CN109323643B - Rapid detection device and method for blade profile of blisk subjected to electrolytic rough machining - Google Patents
Rapid detection device and method for blade profile of blisk subjected to electrolytic rough machining Download PDFInfo
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- CN109323643B CN109323643B CN201811127971.7A CN201811127971A CN109323643B CN 109323643 B CN109323643 B CN 109323643B CN 201811127971 A CN201811127971 A CN 201811127971A CN 109323643 B CN109323643 B CN 109323643B
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- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/14—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for quickly detecting a blade profile of a blisk after electrolytic rough machining. The device comprises a leaf disc positioning tool, a detection tool and a detection sample plate, wherein the leaf disc positioning tool comprises a base disc, a central column and a positioning element, a plurality of base disc positioning holes related to blades of the integral leaf disc are formed in the circumferential direction of the base disc, leaf disc positioning holes matched with the base disc positioning holes are formed in the integral leaf disc, the integral leaf disc and the base disc are coaxially mounted through the central column, and the positioning element is used for penetrating the leaf disc positioning holes and the base disc positioning holes to relatively position the integral leaf disc and the base disc; the detection tool comprises an installation base, a sliding guide groove and an adjusting block, wherein the base is detachably installed on the peripheral side wall of the chassis, the sliding guide groove is connected with the base in a sliding mode, and the adjusting block is arranged on the sliding guide groove; the detection sample plate is arranged in the sliding guide groove, the installation gap is adjusted by the adjusting block and used for detecting the blade profile gap after electrolytic rough machining, and the detection sample plate comprises a blade basin detection sample plate and a blade back detection sample plate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic machining processes, in particular to a device and a method for quickly detecting a blade profile of a blisk subjected to electrolytic rough machining.
Background
At present, the overall structure design concept is widely applied to the aviation manufacturing technology, particularly to the manufacturing of an aircraft engine, and is beneficial to improving the service performance and prolonging the service life of the engine. For example, the integral blade disc designs the blades and the wheel disc into a whole, thereby omitting tenons, mortises and locking devices, avoiding airflow loss of the tenons, reducing the structural weight and the number of parts, greatly simplifying the structure of the engine and reducing the weight; the working efficiency of the engine is improved, and the thrust-weight ratio and the reliability can further promote the rapid development of the manufacturing technology.
The electrolytic machining of the blisk is divided into rough machining and precision forming machining. The electrolytic rough machining adopts a rotary jacking method, the speed is high, the cost is low, and the jacking electrolytic machining is listed in the blisk manufacturing standard. The distribution of the blade profile allowance after rough machining is directly related to the leveling and final precision of precision electrolytic machining, so that the detection of the rough machining blade profile is an important link for ensuring the machining quality. The traditional three-coordinate detection and template detection need to disassemble the blade disc and need to be carried out on a detection platform. Because the number of the blade profiles of the blade disc is large, the detection is required for many times in the rough machining process to ensure that the sizes of the blade profiles are consistent. In actual manufacturing, repeated disassembly of the blisk would result in a significant loss of efficiency. Moreover, because the electrolytic workpiece is provided with the electrolyte, the workpiece needs to be cleaned before detection, so that the efficiency is low, and the labor cost is increased.
Therefore, the inventor provides a rapid detection device and a rapid detection method for the blade profile of the blisk after electrolytic rough machining.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a device and a method for quickly detecting a blade profile after electrolytic rough machining of a blisk, and solves the problems of low detection efficiency and high cost caused by repeated disassembly of the blade profile after the electrolytic rough machining of the blisk.
In the aspect of a base plate, the embodiment of the invention provides a blade profile quick detection device for an integral blade disc after electrolytic rough machining, which comprises:
the blisk positioning tool is used for installing and positioning a blisk and comprises a chassis, a central column and a positioning element, wherein a plurality of chassis positioning holes related to blades of the blisk are formed in the chassis along the circumferential direction, blisk positioning holes matched with the chassis positioning holes are formed in the blisk, the blisk is coaxially installed with the chassis through the central column, and the positioning element is used for penetrating the blisk positioning holes and the chassis positioning holes to relatively position the blisk and the chassis;
the detection tool comprises an installation base, a sliding guide groove and an adjusting block, wherein the base is detachably installed on the peripheral side wall of the chassis, the sliding guide groove is connected with the base in a sliding mode, and the adjusting block is arranged on the sliding guide groove;
and the detection sample plate is arranged in the sliding guide groove, the mounting gap is adjusted by the adjusting block, and the detection sample plate is used for detecting the blade profile gap after electrolytic rough machining and comprises a blade basin detection sample plate and a blade back detection sample plate.
Further, the base plate is a circular base plate with the radius smaller than that of the blisk.
Furthermore, the plurality of chassis positioning holes are equal in diameter and are uniformly distributed on the circular chassis, and the hole centers of all the chassis positioning holes are positioned on an equal-diameter circumference taking the central axis of the chassis as the circle center.
Furthermore, the included angle of the two adjacent chassis positioning holes on the equal-diameter circumference is the same as the included angle of the blade grids of the two adjacent blades.
Further, the diameters of the positioning element, the chassis positioning hole and the blade disc positioning hole are the same.
Furthermore, the groove shape of the sliding guide groove is matched with the trend of the blade profile.
Further, the groove type of the sliding guide groove is a linear groove or a twisted blade type groove.
Further, the position of the sliding guide groove corresponds to the blade grid gap of the blisk.
Furthermore, the blade basin detection sample plate and the blade back detection sample plate both comprise installation ends and measuring blade ends, the blade basin detection sample plate and the blade back detection sample plate are installed in the sliding guide groove through the installation ends, the installation gaps are adjusted through the adjusting blocks, the measuring blade ends of the blade basin detection sample plate are designed according to the rough machined theoretical blade basin profile, and the measuring blade ends of the blade back detection sample plate are designed according to the rough machined theoretical blade back profile.
In the aspect of a blade disc, the embodiment of the invention provides a method for quickly detecting a blade profile of a blisk after electrolytic rough machining, which adopts a detection device invented by a chassis, and comprises the following steps:
the blisk is rotatably arranged on the blisk positioning tool, the blisk, the central column and the chassis are ensured to be coaxially arranged, and the chassis positioning hole in the chassis and the blisk positioning hole in the blisk are positioned and arranged through the positioning element;
the detection tool is detachably mounted on the peripheral side wall of the base plate through a base, and a detection sample plate is mounted in the sliding guide groove when the blade profile obtained after electrolytic rough machining is detected;
when the leaf basin detection or the leaf back detection is carried out, the corresponding detection sample plate is closely matched with the leaf basin or the leaf back by moving the sliding guide groove and the adjusting block;
and measuring and judging the error clearance between the detection sample plate and the blade basin or the blade back, and judging the machining allowance of the blade profile after the electrolytic rough machining based on the error clearance.
In conclusion, the device provided by the invention is based on a template detection method, and utilizes the blade profile detection device which is fixedly connected with the blade disc positioning tool to perform non-disassembly detection on the electrolytically rough-machined blade profile of the integral blade disc in a machining site. In order to detect different blade types on the same blade disc, a plurality of indexing chassis positioning holes with the same number as the blades are uniformly distributed in a chassis of the blisk tool, and the positions of the blisk tool in the checking fixture can be changed by rotating the blisk and inserting positioning elements into the different chassis positioning holes in the chassis, so that the detection of different blade types is completed. The detection method of the invention solves the problem that the detection needs to be carried out in time in the rough machining process, and plays an important role in the electrolytic rough machining test. On the premise of meeting the requirement of rough machining precision detection, the device is simple in structure, convenient to operate and suitable for rapid detection of the blade profile in batch production.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a blade profile rapid detection device after the electrolytic rough machining of a blisk.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a partial structure of the inspection tool in fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is a side view schematic of the inspection tool.
In the figure:
1-a chassis; 2-a central column; 3-blisk; 4-a positioning element; 5-leaf type; 6-a base; 7-leaf basin detection sample plate; 8-adjusting blocks; 9-an adjusting block; 10-a sliding guide groove; 11-an adjusting block; 12-leaf back detection template; 13-screw.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings are provided to illustrate the principles of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, i.e., the invention is not limited to the embodiments described, but covers any modifications, substitutions and improvements in the parts, connections and modes of operation without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Among the manufacturing techniques of blisks, electrolytic machining is one of the key developed techniques at home and abroad. The electrochemical machining is a special process method for removing and machining metal materials by utilizing an electrochemical anode dissolution principle, can machine various conductive materials, and has the advantages of high machining efficiency, no tool cathode loss, no machining stress and the like.
The electrolytic machining of the blisk is divided into rough machining and precision forming machining. The distribution of the blade profile allowance after rough machining is directly related to the leveling and final precision of precision electrolytic machining, so that the detection of the rough machining blade profile is an important link for ensuring the machining quality.
The traditional blisk blade profile detection generally adopts methods such as template detection, optical tracking detection, three-coordinate measuring machine detection and the like, and for rough machining of the blade profile, the template method is convenient and suitable, but a special detection platform is generally required to be designed. In the process of electrolytic rough machining of the blisk, a certain margin is reserved on the blade profile, the size of the machined blade profile is different due to the change of parameters such as the temperature of electrolyte, and the feeding parameters are properly adjusted according to the detection result after timing detection. And the processing of all blade profiles of one blade disc needs multiple times of detection and parameter correction. If a general bench type detection is adopted, the leaf disc needs to be detached for multiple times, cleaned, detected and then installed and processed. After the detection process, parameters such as the temperature of the electrolyte and the like are inevitably changed greatly, and the reference value of the detection data is greatly reduced. Therefore, the existing detection method is time-consuming, labor-consuming, low in efficiency and poor in operability.
The invention provides a device and a method for quickly detecting a blade profile of a blisk after electrolytic rough machining. A blisk positioning tool and a detection device which are matched with the blisk tool are designed, the blisk positioning tool and the detection device are coaxially mounted, and the residual state of the blade profile is detected through a sample plate detection method.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are schematic views of a blade profile rapid detection device after the electrolytic rough machining of a blisk. Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the detection device of the present invention includes a blisk positioning tool, a detection tool and a detection template, the blisk positioning tool is used for installing and positioning a blisk 3, the blisk positioning tool includes a chassis 1, a center post 2 and a positioning element 4, a plurality of chassis positioning holes related to blades of the blisk 3 are arranged on the chassis 1 along the circumferential direction, blisk positioning holes matched with the chassis positioning holes are arranged on the blisk 3, the blisk 3 is installed with the chassis 1 through the center post 2 and has the same central axis, and the positioning element 4 is used for penetrating the blisk positioning holes and the chassis positioning holes to relatively position the blisk 3 and the chassis 1. The detection tool comprises an installation base 6, a sliding guide groove 10 and adjusting blocks (8, 9 and 11), wherein the base 6 is detachably installed on the peripheral side wall of the chassis 1, the sliding guide groove 10 is in sliding connection with the base 6, and the adjusting blocks (8, 9 and 11) are arranged on the sliding guide groove 10 through screws 13; the detection template is arranged in the sliding guide groove 10, the installation clearance is adjusted by the adjusting blocks (8, 9 and 11) and is used for detecting the clearance of the blade profile 5 after electrolytic rough machining, and the detection template comprises a blade basin detection template 7 and a blade back detection template 12.
In this embodiment, the base plate 1 is a circular base plate having a radius smaller than that of the blisk, and may be made of an anti-corrosion material such as stainless steel. The plurality of chassis positioning holes are equal in diameter and are uniformly distributed on the circular chassis 1, and the hole centers of all the chassis positioning holes are positioned on an equal-diameter circumference taking the central shaft of the chassis 1 as the circle center. The included angle of the two adjacent chassis positioning holes on the equal-diameter circumference is the same as the included angle of the blade grids of the two adjacent blades. That is, the number of the positioning holes of the base plate is the same as the number of the blades of the blisk, and the blisk is designed according to the circumferential indexing of the blade grids, and the blisk 3 is also designed with the positioning holes of the blisk with the same diameter. In specific implementation, the positioning element 4 may be a positioning pin or a similar thin rod, and the outer diameter of the positioning element needs to be matched with the aperture of the chassis positioning hole and the aperture of the blade disc positioning hole, so that the positioning element can be reliably positioned.
It should be noted that at least one blade disc positioning hole is provided, and in the embodiment of the present invention, one blade disc positioning hole is preferably designed to meet the positioning requirement.
As an alternative embodiment, the diameter of the positioning element 4 is the same as the diameter of the positioning holes of the base plate and the positioning holes of the blisk. The reliability of angular positioning of the blisk 3 and the chassis is further guaranteed by the aid of positioning holes and positioning elements with equal diameters.
When the blisk 3 is roughly machined in an electrolytic mode, when the blade profile 5 of one blade is machined, the blisk 3 can be rotated, the position of one chassis positioning hole moved by the chassis 1 is positioned with the blisk positioning hole in the blisk 3, and the indexing of the blisk 3 is achieved.
As an alternative, the groove profile of the sliding guide groove 10 is adapted to the profile of the blade profile 5. The groove type of the sliding guide groove 10 may be a linear groove or a twisted blade groove. The design is required to be corresponding according to the specific shape of the blade profile 5. The detection templates (the blade basin detection template 7 and the blade back detection template 12) are arranged in the grooves of the sliding guide grooves 10 and can move along the radial direction of the blade profiles 5 so as to adjust the radial positions of the detection templates, and the positions of the sliding guide grooves 10 correspond to the blade cascade gaps of the blisk 3.
Further, the blade basin detection template 7 and the blade back detection template 12 both comprise mounting ends and measuring blade ends, the blade basin detection template 7 and the blade back detection template 12 are both mounted in the sliding guide groove 10 through the mounting ends, and mounting gaps are adjusted through corresponding adjusting blocks (8, 9 and 11). In addition, in order to judge whether the interface blade profile is qualified or not in the detection process, the measuring blade end of the detection sample plate is determined according to the preset section profile and tolerance. The tolerance for the final airfoil is the designed tolerance band for the profile. That is, the measurement edge of the blade-pot inspection template 7 is designed according to the rough-machined theoretical blade-pot profile, and the measurement edge of the blade-back inspection template 12 is designed according to the rough-machined theoretical blade-back profile.
It should be noted that the sliding guide groove 10 must be matched with the twist of the blade, so that the measuring blade end of the detection template has the same twist angle as the blade profile at each cross-sectional position.
During the detection, the blade pot detection template 7 and the blade back detection template 12 can be moved along the sliding guide groove 10 separately or simultaneously. The gap between the blade profile and the part (measuring blade end) of the detection template close to the blade profile is adjusted by adjusting blocks (8, 9 and 11) until the mounting ends of the detection templates (the blade basin detection template 7 and the blade back detection template 12) can pass and are mounted. During the movement of the detection sample plate, a clearance between the measuring edge end of the detection sample plate and the surface of the blade profile 5 can be measured by a feeler gauge. When the clearance exceeds a set value, it is judged that the dimension of the blade profile 5 exceeds a lower difference of the theoretical machining allowance, and when the clearance does not pass through the detection template due to contact, it is judged that the dimension of the blade profile 5 exceeds an upper difference of the theoretical machining allowance.
The invention can be suitable for the quick online detection of the constant-section twisted blade profile processed by adopting the electrolytic trepanning material, and can carry out direct measurement operation in the electrolyte environment on equipment in the processing interval period. During detection, only the detection sample plate needs to be installed, after detection is completed, the detection sample plate also needs to be detached, and the rest parts do not need to be detached, so that quick detection is realized, the detection efficiency is improved, and the cost is saved.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a rapid detection method for the blade profile of the blisk after electrolytic rough machining by adopting the detection device. As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the specific inspection method includes the following operations:
the blisk 3 is rotatably arranged on the blisk positioning tool, the blisk 3, the central column 2 and the chassis 1 are ensured to be coaxially arranged, and a chassis positioning hole in the chassis 1 and a blisk positioning hole in the blisk 3 are positioned and arranged through a positioning element 4; a detection tool is detachably arranged on the peripheral side wall of the chassis 1 through a base 6, and when a blade profile obtained after electrolytic rough machining is detected, detection sample plates (a blade basin detection sample plate 7 and a blade back detection sample plate 12) are arranged in the sliding guide groove 10; when the leaf basin detection or the leaf back detection is carried out, the corresponding detection sample plate is closely matched with the leaf basin or the leaf back by moving the sliding guide groove 10 and the adjusting blocks ((8, 9, 11)); and measuring and judging the error clearance between the detection sample plate and the blade basin or the blade back by using a feeler gauge, and judging the machining allowance of the blade profile after electrolytic rough machining based on the error clearance.
It should be clear that the embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts in the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. For embodiments of the method, reference is made to the description of the apparatus embodiments in part. The present invention is not limited to the specific steps and structures described above and shown in the drawings. Also, a detailed description of known process techniques is omitted herein for the sake of brevity.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not limited to the present application. Various modifications and alterations to this application will become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of this invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a quick detection device of profile of blade after blisk electrolysis rough machining which characterized in that, detection device includes:
the blisk positioning tool is used for installing and positioning a blisk and comprises a chassis, a central column and a positioning element, wherein a plurality of chassis positioning holes related to blades of the blisk are formed in the chassis along the circumferential direction, blisk positioning holes matched with the chassis positioning holes are formed in the blisk, the blisk is coaxially installed with the chassis through the central column, and the positioning element is used for penetrating the blisk positioning holes and the chassis positioning holes to relatively position the blisk and the chassis;
the detection tool comprises an installation base, a sliding guide groove and an adjusting block, wherein the base is detachably installed on the peripheral side wall of the chassis, the sliding guide groove is connected with the base in a sliding mode, and the adjusting block is arranged on the sliding guide groove;
the detection sample plate is installed in the sliding guide groove, the groove shape of the sliding guide groove is matched with the blade profile trend of the blade, the installation gap is adjusted by the adjusting block and used for detecting the blade profile gap after electrolytic rough machining, and the detection sample plate comprises a blade basin detection sample plate and a blade back detection sample plate.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the base is a circular base having a radius smaller than the radius of the blisk.
3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of base plate positioning holes are arranged on the circular base plate in an equi-radial manner, and the centers of all the base plate positioning holes are located on an equi-radial circumference centered on the central axis of the base plate.
4. The device for rapidly detecting the blade profile of the blisk after the electrolytic rough machining according to claim 3, wherein the included angle of the positioning holes of the two adjacent base plates on the equal-diameter circumference is the same as the included angle of the blade cascade of the two adjacent blades.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the positioning element has the same diameter as the base plate positioning hole and the blisk positioning hole.
6. The device for rapidly detecting the blade profile of the blisk after electrolytic rough machining according to claim 1, wherein the groove type of the sliding guide groove is a linear groove or a twisted blade type groove.
7. The apparatus for rapidly detecting the profile of a blisk after electrolytic rough machining according to claim 1, wherein the position of the sliding guide groove corresponds to the blade row gap of the blisk.
8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the blade basin test sample plate and the blade back test sample plate each include a mounting end and a measuring edge end, the blade basin test sample plate and the blade back test sample plate are mounted in the sliding guide groove through the mounting ends, the mounting gap is adjusted by the adjusting block, the measuring edge end of the blade basin test sample plate is designed according to a theoretical blade basin profile after rough machining, and the measuring edge end of the blade back test sample plate is designed according to a theoretical blade back profile after rough machining.
9. A method for rapidly detecting a blade profile of a blisk after electrolytic rough machining, which is characterized in that the detection device according to any one of claims 1-8 is adopted, and the detection method comprises the following steps:
the blisk is rotatably arranged on the blisk positioning tool, the blisk, the central column and the chassis are ensured to be coaxially arranged, and the chassis positioning hole in the chassis and the blisk positioning hole in the blisk are positioned and arranged through the positioning element;
the detection tool is detachably mounted on the peripheral side wall of the base plate through a base, and a detection sample plate is mounted in the sliding guide groove when the blade profile obtained after electrolytic rough machining is detected;
when the leaf basin detection or the leaf back detection is carried out, the corresponding detection sample plate is closely matched with the leaf basin or the leaf back by moving the sliding guide groove and the adjusting block;
and measuring and judging the error clearance between the detection sample plate and the blade basin or the blade back, and judging the machining allowance of the blade profile after the electrolytic rough machining based on the error clearance.
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| CN201811127971.7A CN109323643B (en) | 2018-09-27 | 2018-09-27 | Rapid detection device and method for blade profile of blisk subjected to electrolytic rough machining |
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| CN201811127971.7A CN109323643B (en) | 2018-09-27 | 2018-09-27 | Rapid detection device and method for blade profile of blisk subjected to electrolytic rough machining |
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| CN110823072B (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2021-01-22 | 中国航发贵州黎阳航空动力有限公司 | Turbofan rectifier casing detection method and device |
| CN112066853B (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2022-02-01 | 中国航发贵州黎阳航空动力有限公司 | Readable measurement method for profile of blade |
| CN112212768B (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2022-08-02 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | Auxiliary measuring device and method for chord tangent angle of blade of stator component of casing |
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| US4539755A (en) * | 1984-06-06 | 1985-09-10 | Weimer Daniel V | Turbine compressor clearance indicator device and method of using same |
| CN101767233B (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2012-11-07 | 南京航空航天大学 | Step and zone type integral impeller electrolytic processing process and device |
| CN102478396B (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2013-10-23 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Form, position and dimension measuring method of blisk blade and tool thereof |
| CN203471513U (en) * | 2013-08-18 | 2014-03-12 | 吉林大学 | Blisk polishing machining and measuring integrated device |
| CN104014890B (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2017-01-04 | 西北工业大学 | Blisk line cutting roughing surplus minimizing technology and special fixture |
| CN203893795U (en) * | 2014-04-25 | 2014-10-22 | 西安航空动力股份有限公司 | Multi-vane set countervane profile measuring tool |
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