CN109338372B - Ocean platform cathode protection simulation experiment device and method - Google Patents

Ocean platform cathode protection simulation experiment device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109338372B
CN109338372B CN201811516567.9A CN201811516567A CN109338372B CN 109338372 B CN109338372 B CN 109338372B CN 201811516567 A CN201811516567 A CN 201811516567A CN 109338372 B CN109338372 B CN 109338372B
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water
platform
scaling
model
ocean platform
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CN109338372A (en
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许实
王廷勇
王辉
王海涛
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Sunrui Marine Environment Engineering Co ltd
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Sunrui Marine Environment Engineering Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
    • C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
    • C23F13/10—Electrodes characterised by the structure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
    • C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
    • C23F13/22—Monitoring arrangements therefor

Abstract

A cathodic protection simulation experiment device and method for an ocean platform comprises a water circulation unit, a sensor unit and a data processing unit, wherein the water circulation unit comprises a water storage tank, a circulating pump, a wave generator, an adjusting tank, a temperature control element and a stirrer; the sensor unit comprises an ocean platform scaling model, a scaling anode model and an annular reference electrode, wherein the ocean platform scaling model is arranged in a water storage pool; and the plurality of annular reference electrodes and the scaling anode body model are sequentially fixed on the scaling model of the ocean platform from top to bottom and are connected with the data processing unit through leads. The advantages are that: the mode of adopting the experimental apparatus to simulate the acceleration experiment can be used for simulating the influence of environmental factors such as ocean tidal range, ocean current, wave, sea water temperature and the like on the platform cathodic protection effect, is close to the actual working condition, and achieves the purpose of evaluating the feasibility of the platform cathodic protection scheme.

Description

Ocean platform cathode protection simulation experiment device and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a simulation experiment device and a simulation experiment method for ocean platform cathodic protection, which are mainly used for platform cathodic protection effect evaluation experiments and belong to the field of electrochemistry.
Background
The ocean platform is the main equipment for ocean oil and gas exploitation, mainly comprises a steel structure, is located in a wide ocean, and has the disadvantages of complex structure, difficult construction and huge investment. Compared with land oil extraction equipment, the offshore platform is in a very severe environment, and the platform is influenced by a series of factors such as seawater erosion, wind waves, ocean currents, sea ice and the like during working, so that the offshore platform is greatly tested for a main steel structure of the offshore platform. The corrosion of the platform material is very severe and therefore cathodic protection measures have to be taken. However, due to the difficulty in underwater construction, the cathodic protection facility is usually determined by software simulation, and then is directly carried in the platform construction process, which is greatly different from the actual working condition, and once the problems of insufficient protection potential, early failure and the like occur, a large amount of cost needs to be consumed for repair. In engineering, a more accurate simulation experiment device and an experiment method are urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a simulation experiment device and a simulation experiment method for cathode protection of an ocean platform, which can be used for simulating the influence of environmental factors such as ocean tide difference, ocean current, wave, seawater temperature and the like on the cathode protection effect of the platform, are close to the actual working condition, evaluate the reliability of the cathode protection scheme of the platform and solve the problem of larger error in software simulation in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a cathodic protection simulation experiment device for an ocean platform is characterized by comprising a water circulation unit, a sensor unit and a data processing unit, wherein the water circulation unit comprises a water storage pool, a circulating pump, a wave generator, an adjusting tank, a temperature control element and a stirrer; a wave generator and a stirrer are arranged in the reservoir; the sensor unit comprises an ocean platform scaling model, a scaling anode body model and annular reference electrodes, wherein the ocean platform scaling model is arranged in a water storage tank, a plurality of annular reference electrodes are sequentially fixed on a plurality of supporting columns of the ocean platform scaling model from top to bottom, a plurality of scaling anode body models corresponding to the annular reference electrodes are respectively arranged on each supporting column, and the scaling anode body model and the annular reference electrodes are connected with the data processing unit through leads.
The ocean platform cathode protection simulation experiment method adopting the device is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
first step, preparation of an experiment earlier stage:
manufacturing an ocean platform scale model 4 according to the main structure of the simulated platform, wherein the actual proportion is about 1:3000-6000, and only manufacturing the support column 41 and the frame according to the actual size; scaling the cathodic protection facilities in the same proportion to manufacture a scaling anode body model 6, sequentially installing an annular reference electrode 7 on a support 41 by using a fixing clamp, and connecting the scaling anode body model 6 and the annular reference electrode 7 with a data processing system 3; placing the ocean platform scaling model 4 in a reservoir 5; adding deionized water from the water injection port 12 until the water submerges the water inlet 9;
step two, an experimental process:
starting an experiment after a line is checked to be correct, selecting different conductivity solutions according to different experiment requirements, and diluting the seawater solution by using deionized water according to a model proportion when the cathodic protection effect is evaluated;
the water circulation unit is adopted to simulate the following working conditions:
(1) tidal range: adding water into the reservoir to the highest level, adjusting the water outlet, the water inlet and the circulating pump to ensure that the water level in the reservoir changes according to a time period, and then the water level is lowered to the lowest point after 12 hours, storing the redundant water into the adjusting tank, and then slowly rising for 12 hours to recover to the original water level;
(2) wave: the wave in water is provided by a wave generator, and waves of different grades are selected according to the environment of the platform;
(3) temperature: the temperature is regulated by a temperature control element which is positioned in the regulating tank, and when water flows through the regulating tank, the temperature can be regulated according to the required temperature so as to control the temperature in the reservoir;
(4) flow rate: the flow speed of the liquid in the circulating pipeline is adjusted to a set value by adjusting the rotating speed of the circulating pump, and the flow speed is larger than the maximum flow speed of the seawater in the sea area where the platform is located.
The period of the experiment is 7 days, the potential of the main structure of the platform is obtained by the annular reference electrode in the experiment process, the signal is transmitted to the data processing unit for monitoring in real time, and an alarm is given when the protection potential is lower than a set value; every annular reference electrode can test the electric potential in individual direction, ensures that every pillar is all effectively gathered all to the electric potential of four directions all around.
Step three, data processing:
and generating a platform potential distribution diagram through potential values obtained by the data processing unit, wherein the platform cathode protection system can work normally when all potentials are in a required range.
The invention has the advantages that: the mode of simulating an accelerated experiment by adopting an experimental device can be used for simulating the influence of environmental factors such as ocean tidal range, ocean current, waves, seawater temperature and the like on the cathode protection effect of the platform and is close to the actual working condition; by adopting the annular reference electrode, the potential distribution conditions of different positions of the platform including the inner side of the platform can be obtained through testing, and a potential distribution diagram of the simulation platform is obtained through the data processing unit, so that the purpose of evaluating the feasibility of the cathode protection scheme of the platform is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cross section of the sea platform scale model of fig. 1.
Description of reference numerals: 1. the device comprises a water circulation unit, 2, a sensor unit, 3, a data processing unit, 4, an ocean platform scaling model, 41, a support, 5, a reservoir, 6, a scaling anode model, 7, an annular reference electrode, 8, a water outlet, 9, a water inlet, 10, a circulating pump, 11, a wave generator, 12, a water injection valve, 13, a water discharge valve, 14, an adjusting tank, 15, a temperature control element, 16, a stirrer, 17 and a flow rate sensor.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1-2, the ocean platform cathodic protection simulation experiment device of the invention is characterized by comprising a water circulation unit 1, a sensor unit 2 and a data processing unit 3, wherein the water circulation unit 1 comprises a water storage tank 5, a circulating pump 10, a wave generator 11, an adjusting tank 14, a temperature control element 15 and a stirrer 16, a water outlet 8 and a water inlet 9 are respectively arranged at the upper part and the lower part of one end of the water storage tank 5, the circulating pump 10 and the adjusting tank 14 are connected in series between the water outlet 8 and the water inlet 9 through a circulating pipeline, and the temperature control element 15 is arranged on the adjusting tank 14; a wave generator 11 and a stirrer 16 are arranged in the water storage tank 5; the sensor unit 2 comprises an ocean platform scale model 4, a scale anode body model 6 and annular reference electrodes 7, wherein the ocean platform scale model 4 is arranged in a reservoir 5, the annular reference electrodes 7 are sequentially fixed on a plurality of support columns 41 of the ocean platform scale model 4 from top to bottom, a plurality of scale anode body models 6 corresponding to the annular reference electrodes 7 are respectively arranged on each support column 41, and the scale anode body model 6 and the annular reference electrodes 7 are connected with the data processing unit 3 through leads.
The ocean platform scale model 4 is a circular tower-shaped structure.
The size of the ocean platform scale model 4, the scale anode body model 6 and the annular reference electrode 7 is reduced according to a set proportion.
The ocean platform scale model 4 is a circular tower, four supporting columns 41 are arranged, and the four supporting columns are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the circular tower.
The circulation pipeline between the water outlet 8 and the water inlet 9 is provided with a flow velocity sensor 17, the data tapping unit 3 can monitor relevant data including reference electrode potential, temperature and water body flow velocity in real time, a platform potential distribution diagram is generated according to the measured data, the effect of a cathode protection scheme is confirmed, and the data are stored.
The annular reference electrode 7 is particularly suitable for measuring the potential of a cylindrical steel structure. The measuring method comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing an experiment in an early stage:
the ocean platform scale model 4 is manufactured according to the main structure of the simulated platform, the actual ratio is about 1:5000, and only the support column 41 and the main supporting structure are manufactured according to the actual size modification without specific facilities such as a platform superstructure. Scaling the cathodic protection facilities in the same proportion, manufacturing a scaling anode body model 6, sequentially installing an annular reference electrode 7 by using a fixed hoop, and connecting the ocean platform scaling model 4 and the scaling anode body model 6 with a constant current power supply to connect the annular reference electrode 7 with the data processing system 3 if an impressed current cathodic protection experiment is carried out.
II, an experimental process:
the experiment was started after checking the line for errors. And selecting different conductivity solutions according to different experimental requirements, and diluting the seawater solution by using deionized water according to the model proportion when evaluating the cathodic protection effect. Because the size of the model is different from the actual size, the seawater needs to be diluted to ensure that the working voltage of the cathode protection device is consistent with the actual working condition under the condition of short distance, the dilution ratio is consistent with the platform reduction ratio, the platform reduction ratio is 5000 times, and the solution is diluted 5000 times.
The following conditions were simulated using the water circulation unit 1:
(1) tidal range: adding water into the water storage tank 5 to the highest level, adjusting the water outlet 8, the water inlet 9 and the circulating pump 10 to ensure that the water level in the water storage tank 5 changes according to a time period, reducing the water level to the lowest point after 12 hours, storing the redundant water into the adjusting tank 14, and slowly rising the water level to restore to the original water level after 12 hours.
(2) Wave: the waves in the water are provided by wave generators 11, and different levels of waves are selected according to the environment in which the platform is located.
(3) Temperature: the temperature is regulated by a temperature control element 15, which temperature control element 15 is located in the regulating tank 14, and when the water flows through the regulating tank 14, it can be regulated according to the required temperature, thereby controlling the temperature in the reservoir 5.
(4) Flow rate: the flow rate mainly adjusts the rotating speed of the circulating pump 10, and the rotating speed of the circulating pump 10 is adjusted according to the required flow rate, wherein the flow rate is larger than the maximum flow rate of seawater in the sea area where the platform is located.
The period of the cathodic protection effect evaluation experiment is 7 days, the potential of the main structure of the platform is obtained by the annular reference electrode 7 in the experiment process, the signal is transmitted to the data processing unit 3 for monitoring from time to time, and an alarm is given when the protection potential is lower than a set value. Each annular reference electrode 7 can test the potential in 4 directions (as shown in fig. 2), and ensures that the potential in four directions, front, back, left and right, of each pillar 41 is effectively collected.
Thirdly, data processing:
the evaluation of the platform cathodic protection effect is mainly judged by the electric potential, a platform electric potential distribution diagram (belonging to the conventional technology) is generated by the electric potential value obtained by the data processing unit 3, and the platform cathodic protection system can work normally when all the electric potentials are in the required range.
Specific application examples are as follows:
when the cathode protection system of a certain platform fails after a period of use, the cathode protection repair engineering is carried out. The device of the invention is used for simulation experiments to ensure the repairing effect. The specific process is as follows:
(1) and (3) manufacturing a scale model of the platform and the cathode protection device according to the volume ratio of 1:5000, and placing the scale model into a water storage tank 5.
(2) The annular reference electrodes 7 are uniformly arranged on four support columns 41 of the ocean platform scale model 4, are connected with the data processing unit 3 through leads, and are connected with the cathodic protection equipment.
(3) Deionized water is added from the water inlet 12 until the water is submerged in the water inlet 9.
(4) And electrifying, starting the circulating pump 10 and the wave generator 11, carrying out experiments with a period of 7 days, and recording the platform potential at any time. And the plateau potential profile is produced by the data processing unit 3.
(5) And changing parameters of the cathode protection equipment to ensure that the potential range is between-1.2 to-0.7V (vs. Ag/AgCl).
The cathodic protection restoration scheme meets the specified requirements through experiments and can be used for a platform.

Claims (5)

1. The ocean platform cathode protection simulation experiment device is characterized by comprising a water circulation unit (1), a sensor unit (2) and a data processing unit (3), wherein the water circulation unit (1) comprises a water storage tank (5), a circulating pump (10), a wave generator (11), an adjusting tank (14), a temperature control element (15) and a stirrer (16), a water outlet (8) and a water inlet (9) are respectively arranged at the upper part and the lower part of one end of the water storage tank (5), the circulating pump (10) and the adjusting tank (14) are connected in series between the water outlet (8) and the water inlet (9) through a circulating pipeline, and the temperature control element (15) is arranged on the adjusting tank (14); a wave generator (11) and a stirrer (16) are arranged in the water storage tank (5); the sensor unit (2) comprises an ocean platform scaling model (4), a scaling anode body model (6) and annular reference electrodes (7), wherein the ocean platform scaling model (4) is arranged in a reservoir (5), the annular reference electrodes (7) are sequentially fixed on a plurality of support columns (41) of the ocean platform scaling model (4) from top to bottom, a plurality of scaling anode body models (6) corresponding to the annular reference electrodes (7) are respectively arranged on each support column (41), and the scaling anode body model (6) and the annular reference electrodes (7) are connected with the data processing unit (3) through leads;
the ocean platform cathode protection simulation experiment method adopting the device comprises the following steps:
first step, preparation of an experiment earlier stage:
manufacturing an ocean platform scale model (4) according to the main structure of the simulated platform, wherein the actual proportion of the ocean platform scale model (4) to the actual structure is 1:3000-6000, and only manufacturing a strut (41) and a frame according to the actual size; scaling the cathodic protection facilities in the same proportion to manufacture a scaling anode body model (6), sequentially installing an annular reference electrode (7) on a support column (41) by using a fixing clamp, and connecting the scaling anode body model (6) and the annular reference electrode (7) with a data processing system (3); placing the ocean platform scaling model (4) in a reservoir (5); adding deionized water from the water injection port (12) until the water submerges the water inlet (9);
step two, an experimental process:
starting an experiment after a line is checked to be correct, selecting different conductivity solutions according to different experiment requirements, and diluting the seawater solution by using deionized water according to a model proportion when the cathodic protection effect is evaluated;
the water circulation unit (1) is adopted to simulate the following working conditions:
(1) tidal range: adding water into the water storage tank (5) to the highest level, adjusting the water outlet (8), the water inlet (9) and the circulating pump (10) to ensure that the water level in the water storage tank (5) changes according to a time period, and then the water level is reduced to the lowest point after 12 hours, storing the redundant water into an adjusting tank (14), and slowly rising for 12 hours to recover to the original water level;
(2) wave: the wave in the water is provided by a wave generator (11), and waves of different grades are selected according to the environment of the platform;
(3) temperature: the temperature is regulated by a temperature control element (15), the temperature control element (15) is positioned in the regulating tank (14), and when water flows through the regulating tank (14), the temperature can be regulated according to the required temperature, so that the temperature in the water storage tank (5) is controlled;
(4) flow rate: the flow rate of the liquid in the circulating pipeline is adjusted to a set value by adjusting the rotating speed of the circulating pump (10), and the flow rate is larger than the maximum flow rate of the seawater in the sea area where the platform is located;
the period of the experiment is 7 days, the potential of the main structure of the platform is obtained by the annular reference electrode (7) in the experiment process, the potential signal is transmitted to the data processing unit (3) for real-time monitoring, and an alarm is given when the protection potential is lower than a set value; each annular reference electrode (7) can test the electric potential in 4 directions, and the electric potential in the front, back, left and right directions of each support pillar (41) is effectively collected;
step three, data processing:
and generating a platform potential distribution diagram through potential values obtained by the data processing unit (3), wherein the platform cathode protection system can be considered to work normally when all potentials are in a required range.
2. The ocean platform cathodic protection simulation experiment device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ocean platform scaling model (4) is of a tower-shaped structure.
3. The ocean platform cathodic protection simulation experiment device according to claim 1, wherein the size of the ocean platform scaling model (4), the scaling anode body model (6) and the annular reference electrode (7) is reduced according to a set proportion.
4. The ocean platform cathodic protection simulation experiment device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ocean platform scaling model (4) is a circular tower, and four of the support columns (41) are arranged and uniformly distributed along the circumference of the circular tower.
5. The ocean platform cathodic protection simulation experiment device according to claim 1, wherein a flow velocity sensor (17) is installed on the circulating pipeline between the water outlet (8) and the water inlet (9), and the data processing unit (3) can monitor relevant data including reference electrode potential, temperature and water body flow velocity in real time, generate a platform potential distribution diagram according to the measured data, confirm the effect of the cathodic protection scheme and store the data.
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CN109778199A (en) * 2019-02-21 2019-05-21 潍坊科技学院 Simulate the device of petroleum pipeline cathodic protection process in deep-sea thermocline environment
CN110261289B (en) * 2019-06-18 2022-07-22 中国石油大学(华东) Cathodic protection electrochemical simulation test system and method under marine service environment
CN111443292B (en) * 2020-03-26 2022-12-20 青岛双瑞海洋环境工程股份有限公司 Simulation method and system for electrochemical electrode research
CN112030167A (en) * 2020-08-31 2020-12-04 大连科迈尔防腐科技有限公司 Method for installing composite cable of newly-built ocean platform

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CN101967644B (en) * 2010-09-28 2013-06-26 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 Ship cathode protection analog device
CN103614729A (en) * 2013-11-14 2014-03-05 中国海洋石油总公司 Testing device and method for cathode protection of indoor ship body
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CN207738843U (en) * 2018-01-09 2018-08-17 大连科迈尔防腐科技有限公司 A kind of ocean platform tension type impressed current cathodic protection system

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