CN109336122A - A kind of preparation method of alumina silicate - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of alumina silicate Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109336122A
CN109336122A CN201811487477.1A CN201811487477A CN109336122A CN 109336122 A CN109336122 A CN 109336122A CN 201811487477 A CN201811487477 A CN 201811487477A CN 109336122 A CN109336122 A CN 109336122A
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silicate
aluminum
soluble
alumina silicate
preparation
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CN109336122B (en
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王栋民
张川川
杨国武
王璜琪
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China University of Mining and Technology Beijing CUMTB
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B33/00Silicon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B33/20Silicates
    • C01B33/26Aluminium-containing silicates, i.e. silico-aluminates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/01Particle morphology depicted by an image
    • C01P2004/03Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/30Particle morphology extending in three dimensions
    • C01P2004/32Spheres
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/60Particles characterised by their size
    • C01P2004/61Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of alumina silicate, comprising: is preferably added drop-wise in the solution containing dispersing agent soluble silicate addition, forms mixed liquor;Aluminum soluble salt is added and is preferably added drop-wise in mixed liquor obtained, to react with the soluble silicate, generates alumina silicate.Preparation process of the present invention is simple, process economics environmental protection, and silicic acid aluminium particle size obtained is smaller, dispersed preferable.

Description

A kind of preparation method of alumina silicate
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation fields of material, and in particular to a kind of preparation method of alumina silicate.
Background technique
Alumina silicate is a kind of silicate, chemical formula Al2SiO5, since its structure is extremely complex, often do not write as salt Form but the form for being write as the respective oxide of metal, i.e. Al2O3·SiO2.The density of alumina silicate is 2.8 to 2.9 grams/cubes Centimetre, refractive index 1.56, Mohs' hardness and ore type, water content have relationship, change between 4.5 to 7.5.
Alumina silicate industrially has and has been widely used.For example, alumina silicate can be used for glass, pottery, pigment and oil The filler of paint;And be also the ideal substitute of the titanium dioxide and high grade kaolinite in coating, oil is widely used in pigment cooperation Paint, leather, printing and dyeing, ink, papermaking, plastics, rubber etc.;Alumina silicate can also be used to make fire resistant sound-insulating and heat-insulating Cotton, plate, pipe, seam felt, fire-proof insulation cloth, high temperature resistant paper, fire resistant heat preserving rope, band, fireproof heat insulating needle punched blanket (get rid of silk, blowing), Inorganic fireproof decoration plate, inorganic fireproof rolling curtain etc.;Alumina silicate also acts as the filler of adhesive and sealant, can be improved Hardness, whiteness, wearability, weatherability, storage stability.
Existing alumina silicate preparation method is mostly by getting rid of Si Fa or blowing process, and the alumina silicate of these methods preparation is in fiber Shape, therefore lead to alumina silicate obtained there are length uneven, the defects of dispersibility is poor.
Summary of the invention
In view of above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation sides of alumina silicate Method, by being preferably added drop-wise to soluble silicate addition in the solution containing dispersing agent, formation mixed liquor, then by aluminum soluble salt It is added and is preferably added drop-wise in mixed liquor obtained, so that alumina silicate obtained is free of fibrous structure, good dispersion and particle It spends small.
One aspect of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of alumina silicate, comprising:
A part of soluble silicate or the soluble silicate is added and is preferably added drop-wise to the solution containing dispersing agent In, form mixed liquor;
Preferred be added dropwise is added in the remainder of aluminum soluble salt or the aluminum soluble salt and the soluble silicate Into mixed liquor obtained, so that the aluminum soluble salt be made to react with the soluble silicate, alumina silicate is generated.
Present inventor it has been investigated that, soluble silicate is added and is preferably added drop-wise to the solution containing dispersing agent In, the dispersibility of soluble silicate in a solvent on the one hand can be improved, when thus instilling aluminum soluble salt again, mensuration dissolubility silicic Salt can come into full contact with aluminum soluble salt, and then sufficiently react under conditions of high degree of dispersion, eventually lead to obtained Alumina silicate is free of fibrous structure, and dispersibility is preferably and granularity is smaller;On the other hand because solution in contained it is enough can Soluble silicate can make aluminum soluble salt react immediately with soluble silicate, avoid the generation of flocculation reaction.
According to the present invention, in actual operation, in order to reduce the duration of reaction, reaction efficiency is improved, it preferably will be a part of Soluble silicate addition is preferably added drop-wise in the solution containing dispersing agent, forms mixed liquor;Later again by the solvable of remainder Property silicate be added and be preferably added drop-wise in mixed liquor obtained together with aluminum soluble salt, to be sent out with the soluble silicate Raw reaction, generates alumina silicate.
According to the present invention, aluminum soluble salt is added and is preferably added drop-wise in mixed liquor obtained, thus with the solubility Silicate reacts, and generates the suspension containing alumina silicate.Then it is washed using deionized water or anhydrous methanol or dehydrated alcohol Wash suspension obtained, and 60 DEG C -110 DEG C at a temperature of by the dry 12h-16h of suspension after washing, solid silicic acid is made Aluminium.
, according to the invention it is preferred to which under stirring conditions, soluble silicate addition is preferably added drop-wise to containing dispersing agent In solution, and/or aluminum soluble salt is added and is preferably added drop-wise in mixed liquor obtained;It is highly preferred that passing through high-speed stirred paddle The stirring operation is carried out, most preferably, the revolving speed of high-speed stirred paddle is 900-1100rpm;It is highly preferred that passing through peristaltic pump reality The existing dropwise operation, most preferably, the liquid speed degree that goes out of peristaltic pump is 0.5-3g/min.
According to the present invention, the solution containing soluble silicate and the solution containing aluminum soluble salt can be with identical liquid speeds out Degree is added dropwise, and can also be added dropwise with the different liquid speed degree that goes out, is preferably added dropwise with the different liquid speed degree that goes out.
, according to the invention it is preferred to continue to stir after aluminum soluble salt to be added to preferred be added drop-wise in mixed liquor obtained 5h-20h, so that reaction is more abundant.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the dispersing agent be selected from Sodium Polyacrylate, ammonium polyacrylate and At least one of calgon;Preferably, the dispersing agent is Sodium Polyacrylate.
According to the present invention, above-mentioned specific dispersing agent, especially Sodium Polyacrylate, due to it with good water-soluble and Biggish polarity can form soluble chain anion in conjunction with aluminum soluble salt, to be adsorbed in alumina silicate solid particle Surface increases the charge of the solid particles surface of cohesion, improves the intergranular repulsive force for forming steric hindrance, improves poly- third The dispersibility of olefin(e) acid sodium.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the soluble silicate is selected from potassium silicate, sodium metasilicate and silicon At least one of sour ammonium;Preferably, the soluble silicate is sodium metasilicate.
According to the present invention, potassium silicate, sodium metasilicate and ammonium silicate can be using any common forms, such as sodium metasilicate can be with Using anhydrous sodium metasilicate, SODIUM METASILICATE PENTAHYDRATE, sodium silicate nanahydrate or waterglass.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the aluminum soluble salt is selected from aluminium chloride, aluminum sulfate, aluminum nitrate At least one of with aluminium sulfide;Preferably, the aluminum soluble salt is aluminum sulfate.
According to the present invention, aluminium chloride, aluminum sulfate, aluminum nitrate and aluminium sulfide can be using any common forms, such as sulphur Sour aluminium can use anhydrous slufuric acid aluminium or Patent alum.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the mass ratio of the soluble silicate and the dispersing agent is (2-10): 1, preferably (3-8): 1;And/or the mass ratio of the soluble silicate and the aluminum soluble salt is (1-3): 1, preferably (1.8-2.3): 1.
According to the present invention, when the mass ratio and/or the mensuration dissolubility silicic of the soluble silicate and the dispersing agent When the mass ratio of salt and the aluminum soluble salt is in above-mentioned specific range, it help to obtain that dispersion degree is good, granularity is smaller Alumina silicate.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, in the solution containing dispersing agent, the concentration of dispersing agent is 5%-30%, preferably 10%-15%.
According to the present invention, in the solution of the dispersing agent, solvent is alcohol organic solvent or water, preferably water;Wherein, institute It states alcohols organic solution and is selected from C1-C5It is at least one of alcohol, preferably methanol, ethyl alcohol, normal propyl alcohol, isopropanol, n-butanol, secondary At least one of butanol, the tert-butyl alcohol, isobutanol and n-amyl alcohol.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, soluble silicate is dissolved in the preferred water of solvent and forms silicate It is added to after solution in the solution containing dispersing agent;And/or aluminum soluble salt is dissolved in the preferred water of solvent and forms aluminum salt solution After be added in the mixed liquor.
According to the present invention, 20 DEG C -35 DEG C at a temperature of, preferably that soluble silicate is dissolved in solvent at room temperature is preferred Water forms silicate solutions;And/or 40 DEG C -80 DEG C, preferably 50 DEG C -65 DEG C at a temperature of that aluminum soluble salt is dissolved in solvent is excellent It selects water to form aluminum salt solution, the aluminum salt solution of formation is more preferably kept the temperature into 0.5h-2h.
According to the present invention, dissolution operation is carried out within the said temperature range is conducive to soluble silicate and aluminum soluble salt It is abundant dissolution and in the subsequent use process keep stablize.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, in the silicate solutions, the concentration of silicate is 10%- 45%, preferably 25%-30%;And/or in the aluminum salt solution, the concentration of aluminium salt is 5%-35%, preferably 15%- 20%.
According to the present invention, it when the concentration of the concentration and aluminium salt of silicate is in above-mentioned specific range, help to obtain point Divergence is good, the lesser alumina silicate of granularity.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of alumina silicate according to made from above-mentioned preparation method, and the alumina silicate is without fibre Tie up shape structure, it is preferable that the alumina silicate has spherical or spherical structure.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the partial size of the alumina silicate is 500nm-6000nm, preferably 500nm-1500nm。
In the present invention, unless stated otherwise, " water " refers to that deionized water, room temperature refer to 25 DEG C.
The preparation method preparation process of alumina silicate provided by the present invention is simple, process economics environmental protection, and silicic acid obtained Aluminum shot diameter is in 5000nm hereinafter, most of spherical in shape or spherical structure.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows be alumina silicate made from embodiment 1 SEM picture.
What Fig. 2 was indicated is the SEM picture of alumina silicate made from embodiment 2.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail by the following examples, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to down state It is bright.
To alumina silicate prepared by embodiment 1-10, comparative example 1, is tested and analyzed in accordance with the following methods.
The partial size of alumina silicate: alumina silicate suspension obtained is tested using laser particle analyzer, to determine alumina silicate Partial size.
The scanning electron microscope (SEM) of alumina silicate is tested: by alumina silicate hanging drop, natural air drying is laggard on copper sheet Row SEM observation, to obtain SEM picture.
The instrument used in following embodiment 1-10, comparative example 1 includes but is not limited to:
Electric blender, Shanghai Si Le Instrument Ltd., model: HD2010W;
Laser particle analyzer, Horiba, model SZ-100Z;
Scanning electron microscope, Jeol Ltd., model JSM-6700F.
The reagent used in following embodiment 1-10, comparative example 1 includes but is not limited to:
Nine water sodium metasilicate, Shanghai Mike's woods biochemical technology Co., Ltd;
Aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate, Shanghai Mike's woods biochemical technology Co., Ltd;
Sodium Polyacrylate, Shanghai Mike's woods biochemical technology Co., Ltd.
Embodiment 1
80g aqueous sodium polyacrylate (mass fraction of Sodium Polyacrylate is 6%) is prepared, and places it in three-necked flask In, as bottom material;
Nine water sodium metasilicate of 39.1g is dissolved in 20g deionized water at room temperature, 59.1g sodium silicate solution (silicic acid is made 28%) mass fraction of sodium is;
Under 60 DEG C of water bath condition, 19.46g aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate is dissolved in 40g deionized water and to keep the temperature 1 small When 59.46g aluminum sulfate solution (mass fraction of aluminum sulfate be 16.8%) is made;
Then under stirring conditions (revolving speed of high-speed stirred paddle is 1000rpm), use peristaltic pump with 0.66g/min's Sodium silicate solution obtained is added drop-wise in aqueous sodium polyacrylate by rate, and the suspension containing sodium metasilicate and Sodium Polyacrylate is made Liquid;Use peristaltic pump that aluminum sulfate solution obtained is added drop-wise in suspension obtained with the rate of 0.99g/min again later, Continue to stir 12h after being added dropwise to complete, suspension (wherein, the matter of nine water sodium metasilicate and Sodium Polyacrylate containing alumina silicate is made Amount is than being 8:1;Nine water sodium metasilicate and aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate mass ratio are 2:1);
Later using the alumina silicate suspension of methanol washing preparation, then the dry 12h at 70 DEG C, alumina silicate is made.
After tested, the partial size of alumina silicate obtained is 1000nm-1100nm.By the suspension obtained containing alumina silicate in room Temperature is lower to be stood, and has been observed that 5mL supernatant is precipitated after 28 days, has been shown the favorable dispersibility of alumina silicate, the suspension of alumina silicate It is more stable.
Embodiment 2
240g aqueous sodium polyacrylate (mass fraction of Sodium Polyacrylate is 13%) is prepared, and places it in three mouthfuls of burnings In bottle, as bottom material;
Nine water sodium metasilicate of 117.31g is dissolved in 60g deionized water at room temperature, 177.31g sodium silicate solution is made (mass fraction of sodium metasilicate is 28%);
Under 65 DEG C of water bath condition, 58.38g aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate is dissolved in 120g deionized water and keeps the temperature 1 178.38 aluminum sulfate solutions is made in hour (mass fraction of aluminum sulfate is 16.8%);
Then under stirring conditions (revolving speed of high-speed stirred paddle is 1000rpm), use peristaltic pump with 1.97g/min's Sodium silicate solution obtained is added drop-wise in aqueous sodium polyacrylate by rate, and after 0.5h is added dropwise, being added dropwise, sodium metasilicate is molten It uses peristaltic pump that aluminum sulfate solution obtained is added dropwise with the rate of 2.97g/min while liquid, continues to stir after being added dropwise to complete 12h is mixed, the suspension containing alumina silicate is made, and (wherein, the mass ratio of nine water sodium metasilicate and Sodium Polyacrylate is 3.75:1;Nine water silicons Sour sodium and aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate mass ratio are 2:1);
The alumina silicate suspension that preparation is washed with deionized is adopted later, then the dry 18h at 105 DEG C, alumina silicate is made.
After tested, the partial size of alumina silicate obtained is 900nm-1000nm.By the suspension obtained containing alumina silicate in room Temperature is lower to be stood, and is not observed the phenomenon that supernatant is precipitated after 28 days, is shown the good dispersion of alumina silicate, the suspension of alumina silicate Stablize.
Embodiment 3
Alumina silicate is prepared according to the same manner as in Example 2, the difference is that only the mass fraction of Sodium Polyacrylate It is 20%, after tested, the partial size of alumina silicate obtained is 2400nm.Suspension obtained containing alumina silicate is quiet at room temperature It sets, has observed that 3mL supernatant is precipitated after 28 days, shown that the favorable dispersibility of alumina silicate, the suspension of alumina silicate are more stable.
Embodiment 4
Alumina silicate is prepared according to the same manner as in Example 2, the difference is that only the mass fraction of Sodium Polyacrylate It is 25%, after tested, the partial size of alumina silicate obtained is 3000nm.Suspension obtained containing alumina silicate is quiet at room temperature It sets, has observed that 1mL supernatant is precipitated after 28 days, shown that the favorable dispersibility of alumina silicate, the suspension of alumina silicate are more stable.
Embodiment 5
Alumina silicate is prepared according to the same manner as in Example 1, the difference is that only the mass fraction of Sodium Polyacrylate It is 30%, after tested, the partial size of alumina silicate obtained is 5000nm.Suspension obtained containing alumina silicate is quiet at room temperature It sets, has observed that 1mL supernatant is precipitated after 28 days, shown that the favorable dispersibility of alumina silicate, the suspension of alumina silicate are more stable.
Embodiment 6
Alumina silicate is prepared according to the same manner as in Example 2, the difference is that only nine water sodium metasilicate and polyacrylic acid The mass ratio of sodium is that 4:1 generates more aluminum hydroxide precipitation, influence end product quality after tested in the suspension of preparation.
Embodiment 7
Alumina silicate is prepared according to the same manner as in Example 2, the difference is that only nine water sodium metasilicate and 18 water sulphur The mass ratio of sour aluminium is that 1:1 generates more aluminum hydroxide precipitation after tested in the suspension of preparation, influences final products matter Amount.
Embodiment 8
Alumina silicate is prepared according to the same manner as in Example 1, the difference is that only that " mass fraction is 6% for use The aqueous sodium polyacrylate that mass fraction in polyacrylic acid aqueous ammonium " alternative embodiment 1 is 6%, it is after tested, obtained The partial size of alumina silicate is 1000nm.Suspension obtained containing alumina silicate is stood at room temperature, has observed 7mL after 28 days Supernatant is precipitated, and shows that the favorable dispersibility of alumina silicate, the suspension of alumina silicate are more stable.
Embodiment 9
Alumina silicate is prepared according to the same manner as in Example 1, the difference is that only that " mass fraction is 28% for use Potassium sulfate solution " replacement " sodium silicate solution that mass fraction is 28% ", after tested, the partial size of alumina silicate obtained is 1100- 1200nm.Suspension obtained containing alumina silicate is stood at room temperature, has observed that 4mL supernatant is precipitated after 28 days, table The suspension of the favorable dispersibility of bright alumina silicate, alumina silicate is more stable.
Embodiment 10
Alumina silicate is prepared according to the same manner as in Example 1, the difference is that only use " mass fraction 16.8% Aluminium chloride " replacement " mass fraction be 16.8% aluminum sulfate solution ", after tested, the partial size of alumina silicate obtained is 1900- 2000nm.Suspension obtained containing alumina silicate is stood at room temperature, has observed that 3mL supernatant is precipitated after 28 days, table The suspension of the favorable dispersibility of bright alumina silicate, alumina silicate is more stable.Comparative example 1
Nine water sodium metasilicate of 39.1g is dissolved in 20g deionized water at room temperature, 59.1g sodium silicate solution (silicic acid is made 28%) mass fraction of sodium is;
Under 60 DEG C of water bath condition, 19.46g aluminum sulfate octadecahydrate is dissolved in 40g deionized water and to keep the temperature 1 small When 59.46g aluminum sulfate solution (mass fraction of aluminum sulfate be 16.8%) is made;
Then under stirring conditions (revolving speed of high-speed stirred paddle is 1000rpm), use peristaltic pump with 0.66g/min's Sodium silicate solution obtained is added drop-wise in 80g aqueous solution by rate, is continued to stir 0.5h after being added dropwise to complete, is made and contains silicic acid The aqueous solution of sodium;Peristaltic pump is used to be added drop-wise to aluminum sulfate solution obtained with the rate of 0.99g/min again later obtained outstanding In supernatant liquid, continues to stir 12h after being added dropwise to complete, the aqueous solution of the aluminum precipitation containing silicic acid is made;
Later using the aqueous solution of the aluminum precipitation containing silicic acid of methanol washing preparation, then the dry 12h at 70 DEG C, silicic acid is made Aluminium.
After tested, the partial size of alumina silicate obtained is 1700nm.In addition, dispersing agent is used due to no in this comparative example, Therefore reaction will generate silicic acid aluminum precipitation, rather than form alumina silicate suspension.
It should be noted that embodiment described above for explaining only the invention, is not constituted to of the invention any Limitation.By referring to exemplary embodiments, invention has been described, it should be appreciated that word used in it is descriptive With explanatory vocabulary, rather than limited vocabulary.The present invention can be made within the scope of the claims by regulation Modification, and the present invention is revised in without departing substantially from scope and spirit of the present invention.Although the present invention described in it relates to And specific method, material and embodiment, it is not intended that the present invention is limited to particular case disclosed in it, on the contrary, this hair It is bright to can be extended to other all methods and applications with the same function.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of preparation method of alumina silicate, comprising:
A part of soluble silicate or the soluble silicate is added and is preferably added drop-wise in the solution containing dispersing agent, shape At mixed liquor;
The remainder of aluminum soluble salt or the aluminum soluble salt and the soluble silicate is added and is preferably added drop-wise to system In the mixed liquor obtained, so that the aluminum soluble salt be made to react with the soluble silicate, alumina silicate is generated.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the dispersing agent is selected from Sodium Polyacrylate, polypropylene At least one of sour ammonium and calgon;Preferably, the dispersing agent is Sodium Polyacrylate.
3. preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the soluble silicate is selected from potassium silicate, silicon At least one of sour sodium and ammonium silicate;Preferably, the soluble silicate is sodium metasilicate.
4. preparation method according to any one of claim 1-3, which is characterized in that the aluminum soluble salt is selected from chlorination At least one of aluminium, aluminum sulfate, aluminum nitrate and aluminium sulfide;Preferably, the aluminum soluble salt is aluminum sulfate.
5. preparation method described in any one of -4 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the soluble silicate with it is described The mass ratio of dispersing agent is (2-10): 1, preferably (3-8): 1;And/or the soluble silicate and the aluminum soluble salt Mass ratio be (1-3): 1, preferably (1.8-2.3): 1.
6. preparation method according to any one of claims 1-5, which is characterized in that in the solution containing dispersing agent, The concentration of dispersing agent is 5%-30%, preferably 10%-15%.
7. preparation method according to claim 1 to 6, which is characterized in that soluble silicate is dissolved in solvent It is preferred that water is added in the solution containing dispersing agent after forming silicate solutions;And/or that aluminum soluble salt is dissolved in solvent is excellent It is added in the mixed liquor after selecting water to form aluminum salt solution.
8. preparation method described in any one of -7 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the silicate solutions, silicic acid The concentration of salt is 10%-45%, preferably 25%-30%;And/or in the aluminum salt solution, the concentration of aluminium salt is 5%-35%, Preferably 15%-20%.
9. alumina silicate made from a kind of preparation method according to claim 1 to 8, which is characterized in that the silicon Sour aluminium is free of fibrous structure, it is preferable that the alumina silicate has spherical or spherical structure.
10. alumina silicate according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the partial size of the alumina silicate is 500nm-6000nm, excellent It is selected as 500nm-1500nm.
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