CN109332594B - Connecting method of impurity clamping preventing pouring cup for large casting - Google Patents
Connecting method of impurity clamping preventing pouring cup for large casting Download PDFInfo
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- CN109332594B CN109332594B CN201811380011.1A CN201811380011A CN109332594B CN 109332594 B CN109332594 B CN 109332594B CN 201811380011 A CN201811380011 A CN 201811380011A CN 109332594 B CN109332594 B CN 109332594B
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- cup
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
- B22C9/082—Sprues, pouring cups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
Abstract
The invention discloses a connecting method of an anti-impurity-clamping sprue cup for a large casting, which comprises the following steps of: and (3) manufacturing sprue cups and sprue cup stand stage wax patterns, which are shown in attached figures 1 and 2. Taking the height e of the sprue cup platform stage as 10-20mm, connecting the sprue cup and the sprue cup platform stage and manufacturing a shell, and winding steel wires when coating 4-5 layers on the shell, as shown in figure 3. The mating section of the pouring cup is made according to FIG. 4, making the dimension Phia the same as the dimension Phia of FIG. 2, the dimension B slightly shorter than B, and the dimensions E and E the same. And connecting the sprue cup matching section wax piece with the casting wax piece and manufacturing a shell. Before pouring, the pouring cup is connected with the casting shell by refractory mortar. The connecting method of the impurity clamping preventing pouring cup for the large casting can completely avoid the increase of impurities in the casting in the pouring cup connecting process and the high-temperature pouring process, reduce the installation and operation difficulty, well separate metal materials and improve the metallurgical quality of the casting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of structural design and application of a casting shell, and particularly provides a connecting method of an anti-impurity-clamping pouring cup for a large casting.
Background
In the manufacturing process of the large ceramic shell, due to the quality problems of combination and shell manufacturing, the casting produces inclusions in the pouring process, and the metallurgical quality of the casting is influenced. Generally, because a large casting has a large size, a large amount of poured molten steel is required, and a fast pouring speed is required, the height of a pouring cup reaches or exceeds the height of the whole shell, and the pouring cup is directly combined on a casting body during wax combination, so that the casting is doubled, and therefore, for manufacturing the shell of the large casting, the pouring cup is generally installed before pouring. The installation of large-scale pouring cup generally adopts the mode of butt joint or grafting to carry out, and this kind of pouring cup connected mode is simple relatively, but can cause the inclusion such as overlap of pouring cup lower limb to fall into the shell in the pouring cup process of laying, and the refractory material of pouring cup lower limb also probably is rushed into inside the foundry goods and causes the inclusion in addition when pouring, leads to the increase of foundry goods metallurgical defect, increases subsequent processing work load, prolongs the lead-time.
The mode of adopting butt joint or grafting needs additionally to adjust the level to the upper plane of pouring basin in pouring basin laying process, need support the pouring basin in pouring basin and the foundry goods shell bonding process, avoids pouring basin and foundry goods shell relative position to change when the fire clay between pouring basin and the foundry goods shell does not establish intensity.
The mode of butt joint or splicing of the pouring cup is adopted, the metal material near the pouring cup after pouring is recovered, the metal material at the joint of the pouring cup after casting is connected with the refractory material and is difficult to separate, so that dozens of kilograms of metal material cannot be recovered, and the metal material is wasted.
People hope to obtain a connecting method of an impurity clamping preventing pouring cup for a large casting with excellent technical effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a connecting method of an impurity clamping preventing sprue cup for a large casting with excellent technical effect. The metallurgical quality of the casting is improved, and the inclusion defect of the casting is reduced.
The method for connecting the impurity-clamping-preventing pouring cup for the large casting comprises the following steps: manufacturing a pouring cup mold and a wax piece, manufacturing a pouring cup stage mold and a wax piece, connecting a pouring cup and a pouring cup stage wax piece, manufacturing a pouring cup matching section mold and a wax piece, assembling and welding the pouring cup matching section wax piece to a casting pouring gate position, manufacturing a pouring cup assembly shell, manufacturing a large casting shell, combining a pouring cup shell and a large casting shell, and preheating and pouring the shell.
The connecting method and the connecting process of the impurity-clamping-preventing pouring cup for the large casting are as follows:
firstly, manufacturing a sprue cup and a sprue cup table stage mould, and pressing a wax pattern; the sprue cup mold can adopt a large funnel-shaped sprue cup, and is particularly shown in figure 1, a sprue cup stage mold is manufactured, and is particularly shown in figure 2, the sprue cup stage mold is an annular wax part, the size of an upper opening of the sprue cup stage is ensured to be the same as that of a lower opening of the sprue cup, and a section of height e matched with the sprue cup stage is 10-20 mm;
and (3) manufacturing a large sprue cup mold and a wax piece by adopting equipment such as a large wax pressing machine, wherein the sizes and the heights of an upper opening and a lower opening of the wax piece are selected according to the size of the cast piece and the specification of pouring equipment. In order to reduce the wax material consumption of the large-scale wax casting, the large-scale sprue cup wax casting is of a hollow structure. Like the original pouring cup mold, the pouring cup can be directly used without manufacturing a new mold.
Manufacturing a shell of the large sprue cup; the common shell is coated with 6-10 layers, and when the shell is coated with 4-5 layers, thin steel wires are wound on the side surfaces of the pouring cup and the pouring cup platform, so that the strength of the pouring cup is increased, and the pouring cup is prevented from being damaged by punching in the high-temperature pouring process, and the pouring fails. The thickness of the shell made by the pouring cup is controlled between 10mm and 20 mm; to avoid the difficulty of the installation process caused by too thick or too thin shell, see in particular fig. 3.
Thirdly, manufacturing a sprue cup matching section mold; the shape of the matching section is a turned edge structure with an inner tooth, the turned edge structure is matched with the sprue cup stage for use, the size phi A of an inner opening of the sprue cup matching section is the same as the size phi a of an inner opening of the sprue cup stage, the size B of the sprue cup matching section in the flat section size of the two turned edge structures is slightly shorter than the size B of the flat section of the sprue cup stage, and the turned edge heights E and E of the sprue cup stage and the sprue cup matching section are the same; see in particular fig. 4. The whole matched turning edge part can be in close contact with and stressed evenly after matching.
And fourthly, connecting the sprue cup matching section wax piece with the casting body to ensure that the surface of the wax piece at the connecting part is smooth and the connection is tight. A layer of plastic film is adhered to the upper opening of the sprue cup matching section, so that the upper surface of the sprue cup matching section is prevented from being covered by refractory slurry in the shell manufacturing process;
dewaxing and roasting the pouring cup shell and the large casting shell of the prepared shell;
combining the pouring cup shell with the large casting shell before pouring; installing the pouring cup platform stage in a pouring cup matching section of the large-scale shell; the placing process needs to be carried out lightly, so that the shell is prevented from being collided and damaged.
Seventhly, connecting the sprue cup and the sprue cup matching section by using refractory mortar; the refractory mortar fills a gap between the outer part of the pouring cup and the matching section of the pouring cup and is ensured to be 5-10mm higher than the matching section of the pouring cup; referring specifically to fig. 5;
and eighthly, preheating and pouring the combined shell.
The connecting method of the impurity clamping preventing pouring cup for the large casting can completely avoid the problem that the casting is mixed due to the connection of the pouring cups, and avoid the mixing caused by the fact that the fire clay for connection falls into the shell during high-temperature pouring. By adopting the connection mode, the inner surface of the shell is a smooth inner wall, and the refractory mortar is bonded outside the turning edge of the matching section of the pouring cup, so that the refractory mortar is completely prevented from falling into the shell. The casting produced by the sprue cup connection mode has good quality, and the unnecessary impurity treatment process can be reduced in the post-process, so that the yield of the casting is improved. In addition, the connecting mode of the pouring cup can ensure that the connecting strength of the pouring cup and the shell is high, the pouring cup is kept horizontal with the casting after being connected, the pouring cup is prevented from influencing the pouring speed of the casting, and the pouring cup is prevented from being damaged due to the fact that the pouring cup cannot bear the pressure of molten steel in the pouring process.
By adopting the connecting mode of the sprue cup, the inclusion defect of a large casting can be obviously reduced, the defect reduction 5 points of each casting are calculated, the defect treatment cost is 1 thousand yuan, and the defect treatment cost of each casting is reduced by 0.5 ten thousand yuan. The defect treatment cost of the casting can be reduced by 100 ten thousand yuan according to the production of 200 large castings per year.
The connecting method of the impurity clamping preventing pouring cup for the large casting is used for manufacturing the pouring cup and the matching section of the pouring cup, so that impurities brought into the shell in the connecting process and the pouring process of the pouring cup can be avoided, and the quality of the large casting is stabilized. The problem that the surface layer of the casting shell at the connecting part of the pouring cup falls off and enters the casting to cause the internal inclusion of the casting due to the scouring of molten steel at high temperature is solved. The technology can effectively improve the metallurgical quality of the casting, reduce the lead time of the product, reduce the production cost and improve the competitiveness of the product.
The connecting method of the impurity clamping preventing pouring cup for the large casting can reduce the placing time of the pouring cup. This kind of connected mode can guarantee that the pouring basin is steady to be laid at the shell sprue top, need not additionally adjust the cooperation angle of pouring basin and sprue, because the fitting surface is great, can guarantee that whole pouring basin is preheating and pouring in-process reliable and stable.
The connecting method of the impurity-clamping-preventing pouring cup for the large casting does not increase impurities, improves the competitiveness of products, reduces the defect treatment time of the casting, improves the pouring quality of the casting, and reduces the production period.
The connecting method of the impurity clamping preventing pouring cup for the large casting can completely avoid the increase of impurities in the casting in the pouring cup connecting process and the high-temperature pouring process, reduce the installation and operation difficulty of the pouring cup, well separate metal materials, improve the metallurgical quality of the casting, ensure the delivery progress of products and reduce the production cost.
The connecting method for the anti-impurity-clamping pouring cup for the large casting has the advantages that the pouring cup for the large casting is placed by the connecting method: the risk of increasing the metallurgical defects of the casting caused in the pouring cup placing process can be completely avoided. In the manufacturing process of the pouring cup, the steel wire weaving net is added on the side wall of the pouring cup, so that the side strength of the pouring cup can be improved, and the problem of pouring failure caused by molten steel bursting of the pouring cup in the high-temperature use process is completely avoided. The sprue cup and the manufacturing form of the sprue cup matching section wax piece mainly relate to the scheme, and can ensure that inclusions cannot be brought into the shell in the connection process of the large casting sprue cup. By adopting the connection mode, the metal material poured near the matching section of the pouring cup and the pouring cup can be conveniently separated from the refractory material for the shell, so that the material can be effectively recycled, and the waste of the metal material is avoided. The wax piece and the turned edge of the large sprue cup are manufactured separately and then connected, so that the original mold can be fully utilized, and the improvement is carried out on the basis, and the scrapping of the mold is avoided. By adopting the connection mode, the connection between the pouring cup and the shell can be ensured to be tight, and the pouring cup is prevented from being supported and adjusted horizontally in the bonding process. The steel mesh is added to the side wall in the pouring cup manufacturing process, so that the strength of the side wall of the pouring cup can be obviously improved, and the problems of pouring cup toppling, side wall cracking and the like of a casting in the pouring process can be avoided.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and embodiments:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a sprue cup wax;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a sprue cup stage wax part;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the sprue cup bonding station after crust application at the stage;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a sprue cup mating segment wax piece;
FIG. 5 is a simplified illustration of the combination of a pouring cup and a large casting; wherein, 10 is a pouring cup, 11 is refractory clay, 12 is a matching section of the pouring cup, and 13 is a casting shell.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The method for connecting the impurity-clamping-preventing pouring cup for the large casting comprises the following steps: manufacturing a pouring cup mold and a wax piece, manufacturing a pouring cup stage mold and a wax piece, connecting a pouring cup and a pouring cup stage wax piece, manufacturing a pouring cup matching section mold and a wax piece, welding the pouring cup matching section wax piece to a casting pouring gate position, manufacturing a pouring cup assembly shell, manufacturing a large casting shell, combining a pouring cup assembly shell and a large casting shell, and preheating and pouring the shell.
The connecting method and the connecting process of the impurity-clamping-preventing pouring cup for the large casting are as follows:
firstly, manufacturing a sprue cup and a sprue cup table stage mould, and pressing a wax pattern; the sprue cup can be in a funnel shape, specifically referring to fig. 1, a sprue cup stage mold is manufactured, specifically referring to fig. 2, the sprue cup stage mold is an annular wax part, the size of an upper opening of the sprue cup stage is ensured to be the same as that of a lower opening of the sprue cup, and a section of height e matched with the sprue cup stage is 10-20 mm; the size phi a of the wax piece upper opening 3 at the sprue cup stage is the same as the size phi a of the sprue cup lower opening 4, the height dimension e is 10-20mm, and the height dimension i can be 20-30 mm. The size b is 10-40mm, and the phi c is 1-5mm larger than the phi a +2b, so that the turn-over surface has a certain angle. And butting the lower opening 1 of the sprue cup wax part with the upper opening 3 of the sprue cup stage wax part together, and ironing the surface of the joint to keep the surface smooth. A layer of plastic cloth is respectively adhered to the upper surface 2 of the sprue cup wax part and the lower surface 4 of the sprue cup stage wax part, so that the upper surface and the lower surface of the sprue cup which are not coated with paint are completely covered with the plastic cloth, and the influence on the normal use of a sprue cup shell caused by coating of refractory materials on the upper surface and the lower surface in the shell manufacturing process is avoided.
Manufacturing a shell of the large sprue cup; the casting shell is generally coated with 6-10 layers, and when the casting shell is coated with 4-6 layers, thin steel wires with the diameter of 0.5-1.5mm are wound on the side surfaces of the pouring cup and the pouring cup platform, so that the strength of the pouring cup is increased, and the pouring cup is prevented from being damaged in the high-temperature pouring process, and the pouring failure is avoided. The thickness of the shell made by the pouring cup is controlled between 10mm and 20 mm; to avoid the difficulty of the installation process caused by too thick or too thin shell, see in particular fig. 3. The outermost layer of the pouring cup is a sealing slurry layer, the outermost layer of the pouring cup is used for manufacturing the pouring cup, and the outer surface of the pouring cup is restored to be a smooth surface, so that the surface of the pouring cup is clean and tidy, and impurities such as floating sand do not exist. And dewaxing and roasting after the sprue cup is manufactured.
Thirdly, manufacturing a sprue cup matching section mold; the shape of the matching section is a turned edge structure with an inner tooth, the turned edge structure is matched with the sprue cup stage for use, the size phi A of an inner opening of the sprue cup matching section is the same as the size phi a of an inner opening of the sprue cup stage, the size B of the sprue cup matching section in the flat section size of the two turned edge structures is slightly shorter than the size B of the flat section of the sprue cup stage, and the turned edge heights E and E of the sprue cup matching section and the sprue cup stage are the same; ensuring that the whole matched turned edge section can be in close contact with and uniformly stressed after matching, and generally taking 10-20mm for E and E; Φ a ═ Φ a; b ═ B + (1-3) mm; Φ C ═ Φ a +2B + (2-5) mm; d is 15-20 mm; alpha is less than or equal to 70 degrees. The height F can be 30-50mm, and the height G can be 60-100 mm; the phi H size is consistent with or slightly smaller than 1-3mm of a casting sprue. See in particular fig. 4.
And fourthly, connecting the sprue cup matching section wax piece with the casting body to ensure that the surface of the wax piece at the connecting part is smooth and the connection is tight. A layer of plastic film is adhered to the upper opening of the sprue cup matching section, so that the upper surface of the sprue cup matching section is prevented from being covered by refractory slurry in the shell manufacturing process.
And fifthly, combining the matching section of the sprue cup on the shell of the large casting to manufacture the shell of the large casting. Dewaxing and roasting the large casting shell after the large casting shell is manufactured.
Combining the pouring cup with the large-scale shell before pouring; installing the pouring cup platform stage in a pouring cup matching section of the large-scale shell; the placing process needs to be carried out lightly, so that the shell is prevented from being collided and damaged.
Seventhly, connecting the sprue cup and the sprue cup matching section by using refractory mortar; the refractory mortar fills the gap between the exterior of the pouring cup and the matching section of the pouring cup and ensures that the refractory mortar is 5-10mm higher than the matching section of the pouring cup. The standing and parking time of the shell after the pouring cup is bonded is required to be more than 24 hours, so that the strength is built at the joint of the shell and the pouring cup. Referring specifically to fig. 5;
and eighthly, preheating and pouring the combined shell. And (4) wrapping the surface of the shell provided with the pouring cup, and then preheating and pouring the shell.
The connecting method of the impurity clamping preventing pouring cup for the large casting can completely avoid the problem that the casting is mixed due to the connection of the pouring cups, and avoid the mixing caused by the fact that the fire clay for connection falls into the shell during high-temperature pouring. By adopting the connection mode, the inner surface of the shell is a smooth inner wall, and the refractory mortar is bonded outside the turning edge of the matching section of the pouring cup, so that the refractory mortar is completely prevented from falling into the shell. The casting produced by the sprue cup connection mode has good quality, and the unnecessary impurity treatment process can be reduced in the post-process, so that the yield of the casting is improved. In addition, the connecting mode of the pouring cup can ensure that the connecting strength of the pouring cup and the shell is high, the pouring cup is kept horizontal with the casting after being connected, the pouring cup is prevented from influencing the pouring speed of the casting, and the pouring cup is prevented from being damaged due to the fact that the pouring cup cannot bear the pressure of molten steel in the pouring process.
By adopting the connecting mode of the sprue cup, the inclusion defect of a large casting can be obviously reduced, the defect reduction 5 points of each casting are calculated, the defect treatment cost is 1 thousand yuan, and the defect treatment cost of each casting is reduced by 0.5 ten thousand yuan. The defect treatment cost of the casting can be reduced by 100 ten thousand yuan according to the production of 200 large castings per year.
The connecting method of the impurity clamping preventing pouring cup for the large casting is used for manufacturing the pouring cup and the matching section of the pouring cup, so that impurities brought into the shell in the connecting process and the pouring process of the pouring cup can be avoided, and the quality of the casing casting is stabilized. The problem that the surface layer of the shell part falls off and enters the casting to cause the internal inclusion of the casting due to the scouring of molten steel at high temperature is solved. The technology can effectively improve the metallurgical quality of the casting, reduce the lead time of the product, reduce the production cost and improve the competitiveness of the product.
The connecting method of the impurity clamping preventing pouring cup for the large casting can reduce the placing time of the pouring cup. This kind of connected mode can guarantee that the pouring basin is steady to be laid at the shell sprue top, need not additionally adjust the cooperation angle of pouring basin and sprue, because the fitting surface is great, can guarantee that whole pouring basin is preheating and pouring in-process reliable and stable.
The connecting method of the impurity-clamping-preventing pouring cup for the large casting does not increase impurities, improves the competitiveness of products, reduces the defect treatment time of the casting, improves the pouring quality of the casting, and reduces the production period.
The invention provides a connecting method of an anti-impurity-clamping pouring cup for a large casting, which can completely avoid the increase of impurities in the casting in the pouring cup connecting process and the high-temperature pouring process, reduce the installation operation difficulty, well separate metal materials, improve the metallurgical quality of the casting, ensure the delivery progress of products and reduce the production cost.
Claims (1)
1. A connecting method of an anti-impurity-clamping pouring cup for a large casting is characterized by comprising the following steps: the connecting method and the connecting process of the impurity-clamping-preventing pouring cup for the large casting are as follows:
firstly, manufacturing a sprue cup and a sprue cup table stage mould, and pressing a wax pattern; manufacturing a funnel-shaped pouring cup mold, and manufacturing a pouring cup stage mold, wherein the pouring cup stage mold is an annular wax piece, so that the size of an upper opening of the pouring cup stage is the same as that of a lower opening of a pouring cup, and the height e of a section of the pouring cup stage matched with the pouring cup stage is 10-20 mm; manufacturing a large sprue cup mold and a wax part by using a large wax pressing machine;
manufacturing a shell of the large sprue cup; coating 6-10 layers of shell, winding thin steel wires on the side surfaces of the sprue cup and the sprue cup platform when coating 4-5 layers of shell, and controlling the thickness of the sprue cup shell to be 10-20 mm;
thirdly, manufacturing a sprue cup matching section mold; the shape of the sprue cup matching section is a turned edge structure with inner teeth, the turned edge structure is matched with the sprue cup platform in stage for use, the size phi A of an inner opening of the sprue cup matching section is the same as the size phi a of an inner opening of the sprue cup platform in stage, the size B of the sprue cup matching section in the flat section size of the two turned edge structures is slightly shorter than the size B of the flat section of the sprue cup platform in stage, and the turned edge height E of the sprue cup is the same as the height E of the sprue cup matching section;
connecting the wax piece of the matching section of the pouring cup with the casting body, and sticking a layer of plastic film to the upper opening of the matching section of the pouring cup to prevent the upper surface of the matching section of the pouring cup from being covered by refractory slurry in the shell manufacturing process;
dewaxing and roasting the pouring cup shell and the large casting shell of the prepared shell;
combining the pouring cup shell with the large casting shell before pouring; installing the pouring cup platform stage in a pouring cup matching section of the large-scale shell;
seventhly, connecting the sprue cup and the sprue cup matching section by using refractory mortar; the refractory mortar fills a gap between the outer part of the pouring cup and the matching section of the pouring cup and is ensured to be 5-10mm higher than the matching section of the pouring cup;
and eighthly, preheating and pouring the combined shell.
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| CN110238351B (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2021-03-23 | 临沂盛德机械有限公司 | Ultra-thin type piston mould waters |
| CN112496314A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-16 | 吴军辉 | Automobile part casting production processing device convenient for material injection |
| CN113814355B (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-11-08 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Supporting system with exhaust and blocking and mixing functions |
| CN114054681A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-02-18 | 内蒙古第一机械集团股份有限公司 | Pouring basin fixing device for sand casting |
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