CN109333999B - Thermosetting polymer additive manufacturing device and method - Google Patents
Thermosetting polymer additive manufacturing device and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109333999B CN109333999B CN201811383447.6A CN201811383447A CN109333999B CN 109333999 B CN109333999 B CN 109333999B CN 201811383447 A CN201811383447 A CN 201811383447A CN 109333999 B CN109333999 B CN 109333999B
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000004634 thermosetting polymer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009689 gas atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 10
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000013032 Hydrocarbon resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229920006270 hydrocarbon resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920003008 liquid latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000016 photochemical curing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/124—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
- B29C64/209—Heads; Nozzles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/255—Enclosures for the building material, e.g. powder containers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/295—Heating elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses a thermosetting polymer additive manufacturing device, which comprises a forming connection base and a latex atomization spraying mechanism, wherein the latex atomization spraying mechanism is provided with a horizontal connection base, a heating vulcanization mechanism and a forming coating mechanism are arranged on the horizontal connection base in parallel, the latex atomization spraying mechanism comprises a heating evaporation shell and a mist nozzle, one side of the mist nozzle is provided with a feed pipeline and a latex feed cylinder, the other side of the mist nozzle is provided with a gas pipeline and a pressurizing air pump, the tail end of the feed pipeline is sleeved with an emulsion dispersion short pipe, the tail end of the emulsion dispersion short pipe is internally provided with a quadrangular fan blade, the tail end of the gas pipeline is sleeved with a pressurizing step pipe, the inner surface of the heating evaporation shell is provided with a wrapping panel, and the inner surface of the wrapping panel is provided with a plurality of groups of heating resistance wires; the scheme has the advantages of simple structure, high preparation efficiency, environmental protection and energy saving, utilizes the atomization injection principle to form a uniform emulsion film layer, reduces the vulcanization temperature, improves the vulcanization efficiency, and further improves the production quality of the thermosetting polymer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of additive manufacturing equipment, in particular to a thermosetting polymer additive manufacturing device and a thermosetting polymer additive manufacturing method.
Background
The thermosetting polymer (Thermosetting Polymer) is generally formed into prepolymer at the time of manufacture, and is heated to enable the potential functional groups in the prepolymer to continuously react into a cross-linked structure to be solidified during molding, so that the thermosetting polymer is irreversible during transformation, can be molded once, can not be melted and plasticized during reheating, and is insoluble in a solvent; the additive manufacturing (Additive Manufacturing, AM) technology refers to a scientific technology system for directly manufacturing parts by three-dimensional data driving of the parts based on a discrete-stacking principle, the additive manufacturing technology is a technology for manufacturing solid parts by adopting a material gradual accumulation method, and compared with the traditional material removal-cutting processing technology, the additive manufacturing technology is a bottom-up manufacturing method, and based on different classification principles and understanding modes, the additive manufacturing technology is also provided with various names such as rapid prototyping, rapid forming, rapid manufacturing or 3D printing, the connotation of the additive manufacturing technology is still deepened continuously, and the extension of the additive manufacturing technology is also extended continuously.
Current patent application No. 201521123587. The utility model discloses an additive manufacturing device, including ray generating device and shaping room, ray generating device is located the top of shaping room, ray generating device is used for producing the ray of melting powder material, still include powder receiving box and powder case in the shaping room, the below exit that the powder receiving box was located the powder case, install heating device in the powder receiving box, this patent utilizes the powder receiving box to carry out the preliminary treatment to powder material, get rid of moisture with powder material heating to predetermined temperature, powder material does not occupy extra time in the dehumidification preliminary treatment process, can not reduce the efficiency of additive manufacturing.
In combination with the above cases and prior art, existing additive manufacturing apparatuses also suffer from the following drawbacks when producing thermosetting polymers:
(1) The device for adding atomization injection to the liquid raw material is not needed, so that the liquid raw material is directly paved on a manufacturing flat plate, the raw material vulcanizing time is increased, and the vulcanizing reinforcement function step time is reduced;
(2) The working units of the additive manufacturing device are mutually independent, and the raw material coating parameters during polymer manufacturing cannot be controlled, so that the preparation efficiency is low, and the manufacturing cost of the product is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a thermosetting polymer additive manufacturing device and a thermosetting polymer additive manufacturing method, which can effectively solve the problems of the background technology.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the thermosetting polymer additive manufacturing device comprises a forming connection base and a latex atomization spraying mechanism arranged above the forming connection base, wherein a horizontal connection seat is arranged at a position parallel to the lower surface of the latex atomization spraying mechanism, a heating and vulcanizing mechanism and a forming and coating mechanism are arranged on the horizontal connection seat in parallel, and the heating and vulcanizing mechanism is arranged between the latex atomization spraying mechanism and the forming and coating mechanism;
the emulsion atomizing injection mechanism comprises a heating evaporation shell and a mist nozzle fixedly arranged at the upper end inside the heating evaporation shell, one side of the mist nozzle is provided with a feeding pipeline, the feeding pipeline is connected with an emulsion feeding cylinder, the other side of the mist nozzle is provided with a gas pipeline, the gas pipeline is connected with a pressurizing air pump, part of the outer surface of the feeding pipeline in the mist nozzle is sleeved with an emulsion dispersing short pipe, the inside of the tail end of the emulsion dispersing short pipe is provided with a quadrangular fan blade, part of the outer surface of the gas pipeline in the mist nozzle is sleeved with a pressurizing step pipe, and the pipe orifice of the pressurizing step pipe is positioned right above the pipe orifice of the emulsion dispersing short pipe;
the inner surface of the heating evaporation shell is provided with a wrapping panel which has the same shape as the mist nozzle, a vacuum environment is arranged between the wrapping panel and the heating evaporation shell, and the inner surface of the wrapping panel is provided with a plurality of groups of heating resistance wires which are uniformly distributed and are parallel to each other.
Further, the shaping coating mechanism is including installing the reagent flourishing dress box on the horizontal connection seat to and set up the lamination running roller in reagent flourishing dress box side below, the both ends of lamination running roller are installed between the front and back both sides board of reagent flourishing dress box through the rolling bearing, reagent flourishing dress box side below still is equipped with the ejection of compact arc panel concentric with the circular face of lamination running roller.
Further, the ejection of compact arc panel is including fixing the directional half arc board in reagent holding box inside top to and the articulated rotation arc board in reagent holding box inside below, be connected through porous elastic plate between rotation arc board and the directional half arc board, reagent holding box internal surface is equipped with and rotates the articulated manual bull stick of arc, manual bull stick passes reagent holding box and is equipped with the rotation handle.
Further, the heating and vulcanizing mechanism comprises a square frame object placing plate fixedly arranged on the horizontal connecting seat and an infrared heating pipe arranged between the front side and the rear side of the square frame object placing plate, a reflecting plate is arranged on the inner side of the square frame object placing plate, and light shielding sheets are arranged on the four peripheries of the square frame object placing plate.
Further, upper surface of shaping connection base still is equipped with upper and lower elevating system and controls reciprocating mechanism, upper and lower elevating system includes a plurality of promotion cylinders of evenly installing on shaping connection base, control reciprocating mechanism and be in including the upper and lower loading board of being connected with the promotion cylinder, and set up the inside cavity mounting groove of upper and lower loading board, the trapezoidal slide has been erect to the upper surface of upper and lower loading board, the upper surface of upper and lower loading board still is equipped with controls the reciprocating plate, the lower surface of controlling the reciprocating plate is equipped with the cover and establishes the groove plate of crossing on trapezoidal slide, the below of crossing the groove plate is equipped with the spacing cardboard of following the removal of cavity mounting groove, the left and right sides of spacing cardboard is connected with drive chain, be equipped with the servo motor drive group that is used for driving drive chain in the cavity mounting groove.
Further, the forming connection base is also provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed limit guide rods, and the upper bearing plate and the lower bearing plate are provided with limit perforations matched with the limit guide rods.
In addition, the invention also provides a manufacturing method of the thermosetting polymer additive, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 100, latex spraying, namely, spraying latex liquid by utilizing high-pressure gas atomization in a mist nozzle, and converting the form of raw materials into latex particles;
step 200, drying the latex particles, dehydrating the latex particles in the spraying process by utilizing a heating evaporation shell, and spraying the dehydrated latex particles to a forming platform to form a latex film layer;
step 300, heating and vulcanizing, namely moving the forming platform upwards and horizontally in a reciprocating manner by utilizing an intelligent numerical control mechanism, and simultaneously heating and vulcanizing the emulsion film layer by utilizing an infrared heating lamp;
step 400, reinforcing an extrusion layer, moving a forming platform upwards, coating a cross-linking agent by using a laminating roller, and simultaneously rolling and reinforcing a latex film layer and the cross-linking agent;
and 500, shaping and crosslinking, namely repeating the operations of spraying, drying, vulcanizing and reinforcing the layers according to the set number of the latex film layers, so that the latex film layers are shaped and crosslinked.
Further, in step 200, the heating temperature of the heating evaporation shell determines the moisture of the latex film layer, and the moisture requirement of the latex film layer is selected according to the vulcanization requirement of the latex particle state.
Further, in step 400, the laminating roller has a laminating pressure of 10MPa.
Further, in step 100, the latex raw material is specifically a mixed material of natural latex and zinc oxide formulated in a mass ratio of 95:5.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the invention, the heating evaporation moisture, the high-pressure spraying and the mist spraying nozzles are combined to work, all working units are matched to work, the raw materials in liquid form are atomized, a gaseous emulsion spraying feeding mode is realized, a uniform emulsion film layer is formed on a manufacturing platform, the vulcanization temperature is reduced, the vulcanization efficiency is improved, and the production quality of thermosetting polymers is further improved;
(2) When the emulsion film layer is extruded by the roller, the cross-linking agent is coated at the same time, and a rolling action of certain pressure is applied, so that the emulsion film layer and the cross-linking agent layer are vulcanized and cross-linked, the reinforcing effect is enhanced, the structure is simple, the preparation efficiency is high, and the environment-friendly and energy-saving effects are realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a molded connection base of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a heating and vulcanizing mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a closure structure of a discharge arc panel of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the opening structure of the discharging arc panel of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flow chart of the additive manufacturing method of the present invention.
Reference numerals in the drawings:
1-forming a connecting base; 2-an emulsion atomization spraying mechanism; 3-a horizontal connecting seat; 4-heating and vulcanizing mechanism; 5-a forming coating mechanism; 6-an up-down lifting mechanism; 7-a left-right reciprocating mechanism;
201-heating the evaporation shell; 202-mist nozzle; 203-a feed line; 204-a latex supply cartridge; 205-gas pipeline; 206-a booster air pump; 207-emulsion dispersion short tube; 208-four-edge fan blades; 209-pressurizing a stepped tube; 2010-wrapping the panel; 2011-heating resistance wire;
401-square frame object placing plate; 402-an infrared heating tube; 403-reflecting plates; 404-arc-shaped extended reflective cover; 405-shading sheet;
501-reagent holding box; 502-laminating roller; 503-a rotating bearing; 504-discharging arc panel;
5041-directional half-arc plate; 5042-rotating the arcuate plate; 5043-a porous elastic plate; 5044-manual turning bar; 5045-turning the handle;
601-pushing cylinder; 602-limiting guide rods; 603-limiting perforation;
701-upper and lower carrier plates; 702-a hollow mounting groove; 703-trapezoidal slide; 704-left and right shuttle plates; 705-passing trough plates; 706-a limiting clamping plate; 707-a drive chain; 708-servo motor drive train.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a thermosetting polymer additive manufacturing device, which comprises a forming connection base 1, and a latex atomizing injection mechanism 2 arranged above the forming connection base 1, wherein a horizontal connection base 3 is arranged at a position parallel to the lower surface of the latex atomizing injection mechanism 2, a heating and vulcanizing mechanism 4 and a forming and coating mechanism 5 are arranged on the horizontal connection base 3 in parallel, the heating and vulcanizing mechanism 4 is arranged between the latex atomizing injection mechanism 2 and the forming and coating mechanism 5, the latex atomizing injection mechanism 2 atomizes liquid latex into dispersed latex particles, the dispersed latex particles are injected into the forming connection base 1 to form a latex film layer, the heating and vulcanizing mechanism 4 heats and vulcanizes the latex film layer by utilizing an infrared heating principle, then the forming and coating mechanism 5 coats a crosslinking agent, and the crosslinking agent film and the latex film are extruded and shaped in an extrusion mode.
The emulsion atomizing injection mechanism 2 comprises a heating evaporation shell 201 and a mist nozzle 202 fixedly arranged at the upper end inside the heating evaporation shell 201, wherein one side of the mist nozzle 202 is provided with a feed pipeline 203, the feed pipeline 203 is connected with an emulsion feed cylinder 204, the other side of the mist nozzle 202 is provided with a gas pipeline 205, the gas pipeline 205 is connected with a booster pump 206, the feed pipeline 203 is a flowing place of liquid raw materials, the gas pipeline 205 is a flowing place of high-pressure gas, the high-pressure gas is in the mist nozzle 202 to atomize and inject the raw materials in a liquid form, and atomized emulsion particles reciprocate in the mist nozzle 202 along the positive direction of the Z axis.
The feeding pipeline 203 is provided with an emulsion dispersing short pipe 207 in a part of the outer surface of the mist nozzle 202, the tail end of the emulsion dispersing short pipe 207 is internally provided with four-edge fan blades 208, the part of the outer surface of the gas pipeline 205 in the mist nozzle 202 is provided with a pressurizing step pipe 209 in a sleeved mode, the pipe orifice of the pressurizing step pipe 209 is positioned right above the pipe orifice of the emulsion dispersing short pipe 207, the four-edge fan blades 208 conduct primary dispersion on liquid emulsion, high-pressure gas conducts secondary pressurization in the compression space of the pressurizing step pipe 209, accordingly high-pressure air with higher flow speed conducts high-pressure impact on dispersed emulsion liquid along the downward direction of the mist nozzle 202, the area of the emulsion can be expanded by the four-edge fan blades 208, and the atomization efficiency of the high-pressure air is improved.
It should be noted that, the diameter of the upper end of the mist nozzle 202 is larger than that of the lower end, so that the spraying speed of the latex particles can be limited, and the atomization of the latex liquid at the upper end of the mist nozzle 202 can be ensured.
The inner surface of the heating evaporation shell 201 is provided with a coating panel 2010 with the same shape as the mist nozzle 202, a vacuum environment is arranged between the coating panel 2010 and the heating evaporation shell 201, the inner surface of the coating panel 2010 is provided with a plurality of groups of heating resistance wires 2011 which are uniformly distributed and parallel to each other, the heating evaporation shell 201 provides a certain amount of heat for the mist nozzle 202, moisture evaporation operation is carried out on latex atomized particles, and raw materials of the latex particles reach and are dehydrated through a coating panel 2010 section with the temperature of 180 ℃, and then are sprayed onto the forming connection base 11 to form a latex film layer.
It should be noted that, all the heating resistance wires 2011 are independently connected in parallel, and when the heating temperature needs to be changed, the number of the heating resistance wires 2011 is reduced or increased, so that the reduction or the increase of the heating temperature can be completed.
In the working process of the emulsion atomization spraying mechanism 2, the heating evaporation moisture, the high-pressure spraying and the mist nozzle are matched to work, the raw materials in liquid form are atomized, the mode of spraying and feeding the gaseous emulsion is realized, an emulsion film layer with uniform materials is formed on a manufacturing platform, the vulcanization temperature is reduced, the vulcanization efficiency is improved, and the production quality of thermosetting polymers is further improved.
After the latex film layer is formed by spraying on the forming connection base 11, the next heating vulcanization and rolling forming operation is needed, and as the positions of the heating vulcanization mechanism 4 and the forming coating mechanism 5 are generally unchanged, the forming platform 1 needs to move upwards to reduce the operation distance of vulcanization and rolling, therefore, as shown in fig. 2, the upper surface of the forming connection base 1 is also provided with an up-down mechanism 6 and a left-right reciprocating mechanism 7, the up-down mechanism 6 moves the latex film layer to the lower part of the heating vulcanization mechanism 4, and the left-right reciprocating mechanism 7 controls the latex film layer platform to reciprocate in the heating range of an infrared heating lamp so that the infrared heating lamp carries out heating vulcanization on the latex film layer;
the up-and-down lifting mechanism 6 continuously pushes the vulcanized latex film layer to move upwards, contacts and extrudes with the forming and coating mechanism 5, and the left-and-right reciprocating mechanism 7 controls the latex film layer to reciprocate in the rolling range of the pressing wheel so that the pressing wheel rolls and consolidates the latex film layer, and the working principles of the up-and-down lifting mechanism 6 and the left-and-right reciprocating mechanism 7 are as follows.
The lifting mechanism 6 comprises a plurality of pushing air cylinders 601 which are uniformly arranged on the forming connecting base 1, and the pushing air cylinders 601 are used for pushing the left-right reciprocating mechanism 7 to move up and down, so that vulcanization and extrusion forming operation are facilitated.
The left-right reciprocating mechanism 7 comprises an upper bearing plate 701 and a lower bearing plate 701 which are connected with the pushing air cylinder 601, and a hollow installation groove 702 which is arranged in the upper bearing plate 701 and the lower bearing plate 701, wherein a trapezoidal sliding plate 703 is erected on the upper surface of the upper bearing plate 701 and the lower bearing plate 701, a left-right reciprocating plate 704 is further arranged on the upper surface of the upper bearing plate 701 and the lower surface of the lower bearing plate 701, a passing groove plate 705 which is sleeved on the trapezoidal sliding plate 703 is arranged on the lower surface of the left-right reciprocating plate 704, a limit clamping plate 706 which moves along the hollow installation groove 702 is arranged below the passing groove plate 705, a transmission chain 707 is connected to the left side and the right side of the limit clamping plate 706, and a servo motor transmission group 708 which is used for driving the transmission chain 707 is arranged in the hollow installation groove 702.
The servo motor driving group 708 drives the driving chain 707 to rotate in the forward direction or the reverse direction, so as to drive the left and right reciprocating plates 704 to move circularly left and right on the upper and lower bearing plates 701, thereby realizing comprehensive vulcanization of the latex particle layer.
When the left and right reciprocating plates 704 move in a left and right circulating manner, the travel groove plates 705 move on the trapezoidal sliding plates 703 in a limited manner, so that the stability of the left and right reciprocating plates 704 in moving can be improved, and meanwhile, the trapezoidal sliding plates 703 can avoid the left and right reciprocating plates 704 from rotating in other directions, so that the stability of the left and right reciprocating plates 704 in rolling can be improved.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the latex particles sprayed from the mist nozzle 202 are particularly gathered on the left and right reciprocating plates 704 to form a thin layer of the glue coated particles.
The forming connection base 1 is further provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed limit guide rods 602, the upper and lower bearing plates 701 are provided with limit perforations 603 matched with the limit guide rods 602, and the limit guide rods 602 can increase the stability of the upper and lower bearing plates 701 during movement.
It is further added that the thermosetting polymer additive manufacturing apparatus in this embodiment further includes an intelligent control unit, and the intelligent control unit mainly controls the pushing cylinder 601 of the up-down lifting mechanism 6 to work according to a time flow, and also controls the servo motor transmission set 708 of the left-right reciprocating mechanism 7 to work.
As shown in fig. 3, in this embodiment, the heating and vulcanizing mechanism 4 includes a square-frame object-placing plate 401 fixedly installed on the horizontal connecting seat 3, and an infrared heating tube 402 installed between front and rear sides of the square-frame object-placing plate 401, the inner side of the square-frame object-placing plate 401 is provided with a reflecting plate 403, and four peripheries of the square-frame object-placing plate 401 are provided with light shielding sheets 404, the infrared heating tube 402 mainly carries out heating and vulcanizing on the latex film layer, and the reflecting plate 403 and the light shielding sheets 404 concentrate the infrared radiation with a wide angle under the square-frame object-placing plate 401, thereby improving the utilization rate of the infrared radiation and increasing the vulcanizing efficiency.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the forming and coating mechanism 5 includes a reagent holding box 501 mounted on the horizontal connecting seat 3, and a laminating roller 502 disposed below the reagent holding box 501, two ends of the laminating roller 502 are mounted between the front and rear side plates of the reagent holding box 501 through a rotating bearing 503, a discharging arc panel 504 concentric with the circular surface of the laminating roller 502 is further disposed below the reagent holding box 501, and the latex film layer moves reciprocally in the rolling range of the laminating roller 502, so that the laminating roller 502 rolls and consolidates the latex film layer.
The discharging arc-shaped panel 504 comprises a directional semi-arc plate 5041 fixed above the inside of the reagent containing box 501 and a rotating arc plate 5042 hinged below the inside of the reagent containing box 501, the rotating arc plate 5042 is connected with the directional semi-arc plate 5041 through a porous elastic plate 5043, a manual rotating rod 5044 hinged with the rotating arc plate 5042 is arranged on the inner surface of the reagent containing box 501, and the manual rotating rod 5044 penetrates through the reagent containing box 501 and is provided with a rotating handle 5045.
When the forming and coating mechanism 5 does not work, the reagent containing box 501 is in a sealed state, and the cross-linking agent in the reagent containing box 501 is not missed, so that the waste of materials is avoided; when the forming coating mechanism 5 works, the rotating handle 5045 is rotated, the rotating arc plate 5042 is driven by the rotating handle 5045 to rotate, the porous elastic plate 5043 stretches between the rotating arc plate 5042 and the directional half arc plate 5041, and the crosslinking agent overflows from the porous elastic plate 5043, so that the crosslinking agent is provided in the extrusion working process of the laminating roller 502.
Because the laminating roller 502 passes through the reagent containing box 501 in the rotating process, the cross-linking agent in the reagent containing box 501 is coated between adjacent latex film layers along with the rolling of the laminating roller 502, so that the latex film layers are formed and crosslinked, the operations of spraying, drying, vulcanizing and layer reinforcing are repeatedly performed according to the number of the set latex film layers, the cross-linking agent is coated between the adjacent latex film layers through the laminating roller, and the cross-linking agent is vulcanized and crosslinked by constant-force application rolling, so that the reinforcing effect is enhanced, and the preparation of the thermosetting polymer is realized.
It should be noted that, the reagent containing box 501 contains a crosslinking agent, which is also called a bridging agent, and is an important component of a hydrocarbon photoresist, and the photochemical curing effect of the photoresist depends on the crosslinking agent with double photosensitive functional groups to react, and the crosslinking agent generates double free radicals after exposure, and reacts with the hydrocarbon resin to form a bridge bond between polymer molecular chains and become an insoluble substance with a three-dimensional structure, and the crosslinking agent is mainly used in high polymer materials (rubber and thermosetting resins). Because the molecular structure of the high polymer material is like a long line, the strength is low when not crosslinked, the high polymer material is easy to break, and has no elasticity, the crosslinking agent has the function of generating chemical bonds between linear molecules, so that the linear molecules are mutually connected to form a net structure, and the strength and the elasticity of the rubber or the thermosetting resin are improved.
In addition, as shown in fig. 6, in order to more visually describe the working process of the thermosetting polymer additive manufacturing device, the invention further provides a thermosetting polymer additive manufacturing method, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 100, spraying latex, namely spraying latex liquid by utilizing high-pressure gas atomization in a mist nozzle, and converting the form of raw materials into latex particles, wherein in the step, the latex raw materials are specifically mixed materials prepared by natural latex and zinc oxide in a mass ratio of 95:5.
Step 200, drying the latex particles, dehydrating the latex particles in the spraying process by utilizing a heating evaporation shell, and spraying the dehydrated latex particles to a forming platform to form a latex film layer.
In the step 200, the heating temperature of the heating evaporation shell determines the moisture of the latex film layer, and the moisture requirement of the latex film layer is selected according to the vulcanization requirement of the latex particle state.
Step 300, heating and vulcanizing, namely moving the forming platform upwards and horizontally in a reciprocating manner by utilizing an intelligent numerical control mechanism, and simultaneously heating and vulcanizing the emulsion film layer by utilizing an infrared heating lamp;
and 400, reinforcing the extrusion layer, namely, moving the forming platform upwards, coating the cross-linking agent by using a laminating roller, and simultaneously rolling and reinforcing the latex film layer and the cross-linking agent, wherein the rolling pressure of the laminating roller is 10MPa when the laminating roller works, namely, the forming platform is controlled to move upwards until the pressure between the forming platform and the laminating roller is 0MPa.
And 500, shaping and crosslinking, namely repeating the operations of spraying, drying, vulcanizing and reinforcing the layers according to the set number of the latex film layers, so that the latex film layers are shaped and crosslinked.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (8)
1. A thermoset polymer additive manufacturing apparatus, characterized by: the device comprises a forming connection base (1) and a latex atomization spraying mechanism (2) arranged above the forming connection base (1), wherein a horizontal connection seat (3) is arranged at a position parallel to the lower surface of the latex atomization spraying mechanism (2), a heating vulcanization mechanism (4) and a forming coating mechanism (5) are arranged on the horizontal connection seat (3) in parallel, and the heating vulcanization mechanism (4) is arranged between the latex atomization spraying mechanism (2) and the forming coating mechanism (5);
the emulsion atomizing injection mechanism (2) comprises a heating evaporation shell (201) and a mist nozzle (202) fixedly arranged at the upper end inside the heating evaporation shell (201), a feeding pipeline (203) is arranged on one side of the mist nozzle (202), the feeding pipeline (203) is connected with a emulsion feeding cylinder (204), a gas pipeline (205) is arranged on the other side of the mist nozzle (202), the gas pipeline (205) is connected with a pressurizing air pump (206), an emulsion dispersing short pipe (207) is sleeved on part of the outer surface of the feeding pipeline (203) in the mist nozzle (202), four-edge fan blades (208) are arranged inside the tail end of the emulsion dispersing short pipe (207), a pressurizing step pipe (209) is sleeved on part of the outer surface of the gas pipeline (205) in the mist nozzle (202), and the orifice of the pressurizing step pipe (209) is positioned right above the orifice of the emulsion dispersing short pipe (207).
The inner surface of the heating evaporation shell (201) is provided with a wrapping panel (2010) which has the same shape as the mist nozzle (202), a vacuum environment is arranged between the wrapping panel (2010) and the heating evaporation shell (201), and the inner surface of the wrapping panel (2010) is provided with a plurality of groups of heating resistance wires (2011) which are uniformly distributed and mutually parallel;
the forming coating mechanism (5) comprises a reagent containing box (501) arranged on the horizontal connecting seat (3) and a laminating roller (502) arranged below the side of the reagent containing box (501), wherein two ends of the laminating roller (502) are arranged between the front side plate and the rear side plate of the reagent containing box (501) through rotating bearings (503), and a discharging arc-shaped panel (504) concentric with the circular surface of the laminating roller (502) is arranged below the side of the reagent containing box (501);
the discharging arc-shaped panel (504) comprises a directional semi-arc plate (5041) fixed above the inside of the reagent containing box (501) and a rotating arc plate (5042) hinged below the inside of the reagent containing box (501), the rotating arc plate (5042) is connected with the directional semi-arc plate (5041) through a porous elastic plate (5043), a manual rotating rod (5044) hinged with the rotating arc plate (5042) is arranged on the inner surface of the reagent containing box (501), and the manual rotating rod (5044) penetrates through the reagent containing box (501) and is provided with a rotating handle (5045);
the laminating roller (502) passes through the reagent containing box (501) in the rotating process, the cross-linking agent in the reagent containing box (501) is coated between adjacent latex film layers along with the rolling of the laminating roller (502), so that the latex film layers are crosslinked in a molding way, the operations of spraying, drying, vulcanizing and layer reinforcing are repeatedly performed according to the set number of the latex film layers, the cross-linking agent is coated between the adjacent latex film layers through the laminating roller, and the cross-linking agent is subjected to vulcanization crosslinking by applying rolling under constant force.
2. A thermoset polymer additive fabrication apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the heating and vulcanizing mechanism (4) comprises a square-frame object-placing plate (401) fixedly arranged on the horizontal connecting seat (3) and an infrared heating pipe (402) arranged between the front side and the rear side of the square-frame object-placing plate (401), a reflecting plate (403) is arranged on the inner side of the square-frame object-placing plate (401), and shading sheets (404) are arranged on the four peripheries of the square-frame object-placing plate (401).
3. A thermoset polymer additive fabrication apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the upper surface of shaping connection base (1) still is equipped with upper and lower elevating system (6) and controls reciprocating mechanism (7), upper and lower elevating system (6) are including a plurality of pushing cylinder (601) of evenly installing on shaping connection base (1), control reciprocating mechanism (7) including upper and lower loading board (701) of being connected with pushing cylinder (601) and set up hollow mounting groove (702) of upper and lower loading board (701) inside, trapezoidal slide (703) have been set up on the upper surface of upper and lower loading board (701), the upper surface of upper and lower loading board (701) still is equipped with controls reciprocating plate (704), the lower surface of controlling reciprocating plate (704) is equipped with the cover and establishes groove board (705) of walking on trapezoidal slide (703), the below of walking groove board (706) is equipped with spacing cardboard (706) along hollow mounting groove (702) removal, the left and right sides of spacing cardboard (706) is connected with transmission servo (708), be equipped with in hollow mounting groove (702) and be used for driving chain drive group (707).
4. A thermoset polymer additive fabrication device according to claim 3, wherein: the forming connection base (1) is also provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed limit guide rods (602), and the upper bearing plate (701) and the lower bearing plate (701) are provided with limit perforations (603) which are matched with the limit guide rods (602) for working.
5. A manufacturing method based on a thermosetting polymer additive manufacturing device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that it comprises in particular the following steps:
step 100, latex spraying, namely, spraying latex liquid by utilizing high-pressure gas atomization in a mist nozzle, and converting the form of raw materials into latex particles;
step 200, drying the latex particles, dehydrating the latex particles in the spraying process by utilizing a heating evaporation shell, and spraying the dehydrated latex particles to a forming platform to form a latex film layer;
step 300, heating and vulcanizing, namely moving the forming platform upwards and horizontally in a reciprocating manner by utilizing an intelligent numerical control mechanism, and simultaneously heating and vulcanizing the emulsion film layer by utilizing an infrared heating lamp;
step 400, reinforcing an extrusion layer, moving a forming platform upwards, coating a cross-linking agent by using a laminating roller, and simultaneously rolling and reinforcing a latex film layer and the cross-linking agent;
and 500, shaping and crosslinking, namely repeating the operations of spraying, drying, vulcanizing and reinforcing the layers according to the set number of the latex film layers, so that the latex film layers are shaped and crosslinked.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein in step 200, the heating temperature of the heating evaporation shell determines the moisture of the latex film layer, and the moisture requirement of the latex film layer is selected according to the vulcanization requirement of the latex particle state.
7. The method of manufacturing a thermosetting polymer additive manufacturing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the laminating roller has a rolling pressure of 10MPa in step 400.
8. The method according to claim 5, wherein in step 100, the latex raw material is a mixture of natural latex and zinc oxide blended at a mass ratio of 95:5.
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| CN201811383447.6A CN109333999B (en) | 2018-11-20 | 2018-11-20 | Thermosetting polymer additive manufacturing device and method |
| PCT/CN2019/093191 WO2020103453A1 (en) | 2018-11-20 | 2019-06-27 | Thermosetting polymer additive manufacturing apparatus and method |
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| CN109957184B (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2021-07-30 | 青岛科技大学 | Preparation method of CNT/IIR composite material and spray atomization gun for preparation |
| CN111403112A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-07-10 | 青岛科技大学 | Preparation method for forming conductive or functional structure on surface of high polymer film/plate |
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