CN109333165A - A kind of grinding method of the non-circular bend glass ornaments based on point cloud data description - Google Patents
A kind of grinding method of the non-circular bend glass ornaments based on point cloud data description Download PDFInfo
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- CN109333165A CN109333165A CN201811114710.1A CN201811114710A CN109333165A CN 109333165 A CN109333165 A CN 109333165A CN 201811114710 A CN201811114710 A CN 201811114710A CN 109333165 A CN109333165 A CN 109333165A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of grinding method of non-circular bend glass ornaments based on point cloud data description.The present invention controls the linkage data of workpiece rotational motion and longitudinal tracking feeding by determining, processes to arbitrarily non-circular bend glass workpiece external form profile.The present invention only need to can obtain the linkage data of control workpiece rotational motion and longitudinal tracking feeding according to glass pieces contour point data and the structural parameters of numerically-controlled machine tool.Whether there is or not determining mathematical models can be applicable in for profile, and grinding accuracy is high, and error is small.The disadvantages of preferably overcoming the cumbersome mapping for acquiring special-shaped non-circular profile machining locus by geometrograph in engineering, heavy workload, also overcomes the method for curve matching, and there are error of fitting, formula calculates complicated disadvantage.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical fields, are related to a kind of grinding side of non-circular bend glass ornaments based on point cloud data description
Method.
Background technique
Glass sends out many different industrial applications as a kind of hard, frangible, transparent material, optics and physical characteristic
Wave vital effect.Nowadays miscellaneous glass ornaments are widely applied in people's daily life, special-shaped glass
The demand of ornaments is increasing, and traditional processing method is relatively backward, such as profile tracer method, for various shapes product just
Need to develop the glass mold of different complicated shapes.The warp of technical staff is dependent on using the manufacture efficiency and precision of such methods
It tests, and the degree of automation is low, can no longer meet the market demand.In addition, for the non-circular rotary part engineering of grinding abnormity
The upper linkage coordinate points position for determining rotating shaft (C axis) and the longitudinal axis (Y-axis) one by one usually using geometric construction, cumbersome, work of mapping
Work amount is big.Another kind is the method by curve matching, and there are errors of fitting for this method, and formula is complicated, computationally intensive.
Since non-circular curve surface grinding technology is directly related to the core technology and commercial interest of numerical control manufacturer, ground both at home and abroad about non-round surface
The document for cutting model and process aspect is less.
As science and technology and industrial expansion, the demand of each class component precision manufactureing are continuously increased, Numeric Control Technology is also continuous
Innovation, grinding develop towards high-speed, high precision high production rate.For plane special-shaped non-circular profile, either the number determined
The profile for learning model tormulation, is also possible to the profile provided by discrete point cloud data.Non-circular grinding is generally referred in numerical control grinding
In process, the track of grinding points is the grinding process of non-circular curve.Generally use the grinding points tracking of the synchronous grinding of C-X axis
Technology, grinding machine head stock frame, that is, C axis drive workpiece rotation, and grinding carriage, that is, X-axis instructs servo follow-up tracing grinding points to be ground according to head frame
A kind of technology.Using computer numerical control technology, the cross of corresponding numerical control program control grinding wheel is worked out according to workpiece profile shape
The linkage moved to tracking feeding (X-axis) and workpiece revolution (C axis), to form required external form profile to process.This Full-numerical-control
The grinding processing method of type, which can be directed to different products only and need, to be changed numerical control program and can realize the rapid processing of product,
Overcome that pattern existing for traditional diamond-making technique is easy to wear, precision is difficult to ensure, the production cycle is long, cumbersome and heavy workload of mapping
Etc. a series of defects, have the advantages that degree of precision, high efficiency, high flexibility.
Summary of the invention
The characteristics of processing it is an object of the invention to the non-circular surfaces of deficiency and glass for prior art, provides a kind of base
In point cloud data description non-circular bend glass ornaments grinding method, according to description workpiece profile shape coordinate point data,
Acquire grinding points using the grinding points lookup method based on binary search, thus obtain control workpiece revolution (C axis) movement and
The linkage data of longitudinal tracking feeding (Y-axis).
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
Include the following steps:
Step 1: determining the linkage data of the revolution C axis movement of control workpiece and longitudinal tracking feeding Y-axis.Specific steps are such as
Under:
(1), the equation of known grinding wheel cylindrical are as follows: (x-X) ^2+ (y-Y ') ^2=R^2, in formula: (X, Y ') it is grinding wheel center
O1Coordinate, R be grinding wheel radius；The coordinate point data for describing workpiece profile is stored in array Array1, and first
The coordinate of a coordinate points is stored in the end of array, array length k again.Enable i for the subscript of array, i=0,1,2,3 ... ...,
K-1, initial position i=0；Workpiece centre O coordinate is (X, Y), and the coordinate points that each workpiece profile thus can be calculated are opposite
The L answerediAnd θi: wherein LiFor each workpiece profile coordinate points to workpiece centre O distance, Lmax be all LiIn maximum
Value, Lmin are all LiIn minimum value, θiFor the line and previous coordinate points to workpiece of each coordinate points to workpiece centre O
Angle between the line of centres, θ0=0, as shown in Figure 1.Array Array1 is copied into array Array2.
(2) rotation processing, is carried out to coordinate point datas all in array Array2:
Coordinate points all in array Array2 are rotated counterclockwise around workpiece centre, rotation angle is i-th of coordinate points
Corresponding θi, one group of new coordinate points (x is obtained by coordinate rotation formulai’,yi'), as shown in Fig. 2, and calculated result is deposited
It is placed in backup array Array3.In array Array2 after the rotation of all the points coordinate have been calculated finish after array Array3 is replicated
To array Array2, and it is transferred to step (3).Postrotational coordinate (xi’,yi') calculation formula is shown in formula (1), formula (2):
xi'=(xi-X)*cosθi-(yi-Y)*sinθi+X(1)；
yi'=(xi-X)*sinθi+(yi-Y)*cosθi+Y(2)；
(3), calculate separately in grinding wheel along axis motion process, the center ordinate Y of grinding wheel1、Y2、Y3, wherein Y1=Y-Li-
R, Y2=Y-Lmax-R；Y1Initial value be according to the corresponding L of the i-th coordinate points in array Array1iIt acquires, value is in workpiece
Heart ordinate Y subtracts Li, then subtract grinding wheel radius R；Y2Initial value be a determining value, value is that workpiece centre ordinate Y subtracts
Lmax is removed, then subtracts grinding wheel radius R；Y3It is Y1With Y2The average value of sum.
(4), the value d of grinding wheel degree of closeness is calculated:
Y3=(Y1+Y2)/2 obtain round equation (x-X) ^2+ (y-Y after substitution3) ^2=R^2, judge workpiece and grinding wheel
The expression formula such as formula (3) of the value d of degree of closeness:
D=(x-X) ^2+ (y-Y3)^2-R^2(3)；
Coordinate points make d < 0 if it exists, illustrate that workpiece profile intersects with emery wheel outer circle；If all the points all make d > 0, illustrate work
Part profile and emery wheel outer circle mutually from；As d=0, indicate that workpiece profile and emery wheel outer circle are tangent；When | d | when being approximately equal to 0, table
Bright workpiece profile is approximate with emery wheel outer circle tangent；
(5), by all coordinate points (x in Array2i', yi') substitute into formula (3) respectively, and acquire the minimum value of d
dmin。
| dmin | when > Δ, Δ is the value set according to error requirements, it is assumed that corresponding at this time when meeting the condition
That point is approximate point of contact.Δ is arranged smaller, and the error of generation will be smaller, but corresponding calculation amount is bigger, according to error
It is required that being adjusted to Δ value；When such as dmin < 0, Y is enabled1=Y3, and it is transferred to step (4)；When such as dmin > 0, Y is enabled2=Y3, and turn
Enter step (4)；
| dmin | when≤Δ, grinding wheel center ordinate Y at this time3It is assigned to Yi', here it is requiring as a result, and jumping to
Step (6)；
(6), the ordinate Y according to obtained from step calculated result (5)i', calculate at this time workpiece centre O into grinding wheel
The distance D of the hearti, i.e. Di=Y-Yi'.According to the D acquirediThe angle, θ rotated with workpiece around its centeri, so that it is determined that control workpiece
Turn round the linkage data of the movement of C axis and longitudinal tracking feeding Y-axis.
As i=k-1, illustrate grinding points all at this time it has been determined that and being transferred to step (7)；Otherwise it is transferred to step (2),
Rotation processing is carried out to next coordinate point data；
(7), terminate, obtain all grinding points.
Step 2: the linkage number of the revolution C axis movement of control workpiece and longitudinal tracking feeding Y-axis obtained according to step 1
According to the external form profile of any non-circular bend glass ornaments to be processed of grinding.
Compared with prior art, having the beneficial effect that only need to be according to glass pieces contour point data for the method for the present invention
And the structural parameters of numerically-controlled machine tool, the linkage number of control workpiece revolution (C axis) movement and longitudinal tracking feeding (Y-axis) can be obtained
According to.Whether there is or not determining mathematical models can be applicable in for profile, and grinding accuracy is high, and error is small.It preferably overcomes in engineering by several
The disadvantages of mapping that graphing method acquires special-shaped non-circular profile machining locus is cumbersome, heavy workload, also overcomes curve matching
Method, there are error of fitting, formula calculates complicated disadvantage.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the location diagram of grinding process medium plain emery wheel and workpiece profile of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is coordinate rotation schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is outline drawing when grinding wheel moves closer to grinding points.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is explained with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, using a kind of grinding method of non-circular bend glass ornaments based on point cloud data description, to any
Non-circular bend glass workpiece is processed, and figure label 1 is non-circular bend glass workpiece, and 2 be grinding wheel, and O is workpiece centre, O1For
The grinding wheel center of circle.
Step 1: determining the linkage data of the revolution C axis movement of control workpiece and longitudinal tracking feeding Y-axis.Specific steps are such as
Under:
(1), the equation of known grinding wheel cylindrical are as follows: (x-X) ^2+ (y-Y ') ^2=R^2, in formula: (X, Y ') it is grinding wheel center
O1Coordinate, R be grinding wheel radius；The coordinate point data for describing workpiece profile is stored in array Array1, and first
The coordinate of a coordinate points is stored in the end of array, array length k again.Enable i for the subscript of array, i=0,1,2,3 ... ...,
K-1, initial position i=0；Workpiece centre O coordinate is (X, Y), and the coordinate points that each workpiece profile thus can be calculated are opposite
The L answerediAnd θi: wherein LiFor each workpiece profile coordinate points to workpiece centre O distance, Lmax be all LiIn maximum
Value, Lmin are all LiIn minimum value, θiFor the line and previous coordinate points to workpiece of each coordinate points to workpiece centre O
Angle between the line of centres, θ0=0, as shown in Figure 1.Array Array1 is copied into array Array2.
(2) rotation processing, is carried out to coordinate point datas all in array Array2:
Coordinate points all in array Array2 are rotated counterclockwise around workpiece centre, rotation angle is i-th of coordinate points
Corresponding θi, one group of new coordinate points (x is obtained by coordinate rotation formulai’,yi'), as shown in Fig. 2, and calculated result is deposited
It is placed in backup array Array3.In array Array2 after the rotation of all the points coordinate have been calculated finish after array Array3 is replicated
To array Array2, and it is transferred to step (3).Postrotational coordinate (xi’,yi') calculation formula is shown in formula (1), formula (2):
xi'=(xi-X)*cosθi-(yi-Y)*sinθi+X (1)；
yi'=(xi-X)*sinθi+(yi-Y)*cosθi+Y (2)；
(3), calculate separately in grinding wheel along axis motion process, the center ordinate Y of grinding wheel1、Y2、Y3, wherein Y1=Y-Li-
R, Y2=Y-Lmax-R；Y1Initial value be according to the corresponding L of the i-th coordinate points in array Array1iIt acquires, value is in workpiece
Heart ordinate Y subtracts Li, then subtract grinding wheel radius R；Y2Initial value be a determining value, value is that workpiece centre ordinate Y subtracts
Lmax is removed, then subtracts grinding wheel radius R；Y3It is Y1With Y2The average value of sum.
(4), the value d of grinding wheel degree of closeness is calculated:
Y3=(Y1+Y2)/2 obtain round equation (x-X) ^2+ (y-Y after substitution3) ^2=R^2, judge workpiece and grinding wheel
The expression formula such as formula (3) of the value d of degree of closeness:
D=(x-X) ^2+ (y-Y3)^2-R^2 (3)；
Coordinate points make d < 0 if it exists, illustrate that workpiece profile intersects with emery wheel outer circle；If all the points all make d > 0, illustrate work
Part profile and emery wheel outer circle mutually from；As d=0, indicate that workpiece profile and emery wheel outer circle are tangent；When | d | when being approximately equal to 0, table
Bright workpiece profile is approximate with emery wheel outer circle tangent；
(5), by all coordinate points (x in Array2i', yi') substitute into formula (3) respectively, and acquire the minimum value of d
dmin。
| dmin | when > Δ, Δ is the value set according to error requirements, it is assumed that corresponding at this time when meeting the condition
That point is approximate point of contact.Δ is arranged smaller, and the error of generation will be smaller, but corresponding calculation amount is bigger, according to error
It is required that being adjusted to Δ value；When such as dmin < 0, Y is enabled1=Y3, and it is transferred to step (4)；When such as dmin > 0, Y is enabled2=Y3, and turn
Enter step (4)；
| dmin | when≤Δ, grinding wheel center ordinate Y at this time3It is assigned to Yi', here it is requiring as a result, and jumping to
Step (6)；
(6), the ordinate Y according to obtained from step calculated result (5)i', calculate at this time workpiece centre O into grinding wheel
The distance D of the hearti, i.e. Di=Y-Yi'.According to the D acquirediThe angle, θ rotated with workpiece around its centeri, so that it is determined that control workpiece
Turn round the linkage data of the movement of C axis and longitudinal tracking feeding Y-axis.
As i=k-1, illustrate grinding points all at this time it has been determined that and being transferred to step (7)；Otherwise it is transferred to step (2),
Rotation processing is carried out to next coordinate point data；
(7), terminate, obtain all grinding points.
Step 2: the linkage number of the revolution C axis movement of control workpiece and longitudinal tracking feeding Y-axis obtained according to step 1
According to the external form profile of any non-circular bend glass ornaments to be processed of grinding.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of grinding method of the non-circular bend glass ornaments based on point cloud data description, it is characterised in that: including walking as follows
It is rapid:
Include the following steps:
Step 1: determining the linkage data of the revolution C axis movement of control workpiece and longitudinal tracking feeding Y-axis；Specific step is as follows:
(1), the equation of known grinding wheel cylindrical are as follows: (x-X) ^2+ (y-Y ') ^2=R^2, in formula: (X, Y ') it is grinding wheel center O1Seat
Mark, R are the radius of grinding wheel；The coordinate point data for describing workpiece profile is stored in array Array1, and first coordinate
The coordinate of point is stored in the end of array, array length k again；Enable i for the subscript of array, i=0,1,2,3 ... ..., k-1, just
Beginning position i=0；Workpiece centre O coordinate is (X, Y), and the corresponding L of coordinate points of each workpiece profile thus can be calculatedi
And θi: wherein LiFor each workpiece profile coordinate points to workpiece centre O distance, Lmax be all LiIn maximum value, Lmin
For all LiIn minimum value, θiFor the line and previous coordinate points to workpiece centre line of each coordinate points to workpiece centre O
Between angle, θ0=0, as shown in Figure 1；Array Array1 is copied into array Array2；
(2) rotation processing, is carried out to coordinate point datas all in array Array2:
Coordinate points all in array Array2 are rotated counterclockwise around workpiece centre, rotation angle is that i-th of coordinate points is corresponding
θi, one group of new coordinate points (x is obtained by coordinate rotation formulai’,yi'), as shown in Fig. 2, and calculated result is stored in
In backup array Array3；In array Array2 after the rotation of all the points coordinate have been calculated finish after array Array3 copied into number
Group Array2, and it is transferred to step (3)；Postrotational coordinate (xi’,yi') calculation formula is shown in formula (1), formula (2):
xi'=(xi-X)*cosθi-(yi-Y)*sinθi+X (1)；
yi'=(xi-X)*sinθi+(yi-Y)*cosθi+Y (2)；
(3), calculate separately in grinding wheel along axis motion process, the center ordinate Y of grinding wheel1、Y2、Y3, wherein Y1=Y-Li- R, Y2
=Y-Lmax-R；Y1Initial value be according to the corresponding L of the i-th coordinate points in array Array1iIt acquires, value is vertical for workpiece centre
Coordinate Y subtracts Li, then subtract grinding wheel radius R；Y2Initial value be a determining value, value is that workpiece centre ordinate Y is subtracted
Lmax, then subtract grinding wheel radius R；Y3It is Y1With Y2The average value of sum；
(4), the value d of grinding wheel degree of closeness is calculated:
Y3=(Y1+Y2)/2 obtain round equation (x-X) ^2+ (y-Y after substitution3) ^2=R^2, judge that workpiece and grinding wheel are close
The expression formula such as formula (3) of the value d of degree:
D=(x-X) ^2+ (y-Y3)^2-R^2 (3)；
Coordinate points make d < 0 if it exists, illustrate that workpiece profile intersects with emery wheel outer circle；If all the points all make d > 0, illustrate workpiece wheel
It is wide with emery wheel outer circle phase from；As d=0, indicate that workpiece profile and emery wheel outer circle are tangent；When | d | when being approximately equal to 0, show work
Part profile is approximate with emery wheel outer circle tangent；
(5), by all coordinate points (x in Array2i', yi') substitute into formula (3) respectively, and acquire the minimum value dmin of d；
| dmin | when > Δ, Δ is the value set according to error requirements, when meeting the condition it is assumed that it is corresponding at this time that
Point is approximate point of contact；Δ is arranged smaller, and the error of generation will be smaller, but corresponding calculation amount is bigger, according to error requirements
Δ value is adjusted；When such as dmin < 0, Y is enabled1=Y3, and it is transferred to step (4)；When such as dmin > 0, Y is enabled2=Y3, and it is transferred to step
Suddenly (4)；
| dmin | when≤Δ, grinding wheel center ordinate Y at this time3It is assigned to Yi', here it is requiring as a result, and jumping to step
(6)；
(6), the ordinate Y according to obtained from step calculated result (5)i', calculate at this time workpiece centre O to grinding wheel center
Distance Di, i.e. Di=Y-Yi'；According to the D acquirediThe angle, θ rotated with workpiece around its centeri, so that it is determined that control workpiece turns round C
The linkage data of axis movement and longitudinal tracking feeding Y-axis；
As i=k-1, illustrate grinding points all at this time it has been determined that and being transferred to step (7)；Otherwise step is transferred to (2), under
One coordinate point data carries out rotation processing；
(7), terminate, obtain all grinding points；
Step 2: the linkage data of the revolution C axis movement of control workpiece and longitudinal tracking feeding Y-axis obtained according to step 1, mill
Cut the external form profile of any non-circular bend glass ornaments to be processed.
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| CN110340754A (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2019-10-18 | 厦门理工学院 | A kind of longitudinal grinding outer circle abrasive grain track determines method |
| CN112264842A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-26 | 福州大学 | Constant linear velocity grinding method based on polar coordinate glass edge grinding machine |
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| CN110340754B (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2020-08-21 | 厦门理工学院 | Method for determining grinding particle track of longitudinally ground excircle |
| CN112264842A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-26 | 福州大学 | Constant linear velocity grinding method based on polar coordinate glass edge grinding machine |
| CN112264842B (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2022-03-11 | 福州大学 | Constant linear velocity grinding method based on polar coordinate glass edge grinding machine |
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