CN109338171A - One kind is containing Zn casting magnalium lithium alloy and its heat treatment method - Google Patents
One kind is containing Zn casting magnalium lithium alloy and its heat treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109338171A CN109338171A CN201811445570.6A CN201811445570A CN109338171A CN 109338171 A CN109338171 A CN 109338171A CN 201811445570 A CN201811445570 A CN 201811445570A CN 109338171 A CN109338171 A CN 109338171A
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention discloses one kind containing Zn casting magnalium lithium alloy and its heat treatment method；The magnalium lithium alloy includes following each component: 2.1~2.5wt%Mg, and 3.1~3.5wt%Li, 0.1~1.0wt%Zn, impurity element total amount is less than 0.15wt%, surplus Al.The invention further relates to the heat treatment methods of the aforementioned casting magnalium lithium alloy containing Zn, two techniques are handled including three-stage solution processing and single-stage aging, wherein three-stage solution treatment process are as follows: 20~30h of solution treatment at 430~440 DEG C, 10~20h of solution treatment at 500~510 DEG C again, finally 20~30h of solution treatment at 560~570 DEG C.Single-stage aging treatment process is that 8~128h is kept the temperature at 175~200 DEG C.Present invention process is simple, low in cost, and casting magnalium lithium alloy obtained can be applied to the fields such as automobile, aerospace, military project.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to class of metal materials and field of metallurgy, and in particular, to one kind containing Zn casting magnalium lithium alloy and its
Heat treatment method.
Background technique
With the continuous enhancing of the energy and environmental consciousness, demand of the mankind to lightweight structural material is more urgent.Aluminium lithium closes
Fitting has the advantages that small density, specific strength and specific stiffness are high, be it is a kind of have in fields such as automobile, aerospace, military projects it is wide
The structural material of application prospect.
Plastic deformation can assign aluminium lithium alloy higher intensity, therefore the aluminium lithium alloy overwhelming majority of commercial grades at present
Belong to deforming alloy.Magnalium company of the U.S. disclose a kind of improved magnalium lithium alloy and preparation method thereof (publication number:
CN105143492), which consists of the following compositions: 2~3.9wt%Mg, 0.1~1.8wt%Li, up to 1.5wt%
Cu, up to 2wt%Zn, up to 1wt%Ag, up to 1.5wt%Mn, up to 0.5wt%Si, up to 0.35wt%
Fe and some minor elements, surplus Al.Above-mentioned alloy is deformation magnalium lithium alloy, extends unusual offset for Crack prevention,
The additive amount of Li element is normally no higher than 1.8wt%, to reduce Al3The content of Li phase reduces planar slip degree.In addition,
It deforms in magnalium lithium alloy, since Li constituent content is lower, the intergranular compound of formation is less, and heat treatment temperature is usually lower,
Such as France agree connection Aluminum disclosed in deform magnalium lithium alloy (publication number: CN103687971) in, solid solubility temperature be 300~
430 DEG C, aging temp is 150 DEG C, and still, casting magnalium lithium alloy higher for Li content, the solid solubility temperature is too low, crystal boundary
A large amount of primary phases of upper enrichment are unable to fully be dissolved in matrix, cause alloy plasticity and toughness poor, while the aging temp is too low,
Ageing strengthening effect is poor.
Currently, deformation aluminium lithium alloy is widely used in numerous areas, however certain complex-shaped structures
Part such as turbine engine impeller and motor piston etc. need to produce by forging type.Therefore, casting has been carried out in succession both at home and abroad
The research of aluminium lithium alloy.Casting Al-Li Alloy can be divided into casting Al-Cu lithium alloy and casting magnalium lithium alloy according to alloying component,
Shanghai Communications University discloses a kind of high-strength light Casting Al-Li Alloy and preparation method thereof (publication number: CN105648283), institute
Alloy is stated to consist of the following compositions: 3~3.5wt%Li, 1~2wt%Cu, 0.5~2wt%Mg, 0.4~0.8wt%Ag, 0.14
~0.2wt%Zr, 0.3~0.8wt%Mn, impurity element total amount are less than 0.25wt%, surplus Al.The alloy belongs to casting aluminium
Cupralith scope adds Cu element into Al alloy, can promote θ ' phase, T in ag(e)ing process1The precipitation of phase and S phase, therefore should
Alloy intensity with higher, but the presence of Cu element simultaneously also causes alloy to have poor corrosion resistance and higher close
Degree.This seminar, by optimized alloy ingredient and heat treatment method, obtains a kind of with preferable on the basis of previous work
Corrosion resistance, cast magnalium lithium alloy containing Zn compared with low-density, this is important for pushing the application of Casting Al-Li Alloy to have
Meaning.
Summary of the invention
For the defects in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide one kind casts at magnalium lithium alloy and its heat containing Zn
Reason method.By optimized alloy ingredient and heat treatment process, function admirable is obtained, preparation process is simple, low-cost casting
Magnalium lithium alloy is made, this is for casting popularization and application of the magnalium lithium alloy in fields such as automobile, aerospace, military projects with important
Meaning.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Magnalium lithium alloy is cast containing Zn in a first aspect, the present invention relates to one kind, the alloy includes following weight percent
The each component of content: 2.1~2.5wt%Mg, 3.1~3.5wt%Li, 0.1~1.0wt%Zn, impurity element total amount are less than
0.15wt%, surplus Al.In system of the invention, if the content of Mg is higher than 2.5wt%, then it can be generated inside alloy big
Primary phase is measured, is difficult to dissolve in matrix by solution treatment, endangers the mechanical property of alloy, if the content of Mg is lower than 2.1wt%, then
The solid solution strengthening effect of Mg element is unobvious；If the content of Li is higher than 3.5wt%, then it will lead to alloy in fusion process easily
Air-breathing causes the casting flaws such as oxide slag inclusion, if the content of Li is lower than 3.1wt%, is then unable to give full play Li element and improves Al
The effect of alloy specific strength, specific stiffness；Alloy density can be obviously increased if the content of Zn is higher than 1.0wt%, such as the content of Zn
Lower than 0.1wt% then can not microstructure to alloy and mechanical property impact.
Preferably, the impurity element includes one or more of Fe, Si, K and Na.
Second aspect, the invention further relates to a kind of heat treatment methods of casting magnalium lithium alloy containing Zn, including three-stage solution
Processing and single-stage aging processing.
Preferably, the three-stage solution processing includes: that the casting magnalium lithium alloy containing Zn is solid at 430~440 DEG C
20~30h of molten processing, then 10~20h of solution treatment at 500~510 DEG C, finally at 560~570 DEG C solution treatment 20~
30h.In system of the invention, such as each stage solid solution temperature can not then since temperature is too low lower than above-mentioned temperature range
Playing makes corresponding primary phase Al17Mg12, Al2MgLi, AlLi etc. dissolve in the effect of matrix, and such as each stage solid solution temperature is higher than
Above-mentioned temperature range then since temperature is excessively high is easy that alloy burning or excessive grain is made to grow up.
Preferably, the single-stage aging processing is that 8~128h is kept the temperature at 175~200 DEG C.
Compared with prior art, the present invention have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
(1) Li is most light metallic element, and density only has 0.53g cm-3, and be a few in Al have it is higher
One of element of solid solubility, under eutectic temperature (602 DEG C), there are about the Li of 4.2wt% to be soluble in Al, in addition, when
During effect, Li element can be with Al3The form of Li phase is precipitated, and plays ageing strengthening effect.The Li element of this patent design contains
Amount is 3.1~3.5wt%, and alloy density can be greatly reduced and improve alloy strength.
(2) addition of Mg element can not only further decrease alloy density, can also play the role of solution strengthening, together
When reduce solubility of the Li in Al, promote main hardening constituent Al3The precipitation of Li phase increases ageing strengthening effect.
(3) addition of Zn element can not only play the role of solution strengthening, can also refine crystal grain, improve alloy mechanics
Performance.
(4) three-stage solution technique is used, Al is made8Mg5It is mutually dissolved in matrix at a temperature of the lower first order, Al2MgLi
Mutually dissolved at a temperature of the second level, AlLi phase dissolves at a temperature of the highest third level, solve low-temperature single-stage be dissolved under the conditions of
Primary phase is difficult to dissolve, the problem of the serious burning of alloy under the conditions of the solid solution of high temperature single-stage, while effectively preventing crystallite dimension
Excessively increase.
Detailed description of the invention
Upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings, other feature of the invention,
Objects and advantages will become more apparent upon:
Fig. 1 is alloy microstructure photo in embodiment 1, and wherein Fig. 1 (a) is as-cast metallographic structure's photo, and Fig. 1 (b) is
It is dissolved state metallographic structure photo；
Fig. 2 is alloy microstructure photo in embodiment 2, and wherein Fig. 2 (a) is as-cast metallographic structure's photo, and Fig. 2 (b) is
It is dissolved state metallographic structure photo；
Fig. 3 is alloy microstructure photo in comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, and wherein Fig. 3 (a) is alloy solid solution in comparative example 1
State metallographic structure photo, Fig. 3 (b) are alloy solid solution state metallographic structure photo in comparative example 2.
Fig. 4 is alloy microstructure photo in comparative example 3.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail combined with specific embodiments below.Following embodiment will be helpful to the technology of this field
Personnel further understand the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that the ordinary skill of this field
For personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, several changes and improvements can also be made.These belong to the present invention
Protection scope.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment is related to one kind and casts magnalium lithium alloy containing Zn, and the alloy includes each of following weight percent content
Component: 2.1wt%Mg, 3.1wt%Li, 0.1wt%Zn, Impurity Fe, Si, K and Na total amount are less than 0.15wt%, and surplus is
Al。
The preparation method of the casting magnalium lithium alloy containing Zn is divided into two techniques of melting and heat treatment.
The smelting technology includes the following steps:
1, prepare raw material by the weight percent of the casting magnalium lithium alloy containing Zn；
2, fine aluminium is put into crucible and is melted, be increased to 760~780 DEG C to furnace temperature, pure Zn is added；
3,730~740 DEG C being dropped to furnace temperature, pure Mg is added；
4, pure Li is added when temperature continues to drop to 700~710 DEG C under protection of argon gas；
5, control furnace temperature is gone up to 720~730 DEG C, is refined, is skimmed, and casting obtains casting magnalium lithium alloy ingot casting containing Zn.
Fig. 1 (a) is alloy casting state metallographic structure photo in the present embodiment, it can be seen that cast alloy crystal grain is in dendroid,
Coarse primary phase is in net distribution in crystal boundary.
The heat treatment process includes that three-stage solution processing and single-stage aging handle two steps:
The three-stage solution treatment process includes: to cast the solution treatment at 430 DEG C of magnalium lithium alloy containing Zn for described
20h, then the solution treatment 10h at 500 DEG C, finally the solution treatment 20h at 560 DEG C.Fig. 1 (b) is that alloy is solid in the present embodiment
Solvent metallographic structure photo, it can be seen from the figure that the primary phase in alloy has been substantially soluble in base after three-stage solution is handled
Body.
The single-stage aging treatment process is to keep the temperature 64h at 175 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is related to one kind and casts magnalium lithium alloy containing Zn, and the alloy includes each of following weight percent content
Component: 2.1wt%Mg, 3.1wt%Li, 1.0wt%Zn, Impurity Fe, Si, K and Na total amount are less than 0.15wt%, and surplus is
Al。
The preparation method of the casting magnalium lithium alloy containing Zn is divided into two techniques of melting and heat treatment.
The smelting technology includes the following steps:
1, prepare raw material by the weight percent of the casting magnalium lithium alloy containing Zn；
2, fine aluminium is put into crucible and is melted, be increased to 760~780 DEG C to furnace temperature, pure Zn is added；
3,730~740 DEG C being dropped to furnace temperature, pure Mg is added；
4, pure Li is added when temperature continues to drop to 700~710 DEG C under protection of argon gas；
5, control furnace temperature is gone up to 720~730 DEG C, is refined, is skimmed, and casting obtains casting magnalium lithium alloy ingot casting containing Zn.
Fig. 2 (a) is alloy casting state metallographic structure photo in the present embodiment, and cast alloy crystal grain is equiax crystal, with Fig. 1 (a)
Shown in alloy casting state metallographic structure comparison in embodiment 1, it can be seen that crystal grain can effectively be refined by improving Zn constituent content.
The heat treatment process includes that three-stage solution processing and single-stage aging handle two steps:
The three-stage solution treatment process includes: to cast the solution treatment at 430 DEG C of magnalium lithium alloy containing Zn for described
20h, then the solution treatment 20h at 510 DEG C, finally the solution treatment 20h at 560 DEG C.Fig. 2 (b) is that alloy is solid in the present embodiment
Solvent metallographic structure photo, it can be seen from the figure that the primary phase in alloy has been substantially soluble in base after three-stage solution is handled
Body.
The single-stage aging treatment process is to keep the temperature 128h at 175 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is related to one kind and casts magnalium lithium alloy containing Zn, and the alloy includes each of following weight percent content
Component: 2.5wt%Mg, 3.5wt%Li, 0.5wt%Zn, Impurity Fe, Si, K and Na total amount are less than 0.15wt%, and surplus is
Al。
The preparation method of the casting magnalium lithium alloy containing Zn is divided into two techniques of melting and heat treatment.
The smelting technology includes the following steps:
1, prepare raw material by the weight percent of the casting magnalium lithium alloy containing Zn；
2, fine aluminium is put into crucible and is melted, be increased to 760~780 DEG C to furnace temperature, pure Zn is added；
3,730~740 DEG C being dropped to furnace temperature, pure Mg is added；
4, pure Li is added when temperature continues to drop to 700~710 DEG C under protection of argon gas；
5, control furnace temperature is gone up to 720~730 DEG C, is refined, is skimmed, and casting obtains casting magnalium lithium alloy ingot casting containing Zn.
The heat treatment process includes that three-stage solution processing and single-stage aging handle two steps:
The three-stage solution treatment process includes: to cast the solution treatment at 440 DEG C of magnalium lithium alloy containing Zn for described
30h, then the solution treatment 20h at 510 DEG C, finally the solution treatment 30h at 570 DEG C.
The single-stage aging treatment process is to keep the temperature 8h at 200 DEG C.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example is related to a kind of containing Zn casting magnalium lithium alloy, the component and aging technique and embodiment 1 of the alloy
It is essentially identical, the difference is that only: alloy in this comparative example using low-temperature single-stage solid solution treatment process, specially 500 DEG C/
50h.Since solid solubility temperature is low it can be seen from Fig. 3 (a), primary phase is difficult to dissolve.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example is related to a kind of containing Zn casting magnalium lithium alloy, the component and aging technique and embodiment 1 of the alloy
It is essentially identical, the difference is that only: alloy in this comparative example using high temperature single-stage solid solution treatment process, specially 560 DEG C/
50h.Due to solid solubility temperature height it can be seen from Fig. 3 (b), there is burn-off phenomenon in alloy.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example is related to a kind of containing Zn casting magnalium lithium alloy, the component and aging technique and embodiment 1 of the alloy
Essentially identical, the difference is that only: the alloy in this comparative example uses bipolar solid solution treatment process, specifically: at 500 DEG C
Solution treatment 20h, then the solution treatment 30h at 560 DEG C.As seen from Figure 4, it due to lacking low temperature solutionizing step, closes
The processing time is partially long at high temperature for gold, and crystal grain is obviously grown up.
Performance test
The casting magnalium lithium alloy T6 state room-temperature mechanical property of embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-2 preparation is as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1
| Test item | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 |
| Yield strength/MPa | 242 | 269 | 257 | 231 | 226 | 240 |
| Tensile strength/MPa | 357 | 385 | 372 | 326 | 274 | 353 |
| Elongation percentage/% | 5.6 | 5.2 | 4.6 | 3.2 | 1.8 | 4.3 |
| Density/g cm-3 | 2.453 | 2.476 | 2.421 | 2.453 | 2.453 | 2.453 |
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited to above-mentioned
Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make a variety of changes or modify within the scope of the claims, this not shadow
Ring substantive content of the invention.In the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiments herein and embodiment can any phase
Mutually combination.
Claims (5)
1. one kind casts magnalium lithium alloy containing Zn, which is characterized in that the alloy includes each group of following weight percent content
Point: 2.1~2.5wt%Mg, 3.1~3.5wt%Li, 0.1~1.0wt%Zn, impurity element total amount are less than 0.15wt%, surplus
For Al.
2. casting magnalium lithium alloy containing Zn as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the impurity element includes Fe, Si, K
One or more of with Na.
3. a kind of heat treatment method of the casting magnalium lithium alloy containing Zn as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that including three-level
Solution treatment and single-stage aging processing.
4. the heat treatment method of the casting magnalium lithium alloy containing Zn as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the three-stage solution
Processing includes: by described containing Zn casting magnalium lithium alloy 20~30h of solution treatment at 430~440 DEG C, then at 500~510 DEG C
10~20h of lower solution treatment, finally 20~30h of solution treatment at 560~570 DEG C.
5. the heat treatment method of the casting magnalium lithium alloy containing Zn as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the single-stage aging
Processing is that 8~128h is kept the temperature at 175~200 DEG C.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4869870A (en) * | 1988-03-24 | 1989-09-26 | Aluminum Company Of America | Aluminum-lithium alloys with hafnium |
| US5076859A (en) * | 1989-12-26 | 1991-12-31 | Aluminum Company Of America | Heat treatment of aluminum-lithium alloys |
| WO1992012269A1 (en) * | 1990-12-27 | 1992-07-23 | Aluminum Company Of America | Low aspect ratio lithium-containing aluminum extrusions |
| CN103866216A (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2014-06-18 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Heat treatment process for scandium-containing Al-Zn-Mg-Cu base squeeze casting aluminum alloy |
| CN107675038A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-02-09 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | A kind of lightweight casting Al Si Li Cu alloy materials and preparation method thereof |
-
2018
- 2018-11-29 CN CN201811445570.6A patent/CN109338171B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4869870A (en) * | 1988-03-24 | 1989-09-26 | Aluminum Company Of America | Aluminum-lithium alloys with hafnium |
| US5076859A (en) * | 1989-12-26 | 1991-12-31 | Aluminum Company Of America | Heat treatment of aluminum-lithium alloys |
| WO1992012269A1 (en) * | 1990-12-27 | 1992-07-23 | Aluminum Company Of America | Low aspect ratio lithium-containing aluminum extrusions |
| CN103866216A (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2014-06-18 | 北京有色金属研究总院 | Heat treatment process for scandium-containing Al-Zn-Mg-Cu base squeeze casting aluminum alloy |
| CN107675038A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-02-09 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | A kind of lightweight casting Al Si Li Cu alloy materials and preparation method thereof |
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