CN109337760A - A kind of refining vegetable oil and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of refining vegetable oil and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109337760A CN109337760A CN201811358946.XA CN201811358946A CN109337760A CN 109337760 A CN109337760 A CN 109337760A CN 201811358946 A CN201811358946 A CN 201811358946A CN 109337760 A CN109337760 A CN 109337760A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/16—Refining fats or fatty oils by mechanical means
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/001—Refining fats or fatty oils by a combination of two or more of the means hereafter
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/008—Refining fats or fatty oils by filtration, e.g. including ultra filtration, dialysis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/02—Refining fats or fatty oils by chemical reaction
- C11B3/04—Refining fats or fatty oils by chemical reaction with acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/02—Refining fats or fatty oils by chemical reaction
- C11B3/06—Refining fats or fatty oils by chemical reaction with bases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/10—Refining fats or fatty oils by adsorption
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Abstract
The present invention relates to fats and Oils Refining Technology fields, and in particular to a kind of refining vegetable oil and preparation method thereof, comprising the following steps: (1) cleans；(2) degumming: a degumming neutralization reaction and secondary degumming neutralization reaction；(3) soap is taken off；(4) it decolourizes: pre- decoloration and activated decoloration；(5) it is deodorized.The present invention provides a kind of refining vegetable oil and preparation method thereof, the method of refining process is simple, low in cost, the impurity such as colloid and the BaP in vegetable oil can effectively be removed, vegetable oil obtained has the advantages that content of trans fatty acids is low, vitamin e loss rate is low, and refining vegetable oil aromatic flavour, features good taste, quality are high, full of nutrition.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fats and Oils Refining Technology fields, and in particular to a kind of refining vegetable oil and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Vegetable oil contains a certain amount of impurity, such as phosphatide, fatty acid, pigment, odorous compound etc., these impurity
It must be removed from oil plant, so that vegetable oil be made to meet the directly edible requirement of the mankind.Two are generally used to the refining of vegetable oil
Kind method refining of edible oil & fat, i.e. chemical refining and physical refining.In chemical refining, alkali is first generally used again with water process
Processing, to remove the gel and free fatty acid of oil plant.Alkali is reacted with free fatty acid generates fatty acid salt, total in You Heshui
Fatty acid salt generated forms a large amount of emulsion under conditions of depositing, and neutral oil plant is absorbed in emulsion, to cause
Serious oil loss.It will cause more serious especially for the oil plant for containing high free acid, such as rice bran oil, emulsification treatment
Refining losses.
Currently, existing vegetable oil fine smelting method mostly uses chemical method, add first into the vegetable crude oil after producing
Enter acid, chemically react phosphatide, albumen, sugared isocolloid impurity and acid, then addition water forms cotton-shaped compound, using from
Scheming is centrifuged, and cotton-shaped compound and grease are separated, to obtain degumming oil product, degummed oil is finally carried out vacuum
It is dry, moisture removal is removed, refining vegetable oil is obtained.Chemical method refining vegetable oil can cause certain pollution to grease, after eating
It is not conducive to good health, and chemical refining method be easy to cause environmental pollution, is unfavorable for environmental protection.Comparatively, physical refining
Method is more feasible, which includes degumming step, wherein going in such a way that stripping is combined with deodorizing process
Except free fatty acids.Therefore, physical refining method reduces oil loss, removes free fatty acids using distillation mode, improves
Oil plant quality.But but there is the low problem of refining efficiency in physical refining, and refining temperature is high, refining time is long, to cause essence
Content of trans fatty acids in oil refining is got higher, and vitamin E loss increases, and is unfavorable for the raising of oil quality.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, proposing a kind of rapeseed oil processing technique in Chinese patent application 105713724A, walk
Rapid as follows: (1) degumming alkali refining process: crude oil first removes wherein impurity, and after being heated to 65-80 DEG C, food grade sodium hydroxide is added
Aqueous solution obtains degumming alkali refining oil；(2) it takes off soap process: degumming alkali refining oil being heated to 85-90 DEG C, by tubular ultra-filtration membrane, mistake
Soap stock is filtered, de- soap oil is obtained；(3) bleaching process: de- soap oil is heated to 120-125 DEG C, send and mixes into blending tank with carclazyte
Enter bleaching tower after 10-15min, isolates carclazyte, obtain bleached oil；(4) bleached oil deodorization procedures: is heated to 260-290
Enter deodorizing tower after DEG C, 1-1.5h is stopped in deodorizing tower and obtains product oil.The present invention is able to solve dish in conventional refinery process
Seed oil generates the problem of color reversion, effectively removes the impurity such as colloid, the oil-soluble in rapeseed oil；And rapeseed oil can be effectively maintained
In micro-nutrient composition.But degumming alkali refining is not thorough, and there is thorough colloid of not evolving in oil product, and be deodorized in deodorization
In process, deodorization temperature is excessively high, and deodorization time is how long, cause content of trans fatty acids get higher and vitamin E loss increase problem.
And a kind of method of refined rapeseed oil is disclosed in Chinese patent CN102041168B, be 90~
At a high temperature of 110 DEG C, the dephosphorization liquid for adding the aqueous solution composition of salt, dietary alkali, Tween 80 and polysorbate60 realizes the mesh of dephosphorization
, product oil is obtained through bleaching process, the treatment temperature of this method is very high, not only consumes energy, but also grease flavor is easily caused to damage
It loses and aoxidizes, in addition, phosphoric acid liquid composition is excessively complicated, bleaching process need to be increased by, which causing, to complete.
Based on this, it is necessary to a kind of refining vegetable oil and preparation method thereof is provided, to solve existing in the prior art ask
Topic.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned analysis to the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of refining vegetable oil and preparation method thereof, the refining
Method process is simple, low in cost, can effectively remove the impurity such as colloid and the BaP in vegetable oil, and vegetable oil obtained has
The advantage that content of trans fatty acids is low, vitamin e loss rate is low, and refining vegetable oil aromatic flavour, features good taste, quality are high, battalion
It supports abundant.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of preparation method of refining vegetable oil, comprising the following steps:
(1) it cleans: ultrasonic probe is inserted into vegetable crude oil, 20-30min is ultrasonically treated, then by the plant of ultrasonic treatment
Object crude oil, which is put into foamed ceramic filter plate, to be filtered；
(2) degumming:
2A, a degumming neutralization reaction: the vegetable crude oil after step (1) removal of impurities is added in neutralization reaction kettle, first by hair
Oil is heated to 45-55 DEG C, is then added and accounts for crude oil weight 0.1-0.5%, the phosphoric acid that concentration is 75%, after being sufficiently mixed, is detained
After reacting 10-20min, the edible alkali solution prepared is added, after stirring 30-50min, stands 3-5h, opens bottom valve, discharge bottom is heavy
It forms sediment；
2B, secondary degumming neutralization reaction: 2A treated vegetable crude oil is entered into another neutralization reaction kettle by pipeline
It is interior, and crude oil is added to 70-80 DEG C, it is then added and accounts for crude oil weight 0.05-0.1%, the citric acid that concentration is 50%, sufficiently
After mixing, it is detained reaction 20-30min, is then slowly added into edible alkali solution, is added while stirring, until stops adding when pH=7
Enter, then addition temperature is 35-40 DEG C, weight is the soft water of 0.02-0.04 times of crude oil weight, and adjusts the temperature to 45-55 DEG C,
After being stirred to react 50-70min, degummed oil is obtained through the isolated light phase isolate of centrifuge, and after vacuum desolvation is dry；
(3) it takes off soap: degummed oil is added to 70-80 DEG C, and be sent into de- soap centrifuge and be centrifuged, isolate de-
Soap stock in glue oil obtains de- soap oil；
(4) it decolourizes:
4A, pre- decoloration: the filter for being filled with the used atlapulgite of recycling will be first passed through after the heating of de- soap oil and is carried out
Pre- heat decoloring；
4B, activated decoloration: and then atlapulgite is added, it decolourizes under vacuum conditions, filter activity carclazyte obtains
Bleached oil；
(5) it is deodorized: by bleached oil vacuum suck odor removing pot and heating, will be taken off under the vacuum degree greater than 0.099Mpa
Color oil temperature rises to 100 DEG C, slowly opens pressure in the overheat direct steam of 0.02-0.05Mpa, overheat direct steam is allowed to enter
In bleached oil, lower layer's oil to upper layer is forced to recycle；Continue to heat up, the oil temperature that makes to decolourize keeps the temperature 35-45min to 150-170 DEG C；
Preferably, ultrasonic power is 250-300W in the step (1).
Preferably, the specification of the twin-stage potsherd in the step (1) is respectively 30ppi and 60ppi.
Preferably, the dietary alkali in the step (2) is the mixing of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate according to mass ratio 2:1
Object.
Preferably, first de- soap oil is dried at 100-110 DEG C for the step (4), once decolourized by filling up
The filter of atlapulgite decolourized in advance, then mixed according to the atlapulgite that oil re-adds 4-6kg/T oil or so, true
Under the conditions of reciprocal of duty cycle 50-60mmHg, decolourize 20-30min, and filter activity carclazyte obtains bleached oil.
Preferably, the temperature of activated decoloration is 90-100 DEG C in the step (4).
Preferably, the step (5) further include after being deodorized oil after oil is cooled to 30-40 DEG C by heat exchanger again into
Row refined filtration, obtains refining vegetable oil.
Preferably, refined filtration filter refined filtration, refined filtration filter area is 6-10m2, secondary filter speed is
500-800kg/h。
Compared with prior art, the present invention have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
The method of refining of vegetable oil provided by the invention, whole all vegetable oil crude oil is handled at a lower temperature, is kept away
Exempting from high temperature causes fragrance matter volatilization fast, remains the strong fragrance of crude oil as far as possible, and energy consumption is lower；It is neutralized by degumming twice
Reaction carries out aquation degumming process to crude oil, can reach the removal effect of preferable colloid, wax and BaP simultaneously, and de-
The pre- heat decoloring of filter progress for being filled with the used atlapulgite of recycling is first passed through in color processing, then under vacuum conditions
Activated decoloration is carried out again, to reach preferable decolorizing effect, and using lower deodorization temperature, shorter in deodorization procedures
Deodorization time to reach preferable deodorising effect, avoid tradition de- and by the way of forcing lower layer's oil to upper layer circulation
The problem that smelly middle deodorization temperature is high, the long caused content of trans fatty acids of deodorization time is low, vitamin E loss late is low；
Method of refining process of the invention is simple, low in cost, can effectively remove colloid and BaP etc. in vegetable oil
Impurity, vegetable oil obtained has the advantages that content of trans fatty acids is low, vitamin e loss rate is low, and refining vegetable oil fragrance
Strong, features good taste, quality are high, full of nutrition；
According to product oil aromatic flavour made from method of refining provided by the invention, smooth in taste, full of nutrition, it is measured
The indexs such as moisture content, color, content of phospholipid (280 DEG C of heat run qualifications), BaP content meet corresponding plants oil state
Family standard, the especially content of carcinogenic substance BaP≤10 μ g/kg, meet GB2716-2005 " edible vegetable oil sanitary standard "
In regulation, can be used as health, safety high quality food oil.
Specific embodiment
Form by the following examples is described in further detail above content of the invention again, but should not be by this
The range for being interpreted as the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to following embodiment, all technologies based on realization belonging to above content of the present invention
It all belongs to the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of the refining vegetable oil of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
(1) it cleans: ultrasonic probe is inserted into vegetable crude oil, 20min is ultrasonically treated, then by the vegetable hair of ultrasonic treatment
Oil is put into foamed ceramic filter plate and is filtered；
(2) degumming:
2A, a degumming neutralization reaction: the vegetable crude oil after step (1) removal of impurities is added in neutralization reaction kettle, first by hair
Oil is heated to 45 DEG C, is then added and accounts for crude oil weight 0.1%, the phosphoric acid that concentration is 75%, after being sufficiently mixed, is detained reaction
After 10min, the edible alkali solution prepared is added, after stirring 30min, stands 3h, opens bottom valve, bottom precipitation is discharged；
2B, secondary degumming neutralization reaction: 2A treated vegetable crude oil is entered into another neutralization reaction kettle by pipeline
It is interior, and crude oil is added to 70 DEG C, it is then added and accounts for crude oil weight 0.05%, the citric acid that concentration is 50%, after being sufficiently mixed,
It is detained reaction 20min, is then slowly added into edible alkali solution, is added while stirring, until stopping being added when pH=7, is then added
Temperature is 35 DEG C, weight is 0.02 times of crude oil weight of soft water, and adjusts the temperature to 45 DEG C, after being stirred to react 50min, through from
The isolated light phase isolate of scheming, and degummed oil is obtained after vacuum desolvation is dry；
(3) it takes off soap: degummed oil is added to 70 DEG C, and be sent into de- soap centrifuge and be centrifuged, isolate degumming
Soap stock in oil obtains de- soap oil；
(4) it decolourizes:
4A, pre- decoloration: the filter for being filled with the used atlapulgite of recycling will be first passed through after the heating of de- soap oil and is carried out
Pre- heat decoloring；
4B, activated decoloration: and then atlapulgite is added, it decolourizes under vacuum conditions, filter activity carclazyte obtains
Bleached oil；
(5) it is deodorized: by bleached oil vacuum suck odor removing pot and heating, will be taken off under the vacuum degree greater than 0.099Mpa
Color oil temperature rises to 100 DEG C, slowly opens pressure in the overheat direct steam of 0.02Mpa, overheat direct steam is allowed to enter decoloration
In oil, lower layer's oil to upper layer is forced to recycle；Continue to heat up, the oil temperature that makes to decolourize keeps the temperature 35min to 150 DEG C；
Wherein, ultrasonic power is 250W in the step (1).
Wherein, the specification of the twin-stage potsherd in the step (1) is respectively 30ppi and 60ppi.
Wherein, the dietary alkali in the step (2) is the mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate according to mass ratio 2:1.
Wherein, first de- soap oil is dried at 100 DEG C for the step (4), white by filling up the activity through once decolourizing
The filter of soil is decolourized in advance, is then mixed according to the atlapulgite that oil re-adds 4kg/T oil or so, in vacuum degree
Under the conditions of 50mmHg, decolourize 20min, and filter activity carclazyte obtains bleached oil.
Wherein, the temperature of activated decoloration is 90 DEG C in the step (4).
Wherein, the step (5) further includes that the oil after being deodorized carries out refined filtration after oil is cooled to 30 DEG C by heat exchanger again,
Obtain refining vegetable oil.
Wherein, refined filtration filter refined filtration, refined filtration filter area are 6m2, secondary filter speed is 500kg/h.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of the refining vegetable oil of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
(1) it cleans: ultrasonic probe is inserted into vegetable crude oil, 30min is ultrasonically treated, then by the vegetable hair of ultrasonic treatment
Oil is put into foamed ceramic filter plate and is filtered；
(2) degumming:
2A, a degumming neutralization reaction: the vegetable crude oil after step (1) removal of impurities is added in neutralization reaction kettle, first by hair
Oil is heated to 55 DEG C, is then added and accounts for crude oil weight 0.5%, the phosphoric acid that concentration is 75%, after being sufficiently mixed, is detained reaction
After 20min, the edible alkali solution prepared is added, after stirring 50min, stands 5h, opens bottom valve, bottom precipitation is discharged；
2B, secondary degumming neutralization reaction: 2A treated vegetable crude oil is entered into another neutralization reaction kettle by pipeline
It is interior, and crude oil is added to 80 DEG C, it is then added and accounts for crude oil weight 0.1%, the citric acid that concentration is 50%, after being sufficiently mixed,
It is detained reaction 30min, is then slowly added into edible alkali solution, is added while stirring, until stopping being added when pH=7, is then added
Temperature is 40 DEG C, weight is 0.04 times of crude oil weight of soft water, and adjusts the temperature to 55 DEG C, after being stirred to react 70min, through from
The isolated light phase isolate of scheming, and degummed oil is obtained after vacuum desolvation is dry；
(3) it takes off soap: degummed oil is added to 80 DEG C, and be sent into de- soap centrifuge and be centrifuged, isolate degumming
Soap stock in oil obtains de- soap oil；
(4) it decolourizes:
4A, pre- decoloration: the filter for being filled with the used atlapulgite of recycling will be first passed through after the heating of de- soap oil and is carried out
Pre- heat decoloring；
4B, activated decoloration: and then atlapulgite is added, it decolourizes under vacuum conditions, filter activity carclazyte obtains
Bleached oil；
(5) it is deodorized: by bleached oil vacuum suck odor removing pot and heating, will be taken off under the vacuum degree greater than 0.099Mpa
Color oil temperature rises to 100 DEG C, slowly opens pressure in the overheat direct steam of 0.05Mpa, overheat direct steam is allowed to enter decoloration
In oil, lower layer's oil to upper layer is forced to recycle；Continue to heat up, the oil temperature that makes to decolourize keeps the temperature 45min to 170 DEG C；
Wherein, ultrasonic power is 300W in the step (1).
Wherein, the specification of the twin-stage potsherd in the step (1) is respectively 30ppi and 60ppi.
Wherein, the dietary alkali in the step (2) is the mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate according to mass ratio 2:1.
Wherein, first de- soap oil is dried at 110 DEG C for the step (4), white by filling up the activity through once decolourizing
The filter of soil is decolourized in advance, is then mixed according to the atlapulgite that oil re-adds 4-6kg/T oil or so, in vacuum degree
Under the conditions of 60mmHg, decolourize 30min, and filter activity carclazyte obtains bleached oil.
Wherein, the temperature of activated decoloration is 100 DEG C in the step (4).
Wherein, the step (5) further includes that the oil after being deodorized carries out refined filtration after oil is cooled to 40 DEG C by heat exchanger again,
Obtain refining vegetable oil.
Wherein, refined filtration filter refined filtration, refined filtration filter area are 10m2, secondary filter speed is 800kg/h.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of the refining vegetable oil of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
(1) it cleans: ultrasonic probe is inserted into vegetable crude oil, 25min is ultrasonically treated, then by the vegetable hair of ultrasonic treatment
Oil is put into foamed ceramic filter plate and is filtered；
(2) degumming:
2A, a degumming neutralization reaction: the vegetable crude oil after step (1) removal of impurities is added in neutralization reaction kettle, first by hair
Oil is heated to 50 DEG C, is then added and accounts for crude oil weight 0.3%, the phosphoric acid that concentration is 75%, after being sufficiently mixed, is detained reaction
After 15min, the edible alkali solution prepared is added, after stirring 40min, stands 4h, opens bottom valve, bottom precipitation is discharged；
2B, secondary degumming neutralization reaction: 2A treated vegetable crude oil is entered into another neutralization reaction kettle by pipeline
It is interior, and crude oil is added to 75 DEG C, it is then added and accounts for crude oil weight 0.07%, the citric acid that concentration is 50%, after being sufficiently mixed,
It is detained reaction 25min, is then slowly added into edible alkali solution, is added while stirring, until stopping being added when pH=7, is then added
Temperature is 38 DEG C, weight is 0.03 times of crude oil weight of soft water, and adjusts the temperature to 50 DEG C, after being stirred to react 60min, through from
The isolated light phase isolate of scheming, and degummed oil is obtained after vacuum desolvation is dry；
(3) it takes off soap: degummed oil is added to 75 DEG C, and be sent into de- soap centrifuge and be centrifuged, isolate degumming
Soap stock in oil obtains de- soap oil；
(4) it decolourizes:
4A, pre- decoloration: the filter for being filled with the used atlapulgite of recycling will be first passed through after the heating of de- soap oil and is carried out
Pre- heat decoloring；
4B, activated decoloration: and then atlapulgite is added, it decolourizes under vacuum conditions, filter activity carclazyte obtains
Bleached oil；
(5) it is deodorized: by bleached oil vacuum suck odor removing pot and heating, will be taken off under the vacuum degree greater than 0.099Mpa
Color oil temperature rises to 100 DEG C, slowly opens pressure in the overheat direct steam of 0.04Mpa, overheat direct steam is allowed to enter decoloration
In oil, lower layer's oil to upper layer is forced to recycle；Continue to heat up, the oil temperature that makes to decolourize keeps the temperature 40min to 160 DEG C；
Wherein, ultrasonic power is 280W in the step (1).
Wherein, the specification of the twin-stage potsherd in the step (1) is respectively 30ppi and 60ppi.
Wherein, the dietary alkali in the step (2) is the mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate according to mass ratio 2:1.
Wherein, first de- soap oil is dried at 105 DEG C for the step (4), white by filling up the activity through once decolourizing
The filter of soil is decolourized in advance, is then mixed according to the atlapulgite that oil re-adds 5kg/T oil or so, in vacuum degree
Under the conditions of 55mmHg, decolourize 250min, and filter activity carclazyte obtains bleached oil.
Wherein, the temperature of activated decoloration is 95 DEG C in the step (4).
Wherein, the step (5) further includes that the oil after being deodorized carries out refined filtration after oil is cooled to 35 DEG C by heat exchanger again,
Obtain refining vegetable oil.
Wherein, refined filtration filter refined filtration, refined filtration filter area are 8m2, secondary filter speed is 650kg/h.
Embodiment 4
The preparation method of the refining vegetable oil of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
(1) it cleans: ultrasonic probe is inserted into vegetable crude oil, 22min is ultrasonically treated, then by the vegetable hair of ultrasonic treatment
Oil is put into foamed ceramic filter plate and is filtered；
(2) degumming:
2A, a degumming neutralization reaction: the vegetable crude oil after step (1) removal of impurities is added in neutralization reaction kettle, first by hair
Oil is heated to 48 DEG C, is then added and accounts for crude oil weight 0.2%, the phosphoric acid that concentration is 75%, after being sufficiently mixed, is detained reaction
After 13min, the edible alkali solution prepared is added, after stirring 35min, stands 3.5h, opens bottom valve, bottom precipitation is discharged；
2B, secondary degumming neutralization reaction: 2A treated vegetable crude oil is entered into another neutralization reaction kettle by pipeline
It is interior, and crude oil is added to 73 DEG C, it is then added and accounts for crude oil weight 0.06%, the citric acid that concentration is 50%, after being sufficiently mixed,
It is detained reaction 22min, is then slowly added into edible alkali solution, is added while stirring, until stopping being added when pH=7, is then added
Temperature is 36 DEG C, weight is 0.03 times of crude oil weight of soft water, and adjusts the temperature to 48 DEG C, after being stirred to react 55min, through being centrifuged
The isolated light phase isolate of machine, and degummed oil is obtained after vacuum desolvation is dry；
(3) it takes off soap: degummed oil is added to 72 DEG C, and be sent into de- soap centrifuge and be centrifuged, isolate degumming
Soap stock in oil obtains de- soap oil；
(4) it decolourizes:
4A, pre- decoloration: the filter for being filled with the used atlapulgite of recycling will be first passed through after the heating of de- soap oil and is carried out
Pre- heat decoloring；
4B, activated decoloration: and then atlapulgite is added, it decolourizes under vacuum conditions, filter activity carclazyte obtains
Bleached oil；
(5) it is deodorized: by bleached oil vacuum suck odor removing pot and heating, will be taken off under the vacuum degree greater than 0.099Mpa
Color oil temperature rises to 100 DEG C, slowly opens pressure in the overheat direct steam of 0.03Mpa, overheat direct steam is allowed to enter decoloration
In oil, lower layer's oil to upper layer is forced to recycle；Continue to heat up, the oil temperature that makes to decolourize keeps the temperature 38min to 155 DEG C；
Wherein, ultrasonic power is 260W in the step (1).
Wherein, the specification of the twin-stage potsherd in the step (1) is respectively 30ppi and 60ppi.
Wherein, the dietary alkali in the step (2) is the mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate according to mass ratio 2:1.
Wherein, first de- soap oil is dried at 105 DEG C for the step (4), white by filling up the activity through once decolourizing
The filter of soil is decolourized in advance, is then mixed according to the atlapulgite that oil re-adds 4.5kg/T oil or so, in vacuum degree
Under the conditions of 53mmHg, decolourize 22min, and filter activity carclazyte obtains bleached oil.
Wherein, the temperature of activated decoloration is 92 DEG C in the step (4).
Wherein, the step (5) further includes that the oil after being deodorized carries out refined filtration after oil is cooled to 33 DEG C by heat exchanger again,
Obtain refining vegetable oil.
Wherein, refined filtration filter refined filtration, refined filtration filter area are 7m2, secondary filter speed is 600kg/h.
Embodiment 5
The preparation method of the refining vegetable oil of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
(1) it cleans: ultrasonic probe is inserted into vegetable crude oil, 28min is ultrasonically treated, then by the vegetable hair of ultrasonic treatment
Oil is put into foamed ceramic filter plate and is filtered；
(2) degumming:
2A, a degumming neutralization reaction: the vegetable crude oil after step (1) removal of impurities is added in neutralization reaction kettle, first by hair
Oil is heated to 53 DEG C, is then added and accounts for crude oil weight 0.4%, the phosphoric acid that concentration is 75%, after being sufficiently mixed, is detained reaction
After 18min, the edible alkali solution prepared is added, after stirring 45min, stands 4.5h, opens bottom valve, bottom precipitation is discharged；
2B, secondary degumming neutralization reaction: 2A treated vegetable crude oil is entered into another neutralization reaction kettle by pipeline
It is interior, and crude oil is added to 78 DEG C, it is then added and accounts for crude oil weight 0.09%, the citric acid that concentration is 50%, after being sufficiently mixed,
It is detained reaction 28min, is then slowly added into edible alkali solution, is added while stirring, until stopping being added when pH=7, is then added
Temperature is 38 DEG C, weight is 0.04 times of crude oil weight of soft water, and adjusts the temperature to 52 DEG C, after being stirred to react 50-70min, warp
The isolated light phase isolate of centrifuge, and degummed oil is obtained after vacuum desolvation is dry；
(3) it takes off soap: degummed oil is added to 78 DEG C, and be sent into de- soap centrifuge and be centrifuged, isolate degumming
Soap stock in oil obtains de- soap oil；
(4) it decolourizes:
4A, pre- decoloration: the filter for being filled with the used atlapulgite of recycling will be first passed through after the heating of de- soap oil and is carried out
Pre- heat decoloring；
4B, activated decoloration: and then atlapulgite is added, it decolourizes under vacuum conditions, filter activity carclazyte obtains
Bleached oil；
(5) it is deodorized: by bleached oil vacuum suck odor removing pot and heating, will be taken off under the vacuum degree greater than 0.099Mpa
Color oil temperature rises to 100 DEG C, slowly opens pressure in the overheat direct steam of 0.04Mpa, overheat direct steam is allowed to enter decoloration
In oil, lower layer's oil to upper layer is forced to recycle；Continue to heat up, the oil temperature that makes to decolourize keeps the temperature 42min to 165 DEG C；
Wherein, ultrasonic power is 2800W in the step (1).
Wherein, the specification of the twin-stage potsherd in the step (1) is respectively 30ppi and 60ppi.
Wherein, the dietary alkali in the step (2) is the mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate according to mass ratio 2:1.
Wherein, first de- soap oil is dried at 108 DEG C for the step (4), white by filling up the activity through once decolourizing
The filter of soil is decolourized in advance, is then mixed according to the atlapulgite that oil re-adds 5.5kg/T oil or so, in vacuum degree
Under the conditions of 58mmHg, decolourize 28min, and filter activity carclazyte obtains bleached oil.
Wherein, the temperature of activated decoloration is 98 DEG C in the step (4).
Wherein, the step (5) further includes that the oil after being deodorized carries out refined filtration after oil is cooled to 38 DEG C by heat exchanger again,
Obtain refining vegetable oil.
Wherein, refined filtration filter refined filtration, refined filtration filter area are 9m2, secondary filter speed is 700kg/h.
Comparative example 1
Other than saving " a degumming neutralization reaction " step, other steps and method and embodiment 1 are unanimously.
Comparative example 2
Other than saving " secondary degumming neutralization reaction " step, other steps and method and embodiment 1 are unanimously.
Comparative example 3
Other than " decolourizing under vacuum condition " is changed into " decolourizing under condition of normal pressure ", other steps and method and embodiment 1
Unanimously.
Experimental example 1
By the method for embodiment 1-5 and comparative example 1-3 refining vegetable oil in content of trans fatty acids and vitamin E contain
Amount is measured, shown in concrete outcome table 1.
Index determining foundation: the measurement of trans-fatty acid: referring to the survey of GB/T221100-2008 Trans-fatty Acids in Foods
It is fixed, gas chromatography.
The measurement of content of vitamin E: referring to the survey of vitamin e ingredient and content in NY/T 1598-2008 edible vegetable oil
It is fixed, high performance liquid chromatography.
Table 1
As shown in Table 1, the vegetable oil that 1-5 method of refining obtains through the embodiment of the present invention has content of trans fatty acids
Advantage low, vitamin e loss rate is low, and by comparative example 1-3 it is found that by being carried out under degumming neutralization reaction and vacuum twice
Decoloration, can effectively reduce content of trans fatty acids and vitamin e loss rate is low.
Embodiment 2
By BaP content, content of phospholipid and the insatiable hunger in the vegetable oil of the method for embodiment 1-5 and comparative example 1-3 refining
It is measured with content of fatty acid, shown in concrete outcome table 2.
Benzo (a) pyrene content assaying method, referring to the measurement reverse phase of 225092008 animal and plant fat benzo (a) pyrene of GBT
High performance liquid chromatography；
Spectrophotometry analysis of phospholipid method, referring to the measurement of 55372008 grain and oil detection content of phospholipid of GB/T.
As shown in Table 2, the method for refining of 1-5 of the embodiment of the present invention can effectively remove the nuisances such as the BaP in vegetable oil
Matter, and the content of beneficiating ingredient unsaturated fatty acid and phosphatide is high, and by comparative example 1-3 it is found that by degumming twice
It decolourizes under reaction and vacuum, the harmful substances such as BaP that can effectively reduce and raising beneficiating ingredient unsaturated fatty acid
With the content of phosphatide, keep obtained vegetable oil aromatic flavour, features good taste, quality high, full of nutrition.
In conclusion the present invention provides a kind of refining vegetable oil and preparation method thereof, the method for refining process is simple, cost
It is cheap, can effectively remove the impurity such as colloid and the BaP in vegetable oil, vegetable oil obtained have content of trans fatty acids it is low,
The low advantage of vitamin e loss rate, and refining vegetable oil aromatic flavour, features good taste, quality are high, full of nutrition.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, although referring to aforementioned reality
Applying example, invention is explained in detail, for those skilled in the art, still can be to aforementioned each implementation
Technical solution documented by example is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features.It is all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of preparation method of refining vegetable oil, which comprises the following steps:
(1) it cleans: ultrasonic probe is inserted into vegetable crude oil, 20-30min is ultrasonically treated, then by the vegetable hair of ultrasonic treatment
Oil is put into foamed ceramic filter plate and is filtered；
(2) degumming:
2A, a degumming neutralization reaction: the vegetable crude oil after step (1) removal of impurities is added in neutralization reaction kettle, is first added crude oil
Then heat is added to 45-55 DEG C and accounts for crude oil weight 0.1-0.5%, the phosphoric acid that concentration is 75%, after being sufficiently mixed, be detained reaction
After 10-20min, the edible alkali solution prepared is added, after stirring 30-50min, stands 3-5h, opens bottom valve, bottom precipitation is discharged；
2B, secondary degumming neutralization reaction: 2A treated vegetable crude oil is entered in another neutralization reaction kettle by pipeline, and
Crude oil is added to 70-80 DEG C, is then added and accounts for crude oil weight 0.05-0.1%, the citric acid that concentration is 50%, be sufficiently mixed
Afterwards, it is detained reaction 20-30min, is then slowly added into edible alkali solution, is added while stirring, until stops being added when pH=7, so
Addition temperature is 35-40 DEG C afterwards, weight is the soft water of 0.02-0.04 times of crude oil weight, and adjusts the temperature to 45-55 DEG C, is stirred
After reacting 50-70min, degummed oil is obtained through the isolated light phase isolate of centrifuge, and after vacuum desolvation is dry；
(3) it takes off soap: degummed oil is added to 70-80 DEG C, and be sent into de- soap centrifuge and be centrifuged, isolate degummed oil
In soap stock, obtain de- soap oil；
(4) it decolourizes:
4A, pre- decoloration: the filter for being filled with the used atlapulgite of recycling will be first passed through after the heating of de- soap oil and is preheated
Decoloration；
4B, activated decoloration: and then atlapulgite is added, it decolourizes under vacuum conditions, filter activity carclazyte is decolourized
Oil；
(5) it is deodorized: by bleached oil vacuum suck odor removing pot and heating, by bleached oil under the vacuum degree greater than 0.099Mpa
Temperature rises to 100 DEG C, slowly opens pressure in the overheat direct steam of 0.02-0.05Mpa, overheat direct steam is allowed to enter decoloration
In oil, lower layer's oil to upper layer is forced to recycle；Continue to heat up, the oil temperature that makes to decolourize keeps the temperature 35-45min to 150-170 DEG C.
2. the preparation method of refining vegetable oil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that ultrasonic function in the step (1)
Rate is 250-300W.
3. the preparation method of refining vegetable oil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the twin-stage in the step (1)
The specification of potsherd is respectively 30ppi and 60ppi.
4. the preparation method of refining vegetable oil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that edible in the step (2)
Alkali is the mixture of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate according to mass ratio 2:1.
5. the preparation method of refining vegetable oil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (4) is first by de- soap
Oil is dried at 100-110 DEG C, and the filter by filling up the atlapulgite through once decolourizing is decolourized in advance, then basis
Oil re-adds the atlapulgite mixing of 4-6kg/T oil or so, and under the conditions of vacuum degree 50-60mmHg, decolourize 20-30min, filtering
Atlapulgite obtains bleached oil.
6. the preparation method of refining vegetable oil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that activity is white in the step (4)
The temperature of soil decoloration is 90-100 DEG C.
7. the preparation method of refining vegetable oil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (5) further include by
Oil after deodorization carries out refined filtration again after oil is cooled to 30-40 DEG C by heat exchanger, obtains refining vegetable oil.
8. the preparation method of refining vegetable oil according to claim 7, which is characterized in that refined filtration filter essence
Filter, refined filtration filter area are 6-10m2, secondary filter speed is 500-800kg/h.
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