CN109327254A - ADS-B transceiver machine and method based on software radio - Google Patents
ADS-B transceiver machine and method based on software radio Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109327254A CN109327254A CN201810825227.8A CN201810825227A CN109327254A CN 109327254 A CN109327254 A CN 109327254A CN 201810825227 A CN201810825227 A CN 201810825227A CN 109327254 A CN109327254 A CN 109327254A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- ads
- signal
- 1090mhz
- software
- embedded computer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/18502—Airborne stations
- H04B7/18506—Communications with or from aircraft, i.e. aeronautical mobile service
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/0003—Software-defined radio [SDR] systems, i.e. systems wherein components typically implemented in hardware, e.g. filters or modulators/demodulators, are implented using software, e.g. by involving an AD or DA conversion stage such that at least part of the signal processing is performed in the digital domain
- H04B1/0028—Software-defined radio [SDR] systems, i.e. systems wherein components typically implemented in hardware, e.g. filters or modulators/demodulators, are implented using software, e.g. by involving an AD or DA conversion stage such that at least part of the signal processing is performed in the digital domain wherein the AD/DA conversion occurs at baseband stage
- H04B1/0039—Software-defined radio [SDR] systems, i.e. systems wherein components typically implemented in hardware, e.g. filters or modulators/demodulators, are implented using software, e.g. by involving an AD or DA conversion stage such that at least part of the signal processing is performed in the digital domain wherein the AD/DA conversion occurs at baseband stage using DSP [Digital Signal Processor] quadrature modulation and demodulation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/0078—Avoidance of errors by organising the transmitted data in a format specifically designed to deal with errors, e.g. location
- H04L1/0083—Formatting with frames or packets; Protocol or part of protocol for error control
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/10—Frequency-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using frequency-shift keying
- H04L27/103—Chirp modulation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of ADS-B transceiver machine and method based on software radio, all-in-one machine includes GNSS sensor, pressure-altitude sensor, embedded computer, software radio transceiver boards, transmitting antenna, power amplifier, low-noise amplifier and receiving antenna, GNSS sensor, pressure-altitude sensor and software radio transceiver boards are separately connected embedded computer, transmitting antenna and power amplifier, receiving antenna and low-noise amplifier are separately connected software radio transceiver boards, embedded computer is used to realize following functions using software module: obtaining the data of sensor acquisition and is encoded, power amplifier is sent to after the modulation of drive software transceiving plate again, and drive software transceiving plate obtains ADS-B signal and is demodulated, it is defeated after being decoded in the machine later Aircraft/vehicle ADS-B information out.The present invention can not only complete the running state monitoring of aircraft and place vehicle, can also ensure the safe operation of aircraft and prevent airfield runway from invading, and save equipment cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to radio technology more particularly to a kind of ADS-B transceiver machines and side based on software radio
Method.
Background technique
With the iterative method that low altitude airspace is reformed, all kinds of Flight devices increasingly increase severely with ground-support vehicle, at present
There are no effective monitoring means, bring hidden danger to aviation safety；Automatic dependent surveillance broadcast (ADS-B) is International Civil Aviation group
Knit determining future main surveillance technology.ADS-B technology is by satellite navigation, the communication technology, machine/mobile unit and ground installation
Etc. advanced technologies combine, can automatically from related airborne equipment get parms to other aircraft/vehicles or earth station broadcast
The information such as aircraft/vehicle position, height, speed, course, identifier compared with existing radar, its main feature is that: targeted surveillance
Precision is high, renewal rate is fast, construction cost is low.Air-air monitoring, ground-air monitoring and ground-ground monitoring may be implemented.Therefore, for
It is main trend that Flight device and ground-support vehicle, which select ADS-B monitoring terminal,.
Existing standard ADS-B airborne system is specially designed for large-scale, general-purpose aircraft installation environment, and function is neat
Entirely, but it is expensive, power consumption is big, volume is bigger than normal, weight weighting be not suitable on small-sized navigation aircraft and ground-support vehicle
It uses, and in airport scene monitoring application field, since airport range is relatively small, the density of aircraft vehicle is higher, vehicle
Between aircraft and the distance between aircraft/vehicle and airport monitoring center are relatively close, do not need high-power and highly sensitive
The transmitting and receiving apparatus of degree；Meanwhile for prevent vehicle occur runway invasion and operation fault, vehicle driver wish obtain with
The identical scene operation situation of airport monitoring center, it is therefore desirable to it is suitable for the receiver of the Portable movable of vehicle loading,
Current receiver device is difficult to meet the requirements.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the present invention is unable to effective monitoring problem for existing navigation aircraft and airfield support vehicle, provides one
ADS-B transceiver machine and method of the kind based on software radio, the present invention combine existing blank pipe monitoring system, are able to achieve logical
The effective monitoring of boat aircraft and ground-support vehicle ensures aviation safety, and manufacturing cost is low, and maintenance cost is low.
Technical solution: the ADS-B transceiver machine of the present invention based on software radio, including GNSS sensor,
Pressure-altitude sensor, embedded computer, software radio transceiver boards, transmitting antenna, power amplifier, low-noise amplifier
And receiving antenna, the GNSS sensor, pressure-altitude sensor and software radio transceiver boards are separately connected described embedded
Computer, the power amplifier and low-noise amplifier are separately connected the software radio transceiver boards, the transmitting antenna
Power amplifier is connected, the receiving antenna connects low-noise amplifier, and the embedded computer is used to use software module
It realizes following functions: obtaining the location data of GNSS sensor acquisition and the altitude information of pressure-altitude sensor acquisition, and compile
Code is sent to power amplifier after modulating for specified message format, then drive software transceiving plate, so that through sending out after power amplifier
The ADS-B signal that antenna is launched and the acquisition of drive software transceiving plate is amplified through low-noise amplifier is penetrated, and is driven
Dynamic software radio transceiver boards are demodulated and export aircraft/vehicle ADS-B information after decoding in the machine.
Further, following software module is realized using programming language in the Linux platform of the embedded computer:
Data acquisition module, for obtaining the location data of GNSS sensor acquisition and the height of pressure-altitude sensor acquisition
Degree evidence, and corrected altitude data；
Message coding module, for location data and altitude information to be encoded to 1090Mhz extension message format and UAT lattice
The frame of formula, and pass through UDP message transmission to message modulation module；
The 1090Mhz received is extended message format for drive software transceiving plate by PPM modulation drive module
Frame by Binary Conversion be complex data, and complex data is converted to the ADS- for being 1090MHz through PPM modulation after pulse code
B signal；
CPFSK modulate drive module, for drive software transceiving plate by the frame of the UAT format received by two into
System is converted to complex data, and complex data is converted to the ADS-B signal for being modulated to 978MHz after pulse code through CPFSK；
Signal sends drive module will be modulated for drive software transceiving plate according to the configured transmission of setting
After the ADS-B signal of obtained 1090MHz and the ADS-B signal of 978MHz are sent to power amplifier progress power amplification, pass
Transmitting antenna is transported to be emitted；
It is amplified to obtain noiselike signal amplifier for drive software transceiving plate for message sink drive module
ADS-B signal, wherein the ADS-B signal is received by receiving antenna, and frequency is 1090Mhz or 978Mhz；
PPM demodulation verification drive module, the ADS-B letter for the 1090Mhz that drive software transceiving plate will acquire
Number, it is demodulated into effectively continuous pulse signal, and the preamble pulse according to determined by 1090Mhz extension message format through PPM, it will
Continuous impulse signal is converted to the frame of 1090Mhz extension message format, then the letter of the ADS-B based on the instantaneous correlation properties of preamble pulse
Number detection algorithm, whether judgment frame is effective, and effective frame is passed through UDP message transmission to source codec module；
CPFSK demodulation verification drive module, the ADS-B letter for the 978Mhz that drive software transceiving plate will acquire
Number it is demodulated into effectively continuous pulse signal, and the preamble pulse according to determined by UAT format through CPFSK, continuous impulse is believed
The frame of UAT format, then the ADS-B signal detection algorithm based on the instantaneous correlation properties of preamble pulse number are converted to, whether is judgment frame
Effectively, effective frame is passed through into UDP message transmission to source codec module；
Source codec module, for being standardized to the frame received according to 1090Mhz extension message format or UAT format
Decoding；
Message transmission module, for the decoded 1090Mhz of specification to be extended to the ADS-B data of message format or UAT format
It is sent to the destination pre-seted.
Further, the transmitting antenna includes 1090Mhz transmitting antenna and 978Mhz transmitting antenna.The GNSS sensing
Device turns USB connection embedded computer by serial ports, and the pressure-altitude sensor turns USB connection embedding assembly by I2C
Machine.The software radio transceiver boards include transmitting daughter board and receive daughter board, and the transmitting daughter board is used in embedded computer
PPM modulation is carried out to received signal under driving and CPFSK is modulated, and is sent to power amplifier, the reception daughter board is used for
Embedded computer driving under receive the amplified ADS-B signal of noiselike signal amplifier, and carry out PPM demodulation or
CPFSK demodulation, and to the signal after demodulation by being sent to embedded computer after detection preamble pulse framing.
ADS-B receiving/transmission method of the present invention based on software radio, including emitting portion and receiving portion,
In, emitting portion comprising steps of
(1) acquisition aircraft/vehicle location data of GNSS cycle sensor, pressure-altitude sensor are periodic
Aircraft/vehicle elevation information is acquired, and is transmitted to embedded computer；
(2) embedded computer obtains the location data of GNSS sensor acquisition and the height of pressure-altitude sensor acquisition
Data, and it is encoded to specified message format；
It (3), will be after the data modulation that formulate message format by software radio transceiver boards under embedded computer driving
It is sent to power amplifier；
(4) it after the power amplifier amplifies signal, is transmitted to transmitting antenna and is emitted；
Receiving portion comprising steps of
(5) receiving antenna receives the ADS-B message that other aircrafts/vehicle are sent, and be transmitted to low-noise amplifier into
Row amplification；
(6) under embedded computer driving, the signal that is amplified low-noise amplifier by software radio transceiver boards into
Row demodulation；
(7) embedded computer is in the machine by output aircraft/vehicle ADS-B letter after the data decoding after demodulation
Breath.
Further, the step (2) by the Linux platform of embedded computer use programming language realize,
Step (2) specifically includes:
(2-1) data acquisition module obtains the location data of GNSS sensor acquisition and the height of pressure-altitude sensor acquisition
Degree evidence, and corrected altitude data；
Location data and altitude information are encoded to 1090Mhz extension message format and UAT lattice by (2-2) message coding module
The frame of formula, and pass through UDP message transmission to software radio transceiver boards.
Further, step (3) specifically includes:
(3-1) under the PPM modulation drive module driving of embedded computer, software radio transceiver boards will be received
It is complex data that 1090Mhz, which extends the frame of message format by Binary Conversion, and complex data is converted to after pulse code through PPM
It is modulated to the ADS-B signal of 1090MHz；
(3-2) under the CPFSK modulation drive module driving of embedded computer, software radio transceiver boards will be received
The frame of UAT format by Binary Conversion be complex data, and complex data is converted to and is modulated to through CPFSK after pulse code
The ADS-B signal of 978MHz；
(3-3) in the case where the signal of embedded computer sends drive module driving, software radio transceiver boards are according to setting
Configured transmission the ADS-B signal of the ADS-B signal of modulated obtained 1090MHz and 978MHz is sent to power amplifier
After carrying out power amplification, it is transmitted to transmitting antenna and is emitted.
Further, step (6) specifically includes:
(6-1) under the message sink drive module driving of embedded computer, software radio transceiver boards obtain low noise
The amplified ADS-B signal of sound signal amplifier, wherein the ADS-B signal is received by receiving antenna, frequency 1090Mhz
Or 978Mhz；
(6-2) under the PPM demodulation correction verification module driving of embedded computer, software radio transceiver boards be will acquire
The ADS-B signal of 1090Mhz is demodulated into effectively continuous pulse signal through PPM, and extends message format institute according to 1090Mhz
Continuous impulse signal is converted to the frame of 1090Mhz extension message format by determining preamble pulse, then instantaneous based on preamble pulse
The ADS-B signal detection algorithm of correlation properties, whether judgment frame is effective, and effective frame is passed through UDP message transmission to message solution
Code module；
(6-3) under the CPFSK demodulation verification drive module driving of embedded computer, software radio transceiver boards will be obtained
The ADS-B signal of the 978Mhz taken is demodulated into effectively continuous pulse signal through CPFSK, and according to determined by UAT format before
Continuous impulse signal, is converted to the frame of UAT format, then the ADS-B signal based on the instantaneous correlation properties of preamble pulse by leader punching
Detection algorithm, whether judgment frame is effective, and effective frame is passed through UDP message transmission to source codec module.
Further, step (7) specifically includes:
The source codec module of (7-1) embedded computer to the frame that receives according to 1090Mhz extension message format or
UAT format carries out specification decoding；
The decoded 1090Mhz of specification is extended message format or UAT lattice by the message transmission module of (7-2) embedded computer
The ADS-B data of formula are sent to the destination pre-seted.
The utility model has the advantages that compared with prior art, the present invention its remarkable advantage is:
1, the present invention is completed using software radio such as working frequency range, modulation /demodulation type, data format, communication protocols
The various functions such as view, therefore flexibility with higher and opening.It is traditional to manipulate, control using modernization software
The wireless communication technique of " pure hardware circuit " is not only manufactured into so that building the equipment without complicated radio hardware equipment
This is low, and use and maintenance cost are low.
2, ADS-B transceiver machine of the invention is small in size, light-weight, small power consumption, function are complete, can be used for low-latitude flying
Device and airfield support vehicle, realization monitor the operating status of low altitude airspace aircraft and place vehicle, ensure aviation peace
Entirely.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the ADS-B transceiver machine provided by the invention based on software radio；
Fig. 2 is the working principle of the invention figure；
Fig. 3 is the application scenario diagram of the ADS-B transceiver machine provided by the invention based on software radio；
Fig. 4 is the flow diagram of emitting portion in the ADS-B receiving/transmission method provided by the invention based on software radio；
Fig. 5 is the flow diagram of receiving portion in the ADS-B receiving/transmission method provided by the invention based on software radio.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of ADS-B transceiver machine based on software radio is present embodiments provided, as shown in Figure 1, including GNSS
Sensor, pressure-altitude sensor, embedded computer, SDR hardware (software radio transceiver boards), transmitting antenna, power are put
Big device, low-noise amplifier and receiving antenna, the GNSS sensor turns USB connection embedded computer by serial ports, described
Pressure-altitude sensor turns USB connection embedded computer by I2C, and the power amplifier and low-noise amplifier connect respectively
The software radio transceiver boards are connect, the transmitting antenna connects power amplifier, and the receiving antenna connects low noise amplification
Device.The transmitting antenna includes 1090Mhz transmitting antenna and 978Mhz transmitting antenna.The software radio transceiver boards include hair
It penetrates daughter board and receives daughter board, the transmitting daughter board is used to carry out PPM modulation to received signal under embedded computer driving
It is modulated with CPFSK, and is sent to power amplifier, the reception daughter board is used to receive low noise under embedded computer driving
The amplified ADS-B signal of signal amplifier, and PPM demodulation or CPFSK demodulation are carried out, and inspection is passed through to the signal after demodulation
Embedded computer is sent to after surveying preamble pulse framing.
Wherein, as shown in Fig. 2, realizing following software module using programming language in the Linux platform of embedded computer:
Data acquisition module, under Linux platform, programmed using JAVA language obtain GNSS sensor based on
The location data of NEMA-0183 agreement, including (information such as longitude and latitude, height, speed)；It if it is for launched by airplane, then also
Pressure-altitude sensor return data, and corrected altitude information need to be obtained using JAVA language programming.
Message coding module, for location data and altitude information to be encoded to 1090Mhz extension message format and UAT lattice
The frame of formula, and pass through UDP message transmission to message modulation module；Wherein, transmission is according to different signal transmission forms, ADS-B
The coding mode of signal is different, by taking the Mode S 1090ES that civil aviaton's air control field mainly uses as an example, under S mode
ADS-B frame breath is made of the leading header pulse of 8 microseconds and the data information digit pulse of 112 microseconds.ADS-B frame under S mode
Format is as shown in table 1.It is standardized according to RTCADO 206B, the ADS-B message that aircraft and vehicle are sent has different data lattice
Formula, therefore, in ADS-B frame, the biography link formats down for vehicle are DF18, and navigation aircraft is then DF17；Second field
Type specification describes S mode answering machine ability；The address ICAO of third field description aircraft or the particular number of vehicle；The
Four fields are 56 ADS-B data, comprising about information such as aircraft altitude, latitude and longitudes；The last one field is
Even-odd check, length is 24, by the data format by data encoding.
ADS-B frame format under table 1S mode
The 1090Mhz received is extended message format for drive software transceiving plate by PPM modulation drive module
Frame by Binary Conversion be complex data, and complex data is converted to the ADS- for being 1090MHz through PPM modulation after pulse code
B signal；Wherein, data type conversion, which can be convenient, is converted to RF (1090MHz)；Wherein, ADS-B frame includes preamble pulse sum number
According to pulse, when PPM modulation, ADS-B frame is turned according to the requirement of pulse width and pulse position to preamble pulse and data pulse
Pulse code is turned to, the Gnuradio modulation journey of modulation ADS-B pulse is write using modularization programming using Gnuradio software
Sequence, using the Gnuradio modulation program drive software transceiving plate by ADS-B impulse modulation be 1090MHz.
CPFSK modulate drive module, for drive software transceiving plate by the frame of the UAT format received by two into
System is converted to complex data, and complex data is converted to the ADS-B signal for being modulated to 978MHz after pulse code through CPFSK.
Signal sends drive module, for drive software transceiving plate according to the configured transmission of setting by 1090MHz
ADS-B signal and 978MHz ADS-B signal be sent to power amplifier carry out power amplification after, be transmitted to transmitting antenna into
Row transmitting；Wherein, the configured transmission of setting includes IP address, sample rate, transmission gain and day line options, and transmission gain default is set
4 are set to, optimum gain when running the program is between 1 and 4, emitting antenna selecting TX；The module passes through Gnuradio software,
Using modularization programming, realization is run after writing Gnuradio program.
It is amplified to obtain noiselike signal amplifier for drive software transceiving plate for message sink drive module
ADS-B signal, wherein the ADS-B signal is received by receiving antenna, and frequency is 1090Mhz or 978Mhz；The module is by answering
Realization is run after writing Gnuradio program using modularization programming with the Gnuradio software in Linux platform.
PPM demodulation verification drive module, the ADS-B letter for the 1090Mhz that drive software transceiving plate will acquire
Number, effectively continuous pulse signal (the data information position of leading header pulse and 112 microseconds including 8 microseconds is demodulated into through PPM
Pulse), and the preamble pulse according to determined by 1090Mhz extension message format, continuous impulse signal is converted into 1090Mhz and is expanded
The frame of message format, then the ADS-B signal detection algorithm based on the instantaneous correlation properties of preamble pulse are opened up, whether judgment frame is effective,
Effective frame is given to the JAVA listening port run in Linux platform by UDP message transmission；The module passes through application
Gnuradio software in Linux platform runs realization after writing Gnuradio demodulation process using modularization programming.
CPFSK demodulation verification drive module, the ADS-B letter for the 978Mhz that drive software transceiving plate will acquire
Number it is demodulated into effectively continuous pulse signal, and the preamble pulse according to determined by UAT format through CPFSK, continuous impulse is believed
The frame of UAT format, then the ADS-B signal detection algorithm based on the instantaneous correlation properties of preamble pulse number are converted to, whether is judgment frame
Effectively, effective frame is given to the JAVA listening port run in Linux platform by UDP message transmission；The module is by answering
Realization is run after writing Gnuradio demodulation process using modularization programming with the Gnuradio software in Linux platform.
Source codec module effectively disappears for writing ADS-B message monitoring program using JAVA language once listening to
Breath i.e. operation decoding program, decoding program are that the frame that will be received extends message format according to 1090Mhz or UAT format is advised
Model decoding；For example, being successively decoded for frame format shown in table 1, the first character section of ADS-B message is DF type；Such as
Aircraft, using DF17 type, binary digit is expressed as 10001；Second field is this field description of sub-type field S mould
Formula answering machine ability.The address ICAO of third field description aircraft or the particular number of vehicle；4th field is 56
ADS-B data, comprising about information such as aircraft altitude, latitude and longitudes；The last one field is even-odd check, and length is
24.
Message transmission module, setting data send IP address and port numbers, the format of output 1090Mhz extension text or
The ADS-B information of the decoded aircraft/vehicle of the specification of the data format of UAT such as uses Asterix CAT021 format.
ADS-B transceiver machine application schematic diagram is as shown in figure 3, application includes vehicle-mounted ADS-B transceiver machine and airborne
ADS-B transceiver machine.It is loaded with the aviation of the vehicle and airborne ADS-B transceiver machine of vehicle-mounted ADS-B transceiver machine
Device, aircraft/vehicle ADS-B information that GNSS sensor, pressure-altitude sensor are obtained, passes through data pre-processing and signal
It is launched outward after modulation.ADS-B earth station and be loaded with the vehicle of vehicle-mounted ADS-B transceiver machine, airborne ADS-B transmitting-receiving one
The aircraft of body machine receives neighbouring aircraft/vehicle ADS-B signal, generates boat after passing sequentially through the decoding of signal demodulation data
Pocket/vehicle ADS-B information.It is sent to display end to be shown, enhancing aircraft/vehicle moves airport and ambient airspace
State perception, for preventing airfield runway invasion, keeping aerial interval and aerial anticollision that there is significant application value.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiments provide a kind of ADS-B receiving/transmission method based on software radio, this method based on embodiment 1 one
Body machine realizes, including emitting portion and receiving portion, wherein emitting portion includes:
ADS-B receiving/transmission method of the present invention based on software radio, including emitting portion and receiving portion.
As shown in figure 4, emitting portion comprising steps of
(1) acquisition aircraft/vehicle location data of GNSS cycle sensor, pressure-altitude sensor are periodic
Aircraft/vehicle elevation information is acquired, and is transmitted to embedded computer.
(2) embedded computer obtains the location data of GNSS sensor acquisition and the height of pressure-altitude sensor acquisition
Data, and it is encoded to specified message format.The step in the Linux platform of embedded computer by using programming language real
It is existing, it specifically includes:
(2-1) data acquisition: under Linux platform, using JAVA language programming acquisition GNSS sensor based on NEMA-
The location data of 0183 agreement, including (information such as longitude and latitude, height, speed)；It if it is for launched by airplane, then also need to utilize
JAVA language programming obtains pressure-altitude sensor return data, and corrected altitude information；
(2-2) message coding: location data and altitude information are encoded to 1090Mhz extension message format and UAT format
Frame, and by UDP message transmission to message modulation module；Wherein, transmission is according to different signal transmission forms, ADS-B letter
Number coding mode it is different, by taking the Mode S 1090ES that field of air traffic control mainly uses as an example, under S mode
ADS-B frame breath is made of the leading header pulse of 8 microseconds and the data information digit pulse of 112 microseconds.ADS-B frame under S mode
Format is as shown in table 1.It is standardized according to RTCADO 206B, the ADS-B message that aircraft and vehicle are sent has different data lattice
Formula, therefore, in ADS-B frame, the biography link formats down for vehicle are DF18, and navigation aircraft is then DF17；Second field
Type specification describes S mode answering machine ability；The address ICAO of third field description aircraft or the particular number of vehicle；The
Four fields are 56 ADS-B data, comprising about information such as aircraft altitude, latitude and longitudes；The last one field is
Even-odd check, length is 24, by the data format by data encoding.
It (3), will be after the data modulation that formulate message format by software radio transceiver boards under embedded computer driving
It is sent to power amplifier.It specifically includes:
(3-1) PPM modulation: under the PPM modulation drive module driving of embedded computer, software radio transceiver boards will
The frame of the 1090Mhz extension message format received is complex data by Binary Conversion, and complex data is converted to pulse
The ADS-B signal for being 1090MHz through PPM modulation after code；Wherein, data type conversion, which can be convenient, is converted to RF (1090MHz)；
Wherein, ADS-B frame includes preamble pulse and data pulse, wide according to the pulse to preamble pulse and data pulse when PPM modulation
ADS-B frame is converted pulse code by the requirement of degree and pulse position, writes tune using modularization programming using Gnuradio software
The PPM modulation driver of ADS-B pulse processed, using the program by ADS-B impulse modulation be 1090MHz；
(3-2) CPFSK modulation: under the CPFSK modulation drive module driving of embedded computer, software radio transmitting-receiving
The frame of the UAT format received is complex data by Binary Conversion by plate, and is passed through after complex data is converted to pulse code
CPFSK is modulated to the ADS-B signal of 978MHz, and is transmitted to signal and sends drive module；
(3-3) signal is sent: in the case where the signal of embedded computer sends drive module driving, software radio transceiver boards
The ADS-B signal of the ADS-B signal of 1090MHz and 978MHz power amplifier is sent to according to the configured transmission of setting to carry out
After power amplification, it is transmitted to transmitting antenna and is emitted；Wherein, the configured transmission of setting includes IP address, sample rate, transmission increasing
Benefit and day line options, transmission gain default setting are 4, and optimum gain when running the program is between 1 and 4, transmitting antenna choosing
Select TX.
(4) it after the power amplifier amplifies signal, is transmitted to transmitting antenna and is emitted.
As shown in figure 5, receiving portion comprising steps of
(5) receiving antenna receives the ADS-B message that other aircrafts/vehicle are sent, and be transmitted to low-noise amplifier into
Row amplification.
(6) under embedded computer driving, the signal that is amplified low-noise amplifier by software radio transceiver boards into
Row demodulation.It specifically includes:
(6-1) message sink: under the message sink drive module driving of embedded computer, software radio transceiver boards
Obtain the amplified ADS-B signal of noiselike signal amplifier, wherein the ADS-B signal is received by receiving antenna, and frequency is
1090Mhz or 978Mhz；The module using the Gnuradio software in Linux platform using modularization programming by being write
It runs and realizes after Gnuradio demodulation process；
(6-2) PPM demodulation verification: under the PPM demodulation correction verification module driving of embedded computer, software radio transmitting-receiving
The ADS-B signal for the 1090Mhz that plate will acquire is demodulated into effectively continuous pulse signal (the preceding Leader including 8 microseconds through PPM
The data information digit pulse of head pulse and 112 microseconds), and the preamble pulse according to determined by 1090Mhz extension message format, it will
Continuous impulse signal is converted to the frame of 1090Mhz extension message format, then the letter of the ADS-B based on the instantaneous correlation properties of preamble pulse
Number detection algorithm, whether judgment frame is effective, gives effective frame to the JAVA run in Linux platform by UDP message transmission
Listening port；
(6-3) CPFSK demodulation verification: embedded computer CPFSK demodulation verification drive module driving under, software without
The ADS-B signal for the 978Mhz that message sink drive module obtains is demodulated into effectively continuous arteries and veins through CPFSK by line electricity transceiver boards
Signal, and the preamble pulse according to determined by UAT format are rushed, continuous impulse signal is converted to the frame of UAT format, then before being based on
Leader rushes the ADS-B signal detection algorithm of instantaneous correlation properties, and whether judgment frame is effective, and effective frame is passed by UDP message
It is defeated by the JAVA listening port run in Linux platform.
(7) embedded computer is in the machine by output aircraft/vehicle ADS-B letter after the data decoding after demodulation
Breath.It specifically includes:
(7-1) source codec: writing ADS-B message monitoring program using JAVA language, once listen to effective message
Decoding program is run, decoding program is that the frame that will be received extends message format according to 1090Mhz or UAT format standardizes
Decoding；For example, being successively decoded for frame format shown in table 1, the first character section of ADS-B message is DF type；Such as it navigates
Pocket, using DF17 type, binary digit is expressed as 10001；Second field is this field description S mode of sub-type field
Answering machine ability.The address ICAO of third field description aircraft or the particular number of vehicle；4th field is 56
ADS-B data, comprising about information such as aircraft altitude, latitude and longitudes；The last one field is even-odd check, length 24
Position.
(7-2) message is sent: setting data send IP address and port numbers, the format of output 1090Mhz extension text or
The ADS-B information of the decoded aircraft/vehicle of the specification of the data format of UAT such as uses Asterix CAT021 format.
The above disclosure is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the invention cannot be limited thereby,
Therefore equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of the present invention, are still within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of ADS-B transceiver machine based on software radio, it is characterised in that: including GNSS sensor, pressure altitude
Sensor, embedded computer, software radio transceiver boards, transmitting antenna, power amplifier, low-noise amplifier and reception day
Line, the GNSS sensor, pressure-altitude sensor and software radio transceiver boards are separately connected the embedded computer, institute
It states power amplifier and low-noise amplifier is separately connected the software radio transceiver boards, the transmitting antenna connection power is put
Big device, the receiving antenna connect low-noise amplifier, and the embedded computer is used to realize following function using software module
Can: the location data of GNSS sensor acquisition and the altitude information of pressure-altitude sensor acquisition are obtained, and is encoded to specified disappear
It is sent to power amplifier after ceasing format, then the modulation of drive software transceiving plate, so that emitting after power amplifier through transmitting antenna
It goes out and drive software transceiving plate obtains the ADS-B signal amplified through low-noise amplifier, and drive software is wireless
Electric transceiver boards are demodulated and export aircraft/vehicle ADS-B information after decoding in the machine.
2. the ADS-B transceiver machine according to claim 1 based on software radio, it is characterised in that: the insertion
Following software module is realized using programming language in the Linux platform of formula computer:
Data acquisition module, for obtaining the location data of GNSS sensor acquisition and the high degree of pressure-altitude sensor acquisition
According to, and corrected altitude data；
Message coding module, for location data and altitude information to be encoded to 1090Mhz extension message format and UAT format
Frame, and pass through UDP message transmission to message modulation module；
The 1090Mhz received is extended the frame of message format for drive software transceiving plate by PPM modulation drive module
It is complex data by Binary Conversion, and complex data is converted to and is believed after pulse code through the ADS-B that PPM modulation is 1090MHz
Number；
CPFSK modulates drive module, turns the frame of the UAT format received by binary system for drive software transceiving plate
It is changed to complex data, and complex data is converted to the ADS-B signal for being modulated to 978MHz after pulse code through CPFSK；
Signal sends drive module and obtains for drive software transceiving plate according to the configured transmission of setting by modulated
The ADS-B signal of 1090MHz and the ADS-B signal of 978MHz be sent to power amplifier carry out power amplification after, be transmitted to
Transmitting antenna is emitted；
Message sink drive module obtains the amplified ADS- of noiselike signal amplifier for drive software transceiving plate
B signal, wherein the ADS-B signal is received by receiving antenna, and frequency is 1090Mhz or 978Mhz；
PPM demodulation verification drive module, for the ADS-B signal for the 1090Mhz that drive software transceiving plate will acquire, warp
PPM is demodulated into effectively continuous pulse signal, and the preamble pulse according to determined by 1090Mhz extension message format, will be continuous
Pulse signal is converted to the frame of 1090Mhz extension message format, then the inspection of the ADS-B signal based on the instantaneous correlation properties of preamble pulse
Method of determining and calculating, whether judgment frame is effective, and effective frame is passed through UDP message transmission to source codec module；
CPFSK demodulation verification drive module, the ADS-B signal warp for the 978Mhz that drive software transceiving plate will acquire
CPFSK is demodulated into effectively continuous pulse signal, and the preamble pulse according to determined by UAT format, and continuous impulse signal is turned
It is changed to the frame of UAT format, then the ADS-B signal detection algorithm based on the instantaneous correlation properties of preamble pulse, whether judgment frame is effective,
Effective frame is passed through into UDP message transmission to source codec module；
Source codec module, for carrying out specification solution according to 1090Mhz extension message format or UAT format to the frame received
Code；
Message transmission module, for sending the ADS-B data of the decoded 1090Mhz extension message format of specification or UAT format
To the destination pre-seted.
3. the ADS-B transceiver machine according to claim 1 based on software radio, it is characterised in that: the transmitting
Antenna includes 1090Mhz transmitting antenna and 978Mhz transmitting antenna.
4. the ADS-B transceiver machine according to claim 1 based on software radio, it is characterised in that: the GNSS
Sensor turns USB connection embedded computer by serial ports, and it is embedded that the pressure-altitude sensor by I2C turns USB connection
Computer.
5. the ADS-B transceiver machine according to claim 1 based on software radio, it is characterised in that: the software
Transceiving plate includes transmitting daughter board and receives daughter board, and the transmitting daughter board is used under embedded computer driving to reception
Signal carry out PPM modulation and CPFSK modulation, and be sent to power amplifier, the receptions daughter board is in embedding assembly
Machine driving is lower to receive the amplified ADS-B signal of noiselike signal amplifier, and carries out PPM demodulation or CPFSK demodulation and right
Signal after demodulation is by being sent to embedded computer after detection preamble pulse framing.
6. a kind of ADS-B receiving/transmission method based on software radio, it is characterised in that: including emitting portion and receiving portion,
In, emitting portion comprising steps of
(1) acquisition aircraft/vehicle location data of GNSS cycle sensor, pressure-altitude sensor periodically acquire
Aircraft/vehicle elevation information, and it is transmitted to embedded computer；
(2) embedded computer obtains the location data of GNSS sensor acquisition and the high degree of pressure-altitude sensor acquisition
According to, and it is encoded to specified message format；
(3) it under embedded computer driving, will be sent after the data for formulating message format modulation by software radio transceiver boards
To power amplifier；
(4) it after the power amplifier amplifies signal, is transmitted to transmitting antenna and is emitted；
Receiving portion comprising steps of
(5) receiving antenna receives the ADS-B message that other aircrafts/vehicle is sent, and is transmitted to low-noise amplifier and is put
Greatly；
(6) under embedded computer driving, the signal that low-noise amplifier amplifies is solved by software radio transceiver boards
It adjusts；
(7) embedded computer will export aircraft/vehicle ADS-B information after the data decoding after demodulation in the machine.
7. the ADS-B receiving/transmission method according to claim 6 based on software radio, it is characterised in that: the step (2)
By using programming language to realize in the Linux platform of embedded computer, step (2) is specifically included:
(2-1) data acquisition module obtains the location data of GNSS sensor acquisition and the high degree of pressure-altitude sensor acquisition
According to, and corrected altitude data；
Location data and altitude information are encoded to 1090Mhz extension message format and UAT format by (2-2) message coding module
Frame, and pass through UDP message transmission to software radio transceiver boards.
8. the ADS-B receiving/transmission method according to claim 6 based on software radio, it is characterised in that: step (3) is specific
Include:
(3-1) under the PPM modulation drive module driving of embedded computer, software radio transceiver boards will be received
It is complex data that 1090Mhz, which extends the frame of message format by Binary Conversion, and complex data is converted to after pulse code through PPM
It is modulated to the ADS-B signal of 1090MHz；
(3-2) under the CPFSK modulation drive module driving of embedded computer, software radio transceiver boards will be received
The frame of UAT format is complex data by Binary Conversion, and complex data is converted to and is modulated to after pulse code through CPFSK
The ADS-B signal of 978MHz；
(3-3) in the case where the signal of embedded computer sends drive module driving, software radio transceiver boards are according to the biography of setting
The ADS-B signal of the ADS-B signal of modulated obtained 1090MHz and 978MHz is sent to power amplifier and carried out by defeated parameter
After power amplification, it is transmitted to transmitting antenna and is emitted.
9. the ADS-B receiving/transmission method according to claim 6 based on software radio, it is characterised in that: step (6) is specific
Include:
(6-1) under the message sink drive module driving of embedded computer, software radio transceiver boards obtain low noise letter
Number amplified ADS-B signal of amplifier, wherein the ADS-B signal is received by receiving antenna, frequency be 1090Mhz or
978Mhz；
(6-2) under the PPM demodulation correction verification module driving of embedded computer, software radio transceiver boards be will acquire
The ADS-B signal of 1090Mhz is demodulated into effectively continuous pulse signal through PPM, and extends message format institute according to 1090Mhz
Continuous impulse signal is converted to the frame of 1090Mhz extension message format by determining preamble pulse, then instantaneous based on preamble pulse
The ADS-B signal detection algorithm of correlation properties, whether judgment frame is effective, and effective frame is passed through UDP message transmission to message solution
Code module；
(6-3) under the CPFSK demodulation verification drive module driving of embedded computer, software radio transceiver boards be will acquire
The ADS-B signal of 978Mhz is demodulated into effectively continuous pulse signal, and the preceding leader according to determined by UAT format through CPFSK
Continuous impulse signal, is converted to the frame of UAT format, then the ADS-B signal detection based on the instantaneous correlation properties of preamble pulse by punching
Algorithm, whether judgment frame is effective, and effective frame is passed through UDP message transmission to source codec module.
10. the ADS-B receiving/transmission method according to claim 6 based on software radio, it is characterised in that: step (7) is logical
It crosses and is realized in the Linux platform of embedded computer using programming language, specifically included:
The source codec module of (7-1) embedded computer is to the frame received according to 1090Mhz extension message format or UAT lattice
Formula carries out specification decoding；
The message transmission module of (7-2) embedded computer is by specification decoded 1090Mhz extension message format or UAT format
ADS-B data are sent to the destination pre-seted.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810825227.8A CN109327254A (en) | 2018-07-25 | 2018-07-25 | ADS-B transceiver machine and method based on software radio |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810825227.8A CN109327254A (en) | 2018-07-25 | 2018-07-25 | ADS-B transceiver machine and method based on software radio |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109327254A true CN109327254A (en) | 2019-02-12 |
Family
ID=65263953
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810825227.8A Pending CN109327254A (en) | 2018-07-25 | 2018-07-25 | ADS-B transceiver machine and method based on software radio |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109327254A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111988115A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-11-24 | 四川九洲空管科技有限责任公司 | ADS-B distributed processing system based on parallel computing on general platform |
| CN117295038A (en) * | 2023-11-24 | 2023-12-26 | 中国民航大学 | UAT2 data link equipment, data coding method and data coding device |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080129497A1 (en) * | 2003-09-11 | 2008-06-05 | Jon Woodard | Reconfigurable alarm apparatus |
| US20140024395A1 (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2014-01-23 | Appareo Systems, Llc | Automatic multi-generational data caching and recovery |
| CN103701488A (en) * | 2013-12-21 | 2014-04-02 | 中电科航空电子有限公司 | S-mode responder with automatic dependent surveillance broadcast mode capability for 1090-megahertz extension telegraph text |
| CN105553487A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-05-04 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安航空计算技术研究所 | Software radio-based airborne navigation and communication processing module |
| CN106297417A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-01-04 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of unmanned plane during flying service and supervisory systems and method |
| US20170140656A1 (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2017-05-18 | Purdue Research Foundation | Estimating aircraft operations at airports using transponder data |
| CN106935079A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-07-07 | 南京航空航天大学 | The collection of ADS B signals and reliability verification method based on Software Radio platform |
-
2018
- 2018-07-25 CN CN201810825227.8A patent/CN109327254A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080129497A1 (en) * | 2003-09-11 | 2008-06-05 | Jon Woodard | Reconfigurable alarm apparatus |
| US20140024395A1 (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2014-01-23 | Appareo Systems, Llc | Automatic multi-generational data caching and recovery |
| CN103701488A (en) * | 2013-12-21 | 2014-04-02 | 中电科航空电子有限公司 | S-mode responder with automatic dependent surveillance broadcast mode capability for 1090-megahertz extension telegraph text |
| US20170140656A1 (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2017-05-18 | Purdue Research Foundation | Estimating aircraft operations at airports using transponder data |
| CN105553487A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-05-04 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安航空计算技术研究所 | Software radio-based airborne navigation and communication processing module |
| CN106297417A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-01-04 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of unmanned plane during flying service and supervisory systems and method |
| CN106935079A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-07-07 | 南京航空航天大学 | The collection of ADS B signals and reliability verification method based on Software Radio platform |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| YUEYING ZHANG，ETC: "SDR-Based ADS-B with Dual-Frequency for UAS: A Universal Design", 《2015 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY; UBIQUITOUS COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATIONS; DEPENDABLE, AUTONOMIC AND SECURE COMPUTING; PERVASIVE INTELLIGENCE AND COMPUTING》 * |
| 欧壮杰: "基于软件无线电技术的ADS- B 1090Mhz下行载波接收方法及检出算法对比", 《民航管理》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111988115A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-11-24 | 四川九洲空管科技有限责任公司 | ADS-B distributed processing system based on parallel computing on general platform |
| CN117295038A (en) * | 2023-11-24 | 2023-12-26 | 中国民航大学 | UAT2 data link equipment, data coding method and data coding device |
| CN117295038B (en) * | 2023-11-24 | 2024-04-16 | 中国民航大学 | UAT2 data link equipment, data coding method and data coding device |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US9129520B2 (en) | Unmanned aerial system position reporting system | |
| US9595198B2 (en) | Unmanned aerial system position reporting system | |
| CN203528817U (en) | Mountain tourism emergency rescue system based on unmanned plane | |
| WO2007149114A3 (en) | In-flight transceiver and locator system | |
| CN212231504U (en) | Smart phone based on big dipper short message | |
| CN203101647U (en) | Portable ADS-B (Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast) surveillance device based on 1090ES data link | |
| CN102411150A (en) | AIS (Automatic identification System) ship-borne terminal system based on Beidou satellite navigation | |
| CN109327254A (en) | ADS-B transceiver machine and method based on software radio | |
| WO2009139937A3 (en) | Unmanned aerial system position reporting system and related methods | |
| CN103176457B (en) | Aircraft position automatic monitored control system, position reporting device and ground monitoring device | |
| CN106059653A (en) | Aircraft signal transmission system and signal transmission method thereof | |
| CN103995188B (en) | Full-band radio-frequency signal detecting and locating device and method capable of carrying out single frequency band detection | |
| CN109889302A (en) | To the portable triple channel barrage jamming device and method of small drone | |
| FR2838524B1 (en) | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR LOCATING A MOBILE TERMINAL, IN PARTICULAR FOR RESCINDING A PERSON IN DISTRESS, AND DEVICE FOR ALARMING A CORRESPONDING MOBILE TERMINAL | |
| CN111932952A (en) | ADS-B monitoring system and monitoring data processing method | |
| Kubo et al. | Low altitude situational awareness enhancement using remote ID broadcasted from small UAS | |
| CN112886974B (en) | Multifunctional airborne navigation equipment | |
| US8165632B2 (en) | Position reporting microphone | |
| CN113965298B (en) | Communication method of dual-channel unmanned aerial vehicle line-of-sight communication system | |
| CN106527477A (en) | Unmanned aerial vehicle monitoring system and method | |
| CN204613398U (en) | A kind of radar beacon machine | |
| CN205610615U (en) | Unmanned aerial vehicle object positioning system | |
| CN205864424U (en) | Aircraft signal transmission system | |
| CN210690832U (en) | Automatic antenna tracking system for unmanned aerial vehicle | |
| NL2030471B1 (en) | Ads-b transceiver based on software-defined radio |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20190212 |