CN109322705B - Automatic monitoring and early warning system and early warning method for earth surface subsidence of shield tunnel - Google Patents
Automatic monitoring and early warning system and early warning method for earth surface subsidence of shield tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN109322705B CN109322705B CN201811435730.9A CN201811435730A CN109322705B CN 109322705 B CN109322705 B CN 109322705B CN 201811435730 A CN201811435730 A CN 201811435730A CN 109322705 B CN109322705 B CN 109322705B
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000003443 Unconsciousness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
Abstract
The invention provides an automatic monitoring and early warning system for shield earth surface subsidence, which comprises an automatic acquisition system and an early warning system, wherein the automatic acquisition system senses shield earth surface subsidence and generates corresponding electric signals, and the early warning system can receive electric signal data and can automatically early warn under preset conditions. The method comprises the steps of pre-measuring initial values of sample time course curves of a plurality of monitoring points at different distances from a cutter head in a normal fluctuation working condition propelling process of a shield machine, taking sample envelope curves as upper and lower limits of standard time course curves, taking the sample envelope curves as sedimentation range values of an early warning program of an early warning system, respectively arranging the system at the monitoring points at different positions on the surface of a tunnel axis in front of the cutter head corresponding to the standard time course curves when the working condition of the shield machine needs to be adjusted, and automatically early warning the cutter head when the monitoring values received by the early warning system exceed the upper limit of the standard time course curves and the lower limit of the standard time course curves.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of shield earth surface subsidence monitoring, in particular to an automatic shield tunnel earth surface subsidence monitoring and early warning system and an early warning method.
Background
The shield construction technology is a key technology of subway construction engineering, and along with continuous track traffic construction, the shield construction occupies a place in urban track traffic construction due to the rapid, safe and rapid construction. However, the shield earth surface subsidence is a non-negligible problem, and most of the existing earth surface subsidence monitoring methods have complex structures, cannot be dynamically monitored at all times, and cannot analyze and guide construction according to real-time monitoring data and adjust working conditions.
Aiming at objective problems of long tunnel interval, complex condition of passing through soil layers, large tunnel diameter (8.8 m) and the like faced by Beijing new airport line large-diameter shield subway tunnel construction, shield machine working conditions are often adjusted in the shield machine propulsion process, the conditions of unreasonable parameter adjustment such as the conditions of overlarge thrust and small soil pressure actual undervoltage propulsion easily occur in the working condition adjustment process, and the conditions of overlarge ground surface subsidence and even collapse possibly occur once the parameters are unreasonable.
Therefore, effective monitoring and early warning measures are necessary to be adopted for the earth surface subsidence of the shield, the earth surface subsidence is strictly controlled, and the potential safety hazard of the upper structure caused by the earth surface subsidence is eliminated, which is particularly necessary and urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, an automatic earth surface subsidence monitoring and early warning system and an early warning method based on the regular design of the earth surface subsidence monitoring point time course curve of the axis of the shield tunnel are provided.
The invention firstly provides an automatic monitoring and early warning system for shield earth surface subsidence, which comprises an automatic acquisition system and an early warning system, wherein,
the automatic acquisition system includes:
i. two static leveling instruments, one of which is arranged at a monitoring point of the earth surface right above the axis of the tunnel being propelled, and the other of which is arranged at an earth surface monitoring point which is not influenced by the shield propulsion at the same level, wherein the static leveling instruments are used for sensing earth surface subsidence of the shield tunnel and generating corresponding electric signals;
the automatic collection electric box is connected with the two static level gauges respectively and used for collecting electric signals generated by the static level gauges;
the early warning system comprises a PC end, wherein the PC end can receive electric signal data transmitted by the automatic acquisition electric box through wireless transmission and can automatically early warn under preset conditions.
Preferably, the two static leveling instruments are connected through an upper connecting air pipe, a middle connecting air pipe and a lower connecting water pipe.
Preferably, the PC side is provided with a data processing module, and the data processing module can draw a time course curve.
Preferably, the PC end is provided with an early warning module, and the early warning module can automatically issue red early warning when the position settlement of the monitoring point in front of the cutterhead on the corresponding time course curve exceeds the upper limit and the lower limit.
Preferably, an automatic data recorder is arranged in the automatic acquisition electric box.
The invention further provides an automatic monitoring and early warning method which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Sample collection: an automatic acquisition system is arranged in advance in the normal fluctuation working condition propulsion process of the shield machine, and the initial value of a sample time course curve is acquired in advance;
(2) Determining upper and lower limits of a standard time course curve: drawing a sample time curve group according to the initial value of the sample time curve, and further obtaining an upper envelope curve and a lower envelope curve which are respectively used as an upper limit of a standard time curve and a lower limit of the standard time curve and used as a sedimentation range value of an early warning program of an early warning system;
(3) Sedimentation monitoring: respectively arranging automatic acquisition systems at tunnel axis earth surface monitoring points with different distances in front of a cutterhead corresponding to a standard time course curve, and acquiring and monitoring sedimentation values of all monitoring points in front of the cutterhead in the shield pushing process;
(4) Judging working conditions of the shield machine: if the sedimentation values of the monitoring points at different distances in front of the cutterhead do not exceed the upper limit or the lower limit of the corresponding positions on the standard time course curve, the fine-tuned shield machine working condition is good, and the fine-tuned shield machine working condition can be used as a reference working condition for long-term propulsion;
(5) Automatic early warning: if the sedimentation values of monitoring points at different distances in front of the cutterhead exceed the upper limit or the lower limit of the corresponding positions on the standard time course curve, the abnormal working condition after fine adjustment is indicated, and the early warning system receives corresponding information and automatically issues early warning.
Preferably, the initial value of the time course curve of the pre-collected sample in the step (1) is specifically a settlement initial value of a plurality of monitoring points on the surface of the tunnel axis, which are in front of the cutterhead and have different distances, measured in advance.
Preferably, step (1) further divides the sample into five phases according to the slope variation range: the method can flexibly collect monitoring values of one, a plurality of or all corresponding stages in five stages as sample groups to obtain the upper limit of a standard time course curve and the lower limit of the standard time course curve.
Preferably, in the step (3), the automatic acquisition system is specifically arranged for a plurality of sets of the automatic acquisition system according to actual conditions, at least one set of the automatic acquisition system is arranged, the automatic acquisition system can flexibly move along the mileage of the tunnel gradually along with the pushing of the shield, and the earth surface in front of the shield cutterhead is always kept to be monitored.
Preferably, step (3) is followed by step (31): by monitoring the sedimentation values of the earth surface monitoring points in front of the shield cutter head in different time curve stages, as the shield machine is closer to the measuring points, real-time dynamic monitoring can be realized, and whether the working condition of the shield machine at the moment is reasonable can be reversely verified.
The beneficial effects are that: the automatic monitoring and early warning system has a simple structure and is convenient to arrange, and the sample time course curve is divided into five stages: the method comprises an advanced influence stage, a cutter head reaching pre-stage, a shield body passing stage, a shield tail falling post-stage and a long-term settlement stage, wherein an upper envelope curve and a lower envelope curve are respectively drawn through samples to serve as a standard time course curve upper limit and a standard time course curve lower limit, the upper envelope curve and the lower envelope curve are used as settlement range values of a PC end early warning program, an automatic acquisition system is respectively arranged at different positions of the cutter head corresponding to the standard time course curve from monitoring points, when the monitoring values received by the PC end early warning system exceed the standard time course curve upper limit or the standard time course curve lower limit, the early warning system automatically early warns, and the settlement values of ground surface monitoring points in different time course curve stages in front of the cutter head of a shield machine are monitored to reversely verify whether the working condition of the shield machine is reasonable or not, particularly when the working condition of the shield machine needs to be finely adjusted, so that the working condition of the shield machine can be found in advance and timely adjusted, and safety risks are prevented.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structural arrangement of a monitoring system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of phase division and sample processing;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of monitoring data transmission.
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions herein are for the purpose of explaining the present invention, but are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "comprises/comprising," "consists of … …," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product, apparatus, process, or method that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such product, apparatus, process, or method as desired. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising/including … …," "consisting of … …," and the like, does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a product, apparatus, process, or method that includes the element.
As shown in fig. 1 and referring to fig. 3, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, an automatic monitoring and early warning system for shield earth surface subsidence is provided, which is based on the following principle: a static level gauge 1 is respectively arranged above a tunnel axis which is being propelled and at the same level without being influenced by shield propulsion, and is respectively connected with an automatic collection box 2, so that the sedimentation values of monitoring points when shield cutterhead is at different distances from the monitoring points can be collected, the automatic collection box transmits data to a PC end through wireless transmission, and a time-course curve is drawn through a processing program on the PC.
In the invention, two static leveling instruments 1 are adopted as BGK-4675 static leveling instruments of Beijing-based Kango company and are both arranged on the ground surface.
In the invention, the two static leveling instruments 1 are connected through the upper connecting air pipe 3, the middle connecting air pipe 4 and the lower connecting water pipe 5, and the three pipes ensure that the internal water pressure and the internal air pressure of the two static leveling instruments are consistent, and ensure the balance of the water pressure and the air pressure.
In the invention, an automatic data recorder is integrated with an automatic acquisition electric box 2, and a BGK-DR automatic data recorder produced by Beijing-based kang is adopted to calculate a 32-channel BGK-M industrial CRO distributed network measurement system produced by Beijing-based kang.
The invention provides an automatic monitoring and early warning method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Sample collection: an automatic acquisition system is arranged in advance in the normal fluctuation working condition propulsion process of the shield machine, and the initial value of a sample time course curve is acquired in advance;
(2) Determining upper and lower limits of a standard time course curve: drawing a sample time curve group according to the initial value of the sample time curve, and further obtaining an upper envelope curve and a lower envelope curve which are respectively used as an upper limit of a standard time curve and a lower limit of the standard time curve and used as a sedimentation range value of an early warning program of an early warning system;
(3) Sedimentation monitoring: respectively arranging automatic acquisition systems at tunnel axis earth surface monitoring points with different distances in front of a cutterhead corresponding to a standard time course curve, and acquiring and monitoring sedimentation values of all monitoring points in front of the cutterhead in the shield pushing process;
(4) And (3) evaluating working conditions of the shield machine: if the sedimentation values of the monitoring points at different distances in front of the cutter head do not exceed the upper limit or the lower limit of the corresponding positions on the standard time course curve, the current shield machine working condition is good, and the current shield machine working condition can be used as a reference working condition for long-term propulsion;
(5) Automatic early warning: if the sedimentation values of monitoring points at different distances in front of the cutterhead exceed the upper limit or the lower limit of the corresponding positions on the standard time course curve, the current working condition is abnormal, the early warning system receives corresponding information, and early warning is automatically issued.
Referring specifically to fig. 2, sample collection and determination of upper and lower limits of standard time course curves:
the meaning of the time course curve is: in the shield pushing process, the earth surface measuring points in front of the shield push along with the shield, and the sedimentation value curves of the measuring points at different distances from the shield are called time-course curves.
Before the working condition of the shield machine is changed, an automatic acquisition system is arranged in advance under the condition that the working condition of the shield machine normally fluctuates, and sample time course curve initial values of a plurality of monitoring points at different distances from the cutter head are acquired and used as sedimentation range values of an early warning program of the early warning system.
The invention divides the sample into five stages according to the gradient change range: the advanced influencing stage, the cutter head reaching the pre-stage, the shield passing stage, the shield tail falling-out stage and the long-term sedimentation stage. Because the time course curve has a consistent rule, and the measured time course curve can be fluctuated in the range of two envelope curves by the fluctuation of the parameters of the shield machine, the upper envelope curve and the lower envelope curve are respectively used as the upper limit of the standard time course curve and the upper limit of the standard time course curve through sample drawing. According to the on-site objective requirement, the actual sample collection can flexibly collect monitoring values of one, a plurality of or all corresponding stages in five stages as sample groups, and obtain the upper limit of a standard time course curve and the lower limit of the standard time course curve as sedimentation range values of a PC end early warning program.
And the acquisition system is removed after the initial value is taken, and the initial value is rearranged to a position where the working condition of the shield machine needs to be monitored and adjusted.
The automatic acquisition systems are respectively arranged at the tunnel axis earth surface monitoring points with different distances in front of the cutterhead corresponding to the standard time course curve, a plurality of sets of tunnel axis earth surface monitoring points are specifically arranged and determined according to actual conditions, at least one set of tunnel axis earth surface monitoring points are arranged, the system can flexibly move along the tunnel mileage gradually along with the shield propulsion, and the earth surface in front of the shield cutterhead is always monitored.
In the shield process, the working condition of the shield machine needs to be finely adjusted in time according to the specific condition of the shield, and the early warning system can evaluate the finely adjusted working condition of the shield machine. If the sedimentation values of the monitoring points at different distances in front of the cutter head do not exceed the upper limit or the lower limit of the corresponding positions on the standard time course curve, the working condition of the current shield machine is described, namely, the fine-tuned shield machine works well and can be used as a reference working condition for long-term propulsion; if the sedimentation values of the monitoring points at different distances in front of the cutterhead exceed the upper limit or the lower limit of the corresponding positions on the standard time course curve, the working condition of the shield machine after fine adjustment is abnormal, and the early warning system receives corresponding information and automatically issues early warning. Meanwhile, the monitoring and early warning system can carry out monitoring and early warning again after fine tuning on the working condition again according to the overrun degree of the measured sedimentation value as the basis of the working condition which is fine-tuned again, and thus the circulation is promoted.
In the shield pushing process, as the shield is closer to the monitoring point, the same monitoring point is in different time curve stages along with different shield distances, and the upper limit and the lower limit of the early warning are changed along with the gradual approach of the shield to the monitoring point.
When the position of the monitoring value of the monitoring point in front of the cutterhead, which is received by the PC end early warning system, on the corresponding time course curve exceeds the upper limit of the standard time course curve or the lower limit of the standard time course curve, the PC end program automatically issues red early warning.
By monitoring the settlement values of the earth surface monitoring points in front of the shield cutter head in different time curve stages, as the shield machine is closer to the measuring points, real-time dynamic monitoring can be realized to reversely verify whether the working condition of the shield machine is reasonable at the moment, particularly when the working condition of the shield machine needs to be finely adjusted, the problems of the working condition of the shield machine can be found in advance and adjusted in time, and safety risks are prevented.
By now it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that while exemplary embodiments of the invention have been shown and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications which are in accordance with the principles of the invention may be directly ascertained or inferred from the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention should be understood and deemed to cover all such other variations or modifications.
Claims (9)
1. The shield tunnel earth surface subsidence automatic monitoring and early warning method adopting the shield tunnel earth surface subsidence automatic monitoring and early warning system is characterized in that the automatic monitoring and early warning system comprises an automatic acquisition system and an early warning system, wherein,
the automatic acquisition system includes:
i. two static leveling instruments, one of which is arranged at a monitoring point of the earth surface right above the axis of the tunnel being propelled, and the other of which is arranged at an earth surface monitoring point which is not influenced by the shield propulsion at the same level, wherein the static leveling instruments are used for sensing earth surface subsidence of the shield tunnel and generating corresponding electric signals;
the automatic collection electric box is connected with the two static level gauges respectively and used for collecting electric signals generated by the static level gauges;
the early warning system comprises a PC end, wherein the PC end can receive electric signal data transmitted by an automatic acquisition electric box through wireless transmission and can automatically early warn under preset conditions;
the automatic monitoring and early warning method comprises the following steps:
(1) Sample collection: an automatic acquisition system is arranged in advance in the normal fluctuation working condition propulsion process of the shield machine, and the initial value of a sample time course curve is acquired in advance;
(2) Determining upper and lower limits of a standard time course curve: drawing a sample time curve group according to the initial value of the sample time curve, and further obtaining an upper envelope curve and a lower envelope curve which are respectively used as an upper limit of a standard time curve and a lower limit of the standard time curve and used as a sedimentation range value of an early warning program of an early warning system;
(3) Sedimentation monitoring: respectively arranging automatic acquisition systems at tunnel axis earth surface monitoring points with different distances in front of a cutterhead corresponding to a standard time course curve, and acquiring and monitoring sedimentation values of all monitoring points in front of the cutterhead in the shield pushing process;
(4) And (3) evaluating working conditions of the shield machine: if the sedimentation values of the monitoring points at different distances in front of the cutter head do not exceed the upper limit or the lower limit of the corresponding positions on the standard time course curve, the current shield machine working condition is good, and the current shield machine working condition can be used as a reference working condition for long-term propulsion;
(5) Automatic early warning: if the sedimentation values of monitoring points at different distances in front of the cutterhead exceed the upper limit or the lower limit of the corresponding positions on the standard time course curve, the condition that the current shield machine works abnormally is indicated, and the early warning system receives corresponding information and automatically issues early warning.
2. The automatic monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two static force level gauges are connected through an upper connecting air pipe, a middle connecting air pipe and a lower connecting water pipe.
3. The automatic monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the PC end is provided with a data processing module, and the data processing module can draw a time course curve.
4. The automatic monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the PC end is provided with an early warning module, and the early warning module can automatically issue red early warning when the position settlement of the monitoring point in front of the cutterhead on the corresponding time course curve exceeds the upper limit and the lower limit.
5. The automatic monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that: an automatic data recorder is arranged in the automatic acquisition electric box.
6. The automatic monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1, wherein the initial value of the time course curve of the collected samples in step (1) is specifically a settlement initial value of a plurality of monitoring points on the surface of the tunnel axis in front of the cutter head, which are different in distance, measured in advance.
7. The automatic monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1, wherein the step (1) further divides the sample into five stages according to the slope variation range: the method can flexibly collect monitoring values of one, a plurality of or all corresponding stages in five stages as sample groups to obtain the upper limit of a standard time course curve and the lower limit of the standard time course curve.
8. The automatic monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the automatic acquisition system is specifically arranged for a plurality of sets of detection according to actual conditions, at least one set of detection is arranged, the system can flexibly move along the tunnel mileage gradually along with the shield propulsion, and the detection of the earth surface in front of the shield cutterhead is always kept.
9. The automatic monitoring and early warning method according to claim 1, wherein the step (3) is followed by the step (31): by monitoring the sedimentation values of the earth surface monitoring points in front of the shield cutter head in different time curve stages, as the shield machine is closer to the measuring points, real-time dynamic monitoring can be realized, and whether the working condition of the shield machine at the moment is reasonable can be reversely verified.
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| CN111706333B (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2022-01-04 | 上海市基础工程集团有限公司 | Early warning and measuring system and method applied to shield tunnel interval construction settlement |
| CN111890988B (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2021-12-07 | 广州小鹏汽车科技有限公司 | Battery thermal runaway detection method and device, battery management system and vehicle |
| CN113806843A (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-12-17 | 北京住总集团有限责任公司 | Deformation analysis system and method based on dynamic fluctuation of bottom of sedimentation tank |
| CN117889823A (en) * | 2024-03-11 | 2024-04-16 | 福建省高速公路科技创新研究院有限公司 | Transfer type monitoring method for vault settlement in tunnel operation period |
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