CN109336256B - Half-short-cut nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation serial sewage treatment system and method - Google Patents
Half-short-cut nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation serial sewage treatment system and method Download PDFInfo
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
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- C02F2209/04—Oxidation reduction potential [ORP]
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- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/14—Maintenance of water treatment installations
Abstract
The invention provides a half-short-cut nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation serial sewage treatment system, which comprises a half-short-cut nitrification reactor, a sedimentation tank, a regulating tank, an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor, a water quality monitoring device and an acid-base regulating device; the semi-short distance nitration reactor is a cylindrical reactor with the height-diameter ratio of 10-15, a surface layer aeration head is arranged at the top of the semi-short distance nitration reactor, and the surface layer aeration head is connected with an air pump through an air pipe; the sedimentation tank is a vertical flow sedimentation tank, a hollow fiber membrane component is arranged in the sedimentation tank, and the water outlet end of the hollow fiber membrane component is connected with the regulating tank through a circulating pump outlet pipe. The invention also provides an operation method of the system. The system realizes continuous and stable operation of the half-short-cut nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction, has simple structure, low input cost, simple operation and convenient operation, has the total nitrogen removal rate of the effluent reaching more than 93 percent, and is suitable for popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment containing ammonia and nitrogen, in particular to a half-short-cut nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation serial sewage treatment system and method.
Background
Most of urban domestic sewage in China has low C/N, so that an additional organic carbon source is needed to be added by adopting a biological nitrification-denitrification process, and the operation cost is high. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation process can directly generate nitrogen from ammonia nitrogen and nitrous nitrogen in a certain proportion, and has the advantages of no need of adding an organic carbon source, no need of aeration, no secondary pollution, low operation management cost and the like.
The main directions of the current anaerobic ammonia oxidation research are domestic sewage, landfill leachate, industrial wastewater, sludge supernatant, pharmaceutical wastewater treatment and the like, but nitrous nitrogen in sewage in China is almost absent, and for this reason, many researchers have developed a series of experiments around anaerobic ammonia oxidation, such as short-cut nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation (SHARON-ANAMMOX), limited oxygen autotrophic nitrification-anaerobic denitrification (OLAND), complete autotrophic denitrification process (CANON) and short-cut nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation-denitrification (SNAD). Most researchers put different strains into the same reactor for starting or running, so that an intermediate control link can be omitted. In order to achieve the balance between pH and DO required by the survival of various bacteria, researchers design reactors with larger height-to-diameter ratio or more compartments in the horizontal direction so that different types of bacteria can be distributed in a partitioning way. However, when the reactor is unstable in operation and needs to be remedied, the reactor is difficult to be practically used for various possible reasons and is not easy to be specifically analyzed and solved, and how to organically combine short-cut nitrification reaction and anaerobic ammoxidation reaction is an important research subject in the field.
Short-cut nitrification is a key control process surrounding an ANAMMOX process expansion process, and how to ensure the stability of nitrosation effluent is an important precondition for realizing the organic serial connection of short-cut nitrification reaction and anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction and the stable operation of the ANAMMOX process.
Most of the nitrobacteria are autotrophic bacteria and can adapt to the condition of low C/N wastewater in China. In the common activated sludge, nitrite Oxidizing Bacteria (NOB) are also present besides nitrite bacteria, so that nitrite nitrogen can be effectively converted and accumulated, and the inoculated activated sludge should be firstly present and adapted under the designed domestication device and condition, so that nitrite oxidizing bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and the like are eliminated gradually. Therefore, dissolved Oxygen (DO) in the domestication device needs to be strictly controlled, NOB activity is easily recovered due to excessive dissolved oxygen, and nitrous nitrogen is converted into nitrous nitrogen; the dissolved oxygen is too low, and denitrifying bacteria can proliferate and grow in large quantity. At present, the domesticated nitrobacteria reactor comprises an SBR reactor, a plug flow reactor and the like, but most of the reactors adopt intermittent aeration, so that relevant staff are required to pay close attention to timely aeration of dissolved oxygen in the reactor. When the nitrosation reactor is practically applied, the intermittent aeration not only can bring a burden to a sewage treatment plant, but also has poor process stability, and the situation that the aeration control is improper and the domestication fails is easy to occur. Therefore, it is important to develop a reaction system which is easy to control and can realize continuous and stable operation of short-range digestion and anaerobic ammoxidation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a half-short-cut nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation serial sewage treatment system, which solves the problems of inconvenient operation, poor operation stability and difficult maintenance and remedy of the existing system.
One of the purposes of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a half-short-cut nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation serial sewage treatment system comprises a half-short-cut nitrification reactor, a sedimentation tank, an adjusting tank, an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor, a water quality monitoring device and an acid-base adjusting device;
the semi-short-cut nitrification reactor is a cylindrical reactor with the height-diameter ratio of 10-15, a stirring device is arranged in the cylindrical reactor, the bottom of the semi-short-cut nitrification reactor is connected with a water inlet tank through a water inlet pipe, and the top of the semi-short-cut nitrification reactor is connected with the sedimentation tank through a reactor water outlet pipe; a surface layer aeration head is arranged at the top of the half-shortcut nitrification reactor and is connected with an air pump through an air pipe;
the sedimentation tank is a vertical flow sedimentation tank, a hollow fiber membrane component is arranged in the sedimentation tank, the water outlet end of the hollow fiber membrane component is connected with the regulating tank through a circulating pump outlet pipe, a sludge return pipe is arranged between the sedimentation tank and the top of the half-short-cut nitration reactor, and a sludge return pump is arranged on the sludge return pipe;
the regulating tank is connected with the bottom of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor through a water outlet pipe of the regulating tank, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor is a closed reactor, and a stirring device is arranged in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor;
the water quality monitoring device comprises three groups of water quality monitoring probes and a digital water quality analyzer, each group of water quality monitoring probes comprises a pH probe, a dissolved oxygen probe and an oxidation-reduction potential probe, and the three groups of water quality monitoring probes are respectively arranged at the tops of the half-shortcut nitrification reactor, the regulating tank and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor.
The semi-shortcut nitrification reactor, the regulating tank and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor are respectively connected with the acid-base regulating device through liquid inlet pipes.
An air flow regulating valve and an air flow meter are arranged on an air pipe connected with the surface layer aeration head.
The outside of anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor is equipped with circulation water bath heat preservation cover, circulation water bath heat preservation cover passes through the pipeline and links to each other with digital display circulation heat preservation water tank.
Stirring devices in the half-shortcut nitrification reactor and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor are composed of stirring rods arranged along the axis of the reactor, stirring blades distributed on the stirring rods and a rotating speed controller connected with the stirring rods.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a half-short-cut nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation serial sewage treatment method.
The second purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a half-short-cut nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation serial sewage treatment method comprises the following steps:
a. the sewage treatment system is characterized by comprising a half-short-cut nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation serial sewage treatment system, wherein the half-short-cut nitrification sewage treatment system structurally comprises a half-short-cut nitrification reactor, a sedimentation tank, an adjusting tank, an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor, a water quality monitoring device and an acid-base adjusting device;
the semi-short-cut nitrification reactor is a cylindrical reactor with the height-diameter ratio of 10-15, a stirring device is arranged in the cylindrical reactor, the bottom of the semi-short-cut nitrification reactor is connected with a water inlet tank through a water inlet pipe, and the top of the semi-short-cut nitrification reactor is connected with the sedimentation tank through a reactor water outlet pipe; a surface layer aeration head is arranged at the top of the half-shortcut nitrification reactor and is connected with an air pump through an air pipe;
the sedimentation tank is a vertical flow sedimentation tank, a hollow fiber membrane component is arranged in the sedimentation tank, the water outlet end of the hollow fiber membrane component is connected with the regulating tank through a circulating pump outlet pipe, a sludge return pipe is arranged between the sedimentation tank and the top of the half-short-cut nitration reactor, and a sludge return pump is arranged on the sludge return pipe;
the regulating tank is connected with the bottom of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor through a water outlet pipe of the regulating tank, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor is a closed reactor, and a stirring device is arranged in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor;
the water quality monitoring device comprises three groups of water quality monitoring probes and a digital water quality analyzer, wherein each group of water quality monitoring probes comprises a pH probe, a dissolved oxygen probe and an oxidation-reduction potential probe, and the three groups of water quality monitoring probes are respectively arranged at the tops of the half-shortcut nitrification reactor, the regulating tank and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor;
b. adding activated sludge from an aeration tank of a sewage treatment plant into a half-short-cut nitrification reactor, controlling the MLSS to be 3000-4300 mg/L after adding, and immersing a group of water quality monitoring probes and surface layer aeration heads corresponding to the half-short-cut nitrification reactor into a control section of the half-short-cut nitrification reactor;
c. domestication stage: monitoring the semi-short-cut nitrification reactor by using a water quality monitoring probe of the semi-short-cut nitrification reactor, so that DO of the control section is 0.6-0.7 mg/L, pH is 7.5-8.0, ORP is 10-200 mV, and domesticating the semi-short-cut nitrification reactor in a mode of alternately feeding wastewater with ammonia nitrogen concentration of 150mg/L and ammonia nitrogen concentration of 50mg/L until the ammonia oxidation rate in the semi-short-cut nitrification reactor is more than 70%;
d. the improvement stage: DO of a control section of the half-short-cut nitrification reactor is controlled to be 0.6-0.7 mg/L, pH is controlled to be 7.5-8.0, ORP is controlled to be 10-200 mV, a stirring device is started, wastewater with ammonia nitrogen concentration of 230-270 mg/L is continuously fed to operate, so that the ammonia oxidation rate in the half-short-cut nitrification reactor is more than 80%, DO of the control section of the half-short-cut nitrification reactor is controlled to be 0.4-0.5 mg/L, and stirring is continuously carried out, so that the nitrite nitrogen concentration/ammonia nitrogen concentration of effluent is stabilized at 1.1-1.4;
e. the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor is started in advance: domesticating the activated sludge taken from an aeration tank of a sewage treatment plant in an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor in advance, monitoring the activated sludge by using a water quality monitoring probe of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor, controlling DO of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor to be less than 0.3mg/L, controlling pH to be 8.0-8.5 and ORP to be 10-200 mV, and starting to finish when wastewater with ammonia nitrogen concentration of 110mg/L and nitrite nitrogen concentration of 130mg/L is fed, wherein the total nitrogen removal rate of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor is more than 80%;
f. the half-shortcut nitrification reactor and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor are operated in series: and (3) after passing through a sedimentation tank and an adjusting tank, the effluent of the semi-shortcut nitrification reactor enters an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor to react, in the operation process, DO of a control section of the semi-shortcut nitrification reactor is controlled to be 0.4-0.5 mg/L, pH is controlled to be 7.5-8.0, ORP is controlled to be 10-200 mV, DO of the adjusting tank and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor is controlled to be less than 0.3mg/L, pH is controlled to be 8.0-8.5, and ORP is controlled to be 10-200 mV.
The control section of the semi-shortcut nitrification reactor is within the depth range of 1-2 times of the inner diameter of the reactor from the liquid level.
In the whole starting and running process of the half-short-cut nitrification reactor, the aeration mode adopts an oxygen-limited continuous surface layer aeration mode.
The semi-shortcut nitrification reactor, the regulating tank and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor are respectively connected with the acid-base regulating device through liquid inlet pipes; an air flow regulating valve and an air flow meter are arranged on an air pipe connected with the surface layer aeration head; stirring devices in the half-shortcut nitrification reactor and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor are composed of stirring rods arranged along the axis of the reactor, stirring blades distributed on the stirring rods and a rotating speed controller connected with the stirring rods.
The outside of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor is provided with a circulating water bath heat preservation sleeve, the circulating water bath heat preservation sleeve is connected with a digital display circulating heat preservation water tank through a pipeline, and the temperature of the reactor is controlled to be 30-35 ℃ through the digital display circulating heat preservation water tank in the starting and running processes of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor.
The regulating tank is a closed or semi-closed regulating tank, and DO of the regulating tank can be controlled by nitrogen blowing.
The acid-base regulating device comprises an alkaline buffer solution barrel and an acidic buffer solution barrel, and the semi-shortcut nitrification reactor, the regulating tank and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor are respectively communicated with the alkaline buffer solution barrel and the acidic buffer solution barrel by controlling a liquid inlet pipe through a double-channel peristaltic pump.
The beneficial effects obtained by the invention are as follows:
1) According to the invention, the semi-shortcut nitrification reactor with a specific height-diameter ratio and a special aeration mode are adopted, so that under the condition of continuous aeration, dissolved oxygen in the reactor is distributed in a gradient manner in the vertical direction, the dissolved oxygen is gradually reduced along with the depth of the reactor, the operation and the management of the reactor are more convenient, and the excessive aeration can be effectively reduced and the risk of unstable operation of the reactor is reduced by adopting the surface layer oxygen-limiting aeration mode.
2) Based on the distribution of the dissolved oxygen, the invention is more beneficial to the domestication of the nitrosating bacteria, so that other bacteria are continuously eliminated, and the reactor has short starting time, high efficiency and good running stability.
3) Based on the good water outlet stability and the control convenience of the half-short-cut nitrification reactor, the organic serial connection of the half-short-cut nitrification reactor and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor is realized through the design of a specific regulating tank and the control of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor, a whole sewage treatment system for supplying the water outlet of the half-short-cut nitrification reactor to the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor is successfully started, the total nitrogen removal rate of the water outlet can be stabilized to be more than 93%, the operation is more stable, and the control is more convenient.
4) The invention can reform the existing sewage treatment plant, and has small occupied area and low cost investment.
5) Compared with the traditional nitrification/denitrification biological denitrification technology, the construction area of the invention is saved by more than 50%, the construction cost is saved by more than 30%, the operation cost is saved by more than 30%, the whole process does not need to discharge mud to the outside of the system, and the invention has the characteristics of environmental friendliness and simultaneous economic benefit, is beneficial to improving the sewage treatment efficiency and relieves the water resource shortage problem.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the various indices of the half-shortcut nitrification reactor during startup as a function of time in example 2.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing various indices of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation reactor start-up process of example 2 over time.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the time course of each index of the whole system operation process of example 2.
In the figure: 1. the device comprises a semi-short distance nitration reactor, a vertical flow sedimentation tank, a semi-closed regulating tank, an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor, a water quality monitoring device, a water inlet tank, a surface layer aeration head, an air pump, a sludge reflux pump, a hollow fiber membrane component, a digital display circulation heat preservation water tank and a digital display circulation heat preservation water tank.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the system structure of the invention comprises a half-short-cut nitrification reactor 1, a vertical flow sedimentation tank 2, a half-closed regulating tank 3, an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor 4, a water quality monitoring device 5 and an acid-base regulating device.
The semi-shortcut nitrification reactor 1 is a cylindrical stirring type upflow reactor with the height-diameter ratio of 10-15, a stirring device is arranged in the reactor, the stirring device comprises a stirring rod arranged along the axis of the semi-shortcut nitrification reactor, stirring blades distributed on the stirring rod and a rotating speed controller connected with the stirring rod, and when in operation, the stirring device can be controlled to be at a proper stirring speed through the rotating speed controller.
The bottom of the half-short-cut nitrification reactor 1 is connected with a water inlet tank 6 through a water inlet pipe, the top of the half-short-cut nitrification reactor 1 is connected with a vertical flow sedimentation tank 2 through a reactor water outlet pipe, a surface layer aeration head 7 is arranged at the top of the half-short-cut nitrification reactor 1, the surface layer aeration head 7 is connected with an air pump 8 through an air pipe, and an air flow regulating valve and an air flow meter are arranged on the air pipe.
A sludge reflux pipe is arranged between the vertical flow sedimentation tank 2 and the top of the half-short-cut nitrification reactor 1, and a sludge reflux pump 9 is arranged on the sludge reflux pipe. A hollow fiber membrane component 10 is arranged in the vertical flow sedimentation tank 2, and the water outlet end of the hollow fiber membrane component 10 is connected with the semi-closed type regulating tank 3 through a circulating pump outlet pipe.
Hollow fiber membrane module 10:
film material: polyvinylidene fluoride composite membranes (PVDF); film form: curtain type hollow fiber membrane (with lining); membrane wire pore diameter: 0.05mm; inner diameter and outer diameter of membrane yarn: 1.0/2.2mm; tensile breaking strength of film yarn: more than or equal to 400N; design pH operating range: 2 to 12; residual chlorine tolerance concentration: 3000mg/l; temperature range: 5-40 ℃; type of filtration: external pressure suction type; membrane element (diaphragm) model: MW16b; membrane element dimensions: l W h=1630 x 610 x 50mm; sealing material of the membrane element: polyurethane/epoxy; membrane element area: 16m2; total number of membrane elements: 32 tablets; total effective membrane area: 512m2; the operation mode is as follows: intermittently producing water; maintenance cleaning time interval: 3.5d; the maintenance cleaning time is 40min.
The semi-closed regulating tank 3 is connected with the bottom of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor 4 through a water outlet pipe of the regulating tank, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor 4 is a closed reactor, a stirring device is arranged in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor, the stirring device comprises a stirring rod arranged along the axis of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor, stirring blades distributed on the stirring rod and a rotating speed controller connected with the stirring rod, and when the stirring device is operated, the stirring device can be controlled to a proper stirring speed through the rotating speed controller according to the need. Anaerobic ammoxidation reactor 4 may employ a reactor with a larger height to diameter ratio to facilitate maintaining the internal dissolved oxygen at a lower level, and semi-enclosed regulating tank 3 may be configured with nitrogen sparger or otherwise reduce its dissolved oxygen.
The water quality monitoring device 5 comprises three groups of water quality monitoring probes and a digital water quality analyzer, each group of water quality monitoring probes comprises a pH probe, a dissolved oxygen probe and an oxidation-reduction potential probe, and the three groups of water quality monitoring probes are respectively arranged at the tops of the half-shortcut nitrification reactor 1, the half-closed type regulating tank 3 and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor 4. Among them, in the half-short-cut nitration reactor 1, the pH probe, the dissolved oxygen probe, and the oxidation-reduction potential probe are preferably identical in height with the surface aeration head. During operation, each probe and the surface aeration head are immersed in a depth range which is 1-2 times the inner diameter of the half-short-cut nitrification reactor 1 from the liquid level.
The semi-short-cut nitrification reactor 1, the semi-closed regulating tank 3 and the anaerobic ammoxidation reactor 4 are respectively connected with an acid-base regulating device through liquid inlet pipes. The acid-base regulating device comprises an alkaline buffer solution barrel and an acidic buffer solution barrel, and the semi-short-cut nitrification reactor, the semi-closed regulating tank and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor are respectively communicated with the alkaline buffer solution barrel and the acidic buffer solution barrel by controlling a liquid inlet pipe through a double-channel peristaltic pump. The invention adjusts the pH change caused by the life activities of microorganisms in the reactor through alkaline buffer solution and acidic buffer solution.
The outside of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor 4 is provided with a circulating water bath heat preservation sleeve, the circulating water bath heat preservation sleeve is connected with a digital display circulating heat preservation water tank 11 through a pipeline, and the temperature of the reactor can be controlled through the digital display circulating heat preservation water tank 11.
When DO in both reactors is too high for a long time, a nitrogen sparger may be used to reduce dissolved oxygen.
Example 2
The invention relates to a method for accumulating nitrite nitrogen in a short-cut nitrification process, which comprises the following steps:
a. the above system for accumulating nitrous nitrogen was set, wherein the half-shortcut nitrification reactor had a height of 115cm and an inner diameter of 9.5cm.
b. Activated sludge from an aeration tank of a sewage treatment plant in baoding city is added into a half-shortcut nitrification reactor, MLSS is 4189mg/L after the activated sludge is added, and a surface aeration head, a pH probe, a dissolved oxygen probe and an oxidation-reduction potential probe are immersed at a position 17cm below the liquid level (namely, in a control section, the control section of the reactor is in a depth range of 9.5-19 cm from the liquid level).
c. Domestication stage: DO at the dissolved oxygen probe is controlled to be 0.6-0.7 mg/L, pH is controlled to be 7.5-8.5, ORP is controlled to be 10-200 mV, temperature is normal temperature (25-30 ℃), and domestication is carried out in a mode that wastewater with ammonia nitrogen concentration of 150mg/L and ammonia nitrogen concentration of 50mg/L alternately enters water until ammonia oxidation rate in the half-short-cut nitrification reactor is more than 70%; this stage requires approximately 30-50 d;
wherein the water inflow is artificial simulated wastewater, and the composition is (mg/L) KH 2 PO 4 0.09，K 2 HPO 4 0.07，MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O 0.04，CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O0.03, EDTA 0.02; microelement composition (g/L) FeCl 3 ·6H 2 O 1.5，H 3 BO 4 0.15，CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O 0.03，KI 0.03，MnCl 2 ·4H 2 O 0.12，NaMoO 4 ·2H 2 O 0.06，CoCl 2 ·2H 2 O0.15. The microelements are added into the water distribution according to the ratio of 1 mL/L. NH (NH) 4 The initial concentration of Cl is 50mg/L, the dissolved oxygen of the inlet water is 8-9 mg/L, and the concentration of the added ammonia nitrogen is different according to the different operation modes of the reaction.
d. The improvement stage: DO at the dissolved oxygen probe is controlled to be 0.6-0.7 mg/L, pH is controlled to be 7.5-8.0, ORP is controlled to be 10-200 mV, temperature is normal temperature (25-30 ℃), a stirring device is started, wastewater with ammonia nitrogen concentration of 250mg/L is continuously fed to operate, so that the ammoxidation rate in the half-short-cut nitrification reactor is more than 80%, DO of the half-short-cut nitrification reactor is controlled to be 0.4-0.5 mg/L, and stirring is continuously carried out, so that the nitrite nitrogen concentration/ammonia nitrogen concentration of effluent is stabilized at 1.1-1.4; this stage requires approximately 30d.
The steps c and d can be operated in a continuous aeration mode, DO at the dissolved oxygen probe is maintained in a limited range by adjusting an air flow regulating valve, DO continuously drops along with the increase of the depth of the reactor, a Hash dissolved oxygen meter is adopted in table 1 when DO at the dissolved oxygen probe is controlled to be 0.6-0.7 mg/L, the measured dissolved oxygen distribution condition is adopted in table 2 when DO at the dissolved oxygen probe is controlled to be 0.4-0.5 mg/L, and the measured dissolved oxygen distribution condition is known from the table, and in the operation process, the dissolved oxygen is automatically distributed without continuously paying attention to and regulating DO by staff.
Table 1:
table 2:
in the domestication process, the surface aeration of the upper layer (0-20 cm) belongs to an aerobic zone, the middle layer (20-70 cm) is an anoxic zone, and the lower layer (below 70 cm) is an anaerobic zone, wherein a water outlet pipe and a sludge return pipe of the reactor correspond to the aerobic zone, and a water inlet pipe corresponds to the anaerobic zone. The activity of nitrite oxidizing bacteria can be well controlled not to be affected when the dissolved oxygen in the middle-lower layer is dissolved, the activity of nitrite oxidizing bacteria is inhibited due to the reduction of the dissolved oxygen in the reactor, the nitrite oxidizing bacteria can be screened out after a period of elimination and domestication, the nitrite oxidizing bacteria are eliminated, and the nitrite oxidizing bacteria are also continuously eliminated due to continuous aeration.
e. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor is started in advance: the reactor was 15cm in height, 10cm in inner diameter and about 1L in effective volume. The reactor is internally provided with a stirring device, and the rotating speed is set to be 30r/min. The temperature of the circulating water bath incubator is set to 35 ℃.
Domestication stage: adding activated sludge from an aeration tank of a sewage treatment plant into an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor, wherein after the activated sludge is added, MLSS is 3000-4000mg/L, monitoring the activated sludge by using a water quality monitoring probe of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor, controlling DO of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor to be less than 0.3mg/L, pH to be 8.0-8.5, ORP to be 10-200 mV, and domesticating anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria in the activated sludge by using wastewater with ammonia nitrogen concentration of 50mg/L and nitrous nitrogen concentration of 66mg/L to ensure that the total nitrogen removal rate of the reactor is more than 80 percent;
the improvement stage: the wastewater with ammonia nitrogen concentration of 110mg/L and nitrite nitrogen concentration of 130mg/L is fed, the same domestication stage is controlled, the total nitrogen removal rate of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor reaches more than 80%, and the starting is completed.
Wherein, the water inflow is artificial simulated wastewater, and the composition is (g/L): KH (KH) 2 PO 4 0.025，CaCl 2 ·2H 2 O 0.3，MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O 0.2，FeSO 4 0.006 25，KHCO 3 1.25,EDTA 0.00625 and 1.25m L/L of microelement liquid. The trace element liquid comprises the following components (g/L): EDTA 15, znSO 4 ·7H 2 O 0.43，NaSeO 4 ·10H 2 O 0.21，H 3 BO 4 0.014，CoCl 2 ·6H 2 O 0.24，MnCl 2 ·4H 2 O 0.99，CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O 0.25，NaMoO 4 ·2H 2 O 0.22，NiCl 2 ·2H 2 O0.19 and NaWO 4 ·2H 2 O0.050. Wherein NH is 4 Cl，NaNO 2 As a main inorganic nitrogen source provider of anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria, the post-preparation concentration is proportionally increased.
f. The half-shortcut nitrification reactor and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor are operated in series: and (3) after passing through a sedimentation tank and an adjusting tank, the effluent of the semi-shortcut nitrification reactor enters an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor to react, in the operation process, DO of a control section of the semi-shortcut nitrification reactor is controlled to be 0.4-0.5 mg/L, pH is controlled to be 7.5-8.0, ORP is controlled to be 10-200 mV, DO of the adjusting tank and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor is controlled to be less than 0.3mg/L, pH is controlled to be 8.0-8.5, and ORP is controlled to be 10-200 mV.
Monitoring various indexes in the starting and running processes of the whole system, referring to figures 1-3, delivering activated sludge in a short-cut nitrosation reactor and an anaerobic ammoxidation reactor to a microorganism identification company for 16S rRNA identification, wherein nitrosations in the short-cut nitrosation reactor are mainly nitrosation monads (Nitrosomanas), and the relative abundance is 11.86%; the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor are mainly bacteria_enrichment_culture_clone_Anamox_2 and candidatus_Kuendenia, and the relative abundance is 2.35% and 1.74% respectively. In the anaerobic ammoxidation reactor, the relative abundance of nitromonas (Nitrosomanas) was 0.56%. See in particular tables 3 and 4.
The detection method comprises the following steps:
detecting NH4+ -N by adopting a Nahner reagent spectrophotometry; NO2- -N adopts N- (1 naphthyl) -ethylenediamine spectrophotometry; NO3- -N adopts ultraviolet spectrophotometry; the MLSS was gravimetric. pH, DO, ORP the monitoring was performed using a hash portable pH meter, a hash portable oximeter, and a hash ORP meter, respectively.
As can be seen from FIG. 1, in 1-60d, the ammonia oxidation rate is improved by adopting a high-low ammonia nitrogen method, namely, ammonia nitrogen with different concentrations is alternately fed into water by adopting the high-low ammonia nitrogen method, so as to stimulate and improve the activity of ammonia oxidizing bacteria; in 61-194d, high ammonia nitrogen water inflow is adopted and surface layer oxygen limiting aeration is implemented, so that the accumulation amount of nitrite nitrogen is further improved. The ammonia nitrogen water concentration of 1-50d is greater than the water inlet concentration, which is probably due to the fact that part of microorganisms cannot adapt to autolysis phenomenon in the experimental conditions. From the above graph, ammonia nitrogen effluent is continuously reduced from 1 d to 60d, the ammonia oxidation rate is gradually increased, the reactor is operated to 60d, the ammonia oxidation rate is increased to 83%, and the fact that part of microorganisms are gradually eliminated and the other part of microorganisms start to adapt to and survive in the nitrosation reactor is indicated.
As can be seen from FIG. 2, the anaerobic ammoxidation reactor was operated to 196d, the total nitrogen removal efficiency of the reactor was increased to 97%, and the total nitrogen concentration of the effluent was 6.75mg/l, so that the anaerobic ammoxidation reactor was able to receive ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in the effluent of the nitrosation reactor. As can be seen from fig. 3, the total nitrogen removal rate after the series connection can be stabilized to 93% or more.
TABLE 3 Table 3
| Microorganism species designation for half-short-cut nitration reactor | Relative abundance of |
| Nitrospira | 0.263498 |
| Nitrosomonas | 0.118452 |
| SM1A02 | 0.072692 |
| Thermomonas | 0.032969 |
| Bdellovibrio | 0.000295 |
| Denitratisoma | 0.000464 |
| Ferruginibacter | 0.000633 |
| Afipia | 0.004812 |
TABLE 4 Table 4
| Anaerobic ammoxidation reactorMicroorganism species name | Relative abundance of |
| enrichment_culture_clone_Anammox_2 | 0.0234872 |
| Candidatus_Kuenenia | 0.017398 |
| Limnobacter | 0.0311424 |
| Rivibacter | 0.0048366 |
| Denitratisoma | 0.0200425 |
| Methylobacterium | 0.0042799 |
| Thauera | 0.0079335 |
| Acinetobacter | 0.017398 |
Comparative example 1
The test device consists of a plug flow type reactor and a vertical flow type secondary sedimentation tank. Wherein the plug flow type reactor is divided into 4 isovolumetric cells, and the total volume is 1.2m 3 (2.0mX0.6mX1.0m), adjacent cells are separated by stainless steel plate, and diversion holes are arranged to prevent back mixing, and ensure hydraulic conditions of plug flow formed during continuous flow operation. The secondary sedimentation tank is made of organic glass, and the total volume is 300L. Influent water and sludge returnThe peristaltic pump is adopted, the liquid rotameter is used for marking the flow, and each cell is provided with an independent gas flowmeter, so that the aeration rate of each cell can be flexibly controlled according to the requirement.
The reactor is provided with two agitators, which can be arranged in different cells as required. The inoculated sludge is nitrified sludge at the tail end of an aeration tank of a sewage plant, and the nitrifying performance is good. The inoculation sludge amount is 600L, the sludge concentration is 6 650mg/L, the MLSS in the reactor after inoculation is 3 500mg/L, the water discharged from the A/O dephosphorization process is used as raw water to run continuously for 3 months, the nitrite nitrogen accumulation is very little, the nitrosation start cannot be realized, and the MLSS is reduced to about 2 750 mg/L. To start short-cut nitrification faster, the water is added (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 The average concentration of ammonia nitrogen is 300mg/L, and the nitrified sludge is acclimatized by adopting an SBR operation mode, and the nitrified sludge comprises five stages of water inlet (0.5 h), aeration, precipitation (1 h), water discharge (1 h) and idling, and is operated for two cycles every day. NO was found in the early stage －2 When the nitrosation rate exceeds 90%, directly taking the A/O process effluent as raw water, and still adopting the SBR mode to operate, so that the short-cut nitrified sludge is gradually adapted to lower ammonia nitrogen concentration, and finally is converted into low ammonia nitrogen continuous flow operation, the aeration rate, DO, HRT and other parameters of each cell are gradually adjusted, and the effluent NO is controlled －2 －N/NH +4 The value of N stabilizes around 1.0, providing suitable feed water for subsequent ANAMMOX.
As can be seen from example 2 and comparative example 1, the half-shortcut nitrification reactor of example 2 employs surface aeration, and continuous aeration provides continuous and proper amount of dissolved oxygen to the activated sludge in the reactor, and the reactor does not need to continuously pay attention to the change of the dissolved oxygen in the reactor during the operation process. Compared with the comparative example 1, the invention has the advantages of greatly facilitating operation and maintenance, has strong stability, is convenient for large-scale application, does not need continuous attention of staff and adjustment of reactor parameters, and has important significance for stabilizing the short-cut nitrification of the sewage containing ammonia and nitrogen.
Claims (2)
1. A half-short-cut nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation serial sewage treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. the sewage treatment system is characterized by comprising a half-short-cut nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation serial sewage treatment system, wherein the half-short-cut nitrification sewage treatment system structurally comprises a half-short-cut nitrification reactor, a sedimentation tank, an adjusting tank, an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor, a water quality monitoring device and an acid-base adjusting device;
the semi-short-cut nitrification reactor is a cylindrical reactor with the height-diameter ratio of 10-15, a stirring device is arranged in the cylindrical reactor, the bottom of the semi-short-cut nitrification reactor is connected with a water inlet tank through a water inlet pipe, and the top of the semi-short-cut nitrification reactor is connected with the sedimentation tank through a reactor water outlet pipe; a surface layer aeration head is arranged at the top of the half-shortcut nitrification reactor and is connected with an air pump through an air pipe;
the sedimentation tank is a vertical flow sedimentation tank, a hollow fiber membrane component is arranged in the sedimentation tank, the water outlet end of the hollow fiber membrane component is connected with the regulating tank through a circulating pump outlet pipe, a sludge return pipe is arranged between the sedimentation tank and the top of the half-short-cut nitration reactor, and a sludge return pump is arranged on the sludge return pipe;
the regulating tank is connected with the bottom of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor through a water outlet pipe of the regulating tank, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor is a closed reactor, and a stirring device is arranged in the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor;
the water quality monitoring device comprises three groups of water quality monitoring probes and a digital water quality analyzer, wherein each group of water quality monitoring probes comprises a pH probe, a dissolved oxygen probe and an oxidation-reduction potential probe, and the three groups of water quality monitoring probes are respectively arranged at the tops of the half-shortcut nitrification reactor, the regulating tank and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor;
b. adding activated sludge from an aeration tank of a sewage treatment plant into a half-short-cut nitrification reactor, controlling the MLSS to be 3000-4300 mg/L after adding, and immersing a group of water quality monitoring probes and surface layer aeration heads corresponding to the half-short-cut nitrification reactor into a control section of the half-short-cut nitrification reactor;
c. domestication stage: monitoring the semi-short-cut nitrification reactor by using a water quality monitoring probe of the semi-short-cut nitrification reactor, so that DO of the control section is 0.6-0.7 mg/L, pH is 7.5-8.0, ORP is 10-200 mV, and domesticating the wastewater in a mode of alternately feeding water in which the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 150mg/L and the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 50mg/L until the ammonia oxidation rate in the semi-short-cut nitrification reactor is more than 70%;
d. the improvement stage: controlling DO of a control section of the half-short-cut nitrification reactor to be 0.6-0.7 mg/L, pH to be 7.5-8.0, ORP to be 10-200 mV, starting a stirring device, running in a mode of continuously feeding wastewater with ammonia nitrogen concentration of 230-270 mg/L to ensure that the ammonia oxidation rate in the half-short-cut nitrification reactor is more than 80%, and then controlling DO of the control section of the half-short-cut nitrification reactor to be 0.4-0.5 mg/L, and continuously stirring to ensure that the nitrite nitrogen concentration/ammonia nitrogen concentration of effluent is stabilized at 1.1-1.4;
in the whole starting and running process of the half-shortcut nitrification reactor, the aeration mode adopts an oxygen-limited continuous surface layer aeration mode;
e. the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor is started in advance: domesticating the activated sludge taken from an aeration tank of a sewage treatment plant in an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor in advance, monitoring the activated sludge by using a water quality monitoring probe of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor, controlling DO of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor to be less than 0.3mg/L, controlling pH to be 8.0-8.5 and ORP to be 10-200 mV, and starting to finish when wastewater with ammonia nitrogen concentration of 110mg/L and nitrite nitrogen concentration of 130mg/L is fed, wherein the total nitrogen removal rate of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor is more than 80%;
f. the half-shortcut nitrification reactor and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor are operated in series: and (3) after passing through a sedimentation tank and an adjusting tank, the effluent of the semi-shortcut nitrification reactor enters an anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor to react, in the operation process, DO of a control section of the semi-shortcut nitrification reactor is controlled to be 0.4-0.5 mg/L, pH is controlled to be 7.5-8.0, ORP is controlled to be 10-200 mV, DO of the adjusting tank and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor is controlled to be less than 0.3mg/L, pH is controlled to be 8.0-8.5, and ORP is controlled to be 10-200 mV.
2. The method for treating sewage by semi-shortcut nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation series connection according to claim 1, wherein the control section of the semi-shortcut nitrification reactor is within a depth range of 1-2 times of the inner diameter of the reactor from the liquid surface.
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