CN109342163B - Mould for making structural surface model containing weak interlayer - Google Patents
Mould for making structural surface model containing weak interlayer Download PDFInfo
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- CN109342163B CN109342163B CN201811200952.2A CN201811200952A CN109342163B CN 109342163 B CN109342163 B CN 109342163B CN 201811200952 A CN201811200952 A CN 201811200952A CN 109342163 B CN109342163 B CN 109342163B
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- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 169
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
- G01N2001/366—Moulds; Demoulding
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
A structural surface model manufacturing mold containing a weak interlayer, wherein the side edge of a bottom plate is fixed with a front side plate, a rear side plate, a left side plate and a right side plate; the front side plate and the rear side plate are side plates with the same size, are symmetrically placed on the bottom plate and serve as the front side plate and the rear side plate in the sample preparation process of the model sample; the left side plate is respectively connected with the front side plate and the rear side plate, and a left side cavity is formed by the left side plate, the front side plate, the rear side plate and the left side structural surface panel; the right side plate is respectively connected with the front side plate and the rear side plate, and a right side cavity is formed by the right side plate, the front side plate, the rear side plate and the right side structural surface panel; the right side structure surface panel is connected with the front side plate and the rear side plate; the left side structural surface panel is connected with the front side plate and the rear side plate. The invention can solve the problems of difficult laying of the weak interlayer and inconsistent constraint and site of the weak interlayer, and can realize the test condition of firstly compressing and then shearing in the direct shear test process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of direct shear test structural surface model manufacturing dies, in particular to a structural surface model manufacturing die with a weak interlayer.
Background
The structure has a controllable influence on the stability of the rock mass in engineering, in particular to a weak structure surface containing a weak interlayer. The weak structural surface is a weak band with a certain thickness in the rock mass, has the characteristics of high compression, low strength and the like compared with the rock mass at two adjacent sides, and generally controls the deformation and stability of the rock mass. In practical engineering projects, accidents frequently occur due to the existence of a weak interlayer, and serious life and property losses are caused, so that research on mechanical properties of a structure surface containing the weak interlayer obtained through a direct shear test is particularly important.
The acquisition of rock mass structural plane samples containing weak interlayers generally has two means of field on-site sampling and indoor manufacturing. The original rock structural surface sample containing the weak interlayer is obtained in the field, and the following defects exist: 1) The weak interlayer is easy to disturb, and a primary rock structural surface sample containing the weak interlayer, which is consistent with the state of the present place, is difficult to obtain; 2) On site, a plurality of groups of samples with the properties approximately consistent with those of the original rock structural surface containing the weak interlayer are difficult to obtain, and structural surface mechanical indexes cannot be obtained through direct shear tests of the plurality of groups of samples; 3) The on-site sampling has the defects of high difficulty, high cost, long sampling period, high risk and the like. Therefore, indoor production is an important method for obtaining a sample of a rock mass structural plane containing a weak interlayer.
In order to obtain a sample of a structural face of a rock mass containing a weak interlayer consistent with the field, the following 3 aspects are required to maintain the reliability of the sample test in the process of manufacturing an indoor sample: 1) The thickness of the weak interlayer is the same as that of the field condition; 2) Weak interlayer constraint conditions consistent with the scene; 3) Test conditions of first compression and then shearing of the sample can be realized. The method is characterized in that a sample of the rock mass structural surface with the weak interlayer is prepared in a room, and then the sample is paved, so that the problem of difficult paving of the interlayer is solved in the preparation process, a wax sealing method is adopted in a constraint mode of the weak interlayer, the method is difficult to be consistent with a constraint method on site, and the stress state consistent with the site is difficult to be maintained in the compression process and the shearing process.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to meet the requirements of the indoor direct shear test of the structural surface model with the weak interlayer, the invention provides the structural surface model manufacturing die with the weak interlayer, which can solve the problem of difficult laying of the weak interlayer and can realize the test condition of firstly compressing and then shearing in the direct shear test process.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a structural surface model manufacturing mold with a weak interlayer comprises a bottom plate, a front side plate, a rear side plate, front and rear side plate fixing bolts, a left side plate, a right side plate, a left structural surface panel and a right structural surface panel;
the side edges of the bottom plate are fixed with a front side plate, a rear side plate, a left side plate and a right side plate;
the front side plate and the rear side plate are side plates with the same size, and are symmetrically placed on the bottom plate to serve as the front side plate and the rear side plate in the sample preparation process of the model sample;
the left side plate is respectively connected with the front side plate and the rear side plate, and a left side cavity is formed by the left side plate, the front side plate, the rear side plate and the left side structural surface panel; the right side plate is respectively connected with the front side plate and the rear side plate, and a right side cavity is formed by the right side plate, the front side plate, the rear side plate and the right side structural surface panel;
the right side structure surface panel is connected with the front side plate and the rear side plate; the left side structural surface panel is connected with the front side plate and the rear side plate.
Further, the manufacturing mold further comprises a bottom constraint plate of the weak interlayer, front and rear constraint plates of the weak interlayer and a top constraint plate of the weak interlayer; the middle part of the bottom plate is used for placing a soft interlayer bottom constraint plate;
the soft interlayer bottom constraint plate is a part poured on the outer side of the model sample, a hinge is arranged in the middle of the soft interlayer bottom constraint plate, and the middle hinge is divided into two parts, namely a hinge and a spring; the right part of the constraint plate at the bottom of the soft interlayer is used as a fixed end and is provided with a reinforcing rib connected with a model sample; the bottom constraint plates of the weak interlayers are fixed on the front side plate and the rear side plate; the top constraint plates of the weak interlayers are fixed on the front side plate and the rear side plate; a hinge is arranged in the middle of the constraint plate at the top of the weak interlayer, and the middle hinge is divided into two parts, namely a hinge and a spring;
the front side constraint plate and the rear side constraint plate of the soft interlayer are poured on the front side and the rear side of the model sample and are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the sample, the front side constraint plate and the rear side constraint plate of the soft interlayer are composed of a left plate and a right plate, the front side constraint plate and the rear side constraint plate of the soft interlayer are fixed on the front side plate and the rear side plate, the two plates are in a mutually nested state, a compression space required by a direct shear test exists between the two plates, and reinforcing ribs connected with the model sample are arranged on the front side constraint plate and the rear side constraint plate of the soft interlayer;
the right side structural surface panel is fixedly connected with the front and rear side constraint plates of the weak interlayer.
Further, the bottom plate is of a plate-shaped structure with sliding grooves on two sides, the cross section of the bottom plate is in a shape of a Chinese character 'shan', a groove is reserved in the middle of the top surface of the bottom plate and used for placing a constraint plate at the bottom of the weak interlayer, and holes used for fixing the side plates are formed in the side edges of the constraint plate; the front side plate and the rear side plate are fixed on the bottom plate through front side plate fixing bolts and rear side plate fixing bolts.
Still further, the left side board is connected with the front side board, the rear side board and the bottom board by utilizing left side board fixing bolts and is used as a fixing side board for forming a sample preparing cavity of the model sample together with other side boards.
The right side plate is connected with the front side plate, the rear side plate and the bottom plate by utilizing right side plate fixing bolts and used as a fixing side plate for forming a sample preparation cavity of the model sample together with other side plates.
The left side plate and the right side plate are side plates with the same size and are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the die.
The side limit hole sites for limiting extrusion of the soft interlayer in the compression process are arranged in front of and behind the bottom constraint plate of the soft interlayer, a connecting rod is penetrated between the hole sites of the bottom constraint plate of the soft interlayer and the hole sites of the top constraint plate of the soft interlayer in the compression process, and the soft interlayer is screwed by nuts so as to prevent extrusion of the soft interlayer in the compression process and realize the side limit of the compression process;
the bottom constraint plate of the soft interlayer is provided with a fixed hole site, and is fixed on the front side plate and the rear side plate through the fixing bolt of the bottom constraint plate of the soft interlayer.
The top constraint plate of the weak interlayer is provided with fixing hole sites, and is fixed on the front side plate and the rear side plate through fixing bolts of the top constraint plate of the weak interlayer.
In the process of filling the weak interlayer, the constraint plate at the top of the weak interlayer rotates the front end plate by 90 degrees, and the front end plate is fixed by the drag hook, so that the soft interlayer is filled from the upper part.
The left and right plates of the front and rear side constraint plates of the weak interlayer are respectively provided with hole sites, and the front and rear side constraint plates of the weak interlayer are fixed on the front and rear side plates through fixing bolts of the front and rear side constraint plates of the weak interlayer.
The right side structure face plate and the right side plates in the front and rear constraint plates of the weak interlayer share bolts, and are connected with the front and rear side plates, and the top of the right side structure face plate is provided with a pull ring, so that the right side structure face plate is convenient to dismantle during demolding; holes are formed in the front side and the rear side of the upper portion of the left structural surface panel, the left structural surface panel fixing bolts penetrate through the holes, and the left structural surface panel is fixed on the front side plate and the rear side plate by the aid of the left structural surface panel fixing bolts.
The beneficial effects of the invention are mainly shown in the following steps:
(1) The required structural surface morphology can be selected for different structural surfaces to finish the manufacturing of the structural surface model.
(2) The rock structural surface and the weak interlayer are manufactured and molded in the mold together, so that the rock structural surface sample manufacturing and the weak interlayer integrated manufacturing are realized.
(3) The structural surface model sample containing the weak interlayer, which is manufactured by adopting the structural surface model manufacturing mould containing the weak interlayer, can realize complete rigid constraint in the compression process and prevent the extrusion of the weak interlayer; during the shearing process, the sample can be sheared freely in the shearing direction, and the other two sides are provided with rigid constraint.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a top view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a left side view of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 1-1 of FIG. 1.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a base plate of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a top view of the front and rear side panels of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a left side structural panel of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a top view of the weak sandwich top constraint plate of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a front view of the weak sandwich top constraint plate of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a left side view of the weak sandwich top restraint panel of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a top view of the weak sandwich bottom restraint panel of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a front view of the bottom restraint panel of the weak sandwich of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a left side view of the weak sandwich bottom restraint panel of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a partial schematic view of the top and bottom restraint panel hinges of the weak sandwich of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a top view of the front and rear restraint panels of the weak interlayer of the present invention.
Fig. 16 is a left side view of the front and rear restraint panels of the weak interlayer of the present invention.
FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the sample of FIG. 4 containing a weak sandwich structure face.
Fig. 18 is a top view of the compression process of the fabricated structural panel sample containing the weak interlayer (arrows in the figure indicate the compression direction).
Fig. 19 is a front view of the compression process of the finished structural surface sample containing the weak interlayer (arrows in the figure indicate the compression direction).
FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG. 19 (arrows indicate the direction of compression).
FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 18 (arrows indicate the direction of compression).
FIG. 22 is a top view of a finished structural face sample containing a weak interlayer during shearing (arrows in the figure indicate the shearing direction).
FIG. 23 is a front view of the shear process for a finished structural face specimen containing a weak interlayer (arrows in the figure indicate shear directions).
FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 23 (arrows indicate the direction of shear).
FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG. 22 (arrows indicate the direction of shear).
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 25, a mold for manufacturing a structural panel model including a weak interlayer includes a bottom plate 1, a front plate 2, a rear plate 3, a front plate and rear plate fixing bolts 12, a left plate 4, a left plate fixing bolt 14, a right plate 5, a right plate fixing bolt 13, a weak interlayer bottom constraint plate 6, a weak interlayer bottom constraint plate fixing bolt 27, weak interlayer front and rear constraint plates 7 and 8, weak interlayer front and rear constraint plate fixing bolts 16 and 17, a weak interlayer top constraint plate 9, a weak interlayer top constraint plate fixing bolt 18, a left structural panel 10, a left structural panel fixing bolt 15, a right structural panel 11, and a right structural panel fixing bolt 17.
The bottom plate 1 is of a plate-shaped structure with sliding grooves on two sides, the cross section of the bottom plate 1 is in a mountain shape, a groove is reserved in the middle of the top surface of the bottom plate 1 and used for placing the constraint plate 6 at the bottom of the weak interlayer, and hole sites 101 used for fixing the side plates are arranged on the side edges.
The front side plate 2 and the rear side plate 3 are side plates with the same size, are symmetrically placed on the bottom plate 1, and are fixed on the bottom plate 1 through the front side plate fixing bolt 12 and the rear side plate fixing bolt 12 to serve as side plates in the process of preparing a model sample.
The left side plate 4 is connected to the front and rear side plates 2, 3 and the bottom plate 1 by the left side plate fixing bolts 14, and is used as a fixing side plate to form a sample preparation chamber of a model sample together with other side plates (namely, a chamber formed by the left side plate 4, the front and rear side plates 2, 3 and the left side structural surface panel 10 is filled with sample materials to form a left side structural surface sample 22).
The right side plate 5 is connected to the front and rear side plates 2, 3 and the bottom plate 1 by means of right side plate fixing bolts 13, and is used as a fixing side plate to form a sample preparation chamber of a model sample together with other side plates (namely, a chamber formed by the right side plate 5, the front and rear side plates 2, 3 and the right side structural surface panel 11 is filled with sample materials to form a right side structural surface sample 24).
The left side plate 4 and the right side plate 5 are side plates with the same size and are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the die.
The soft interlayer bottom constraint plate 6 is a part poured on the outer side of the model sample, the hinge 21 is arranged in the middle of the soft interlayer bottom constraint plate 6, the middle hinge is divided into two parts, namely a hinge 2101 and a spring 2102, and the hinge 21 can rotate around the hinge during the shearing process of the model sample without influencing the shearing process. The right part 602 of the bottom constraint plate 6 of the weak interlayer is used as a fixed end, reinforcing ribs 604 connected with a model sample are arranged on the front constraint plate and the rear constraint plate, lateral limiting hole sites 603 for limiting extrusion of the weak interlayer in the compression process are arranged on the front constraint plate and the rear constraint plate, connecting rods 25 penetrate between the hole sites 603 of the bottom constraint plate 6 of the weak interlayer and the hole sites 903 of the top constraint plate 9 of the weak interlayer in the compression process, and are screwed by nuts 26 so as to prevent extrusion of the weak interlayer in the compression process and realize lateral limitation of the compression process. The weak interlayer bottom restraint plate 6 is provided with a fixing hole site 2701, which is fixed to the front and rear side plates 2, 3 by a weak interlayer bottom restraint plate fixing bolt 27. The bottom constraint plate 6 of the weak interlayer is used as a model sample to constrain the bottom of the weak interlayer, so that the full limit in the compression process and the free shearing in the shearing process can be realized.
The action of the soft interlayer top constraint plate 9 is the same as that of the soft interlayer bottom plate constraint plate 6, the soft interlayer top constraint plate 9 is provided with a fixing hole site 1801 as a constraint plate for constraining a soft interlayer in a model sample, and the soft interlayer top constraint plate is fixed on the front side plate 2 and the rear side plate 3 through a soft interlayer top constraint plate fixing bolt 18; the hinge 21 is arranged in the middle of the constraint plate 9 at the top of the soft interlayer, the middle hinge is divided into two parts, namely a hinge 2101 and a spring 2102, and the hinge 21 can rotate around the hinge during the shearing process of the model sample without influencing the compression and shearing processes; in the process of filling the weak interlayer, the front end plate is rotated by 90 degrees through the constraint plate 9 at the top of the weak interlayer, and the soft interlayer is fixed through the draw hook 19, so that the soft interlayer is filled from the upper part.
The front and rear side restraint plates 7 and 8 are poured on the front and rear sides of the model sample, the front side restraint plate of the weak interlayer and the rear side restraint plate of the weak interlayer are the same in size and symmetrical to each other and are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the sample, the front and rear side restraint plates of the weak interlayer are uniformly divided into left and right two plates 7 and 8, hole sites are respectively arranged, the front and rear side restraint plates 7 and 8 of the weak interlayer are fixed on the front and rear side plates 2 and 3 through fixing bolts 16 and 17 of the front and rear side restraint plates of the weak interlayer, the two plates are in a mutually nested state, a compression space 701 required by a direct shear test exists between the two plates, and reinforcing ribs 702 and 801 connected with the model sample are arranged on the plates so as to achieve the purpose of smoothly compressing.
The right side structural panel 11 is used as a structural panel fixed in the two structural panels, the structural panels are not moved, the right side structural panel 11 and the right side plate 8 in the front and rear constraint plates of the weak interlayer share bolts 17, the structural panels are connected with the front and rear side plates 2 and 3, the purpose of fixation is achieved, and the top is provided with a pull ring 20, so that the structural panels are convenient to dismantle during demolding.
The left side structure face panel 10 is fixed on the front side plate 2 and the rear side plate 3, holes 1001 are formed on the front side and the rear side of the upper portion of the left side structure face panel 10, left side structure face panel fixing bolts 15 penetrate through the holes, and the left side structure face panel is fixed on the front side plate 2 and the rear side plate 3 by the left side structure face panel fixing bolts 15 to form a left side structure face space of a model sample.
In this example, a sample having dimensions of 100mm×100mm×210mm and a thickness of 10mm was prepared as an example of a structure surface containing a rigid constraint of a weak interlayer.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:
(1) The structural face plate morphology is selected. And selecting the shape of the panel with the corresponding structural surface according to the test requirements.
(2) The bottom plate 1 is placed. The base plate 1 is placed on the leveled ground.
(3) And the front side plate 2 and the rear side plate 3 are mounted. The front and rear side plates 2, 3 are respectively placed in grooves on two sides of the bottom plate 1, and the front and rear side plates 2, 3 are fixed on the bottom plate 1 by using front and rear side plate fixing bolts 12.
(4) And the left side plate 4 is installed. The left side plate 4 is connected with the front and rear side plates 2, 3 and the bottom plate 1 by the left side plate fixing bolts 14, so as to achieve the purpose of fixing.
(5) And (5) mounting the right side plate. The right side plate 5 is connected with the front side plate 2, the rear side plate 3 and the bottom plate 1 by utilizing the right side plate fixing bolts 13, so that the purpose of fixing is achieved.
(6) And (3) mounting a soft interlayer bottom restraint plate 6. The soft interlayer bottom constraint plate 6 is placed in a groove at the upper part of the bottom plate 1, the soft interlayer bottom constraint plate 6 is fixed on the front side plate 2 and the rear side plate 3 by utilizing the soft interlayer bottom constraint plate fixing bolts 27, and a layer of isolating film is paved on the hinge 21 and the left side part plate 601 of the soft interlayer bottom constraint plate 6, so that the hinge 21 and the left side part plate 601 of the soft interlayer bottom constraint plate 6 are prevented from being poured with a structural surface sample, and the separation effect is achieved.
(7) And the front and rear side restraint plates 7 and 8 of the weak interlayer are arranged. The front and rear restraint plates of the weak interlayer are fixed to the front and rear side plates 2, 3 by the front and rear restraint plate fixing bolts 16, 17 of the weak interlayer.
(8) Right side structural panel 11. The right panel 11 is fixed to the front and rear side plates 2 and 3 by the right panel fixing bolts 17.
(9) The weak sandwich top restraint panel 9 is installed. The weak interlayer top constraint plate 9 is fixed on the front side plate 2 and the rear side plate 3 by using the weak interlayer top constraint plate fixing bolts 18, and the left side plate 901 of the hinge 21 of the weak interlayer top constraint plate 9 is rotated by 90 degrees around the hinge and is fixed by using the draw hook 19.
(10) And (3) mounting the left structural panel 10. The left panel 10 is fixed to the front and rear side plates 2 and 3 by left panel fixing bolts 15.
(11) And (5) coating a release agent. After the installation is finished, a layer of film coating agent is coated on the inner surface of the assembled manufacturing die, so that the die is convenient to disassemble, and engine oil is used as a release agent.
(12) And pouring rock simulation materials. The corresponding rock simulating material is poured into the production mould, where a cement mortar material is used.
(13) And (5) vibrating compaction and trowelling treatment of the rock simulation material. And (3) vibrating and compacting the poured rock simulation material, and performing surface trowelling treatment after the vibration is finished.
(14) And (5) removing the structural surface panel. Curing the poured sample together with the mold to initial setting strength, and dismantling the right side structural surface panel and the left side structural surface panel.
(15) And pouring a weak interlayer material. Pouring the prepared weak interlayer material into a gap between the left side structural surface and the right side structural surface, wherein the weak interlayer material is mucky soil.
(16) Vibrating, compacting and trowelling the weak interlayer. Placing the poured soft interlayer material on a special vibration table, vibrating and compacting, and performing surface trowelling treatment after the vibration is finished.
(17) And (5) removing the die. And (3) standing and curing the structural surface sample with the weak interlayer for 1d, and removing the structural surface to manufacture the die. And the draw hook of the constraint plate at the top of the weak interlayer is loosened.
(18) And (5) maintaining. And (3) placing the structural surface sample with the weak interlayer after the mold is removed into a special curing chamber for curing.
(19) And (3) replacing the structural surface panel in the step (1), and repeating the steps (2) - (18) to manufacture the samples containing the weak sandwich structural surface of the structural surface panels of different types.
In summary, the invention provides a structural surface model manufacturing mold containing a weak interlayer, and four side constraint plates not only can prevent the weak interlayer from being extruded in the compression process, but also can realize that a manufactured sample can be directly taken to a direct shear apparatus for direct shear test.
Claims (9)
1. A structural surface model preparation mould that contains weak intermediate layer, its characterized in that: the manufacturing die comprises a bottom plate, a front side plate, a rear side plate, a front side plate fixing bolt, a rear side plate fixing bolt, a left side plate, a right side plate, a left side structural surface panel and a right side structural surface panel;
the side edges of the bottom plate are fixed with a front side plate, a rear side plate, a left side plate and a right side plate;
the front side plate and the rear side plate are side plates with the same size, and are symmetrically placed on the bottom plate to serve as the front side plate and the rear side plate in the sample preparation process of the model sample;
the left side plate is respectively connected with the front side plate and the rear side plate, and a left side cavity is formed by the left side plate, the front side plate, the rear side plate and the left side structural surface panel; the right side plate is respectively connected with the front side plate and the rear side plate, and a right side cavity is formed by the right side plate, the front side plate, the rear side plate and the right side structural surface panel;
the right side structure surface panel is connected with the front side plate and the rear side plate; the left side structure surface panel is connected with the front side plate and the rear side plate;
the manufacturing mould also comprises a soft interlayer bottom constraint plate, a soft interlayer front and rear side constraint plate and a soft interlayer top constraint plate; the middle part of the bottom plate is used for placing a soft interlayer bottom constraint plate;
the soft interlayer bottom constraint plate is a part poured on the outer side of the model sample, a hinge is arranged in the middle of the soft interlayer bottom constraint plate, and the middle hinge is divided into two parts, namely a hinge and a spring; the right part of the constraint plate at the bottom of the soft interlayer is used as a fixed end and is provided with a reinforcing rib connected with a model sample; the bottom constraint plates of the weak interlayers are fixed on the front side plate and the rear side plate; the top constraint plates of the weak interlayers are fixed on the front side plate and the rear side plate; a hinge is arranged in the middle of the constraint plate at the top of the weak interlayer, and the middle hinge is divided into two parts, namely a hinge and a spring;
the front side constraint plate and the rear side constraint plate of the soft interlayer are poured on the front side and the rear side of the model sample and are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the model sample, the front side constraint plate and the rear side constraint plate of the soft interlayer are composed of a left plate and a right plate, the front side constraint plate and the rear side constraint plate of the soft interlayer are fixed on the front side plate and the rear side plate, the two plates are in a mutually nested state, a compression space required by a direct shear test exists between the two plates, and reinforcing ribs connected with the model sample are arranged on the front side constraint plate and the rear side constraint plate of the soft interlayer;
the right side structural surface panel is fixedly connected with the front and rear side constraint plates of the weak interlayer.
2. The structural panel model forming die containing a weak interlayer according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom plate is of a plate-shaped structure with sliding grooves on two sides, the cross section of the bottom plate is in a mountain shape, a groove is reserved in the middle of the top surface of the bottom plate and used for placing a constraint plate at the bottom of the weak interlayer, and holes used for fixing the side plates are formed in the side edges of the constraint plate; the front side plate and the rear side plate are fixed on the bottom plate through front side plate fixing bolts and rear side plate fixing bolts.
3. A structural face model forming die containing a weak interlayer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the left side plate is connected with the front side plate, the rear side plate and the bottom plate by using left side plate fixing bolts and used as a fixing side plate for forming a sample preparation cavity of the model sample together with the front side plate, the rear side plate and the left side structure surface panel.
4. A structural face model forming die containing a weak interlayer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the right side plate is connected with the front side plate, the rear side plate and the bottom plate by using right side plate fixing bolts and used as a fixing side plate for forming a sample preparation cavity of the model sample together with the front side plate, the rear side plate and the right side structural surface panel.
5. A structural face model forming die containing a weak interlayer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the side limit hole sites for limiting extrusion of the soft interlayer in the compression process are arranged in front of and behind the bottom constraint plate of the soft interlayer, a connecting rod is penetrated between the hole sites of the bottom constraint plate of the soft interlayer and the top constraint plate of the soft interlayer in the compression process, and the soft interlayer is screwed by nuts so as to prevent extrusion of the soft interlayer in the compression process and realize the side limit of the compression process.
6. A structural face model forming die containing a weak interlayer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the bottom constraint plate of the soft interlayer is provided with a fixed hole site, and is fixed on the front side plate and the rear side plate through the fixing bolt of the bottom constraint plate of the soft interlayer.
7. A structural face model forming die containing a weak interlayer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the top constraint plate of the weak interlayer is provided with a fixed hole site, and is fixed on the front side plate and the rear side plate through a fixing bolt of the top constraint plate of the weak interlayer; in the process of filling the weak interlayer, the constraint plate at the top of the weak interlayer rotates the front end plate by 90 degrees, and the front end plate is fixed by the drag hook, so that the soft interlayer is filled from the upper part.
8. A structural face model forming die containing a weak interlayer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the left and right plates of the front and rear side constraint plates of the weak interlayer are respectively provided with hole sites, and the front and rear side constraint plates of the weak interlayer are fixed on the front and rear side plates through fixing bolts of the front and rear side constraint plates of the weak interlayer.
9. A structural face model forming die containing a weak interlayer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the right side structure face plate and the right side plates in the front and rear constraint plates of the weak interlayer share bolts, and are connected with the front and rear side plates, and the top of the right side structure face plate is provided with a pull ring, so that the right side structure face plate is convenient to dismantle during demolding; holes are formed in the front side and the rear side of the upper portion of the left structural surface panel, the left structural surface panel fixing bolts penetrate through the holes, and the left structural surface panel is fixed on the front side plate and the rear side plate by the aid of the left structural surface panel fixing bolts.
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| CN110940565B (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2022-09-20 | 北京工业大学 | Design and boundary simulation method for non-homogeneous model in tunnel shaking table test |
| CN113790942B (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2022-10-04 | 中南大学 | Preparation device and method of simulation rock sample containing variable-inclination-angle weak interlayer |
| CN113916627B (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2022-12-27 | 中南大学 | Device and method for preparing simulated rock sample containing complex-form weak layer |
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