CN109327780B - Loudspeaker drive protection system - Google Patents
Loudspeaker drive protection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109327780B CN109327780B CN201811365022.2A CN201811365022A CN109327780B CN 109327780 B CN109327780 B CN 109327780B CN 201811365022 A CN201811365022 A CN 201811365022A CN 109327780 B CN109327780 B CN 109327780B
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
- H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2420/00—Details of connection covered by H04R, not provided for in its groups
- H04R2420/03—Connection circuits to selectively connect loudspeakers or headphones to amplifiers
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a loudspeaker drive protection system, which comprises a current and voltage sensor module, a control module and a control module, wherein the current and voltage sensor module can acquire a current value and a voltage value of a loudspeaker in real time; the loudspeaker modeling module can dynamically update the loudspeaker model according to the loudspeaker current value and the voltage value fed back in real time by the current and voltage sensor module, and feeds the updated loudspeaker model back to the loudspeaker maximum displacement protection module; the maximum displacement protection module of the loudspeaker can carry out signal limiting protection on the audio signal according to the received latest loudspeaker model and then send the audio signal to the audio amplifier; and an audio amplifier capable of receiving the audio signal transmitted through the speaker maximum displacement protection module and generating digital pulses to drive the speaker. The invention has the advantages that: the loudspeaker displacement can be accurately limited by dynamically updating the loudspeaker model, and the loudspeaker can be prevented from being damaged due to the fact that the maximum limit displacement is exceeded.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of loudspeaker signal processing and protection, in particular to a loudspeaker driving protection system.
Technical Field
With the high integration of consumer products such as mobile phones and computers, the volume of a loudspeaker needs to be as small as possible under the premise of emitting high-loudness sound. The advent of micro-speakers has resolved this contradiction, converting an electrical signal into an acoustic signal and propagating with air vibrations into the surrounding environment.
Micro-speakers, while capable of producing relatively loud sounds, are prone to resonance in the low frequency portion of the electrical signal, and if left unprotected, momentarily or permanently exceed the speaker displacement limits, permanently damaging the speaker diaphragm and structure. Since speaker parameters change with changes in ambient temperature, age, and degree of aging, it is difficult to precisely limit the protection of speaker displacement using a fixed speaker model. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a system for precisely limiting and protecting the speaker displacement by dynamically updating the speaker model, preventing the speaker from being damaged due to exceeding the maximum limit displacement during the use process, and effectively protecting the speaker.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a speaker drive protection system capable of precisely restricting and protecting speaker displacement by dynamically updating a speaker model.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the loudspeaker driving protection system comprises a loudspeaker maximum displacement protection module, an audio amplifier, a current and voltage sensor module and a loudspeaker modeling module;
the current-voltage sensor module: the current value and the voltage value of the loudspeaker can be acquired in real time, and the acquired current value and voltage value of the loudspeaker are fed back to the loudspeaker modeling module in real time;
the speaker modeling module: the loudspeaker model can be dynamically updated according to the loudspeaker current value and the voltage value fed back in real time by the current-voltage sensor module, and the updated loudspeaker model is fed back to the loudspeaker maximum displacement protection module;
the maximum displacement protection module of the loudspeaker comprises: the audio amplifier can receive the audio signal and the latest loudspeaker model fed back by the loudspeaker modeling module in real time, and can carry out signal limiting protection on the input audio signal according to the received latest loudspeaker model and then send the audio signal to the audio amplifier;
the audio amplifier: the device can receive the audio signal which is limited and protected by the loudspeaker maximum displacement protection module and then send the audio signal, and generates digital pulse to drive the loudspeaker according to the audio signal;
the output end of the loudspeaker maximum displacement protection module is connected with the input end of the audio amplifier, the output end of the audio amplifier is connected with the input end of the loudspeaker, the signal acquisition end of the current and voltage sensor module is connected with the input end of the loudspeaker, the signal output end of the current and voltage sensor module is connected with the input end of the loudspeaker modeling module, and the output end of the loudspeaker modeling module is connected with the input end of the loudspeaker maximum displacement protection module.
Further, a speaker drive protection system as described above, wherein: the maximum displacement protection module of the loudspeaker comprises: the loudspeaker displacement impedance function module and the gain control module can receive audio signals in real time;
the loudspeaker displacement impedance function module: calculating the predicted displacement of the loudspeaker according to the latest loudspeaker impedance model fed back in real time by the loudspeaker modeling module, comparing the predicted displacement of the loudspeaker with the preset maximum displacement of the loudspeaker, and sending an attenuation signal to the gain control module when the predicted displacement of the loudspeaker is larger than the maximum displacement of the loudspeaker; when the comparison results in that the predicted displacement of the loudspeaker is smaller than the maximum displacement of the loudspeaker, an amplified signal is sent to the gain control module;
the gain control module: the method comprises the steps that an attenuation signal or an amplification signal sent by a loudspeaker displacement impedance function module can be received in real time, and the received audio signal is attenuated or amplified according to the received attenuation signal or the received amplification signal and then sent to an audio amplifier;
the input end of the loudspeaker displacement impedance function module is connected with the output end of the loudspeaker modeling module, the output end of the loudspeaker displacement impedance function module is connected with the input end of the gain control module, and the output end of the gain control module is connected with the input end of the audio amplifier.
Further, a speaker drive protection system as described above, wherein: the input end of the gain control module is also connected with a delay module, and the delay module is used for delaying the input audio signal by a preset delay time and then sending the delayed audio signal to the gain control module.
Further, a speaker drive protection system as described above, wherein: the preset delay time for delaying the signal by the delay module is 10ms.
Further, a speaker drive protection system as described above, wherein: the speaker modeling module includes: the device comprises a loudspeaker impedance model module, a counter electromotive force prediction module, an actual counter electromotive force calculation module and a loudspeaker impedance model updating control module;
the speaker impedance model module: an initial impedance model of the loudspeaker can be recorded;
the counter electromotive force prediction module: the method comprises the steps that the counter electromotive force can be estimated according to a loudspeaker current value fed back by a current-voltage sensor module and an initial impedance model fed back by a loudspeaker impedance model module, and the estimated counter electromotive force is sent to a loudspeaker impedance model updating control module;
the actual counter electromotive force calculation module is: the method comprises the steps that actual counter electromotive force can be calculated according to a loudspeaker voltage value, a loudspeaker current value and a loudspeaker direct current resistance fed back by a current-voltage sensor module, and the calculated actual counter electromotive force is sent to a loudspeaker impedance model updating control module;
the loudspeaker impedance model update control module: the method can calculate the error between the received estimated counter electromotive force and the actual counter electromotive force, judge whether the error reaches a preset value, update the loudspeaker impedance model when judging that the error reaches the preset value, and send the updated loudspeaker impedance model to a loudspeaker displacement impedance function module in a loudspeaker maximum displacement protection module.
Through implementation of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the loudspeaker displacement can be accurately limited and protected by dynamically updating the loudspeaker model, the phenomenon that the loudspeaker exceeds the maximum limit displacement in the use process is avoided, the situation that the loudspeaker is damaged due to the fact that the loudspeaker exceeds the maximum limit displacement in the use process is effectively prevented, the loudspeaker is protected, and the service life of the loudspeaker is prolonged.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a speaker driving protection system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a speaker impedance model update principle.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and the specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the speaker driving protection system includes a speaker maximum displacement protection module 1, an audio amplifier 2, a current-voltage sensor module 3, and a speaker modeling module 4;
the current-voltage sensor module 3: the current value and the voltage value of the loudspeaker can be acquired in real time, and the acquired current value and voltage value of the loudspeaker are fed back to the loudspeaker modeling module 4 in real time;
the speaker modeling module 4: the loudspeaker model can be dynamically updated according to the loudspeaker current value and the voltage value fed back in real time by the current-voltage sensor module 3, and the updated loudspeaker model is fed back to the loudspeaker maximum displacement protection module 1;
the maximum displacement protection module 1 of the loudspeaker comprises: the latest loudspeaker model which can receive the audio signal and the feedback of the loudspeaker modeling model in real time, and can carry out signal limiting protection on the input audio signal according to the latest loudspeaker model received and then send the audio signal to the audio amplifier 2;
the audio amplifier 2: the loudspeaker maximum displacement protection module 1 can receive the audio signals which are limited and protected by the loudspeaker maximum displacement protection module and generate digital pulses to drive the loudspeaker 5 according to the audio signals;
the output end of the loudspeaker maximum displacement protection module 1 is connected with the input end of the audio amplifier 2, the output end of the audio amplifier 2 is connected with the input end of the loudspeaker 5, the signal acquisition end of the current and voltage sensor module 3 is connected with the input end of the loudspeaker 5, the signal output end of the current and voltage sensor module 3 is connected with the input end of the loudspeaker modeling module 4, and the output end of the loudspeaker modeling module 4 is connected with the input end of the loudspeaker maximum displacement protection module 1;
in the present embodiment, the speaker maximum displacement protection module 1 includes: a speaker displacement impedance function module 11 and a gain control module 12 capable of receiving audio signals in real time;
the loudspeaker displacement impedance function module 11: the speaker prediction displacement can be calculated according to the latest speaker impedance model fed back in real time by the speaker modeling module 4, the speaker prediction displacement is compared with the preset speaker maximum displacement, and when the comparison results in that the speaker prediction displacement is larger than the speaker maximum displacement, an attenuation signal is sent to the gain control module 12; when the comparison results in that the predicted displacement of the loudspeaker is smaller than the maximum displacement of the loudspeaker, an amplified signal is sent to the gain control module 12;
the gain control module 12: the method comprises the steps that an attenuation signal or an amplification signal sent by a loudspeaker displacement impedance function module 11 can be received in real time, and the received audio signal is attenuated or amplified according to the received attenuation signal or the received amplification signal and then sent to an audio amplifier 2;
the input end of the loudspeaker displacement impedance function module 11 is connected with the output end of the loudspeaker modeling module 4, the output end of the loudspeaker displacement impedance function module 11 is connected with the input end of the gain control module 12, and the output end of the gain control module 12 is connected with the input end of the audio amplifier 2;
in this embodiment, the input end of the gain control module 12 is further connected with a delay module 13, and the delay module 13 is configured to delay an input audio signal by a preset delay time and then send the delayed audio signal to the gain control module 12, so that the gain control module can be ensured to complete adjustment, and the use stability of the speaker is improved; in this embodiment, the preset delay time for delaying the signal by the delay module 13 is 10ms;
in the present embodiment, the speaker modeling module 4 includes: a speaker impedance model module 41, a counter electromotive force prediction module 42, an actual counter electromotive force calculation module 43, and a speaker impedance model update control module 44;
the speaker impedance model module 41: an impedance model of the loudspeaker can be recorded;
the counter electromotive force prediction module 42: the device can estimate the counter electromotive force according to the loudspeaker current value fed back by the current-voltage sensor module 3 and the impedance model fed back by the loudspeaker impedance model module 41, and send the estimated counter electromotive force to the loudspeaker impedance model updating control module 44;
the actual counter electromotive force calculation module 43: the actual back electromotive force can be calculated according to the loudspeaker voltage value, the loudspeaker current value and the loudspeaker direct current resistance fed back by the current-voltage sensor module 3, and the calculated actual counter electromotive force is sent to the loudspeaker impedance model updating control module 44;
the speaker impedance model update control module 44: the method comprises the steps that the error between the received estimated counter electromotive force and the actual counter electromotive force can be calculated, whether the error reaches a preset value is judged, when the error reaches the preset value, a loudspeaker impedance model is updated, and the updated loudspeaker impedance model is sent to a loudspeaker displacement impedance function module 11 in a loudspeaker maximum displacement protection module 1;
the working principle of the invention is as follows:
when the loudspeaker is produced, the loudspeaker impedance model module 41 in the loudspeaker modeling module 4 records an initial impedance model of the loudspeaker, and the establishment of the initial impedance model of the loudspeaker specifically comprises the following steps:
step (1): firstly, generating a sweep frequency signal with fixed amplitude to a loudspeaker by using an audio generator, wherein the sweep frequency range is (0-3) khz;
step (2): and then reading out the maximum voltage current value of each frequency point of the loudspeaker through a current-voltage sensor, and calculating an initial impedance model, wherein the specific calculation formula of the initial impedance model of the loudspeaker is as follows:
wherein Bl is force factor, M ms Is of the mass, R ms Is the machine damping factor, C ms Is smooth;
when an audio signal is input into the maximum displacement protection module 1 of the loudspeaker, one path of the audio signal is transmitted to the delay module 13, the audio signal is delayed by the delay module 13 and then transmitted to the gain control module 12, and in the process of delaying the audio signal by the delay module 12, the current and voltage sensor module 3 can acquire the current value and the voltage value of the loudspeaker in real time and feed the acquired current value and voltage value of the loudspeaker back to the loudspeaker modeling module 4 in real time;
after the speaker modeling module 4 receives the speaker current value and the speaker voltage value fed back by the current-voltage sensor 3, the counter electromotive force prediction module 42 in the speaker modeling module 4 estimates a counter electromotive force according to the speaker current value fed back by the current-voltage sensor module 3 and the impedance model fed back by the speaker impedance model module 41, and sends the estimated counter electromotive force to the speaker impedance model update control module 44, where a specific calculation formula for estimating the counter electromotive force is as follows:
Vbemf est (t)＝I(t)*L -1 Z BEMF (s)
wherein V is bemfest (t) is the estimated counter electromotive force, I (t) is the loudspeaker current value read by the current sensor, L -1 Z bemf_ (t) is Z BEMF (s) the Laplace inversion is performed to obtain Z BEMF (s) is a loudspeaker impedance model;
meanwhile, the actual counter electromotive force calculation module 43 in the speaker modeling module 4 calculates an actual counter electromotive force according to the speaker voltage value, the speaker current value and the speaker dc resistance fed back by the current-voltage sensor module 3, and sends the calculated actual counter electromotive force to the speaker impedance model update control module 44, where a specific calculation formula of the actual counter electromotive force is:
Vbemf(t)＝V(t)-Re*I(t)
wherein V is bemf (t) is the actual counter electromotive force, V (t) is the loudspeaker voltage value read by the voltage sensor, I (t) is the loudspeaker current value read by the current sensor, and Re is the loudspeaker resistance;
when the speaker impedance model update control module 44 in the speaker modeling module 4 receives the estimated and actual counter electromotive forces, calculates an error between the estimated and actual counter electromotive forces, and determines whether the error reaches a preset value, updates the speaker impedance model when the error reaches the preset value, and sends the updated speaker impedance model to the speaker displacement impedance function module 11 in the speaker maximum displacement protection module 1,
the loudspeaker displacement impedance function module 11 calculates the predicted displacement of the loudspeaker according to the latest loudspeaker impedance model fed back in real time by the loudspeaker modeling module 4, compares the predicted displacement of the loudspeaker with the preset maximum displacement of the loudspeaker, and sends an attenuation signal to the gain control module 12 when the predicted displacement of the loudspeaker is larger than the maximum displacement of the loudspeaker; when the comparison results in that the predicted displacement of the loudspeaker is smaller than the maximum displacement of the loudspeaker, an amplified signal is sent to the gain control module 12;
after the gain control module 12 receives the attenuation signal or the amplification signal, the delay module 13 just sends the input audio signal to the gain control module 12, and at this time, the gain control module 12 attenuates or amplifies the input audio signal according to the received attenuation signal or amplification signal and sends the attenuated or amplified signal to the audio amplifier 2; the audio amplifier 2 in turn generates digital pulses from the audio signal to drive the loudspeaker 5.
The invention has the advantages that: the loudspeaker displacement can be accurately limited and protected by dynamically updating the loudspeaker model, the phenomenon that the loudspeaker exceeds the maximum limit displacement in the use process is avoided, the situation that the loudspeaker is damaged due to the fact that the loudspeaker exceeds the maximum limit displacement in the use process is effectively prevented, the loudspeaker is protected, and the service life of the loudspeaker is prolonged.
Claims (2)
1. A loudspeaker drive protection system, characterized by: the system comprises a loudspeaker maximum displacement protection module, an audio amplifier, a current and voltage sensor module and a loudspeaker modeling module;
the current-voltage sensor module: the current value and the voltage value of the loudspeaker can be acquired in real time, and the acquired current value and voltage value of the loudspeaker are fed back to the loudspeaker modeling module in real time;
the speaker modeling module: the loudspeaker model can be dynamically updated according to the loudspeaker current value and the voltage value fed back in real time by the current-voltage sensor module, and the updated loudspeaker model is fed back to the loudspeaker maximum displacement protection module;
the maximum displacement protection module of the loudspeaker comprises: the audio amplifier can receive the audio signal and the latest loudspeaker model fed back by the loudspeaker modeling module in real time, and can carry out signal limiting protection on the input audio signal according to the received latest loudspeaker model and then send the audio signal to the audio amplifier;
the audio amplifier: the device can receive the audio signal which is limited and protected by the loudspeaker maximum displacement protection module and then send the audio signal, and generates digital pulse to drive the loudspeaker according to the audio signal;
the output end of the loudspeaker maximum displacement protection module is connected with the input end of the audio amplifier, the output end of the audio amplifier is connected with the input end of the loudspeaker, the signal acquisition end of the current and voltage sensor module is connected with the input end of the loudspeaker, the signal output end of the current and voltage sensor module is connected with the input end of the loudspeaker modeling module, and the output end of the loudspeaker modeling module is connected with the input end of the loudspeaker maximum displacement protection module;
the maximum displacement protection module of the loudspeaker comprises: the loudspeaker displacement impedance function module and the gain control module can receive audio signals in real time;
the loudspeaker displacement impedance function module: calculating the predicted displacement of the loudspeaker according to the latest loudspeaker impedance model fed back in real time by the loudspeaker modeling module, comparing the predicted displacement of the loudspeaker with the preset maximum displacement of the loudspeaker, and sending an attenuation signal to the gain control module when the predicted displacement of the loudspeaker is larger than the maximum displacement of the loudspeaker; when the comparison results in that the predicted displacement of the loudspeaker is smaller than the maximum displacement of the loudspeaker, an amplified signal is sent to the gain control module;
the gain control module: the method comprises the steps that an attenuation signal or an amplification signal sent by a loudspeaker displacement impedance function module can be received in real time, and the received audio signal is attenuated or amplified according to the received attenuation signal or the received amplification signal and then sent to an audio amplifier;
the input end of the loudspeaker displacement impedance function module is connected with the output end of the loudspeaker modeling module, the output end of the loudspeaker displacement impedance function module is connected with the input end of the gain control module, and the output end of the gain control module is connected with the input end of the audio amplifier;
the input end of the gain control module is also connected with a delay module, and the delay module is used for delaying an input audio signal by a preset delay time and then sending the delayed audio signal to the gain control module;
the speaker modeling module includes: the device comprises a loudspeaker impedance model module, a counter electromotive force prediction module, an actual counter electromotive force calculation module and a loudspeaker impedance model updating control module;
the speaker impedance model module: an impedance model of the loudspeaker can be recorded;
the counter electromotive force prediction module: the method comprises the steps that the counter electromotive force can be estimated according to a loudspeaker current value fed back by a current-voltage sensor module and an impedance model fed back by a loudspeaker impedance model module, and the estimated counter electromotive force is sent to a loudspeaker impedance model updating control module;
the actual counter electromotive force calculation module is: the method comprises the steps that actual counter electromotive force can be calculated according to a loudspeaker voltage value, a loudspeaker current value and a loudspeaker direct current resistance fed back by a current-voltage sensor module, and the calculated actual counter electromotive force is sent to a loudspeaker impedance model updating control module;
the loudspeaker impedance model update control module: the method can calculate the error between the received estimated counter electromotive force and the actual counter electromotive force, judge whether the error reaches a preset value, update the loudspeaker impedance model when judging that the error reaches the preset value, and send the updated loudspeaker impedance model to a loudspeaker displacement impedance function module in a loudspeaker maximum displacement protection module.
2. A loudspeaker drive protection system in accordance with claim 1, wherein: the preset delay time for delaying the signal by the delay module is 10ms.
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| CN113079438A (en) * | 2020-01-06 | 2021-07-06 | 北京小米移动软件有限公司 | Loudspeaker protection method, loudspeaker protection device and storage medium |
| CN113965851B (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2024-02-09 | 上海艾为电子技术股份有限公司 | Loudspeaker diaphragm displacement control circuit and control method and electronic equipment |
| CN112804626B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-07-19 | 武汉市聚芯微电子有限责任公司 | Method and system for dynamically controlling amplitude of loudspeaker and mobile terminal |
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| WO2018106366A1 (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2018-06-14 | Cirrus Logic International Semiconductor Ltd. | Speaker protection excursion oversight |
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| CN208850060U (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-05-10 | 泉州昆泰芯微电子科技有限公司 | A kind of speaker drive protection system |
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| CN106341763A (en) * | 2016-11-17 | 2017-01-18 | 矽力杰半导体技术(杭州)有限公司 | Drive unit of loudspeaker and driving method of loudspeaker |
| WO2018106366A1 (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2018-06-14 | Cirrus Logic International Semiconductor Ltd. | Speaker protection excursion oversight |
| CN108513221A (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2018-09-07 | 钰太芯微电子科技（上海）有限公司 | A kind of intelligent audio amplification system |
| CN208850060U (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-05-10 | 泉州昆泰芯微电子科技有限公司 | A kind of speaker drive protection system |
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