CN109332413B

CN109332413B - Aluminum alloy extrusion forming device comprising oiling mechanism

Info

Publication number: CN109332413B
Application number: CN201811508749.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵文德
Original assignee: Hunan One Thousand Sources Aluminum Co ltd
Current assignee: Hunan One Thousand Sources Aluminum Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-12-11
Filing date: 2018-12-11
Publication date: 2021-02-26
Anticipated expiration: 2038-12-11
Also published as: CN109332413A

Abstract

The invention discloses an aluminum alloy extrusion forming device comprising an oiling mechanism, which comprises a workbench, an ejection mechanism, a forming mechanism, a die base, a discharging mechanism and the oiling mechanism, wherein the ejection mechanism is arranged on the workbench; a through groove is formed in the middle of the workbench along the longitudinal direction, and sliding rails are arranged on the upper surface of the workbench along two sides of the through groove; a forming mechanism is arranged above the sliding rail, and a rotatable lifting base for bearing the forming mechanism is arranged below the center of the bottom of the forming mechanism; the ejection mechanism is arranged at one end of the workbench and comprises an extrusion oil cylinder and a hydraulic ejection shaft which is arranged at the front end of the extrusion oil cylinder and faces the forming mechanism; the other end of the workbench is provided with a die base; the other end of the die base is provided with a discharging mechanism; an oiling mechanism is arranged on one side of the forming mechanism; the invention can realize the free switching of the forward and backward extrusion modes in the forming and processing operation of the aluminum alloy section and has the function of efficiently and stably feeding lubricating oil.

Description

Aluminum alloy extrusion forming device comprising oiling mechanism

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy extrusion processing, and particularly relates to an aluminum alloy extrusion forming device comprising an oiling mechanism.

Background

Aluminum extrusion molding is a plastic processing method for obtaining parts or semi-finished products with required section shape and size and certain mechanical property by applying strong pressure on metal blanks placed in a mold cavity (or an extrusion container) to force the metal blanks to generate directional plastic deformation and extruding the metal blanks from a die hole of an extrusion mold.

The conventional aluminum profile extrusion method comprises forward extrusion and backward extrusion, and the difference between the forward extrusion and the backward extrusion is mainly that whether an extrusion cylinder moves in the extrusion processing process or not; the process for extrusion molding of aluminum is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the extrusion process, the extruded metal can obtain a stronger and more uniform three-way compression stress state in a deformation zone than that of rolling and forging, so that the plasticity of the processed metal can be fully exerted; the extrusion molding can not only produce rod, pipe, profile and line products with simple cross section shapes, but also produce section bars and pipe materials with complex cross section shapes; the extrusion forming flexibility is high, products with different shapes and specifications and varieties can be produced on one device only by replacing extrusion tools such as a die, and the operation of replacing the extrusion die is simple, convenient, quick, time-saving and efficient; the precision of the extruded product is high, the surface quality of the product is good, and the utilization rate and the yield of the metal material are also improved; the extrusion process has good influence on the mechanical property of the metal; the process flow is short, the production is convenient, the integral structural member with larger area than the hot die forging or forming rolling method can be obtained or obtained by one-time extrusion, the equipment investment is less, the die cost is low, and the economic benefit is high; the aluminum alloy has good extrusion characteristics, is particularly suitable for extrusion processing, and can be processed by various extrusion processes and various die structures.

Similarly, the aluminum extrusion process has many disadvantages: firstly, due to the flexibility of aluminum extrusion processing, different extrusion modes are required to be quickly switched according to different extrusion processing requirements, and only a small part of the conventional forward extrusion processing equipment can be switched to a backward extrusion processing mode, but the forward extrusion processing equipment only temporarily replaces the backward extrusion processing mode, cannot process for a long time and reduces the processing quality; when the forward extrusion processing equipment is temporarily switched to a reverse pressurization mode, the disassembly and assembly of the whole set of equipment and the replacement of parts also need much time, and the processing production efficiency is obviously influenced; secondly, the replacement, disassembly and assembly efficiency of an indispensable forming template in the aluminum extrusion processing process is also a key ring influencing the processing efficiency; in consideration of the service life, the template can not be used for a long time, and the template also needs to be debugged and replaced quickly for different processing and forming requirements; secondly, the defects of bubbles and peeling of the extruded aluminum profile also frequently occur because the extrusion barrel or the extrusion pad is too dirty, scraps and waste residues in the extrusion barrel are not cleaned in time, and the extrusion barrel is not cleaned completely when the alloy is replaced; when the temperature in the extrusion cylinder and the temperature of the extruded ingot are too high, bubbles and peeling on the surface of the profile may also occur.

For the common forward extrusion, more friction can occur between an extruded ingot and the inner wall of an extrusion container, so that the surface burrs and smoothness defects of the profile produced by the forward extrusion are more than those of the reverse extrusion, and the key for relieving the defects lies in the processing technology and the use of lubricating oil, and when each alloy ingot is replaced, the efficient and comprehensive lubricating oil feeding operation is required.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems, and provides an aluminum alloy extrusion forming device comprising an oiling mechanism, which can realize the free switching of forward and backward extrusion modes in the aluminum alloy section forming and processing operation and has the function of efficiently and stably oiling lubricating oil.

In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an aluminum alloy extrusion forming device comprising an oiling mechanism comprises a workbench, an ejection mechanism, a forming mechanism, a die base, a discharging mechanism and the oiling mechanism; a through groove is formed in the middle of the workbench along the longitudinal direction, and sliding rails are arranged on the upper surface of the workbench along two sides of the through groove; a forming mechanism is arranged above the sliding rail; the ejection mechanism is arranged at one end of the workbench and comprises an extrusion oil cylinder and a hydraulic ejection shaft which is arranged at the front end of the extrusion oil cylinder and faces the forming mechanism; the front end of the hydraulic jacking shaft is provided with an extrusion rod mounting seat for mounting a forward extrusion rod and an extrusion base flange for mounting a backward extrusion base; the reverse extrusion base is matched with the extrusion base mounting groove; the top end of the forward extrusion rod is matched with the inner wall of the extrusion container; the other end of the workbench is provided with a die base; the other end of the die base is provided with a discharging mechanism; the discharging mechanism comprises fixed seats respectively arranged at two sides of the pressure-bearing top plate; a discharging rotating shaft is arranged between the fixed seats, and a discharging roller is sleeved on the discharging rotating shaft; an oiling mechanism is arranged on one side of the forming mechanism; the oiling mechanism comprises an oiling lifting seat arranged on the workbench; an oiling base is arranged at the top of the oiling lifting seat, the oiling base is hollow and provided with a power pump, an oil tank is arranged above the oiling base, and one end of the oil tank is communicated with the oiling base through an oiling guide pipe; one end of the oiling base is provided with an oiling extension pipe up and down; a square extension pipe is arranged at the top end of the upper oil extension pipe; the inward side of the square extension pipe is provided with a left clamping fixture block, a right clamping fixture block, an upper clamping fixture block and a lower clamping fixture block, and the surface of the extension end of the square extension pipe is inward provided with an oil outlet; an oiling chute and a limiting column arranged in the oiling chute are arranged on the workbench; an oiling lifting seat is arranged at the top of the limiting column; the outer edges of the extending ends of the left clamping fixture block, the right clamping fixture block, the upper clamping fixture block and the lower clamping fixture block are in concave arc shapes; the tail end of the forward extrusion rod is provided with an extrusion rod slot, and the cross section of the extrusion rod slot is in a cross shape; the hydraulic jacking shaft comprises a primary hydraulic shaft and a secondary hydraulic shaft.

Furthermore, a rotatable lifting base for bearing the forming mechanism is arranged below the center of the bottom of the forming mechanism; a lifting oil cylinder is arranged at the bottom of the lifting base; the forming mechanism comprises a forming base and an extrusion container arranged on the forming base; the bottom of the forming base is provided with a sliding block seat, and the bottom of the sliding block seat is provided with a sliding block rack matched with the sliding rail; an extrusion base mounting groove is formed in the inner wall of one end of the extrusion container, and an extrusion base mounting flange for reverse extrusion is arranged on the outer side of the end; and a forward template mounting flange for forward extrusion is arranged at the other end of the extrusion container.

Furthermore, the sliding block seat and the forming base are provided with fixing bolts which are used for fixing and can be detached; a temperature measuring device is arranged on the periphery of the middle part of the extrusion container; the temperature measuring device is a combination of a thermometer and a digital display device.

Further, the die base comprises a base arranged above the workbench; upright columns are arranged on two sides of the base, and pressure-bearing top plates are arranged between the upright columns and above the base; the center of the pressure-bearing top plate is provided with a hollow extrusion rod mounting groove and a template mounting flange; the forming mechanism is arranged at one end of the die base, and the opening of the forming mechanism corresponds to the opening of the die base.

Further, a top plate fixing bolt for adjusting the pressure-bearing top plate is arranged at the top of the upright post; the number of the discharging rotating shafts and the discharging rollers is three.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the device breaks through a processing mode which is universal and applicable to forward and reverse extrusion in the traditional sense, realizes the connection mode of the orientation of the extrusion cylinder and other components through the lifting and rotating forming mechanism, and is provided with the slide rail and the through groove to meet the processing requirements of forward extrusion and reverse extrusion; the molding mechanism capable of controlling the rotation direction can further facilitate the filling operation of cast ingots, and can also meet the requirements of oiling, extrusion cylinder cleaning and temperature control operations arranged on one side; greatly improves the processing efficiency and widens the processing adaptability of the device.

2. The arrangement of the extrusion base flange at the front end of the ejection mechanism and the extrusion rod mounting seat in the device realizes that the forward extrusion mode can be freely switched to be completed through the extrusion rod or the backward extrusion mode can be completed through the extrusion seat arranged on one side of the extrusion cylinder according to the processing requirements.

3. The arrangement of the interfaces at the two ends of the extrusion container in the forming mechanism can determine how to fix the templates at the two ends and combine different extrusion mechanisms at the other ends through the bottom lifting rotation, and meanwhile, the calibration and alignment operation is completed through the sliding rails, so that the generation of working errors is reduced, and the operation efficiency is improved.

4. The die base and the discharging mechanism in the device are supplemented, so that the pressure bearing capacity of the die base is improved by combining the die base and the discharging mechanism, and the subsequent quenching operation of the discharging mechanism can also closely bear the discharged material, so that the more efficient and convenient processing flow is completed; meanwhile, the top plate fixing bolt also has the function of adjusting the position of the pressure-bearing top plate.

5. The oiling mechanism in the device can realize the operation of smearing the lubricating oil on the upper part, the lower part, the left part and the right part of the cast ingot in the process of feeding the cast ingot, and the lubricating oil is brought into and smeared on the inner wall of the extruding cylinder after the subsequent cast ingot enters the extruding cylinder, so that the high-quality and high-efficiency extrusion processing operation of once oiling in one cylinder is completed; simultaneously, the upper and lower telescopic pipes can be adjusted, so that the same oil tank can also meet the oiling operation of ingots of different sizes.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic rear view of the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic bottom view of the apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the forming mechanism 3 in the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a left side view of the forming mechanism 3 of the apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic perspective view of the ejection mechanism 2 of the device of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the installation of the backward extrusion base 205 in the ejection mechanism 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of a forward extrusion stem of the apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view of the die base 4 and the discharging mechanism 5 in the apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic perspective view of the oiling mechanism 6 in the device of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a work table; 2. an ejection mechanism; 3. a molding mechanism; 4. a mold base; 5. a discharging mechanism; 6. an oiling mechanism; 101. a slide rail; 102. a through groove; 103. lifting the base; 104. a lift cylinder; 201. extruding the oil cylinder; 202. a hydraulic jack; 203. an extrusion stem mounting base; 204. a forward extrusion stem; 205. reversely extruding the base; 206. a squeezing rod slot; 207. extruding the base flange; 208. a primary hydraulic shaft; 209. a secondary hydraulic shaft; 301. an extrusion cylinder; 302. extruding the base mounting groove; 303. mounting a flange on the extrusion seat; 304. forward template mounting flange; 305. a temperature measuring device; 306. forming a base; 307. a slider seat; 308. a slider rack; 309. fixing the bolt; 401. a pressure-bearing top plate; 402. a hollow extrusion rod mounting groove; 403. installing a flange on the template; 404. a column; 405. a base; 406. a top plate fixing bolt; 501. a fixed seat; 502. a discharging rotating shaft; 503. a discharging roller; 601. oiling the chute; 602. a limiting column; 603. oiling the lifting seat; 604. oiling the base; 605. an oil tank; 606. oiling the catheter; 607. oiling the extension tube; 608. a square extension tube; 609. clamping blocks are clamped left and right; 610. an oil outlet hole; 611. clamping blocks are clamped up and down.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the present invention is given for the purpose of better understanding technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art, and the present description is only exemplary and explanatory and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention in any way.

As shown in fig. 1 to 11, the specific structure of the present invention is: an aluminum alloy extrusion forming device comprising an oiling mechanism comprises a workbench 1, an ejection mechanism 2, a forming mechanism 3, a die base 4, a discharging mechanism 5 and an oiling mechanism 6; a through groove 102 is formed in the middle of the workbench 1 along the longitudinal direction, and sliding rails 101 are arranged on the upper surface of the workbench 1 along two sides of the through groove 102; a forming mechanism 3 is arranged above the sliding rail 101; the ejection mechanism 2 is arranged at one end of the workbench 1 and comprises an extrusion oil cylinder 201 and a hydraulic ejection shaft 202 which is arranged at the front end of the extrusion oil cylinder 201 and faces the forming mechanism 3; the front end of the hydraulic top shaft 202 is provided with a squeezing rod mounting seat 203 for mounting a forward squeezing rod 204 and a squeezing base flange 207 for mounting a reverse squeezing base 205; the backward extrusion base 205 is matched with the extrusion base installation groove 302; the top end of the forward extrusion rod 204 is matched with the inner wall of the extrusion container 301; the other end of the workbench 1 is provided with a die base 4; the other end of the die base 4 is provided with a discharging mechanism 5; the discharging mechanism 5 comprises fixed seats 501 respectively arranged on two sides of the pressure-bearing top plate 401; a discharging rotating shaft 502 is arranged between the fixed seats 501, and a discharging roller 503 is sleeved on the discharging rotating shaft 502; an oiling mechanism 6 is arranged on one side of the forming mechanism 3; the oiling mechanism 6 comprises an oiling lifting seat 603 arranged on the workbench 1; an oiling base 604 is arranged at the top of the oiling lifting seat 603, the oiling base 604 is hollow and provided with a power pump, an oil tank 605 is arranged above the oiling base 604, and one end of the oil tank 605 is communicated with the oiling base 604 through an oiling guide pipe 606; an oiling extension pipe 607 is arranged at the upper end and the lower end of one end of the oiling base 604; a square extension pipe 608 is arranged at the top end of the upper oil extension pipe 607; a left clamping fixture block 609, a right clamping fixture block 609, an upper clamping fixture block 611 and a lower clamping fixture block 611 are arranged on the inward side of the square extension pipe 608, and an oil outlet 610 is formed in the inward surface of the extension end of the square extension pipe 608; an oiling chute 601 and a limiting column 602 arranged in the oiling chute 601 are arranged on the workbench 1; an oiling lifting seat 603 is arranged at the top of the limiting column 602; the outer edges of the extending ends of the left clamping fixture block 609, the right clamping fixture block 609 and the upper clamping fixture block 611 are concave arc-shaped; the tail end of the forward extrusion rod 204 is provided with an extrusion rod slot 206, and the section of the extrusion rod slot 206 is in a cross shape; the hydraulic top shaft 202 includes a primary hydraulic shaft 208 and a secondary hydraulic shaft 209.

Preferably, a rotatable lifting base 103 for receiving the forming mechanism 3 is arranged below the center of the bottom of the forming mechanism 3; a lifting oil cylinder 104 is arranged at the bottom of the lifting base 103; the molding mechanism 3 comprises a molding base 306 and an extrusion container 301 arranged on the molding base 306; the bottom of the forming base 306 is provided with a sliding block seat 307, and the bottom of the sliding block seat 307 is provided with a sliding block rack 308 matched with the sliding rail 101; an extrusion base mounting groove 302 is formed in the inner wall of one end of the extrusion cylinder 301, and an extrusion base mounting flange 303 for backward extrusion is arranged on the outer side of the end; and a forward template mounting flange 304 for forward extrusion is arranged at the other end of the extrusion container 301.

Preferably, the slider seat 307 and the forming base 306 are provided with a fixing bolt 309 for fixing and detaching; a temperature measuring device 305 is arranged on the periphery of the middle part of the extrusion container 301; the temperature measuring device 305 is a combination of a thermometer and a digital display device.

Preferably, the mold base 4 comprises a base 405 arranged above the table 1; two sides of the base 405 are provided with columns 404, and pressure bearing top plates 401 are arranged between the columns 404 and above the base 405; a hollow extrusion rod mounting groove 402 and a template mounting flange 403 are formed in the center of the pressure-bearing top plate 401; the forming mechanism 3 is arranged at one end of the die base 4, and an opening corresponds to the forming mechanism.

Preferably, a top plate fixing bolt 406 for adjusting the pressure-bearing top plate 401 is arranged at the top of the upright column 404; the number of the discharging rotating shafts 502 and the discharging rollers 503 is three.

It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts of the present invention. The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that there are objectively infinite specific structures due to the limited character expressions, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that a plurality of modifications, decorations or changes may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and the technical features described above may be combined in a suitable manner; such modifications, variations, combinations, or adaptations of the invention using its spirit and scope, as defined by the claims, may be directed to other uses and embodiments.

Claims

1. An aluminum alloy extrusion forming device comprising an oiling mechanism is characterized by comprising a workbench (1), an ejection mechanism (2), a forming mechanism (3), a die base (4), a discharging mechanism (5) and an oiling mechanism (6); a through groove (102) is formed in the middle of the workbench (1) along the longitudinal direction, and sliding rails (101) are arranged on the upper surface of the workbench (1) along two sides of the through groove (102); a forming mechanism (3) is arranged above the sliding rail (101); the ejection mechanism (2) is arranged at one end of the workbench (1) and comprises an extrusion oil cylinder (201) and a hydraulic ejection shaft (202) which is arranged at the front end of the extrusion oil cylinder (201) and faces the forming mechanism (3); the front end of the hydraulic jacking shaft (202) is provided with a squeezing rod mounting seat (203) for mounting a forward squeezing rod (204) and a squeezing base flange (207) for mounting a reverse squeezing base (205); the reverse extrusion base (205) is matched with the extrusion base mounting groove (302); the top end of the forward extrusion rod (204) is matched with the inner wall of the extrusion container (301); the other end of the workbench (1) is provided with a die base (4); the other end of the die base (4) is provided with a discharging mechanism (5); the discharging mechanism (5) comprises fixed seats (501) which are respectively arranged on two sides of the pressure-bearing top plate (401); a discharging rotating shaft (502) is arranged between the fixed seats (501), and a discharging roller (503) is sleeved on the discharging rotating shaft (502); an oiling mechanism (6) is arranged on one side of the forming mechanism (3); the oiling mechanism (6) comprises an oiling lifting seat (603) arranged on the workbench (1); an oiling base (604) is arranged at the top of the oiling lifting seat (603), the oiling base (604) is hollow and provided with a power pump, an oil tank (605) is arranged above the oiling base (604), and one end of the oil tank (605) is communicated with the oiling base (604) through an oiling guide pipe (606); an oiling extension pipe (607) is arranged above and below one end of the oiling base (604); a square extension pipe (608) is arranged at the top end of the upper oil extension pipe (607); a left clamping fixture block (609), a right clamping fixture block (609) and an upper clamping fixture block (611) and a lower clamping fixture block (611) are arranged on the inward side of the square extension pipe (608), and an oil outlet (610) is arranged on the inward surface of the extension end of the square extension pipe; an oiling sliding groove (601) and a limiting column (602) arranged in the oiling sliding groove (601) are arranged on the workbench (1); an oiling lifting seat (603) is arranged at the top of the limiting column (602); the outer edges of the extending ends of the left clamping fixture block (609) and the right clamping fixture block (609) and the upper clamping fixture block (611) and the lower clamping fixture block are in concave arc shapes; the tail end of the forward extrusion rod (204) is provided with an extrusion rod slot (206), and the section of the extrusion rod slot (206) is in a cross shape; the hydraulic jacking shaft (202) comprises a primary hydraulic shaft (208) and a secondary hydraulic shaft (209).

2. The aluminum alloy extrusion forming device comprising the oiling mechanism is characterized in that a rotatable lifting base (103) for receiving the forming mechanism (3) is arranged below the bottom center of the forming mechanism (3); a lifting oil cylinder (104) is arranged at the bottom of the lifting base (103); the molding mechanism (3) comprises a molding base (306) and an extrusion cylinder (301) arranged on the molding base (306); the bottom of the forming base (306) is provided with a sliding block seat (307), and the bottom of the sliding block seat (307) is provided with a sliding block rack (308) matched with the sliding rail (101); an extrusion base mounting groove (302) is formed in the inner wall of one end of the extrusion cylinder (301), and an extrusion base mounting flange (303) for backward extrusion is arranged on the outer side of the end; and a forward template mounting flange (304) for forward extrusion is arranged at the other end of the extrusion container (301).

3. An aluminium alloy extrusion forming apparatus including oiling mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the slider seat (307) and the forming base (306) are provided with fixing bolts (309) for fixing and detaching; a temperature measuring device (305) is arranged on the periphery of the middle part of the extrusion container (301); the temperature measuring device (305) is a combination of a thermometer and a digital display device.

4. An aluminium alloy extrusion forming apparatus including oiling mechanisms according to claim 1, characterized in that the die bed (4) comprises a base (405) arranged above the work table (1); upright columns (404) are arranged on two sides of the base (405), and pressure bearing top plates (401) are arranged between the upright columns (404) and above the base (405); the center of the pressure-bearing top plate (401) is provided with a hollow extrusion rod installation groove (402) and a template installation flange (403); the forming mechanism (3) is arranged at one end of the die base (4) and the opening of the forming mechanism corresponds to the opening of the die base.

5. The aluminum alloy extrusion forming device comprising the oiling mechanism is characterized in that a top plate fixing bolt (406) for adjusting a pressure bearing top plate (401) is arranged at the top of the upright column (404); the number of the discharging rotating shafts (502) and the discharging rollers (503) is three.