CN109322504B - Method for reinforcing kiln face of existing masonry hoop kiln - Google Patents
Method for reinforcing kiln face of existing masonry hoop kiln Download PDFInfo
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- CN109322504B CN109322504B CN201811232725.8A CN201811232725A CN109322504B CN 109322504 B CN109322504 B CN 109322504B CN 201811232725 A CN201811232725 A CN 201811232725A CN 109322504 B CN109322504 B CN 109322504B
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- E04G23/00—Working measures on existing buildings
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for reinforcing the kiln face of an existing masonry hoop kiln, which comprises the following steps: firstly, reinforcing a foundation outside a kiln face: reinforcing the foundation outside the brickwork kiln hoop kiln face to be reinforced to obtain a reinforced foundation; secondly, pouring a plain concrete cushion layer: pouring a plain concrete cushion layer on the foundation after reinforcement; thirdly, building a reinforced wall: building a reinforced wall on the plain concrete cushion layer from bottom to top; fourthly, shear key construction: constructing a plurality of shear keys on the upper part of the kiln face wall to be reinforced and the upper part of the reinforcing wall; fifthly, flat crown beam construction: and constructing a flat crown beam on the reinforced kiln face wall. The method has the advantages of simple steps, reasonable design, simple and convenient construction and good use effect, and can comprehensively and integrally reinforce the existing masonry hoop kiln face by adopting a mode of combining foundation reinforcement, wall reinforcement of a reinforcing wall and an upper flat crown beam, thereby effectively improving the stability of the kiln face.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cave reinforcement, and particularly relates to a method for reinforcing an existing masonry hoop kiln face.
Background
The cave is an ancient dwelling form of residents on loess plateau in northwest of China, and the history of the cave-type dwelling can be traced back to more than four thousand years ago. The earth space is utilized by the masses living in the plain rivers, dams, sources, platforms and plains on the loess plateau, and the cave is built by bricks and stones, adobes and yellow grass mud, which is called a kiln hoop, and the brick and stone kiln hoop refers to the cave formed by bricks and stones. The hoop kiln is generally provided with three or five holes in parallel, and has unique and attractive appearance, good lighting effect, and warmness in winter and coolness in summer. The exposed door faces of the cave openings of the hoop kiln are kiln faces, the supporting parts of the two cave openings which are intersected are kiln legs, and the kiln legs which are positioned at the leftmost side and the rightmost side of the hoop kiln are side kiln legs. The wall body on one side of the kiln face of the hoop kiln is a kiln face wall, and the kiln face wall is the wall body on the front side or the rear side of the hoop kiln. The hooping kiln is of a cubic structure, and a soil layer covered on the top of the hooping kiln is called a kiln top covering soil layer. The upper parts of the peripheral walls of the hoop kiln are all built with enclosing walls, the enclosing walls are positioned above the kiln top covering soil layer, and the kiln top covering soil layer is positioned in the peripheral walls. The surrounding enclosing walls in the masonry hooping kiln are all walls built by bricks and stones. For the brick and stone hooped kiln, as the kiln face of the kiln hole is empty, no effective support or restriction exists, and the interior of the kiln hole is filled with soil to have certain lateral thrust on bricks and stone kiln faces, the kiln faces are easy to be askew and flash or swell; in addition, when the foundation at the root of the kiln face is slightly settled, the brick and the stone kiln face are also subjected to skew flashing or inclined deformation to different degrees.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for reinforcing the existing brickwork hoop kiln face, which has the advantages of simple steps, reasonable design, simple and convenient construction and good use effect, and can effectively improve the stability of the kiln face by comprehensively and integrally reinforcing the existing brickwork hoop kiln face in a mode of combining foundation reinforcement, wall reinforcement of a reinforcing wall and an upper flat crown beam.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for reinforcing the kiln face of an existing masonry hoop kiln is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, reinforcing the foundation outside the kiln face: reinforcing the foundation outside the brickwork kiln hoop kiln face to be reinforced to obtain a reinforced foundation;
the reinforced foundation is positioned on the outer side of a kiln face wall to be reinforced, and the kiln face wall to be reinforced is a wall body which is positioned on one side of a kiln face in the masonry hoop kiln to be reinforced and the bottom of which is supported on the ground; the reinforced foundation is rectangular and is abutted against the foundation of the kiln face wall to be reinforced, the length of the reinforced foundation is the same as that of the kiln face wall to be reinforced, and the width of the reinforced foundation is 1-2 m;
step two, pouring a plain concrete cushion layer: pouring a plain concrete cushion layer on the foundation after the reinforcement in the step one;
the plain concrete cushion layer is rectangular and is positioned on the outer side of the kiln face wall to be reinforced, the inner side wall of the plain concrete cushion layer is abutted against the outer side wall of the bottom of the kiln face wall to be reinforced, the length of the plain concrete cushion layer is the same as that of the kiln face wall to be reinforced, the plain concrete cushion layer and the kiln face wall to be reinforced are arranged in parallel, and the front end surface of the plain concrete cushion layer is flush with the front end surface of the kiln face wall to be reinforced;
step three, building a reinforced wall: building a reinforced wall on the plain concrete cushion layer from bottom to top in the second step;
the reinforcing wall is positioned on the outer side of the kiln face wall to be reinforced, the inner side wall of the reinforcing wall is abutted against the outer side wall of the kiln face wall to be reinforced, the cross section of the reinforcing wall is in a right trapezoid shape, and the thickness of the reinforcing wall is gradually reduced from bottom to top; the bottom and the top of the reinforcing wall are rectangular, the length of the reinforcing wall is the same as that of the kiln face wall to be reinforced, the height of the reinforcing wall is the same as that of the kiln face wall to be reinforced, the top surface of the reinforcing wall is flush with that of the kiln face wall to be reinforced, and the reinforcing wall and the kiln face wall to be reinforced form a reinforced kiln face wall;
the bottom thickness D1 of the reinforcing wall is not less than 50cm, the top thickness D2 of the reinforcing wall is not less than 30cm, and the included angle between the outer side wall of the reinforcing wall and the horizontal plane is not more than 80 degrees; in the second step, the width of the plain concrete cushion layer is not less than the bottom thickness D1 of the reinforced wall;
step four, shear key construction: constructing a plurality of shear keys on the upper part of the kiln face wall to be reinforced and the upper part of the reinforced wall in the third step;
step five, flat crown beam construction: constructing a flat crown beam on the reinforced kiln face wall, wherein the flat crown beam is a cast-in-place reinforced concrete beam which is horizontally arranged;
flat crown's length with the length of kiln face wall is the same and its cross section is the rectangle after consolidating, flat crown's width with kiln face wall's upper portion thickness is the same after consolidating, flat crown with consolidate between the kiln face wall through a plurality of shear key fastening connection is as an organic whole.
The method for reinforcing the kiln face of the existing masonry hoop kiln is characterized by comprising the following steps: when the foundation outside the kiln face of the masonry hoop kiln to be reinforced is reinforced in the step one, reinforcing piles are adopted for reinforcement;
the reinforced piles are lime piles, and the reinforced foundation is a composite foundation reinforced by adopting a plurality of lime piles; the lime piles are arranged in a quincunx shape, the distance between every two adjacent lime piles is 1.2-1.6 m, and the pile diameter of each lime pile is phi 8-phi 12 cm; the length of the lime pile is not less than 1.5 m;
adopt the reinforcement stake to treat the ground of consolidating the brickwork hoop kiln face outside and consolidate the back, still need treat the ground of consolidating the brickwork hoop kiln face outside and tamp, obtain the compaction coefficient and be not less than 0.97 consolidate back ground.
The method for reinforcing the kiln face of the existing masonry hoop kiln is characterized by comprising the following steps: and in the second step, the thickness of the plain concrete cushion layer is 8-12 cm.
The method for reinforcing the kiln face of the existing masonry hoop kiln is characterized by comprising the following steps: after the reinforcing wall is built in the third step, a plurality of horizontal tie bars are arranged between the top of the reinforcing wall and the top of the kiln face wall to be reinforced, the plurality of horizontal tie bars are horizontally arranged and are arranged along the thickness direction of the kiln face wall to be reinforced, and the plurality of horizontal tie bars are uniformly arranged on the same horizontal plane; and the top of the reinforcing wall and the top of the kiln face wall to be reinforced are fixedly connected into a whole through a plurality of horizontal tie bars.
The method for reinforcing the kiln face of the existing masonry hoop kiln is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the third step, the reinforcing wall and the kiln face wall to be reinforced are both built by building blocks, and the building blocks used by the reinforcing wall and the kiln face wall to be reinforced are both bricks or stones;
the joint between the reinforcing wall and the kiln face wall to be reinforced is constructed by skin-biting joints of the building blocks.
The method for reinforcing the kiln face of the existing masonry hoop kiln is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step one, the kiln face wall to be reinforced is a kiln face of a masonry hoop kiln, and the masonry hoop kiln is a cubic hoop kiln;
treat to consolidate the kiln face wall for being located masonry hoop kiln front side just supports in subaerial wall body.
The method for reinforcing the kiln face of the existing masonry hoop kiln is characterized by comprising the following steps: and fifthly, building a front enclosing wall on the flat crown beam after the flat crown beam is constructed.
The method for reinforcing the kiln face of the existing masonry hoop kiln is characterized by comprising the following steps: when the shear key construction is carried out in the fourth step, a plurality of vertical holes are formed in the upper part of the kiln face wall to be reinforced and the upper part of the reinforcing wall in the third step; a vertical tie bar is inserted into each vertical hole, the lower part of each vertical tie bar is inserted into the corresponding vertical hole, and the upper part of each vertical tie bar is poured into the corresponding flat crown beam;
all vertical holes formed in the reinforced kiln face wall are distributed in multiple rows and multiple columns, concrete is poured into each vertical hole, and vertical shear keys are formed by the concrete and vertical tie bars inserted into the vertical holes; the flat crown beam and the reinforced rear kiln face wall are fixedly connected through a plurality of vertical shear keys.
The method for reinforcing the kiln face of the existing masonry hoop kiln is characterized by comprising the following steps: the vertical holes are cubic holes, the depth of each cubic hole is 8-12 cm, the cross section of each cubic hole is square, and the side length of each cubic hole is 7-9 cm;
consolidate the multirow of seting up on the back kiln face wall cube hole is laid from left to right along the thickness direction of waiting to consolidate the kiln face wall, adjacent two rows interval between the cube hole is 8cm ~ 12cm, every row the cube hole all includes that a plurality of length direction along waiting to consolidate the kiln face wall is laid by preceding to back cube hole, every row adjacent two around in the cube hole interval between the cube hole is 40cm ~ 60 cm.
The method for reinforcing the kiln face of the existing masonry hoop kiln is characterized by comprising the following steps: and fifthly, arranging a surface layer reinforcing mesh on the inner side of the upper part of the flat crown beam, wherein the height of the beam body of the flat crown beam is 15-20 cm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the method has the advantages of simple steps, reasonable design, convenient implementation, low input construction cost and less adopted construction equipment.
2. The construction is simple and convenient, and construction cycle is short, the efficiency of construction is high, mainly include kiln face outside ground reinforcement, plain concrete bed course pour, reinforcement wall masonry, shear key construction and flat crown beam construction five steps, just can reach and carry out reinforced (rfd) purpose to existing hoop kiln face, the kiln face stability after reinforcing is good and with low costs.
3. The adopted reinforcing structure is simple and reasonable in design, the input cost is lower, the construction is simple and convenient, labor and time are saved, the foundation is reinforced, the reinforcing wall is reinforced in a mode of combining with the upper flat crown beam, the kiln face is arranged below the reinforcing wall, the middle part and the upper part of the reinforcing wall are integrally reinforced, the reinforced foundation provides a stable foundation, the reinforcing wall and the wall of the kiln face wall to be reinforced form a whole, the upper flat crown beam restrains and limits the reinforced kiln face wall, the reinforced kiln face is stable, effective supporting and restraining are realized, the impact-resistant lateral thrust capacity of the brick-stone kiln face is effectively improved, and meanwhile, the problems that bricks are caused by slight settlement of the foundation at the root of the kiln face, the stone-stone kiln face is inclined, flashing or inclined and deformed and the like can be avoided.
4. The popularization and application prospect is wide, the brick and stone kiln hoop face can be simply, conveniently and quickly reinforced, the investment cost is low, and the brick and stone kiln hoop face is economical and practical.
In conclusion, the method has the advantages of simple steps, reasonable design, simple and convenient construction and good use effect, and can be used for comprehensively and integrally reinforcing the existing masonry hoop kiln face by combining foundation reinforcement, wall reinforcement of the reinforcing wall and the upper flat crown beam, thereby effectively improving the stability of the kiln face.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the process flow of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement position of the kiln face wall to be reinforced according to the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a reinforcing state when a kiln face wall to be reinforced is reinforced in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a reinforcing state when a kiln face wall to be reinforced is reinforced according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a kiln face wall to be reinforced; 2-plain concrete cushion; 3, reinforcing walls;
4-flat crown beam; 5, vertical tie bars; 6, a cubic hoop kiln;
7-front side wall.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The method for reinforcing the existing masonry hoop kiln face as shown in figure 1 comprises the following steps:
step one, reinforcing the foundation outside the kiln face: reinforcing the foundation outside the brickwork kiln hoop kiln face to be reinforced to obtain a reinforced foundation;
the reinforced foundation is positioned outside a kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced, the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced is a wall body which is positioned on one side of a kiln face in a masonry hoop kiln to be reinforced and the bottom of the wall body is supported on the ground, and the detailed view is shown in fig. 2; the reinforced foundation is rectangular and is abutted against the foundation of the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced, the length of the reinforced foundation is the same as that of the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced, and the width of the reinforced foundation is 1-2 m;
step two, pouring a plain concrete cushion layer: pouring a plain concrete cushion layer 2 on the foundation after the reinforcement in the step one;
the plain concrete cushion layer 2 is rectangular and is positioned on the outer side of the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced, the inner side wall of the plain concrete cushion layer 2 is abutted against the outer side wall of the bottom of the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced, the length of the plain concrete cushion layer 2 is the same as that of the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced, the plain concrete cushion layer 2 and the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced are arranged in parallel, and the front end face of the plain concrete cushion layer 2 is flush with the front end face of the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced;
step three, building a reinforced wall: building a reinforced wall 3 on the plain concrete cushion layer 2 from bottom to top in the step two;
the reinforcing wall 3 is positioned on the outer side of the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced, the inner side wall of the reinforcing wall is abutted against the outer side wall of the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced, the cross section of the reinforcing wall 3 is in a right trapezoid shape, and the thickness of the reinforcing wall is gradually reduced from bottom to top; the bottom and the top of the reinforcing wall 3 are rectangular, the front side wall and the rear side wall of the reinforcing wall 3 are vertically arranged, the length of the reinforcing wall 3 is the same as that of the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced, the height of the reinforcing wall and the height of the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced are the same, and the top surface of the reinforcing wall 3 is flush with that of the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced and forms a reinforced rear kiln face wall;
the bottom thickness D1 of the reinforcing wall 3 is not less than 50cm, the top thickness D2 of the reinforcing wall is not less than 30cm, and the included angle between the outer side wall of the reinforcing wall 3 and the horizontal plane is not more than 80 degrees; in the second step, the width of the plain concrete cushion layer 2 is not less than the bottom thickness D1 of the reinforced wall 3;
step four, shear key construction: constructing a plurality of shear keys on the upper part of the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced and the upper part of the reinforcing wall 3 in the third step;
step five, flat crown beam construction: constructing a flat crown beam 4 on the reinforced kiln face wall, wherein the flat crown beam 4 is a cast-in-place reinforced concrete beam which is horizontally arranged;
flat crown beam 4's length with consolidate the same and its cross section of back kiln face wall length be the rectangle, flat crown beam 4's width with consolidate the upper portion thickness of back kiln face wall the same, flat crown beam 4 with consolidate between the back kiln face wall through a plurality of shear key fastening connection is as an organic whole.
In this embodiment, the width of the reinforced foundation is 1.5 m. Therefore, the foundation reinforcement is performed within the width range of 1.5m outside the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, in the step one, the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced is a kiln face of a masonry hoop kiln, and the masonry hoop kiln is a cubic hoop kiln 6;
treat to consolidate kiln face wall 1 is for being located masonry hoop kiln front side just supports in subaerial wall body. Thus, the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced is a cubic wall.
During actual construction, when the foundation outside the masonry hoop kiln face to be reinforced is reinforced in the step one, reinforcing piles are adopted for reinforcement.
When the foundation outside the masonry hoop kiln face to be reinforced is reinforced, the foundation is reinforced according to a conventional foundation reinforcing method.
In this embodiment, the reinforcing piles are lime piles.
During actual construction, the reinforcing piles can also adopt sand piles, gravel piles, coal cinder lime piles, internal rammed earth piles, CFG piles and the like.
The lime pile is a conventional lime pile for reinforcing a foundation, and is a pile column body formed by pouring quicklime blocks (or adding a proper amount of hydraulic admixture such as fly ash, volcanic ash and the like into the quicklime blocks) after holes are formed in the foundation manually or mechanically and compacting by vibration or compaction.
After the lime pile is adopted to reinforce the foundation outside the masonry hooping kiln face in the step one, the method has the following effects: firstly, the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced can be further reinforced, and the foundation of the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced is reinforced under the condition that the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced is not dismantled, so that the stability of the original foundation of the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced is improved, and the deformation resistance of the original foundation of the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced is further improved; secondly, the reinforced foundation has good reinforcing effect and can effectively ensure the stability of the foundation, thereby improving the problem of skew flash or inclined deformation of bricks and stone kiln faces caused by foundation settlement; thirdly, a stable foundation is provided for the reinforcing wall 3, and the overall stability and the deformation resistance of the reinforced kiln face wall are further improved; fourthly, the position, the depth, the length and the width of the reinforced foundation are respectively limited, so that the reinforced area of the foundation can be accurately limited, the operability is strong, and the reinforced area is clear.
In this embodiment, the ground is the compound ground that adopts many lime piles to consolidate after the reinforcement.
The lime piles are arranged in a quincunx shape, the distance between every two adjacent lime piles is 1.2-1.6 m, and the pile diameter of each lime pile is phi 8-phi 12 cm; the length of the lime pile is not less than 1.5 m.
In this embodiment, the distance between two adjacent lime piles is 1.5m, and the diameter of each lime pile is phi 10 cm. During actual construction, the distance between two adjacent lime piles and the pile diameter of the lime piles can be correspondingly adjusted according to specific requirements.
Adopt lime stake consolidate the back, can effectively improve the bearing capacity of ground after the reinforcement reduces and avoids the adverse effect that the ground subsides and cause even.
In this embodiment, adopt the reinforcement stake to treat the ground in the reinforcement masonry hoop kiln face outside and consolidate the back, still need treat the ground in the reinforcement masonry hoop kiln face outside and tamp, obtain the compaction coefficient and be not less than 0.97 ground after the reinforcement. Therefore, the foundation stabilization effect can be further ensured, and the adverse effect caused by foundation settlement is further reduced or even avoided.
The compaction factor, also known as the degree of compaction or degree of compaction, refers to the ratio of the dry density of soil or other road material (e.g., lime soil, etc.) after compaction to the standard maximum dry density, and is a ratio, which may also be expressed as a percentage. Wherein, the dry density of the soil or other road building materials (such as lime soil and the like) after compaction refers to the dry density actually achieved by compaction, and the standard maximum dry density refers to the maximum dry density of the sample obtained by the compaction test.
And in the second step, the thickness of the plain concrete cushion layer 2 is 8-12 cm.
During actual construction, treat to consolidate 1 bottoms of kiln face wall and laid the concrete cushion, plain concrete cushion 2 with the concrete cushion is connected as an organic whole and the top surface of the two looks parallel and level.
In this embodiment, when the plain concrete cushion layer 2 is poured, the pouring is performed from the bottom of the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced to the outside, and the thickness of the plain concrete cushion layer 2 is 10 cm. During actual construction, the thickness of the plain concrete cushion layer 2 can be adjusted correspondingly according to specific requirements.
After the plain concrete cushion layer 2 is poured, the integrity of a foundation below the reinforced wall 3 can be effectively ensured, the lime piles and the plain concrete cushion layer 2 are fixedly connected into a whole, the connection strength of the reinforced wall 3 and the reinforced foundation can be effectively improved, the integrity of the bottom of the reinforced wall 3 can be ensured, and the deformation resistance of the bottom of the reinforced wall 3 is further improved. The plain concrete cushion layer 2 is a structure made of concrete without ribs or stress reinforcing steel bars.
In the embodiment, after the reinforcing wall is built in the third step, a plurality of horizontal tie bars are arranged between the top of the reinforcing wall 3 and the top of the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced, the plurality of horizontal tie bars are horizontally arranged and are arranged along the thickness direction of the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced, and the plurality of horizontal tie bars are uniformly arranged on the same horizontal plane; and the top of the reinforcing wall 3 and the top of the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced are fixedly connected into a whole through a plurality of horizontal tie bars.
The plurality of horizontal tie bars are uniformly distributed, and the distance between every two adjacent horizontal tie bars is 40-60 cm.
In this embodiment, the distance between two adjacent horizontal tie bars is 50 cm.
During actual construction, the distance between two adjacent horizontal tie bars can be correspondingly adjusted according to specific requirements.
In the embodiment in the market, in the third step, the reinforcing wall 3 and the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced are both built by building blocks, and the reinforcing wall 3 and the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced are both made of bricks or stones;
the joint between the reinforcing wall 3 and the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced is constructed by skin-biting combats through building blocks. Therefore, the connection strength between the reinforcing wall 3 and the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced and the integrity of the formed reinforced rear kiln face wall can be effectively ensured, and the deformation resistance of the reinforced rear kiln face wall is further improved.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the reinforcing wall 3 and the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced are made of bricks.
The cubic hoop kiln 6 is a brick hoop kiln.
And the reinforcing wall 3 and the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced form the reinforced rear kiln face wall. The reinforcing wall 3 is of a wall structure with a thick bottom and a relatively thin top, so that on one hand, the wall of the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced can be effectively reinforced, and can be fixedly connected with the wall of the reinforcing kiln face wall 1 into a whole; on the other hand, the wall body of the reinforcing wall 3 has high stability and is connected with the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced into a whole and stressed integrally; meanwhile, the top of the reinforcing wall 3 is relatively thin, so that the reinforcing wall and the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced can be conveniently, quickly and tightly connected, and meanwhile, after the deformation of the thin upper area is transited from top to bottom to the thick bottom area, the deformation degree of the wall body can be effectively reduced, and the deformation resistance is further improved.
In this embodiment, after the flat crown beam construction in the fifth step is completed, a front fence needs to be built on the flat crown beam 4.
Like this, consolidate back kiln face wall top and connect as an organic wholely through flat crown beam 4, further improve consolidate the wholeness of back kiln face wall, ensure consolidate the result of use of back kiln face wall. And, the use of flat crown beams 4 does not increase the load of the reinforced kiln face wall. And the front enclosing wall 4 is a masonry wall vertically arranged.
Meanwhile, after the flat crown beam 4 builds the front enclosing wall, the stress balance and the overall stability of the reinforced rear kiln face wall can be further improved. The front wall is usually used for hanging flower baskets and is therefore also referred to as a basket wall. The front enclosing wall can protect the flat crown beam 4 while improving the integrity and the connection strength of the flat crown beam 4, and further improves the durability of the flat crown beam 4.
In the embodiment, when the shear key construction is carried out in the fourth step, a plurality of vertical holes are formed in the upper part of the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced and the upper part of the reinforcing wall 3 in the third step; a vertical tie bar 5 is inserted into each vertical hole, the lower part of each vertical tie bar 5 is inserted into each vertical hole, and the upper part of each vertical tie bar 5 is poured into the flat crown beam 4;
all vertical holes formed in the reinforced kiln face wall are distributed in multiple rows and multiple columns, concrete is poured into each vertical hole, and vertical shear keys are formed by the concrete and vertical tie bars 5 inserted into the vertical holes; the flat crown beam 4 is fixedly connected with the reinforced rear kiln face wall through a plurality of vertical shear keys.
In order to further improve the shearing resistance effect, the vertical holes are cubic holes, the depth of each cubic hole is 8-12 cm, the cross section of each cubic hole is square, and the side length of each cubic hole is 7-9 cm;
consolidate the multirow of seting up on the back kiln face wall cube hole is laid from left to right along the thickness direction of treating to consolidate kiln face wall 1, adjacent two rows interval between the cube hole is 8cm ~ 12cm, every row the cube hole all includes that a plurality of edges are laid by preceding to back along the length direction of treating to consolidate kiln face wall 1 the cube hole is every row adjacent two around in the cube hole interval between the cube hole is 40cm ~ 60 cm.
In this embodiment, the depth of the cubic hole is 10cm, the cross section of the cubic hole is square, and the side length of the cubic hole is 10 cm. During actual construction, the depth of the cubic hole and the side length of the cross section of the cubic hole can be correspondingly adjusted according to specific requirements.
In this embodiment, the distance between two adjacent rows of the cube holes is 10cm, and the distance between two adjacent front and back cube holes in each row of the cube holes is 50 cm. During actual construction, the distance between two adjacent rows of cube holes and the distance between two adjacent front and back cube holes in each row of cube holes can be correspondingly adjusted according to specific requirements.
Adopt the cube hole can effectively improve shear key's radial firm nature, make the concrete shear key of pouring in the cube hole radial displacement can not appear, further improve shear effect through vertical lacing wire 5 again simultaneously, therefore above-mentioned vertical shear key has good shear effect, can effectively improve consolidate the connection reliability and the joint strength between back kiln face wall and the flat crown beam 4, make consolidate back kiln face wall and flat crown beam 4 can the fastening connection be as an organic whole, common atress.
And fifthly, a surface layer reinforcing mesh is arranged on the inner side of the upper part of the flat crown beam 4, and the height of the beam body of the flat crown beam 4 is 15-20 cm. In this embodiment, the diameter of the steel bar of the surface steel bar mesh is phi 8mm and the arrangement interval is 200 mm.
In this embodiment, the height of the flat crown beam 4 is 18 cm. During actual construction, the height of the beam body of the flat crown beam 4 can be correspondingly adjusted according to specific requirements.
And fifthly, when the flat crown beam 4 is poured, the poured concrete is impervious concrete. Thus, the durability and the use effect of the flat crown beam 4 can be further improved. The impervious concrete has an impermeability rating of P8.
In this embodiment, all walls around the cube hoop kiln 6 are vertically to laying and it is including being located the front side wall 7 of cube hoop kiln 6 front side, being located behind the front side wall 7 and with the front side wall 7 is the parallel rear side wall of laying and connect respectively in the front side wall 7 with left side wall and right side wall between the rear side wall left and right sides, the left side wall with the right side wall is parallel laying and the two all with the front side wall 7 is the perpendicular laying.
The exposed door face of the cave opening of the hoop kiln is a kiln face, and the front side of the cubic hoop kiln 6 is the kiln face. In actual use, the front side and the rear side of the cubic hoop kiln 6 can be both kiln faces. Thus, the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced is a wall supported on the ground among the front side wall 7 or the rear side wall.
In this embodiment, the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced is a part of the front side wall 7 supported on the ground. The front side wall body 7 is divided into two wall bodies of a kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced and a non-reinforced wall body, and the wall bodies except the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced in the front side wall body 7 are the non-reinforced wall body.
When the flat crown beam 4 is poured in the fifth step, the flat beam is further poured on the upper portions of the other walls except the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced in the front side wall body 7, the upper surface of the flat beam is flush with the upper surface of the flat crown beam 4, the width of the flat beam is the same as the thickness of the front side wall body 7, the flat crown beam 4 poured on the front side wall body 7 and the flat beam are both poured into a whole to form a cast-in-place crown beam, the cast-in-place crown beam is a reinforced concrete beam, the flat crown beam 4 and a reinforcement cage side wall in the flat beam are fixedly connected into a whole, and the length of the cast-in-place crown beam is the same as the length of the front side wall body 7.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, unlike embodiment 1: the reinforcing wall 3 and the kiln face wall 1 to be reinforced are made of stones;
the cubic hoop kiln 6 is a stone hoop kiln.
In this example, the remaining process steps were the same as in example 1.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for reinforcing the kiln face of an existing masonry hoop kiln is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, reinforcing the foundation outside the kiln face: reinforcing the foundation outside the brickwork kiln hoop kiln face to be reinforced to obtain a reinforced foundation;
the reinforced foundation is positioned on the outer side of a kiln face wall (1) to be reinforced, and the kiln face wall (1) to be reinforced is a wall body which is positioned on one side of a kiln face in a masonry hoop kiln to be reinforced and the bottom of which is supported on the ground; the reinforced foundation is rectangular and is abutted against the foundation of the kiln face wall (1) to be reinforced, the length of the reinforced foundation is the same as that of the kiln face wall (1) to be reinforced, and the width of the reinforced foundation is 1-2 m;
step two, pouring a plain concrete cushion layer: pouring a plain concrete cushion layer (2) on the foundation after the reinforcement in the step one;
the plain concrete cushion layer (2) is rectangular and is positioned on the outer side of the kiln face wall (1) to be reinforced, the inner side wall of the plain concrete cushion layer (2) is abutted against the outer side wall of the bottom of the kiln face wall (1) to be reinforced, the length of the plain concrete cushion layer (2) is the same as that of the kiln face wall (1) to be reinforced, the plain concrete cushion layer (2) and the kiln face wall (1) to be reinforced are arranged in parallel, and the front end face of the plain concrete cushion layer (2) is flush with the front end face of the kiln face wall (1) to be reinforced;
step three, building a reinforced wall: building a reinforced wall (3) on the plain concrete cushion (2) from bottom to top in the second step;
the reinforcing wall (3) is positioned on the outer side of the kiln face wall (1) to be reinforced, the inner side wall of the reinforcing wall is abutted against the outer side wall of the kiln face wall (1) to be reinforced, the vertical section of the reinforcing wall (3) is in a right trapezoid shape, and the thickness of the reinforcing wall is gradually reduced from bottom to top; the bottom and the top of the reinforcing wall (3) are rectangular, the length of the reinforcing wall (3) is the same as that of the kiln face wall (1) to be reinforced, the height of the reinforcing wall and the kiln face wall is the same, the top surface of the reinforcing wall (3) is flush with that of the kiln face wall (1) to be reinforced, and the reinforcing wall and the kiln face wall form a reinforced rear kiln face wall;
the bottom thickness D1 of the reinforcing wall (3) is not less than 50cm, the top thickness D2 of the reinforcing wall is not less than 30cm, and the included angle between the outer side wall of the reinforcing wall (3) and the horizontal plane is not more than 80 degrees; in the second step, the width of the plain concrete cushion layer (2) is not less than the bottom thickness D1 of the reinforced wall (3);
step four, shear key construction: constructing a plurality of shear keys on the upper part of the kiln face wall (1) to be reinforced and the upper part of the reinforcing wall (3) in the third step;
step five, flat crown beam construction: constructing a flat crown beam (4) on the reinforced kiln face wall, wherein the flat crown beam (4) is a cast-in-place reinforced concrete beam which is horizontally arranged;
flat crown beam's (4) length with consolidate the same and its cross section of back kiln face wall for the rectangle, flat crown beam's (4) width with consolidate the same upper portion thickness of back kiln face wall, flat crown beam (4) with consolidate and pass through a plurality ofly between the back kiln face wall shear key fastening connection is as an organic whole.
2. A method of reinforcing an existing masonry hoop kiln face as defined in claim 1, wherein: when the foundation outside the kiln face of the masonry hoop kiln to be reinforced is reinforced in the step one, reinforcing piles are adopted for reinforcement;
the reinforced piles are lime piles, and the reinforced foundation is a composite foundation reinforced by adopting a plurality of lime piles; the lime piles are arranged in a quincunx shape, the distance between every two adjacent lime piles is 1.2-1.6 m, and the pile diameter of each lime pile is phi 8-phi 12 cm; the length of the lime pile is not less than 1.5 m;
adopt the reinforcement stake to treat the ground of consolidating the brickwork hoop kiln face outside and consolidate the back, still need treat the ground of consolidating the brickwork hoop kiln face outside and tamp, obtain the compaction coefficient and be not less than 0.97 consolidate back ground.
3. A method of reinforcing an existing masonry hoop kiln face as defined in claim 1 or 2, wherein: and in the second step, the thickness of the plain concrete cushion layer (2) is 8-12 cm.
4. A method of reinforcing an existing masonry hoop kiln face as defined in claim 1 or 2, wherein: after the reinforcing wall is built in the third step, a plurality of horizontal tie bars are arranged between the top of the reinforcing wall (3) and the top of the kiln face wall (1) to be reinforced, the plurality of horizontal tie bars are horizontally arranged and are arranged along the thickness direction of the kiln face wall (1) to be reinforced, and the plurality of horizontal tie bars are uniformly arranged on the same horizontal plane; the top of the reinforcing wall (3) and the top of the kiln face wall (1) to be reinforced are fixedly connected into a whole through a plurality of horizontal tie bars.
5. A method of reinforcing an existing masonry hoop kiln face as defined in claim 1 or 2, wherein: in the third step, the reinforcing wall (3) and the kiln face wall (1) to be reinforced are both built by building blocks, and the reinforcing wall (3) and the kiln face wall (1) to be reinforced are both made of bricks or stones;
the joint between the reinforcing wall (3) and the kiln face wall (1) to be reinforced is constructed by skin-biting combats.
6. A method of reinforcing an existing masonry hoop kiln face as defined in claim 1 or 2, wherein: in the step one, the kiln face wall (1) to be reinforced is a kiln face of a masonry hoop kiln, and the masonry hoop kiln is a cubic hoop kiln (6);
treat to consolidate kiln face wall (1) for being located masonry hoop kiln front side just supports in subaerial wall body.
7. A method of reinforcing an existing masonry hoop kiln face as defined in claim 6, wherein: and in the fifth step, after the flat crown beam construction is finished, a front enclosing wall needs to be built on the flat crown beam (4).
8. A method of reinforcing an existing masonry hoop kiln face as defined in claim 1 or 2, wherein: when the shear key construction is carried out in the fourth step, a plurality of vertical holes are formed in the upper part of the kiln face wall (1) to be reinforced and the upper part of the reinforcing wall (3) in the third step; a vertical tie bar (5) is inserted into each vertical hole, the lower part of each vertical tie bar (5) is inserted into each vertical hole, and the upper part of each vertical tie bar is poured into the flat crown beam (4);
all vertical holes formed in the reinforced kiln face wall are distributed in multiple rows and multiple columns, concrete is poured into each vertical hole, and vertical shear keys are formed by the concrete and vertical tie bars (5) inserted into the vertical holes; the flat crown beam (4) is fixedly connected with the reinforced rear kiln face wall through a plurality of vertical shear keys.
9. A method of reinforcing an existing masonry hoop kiln face as defined in claim 8, wherein: the vertical holes are cubic holes, the depth of each cubic hole is 8-12 cm, the cross section of each cubic hole is square, and the side length of each cubic hole is 7-9 cm;
consolidate the multirow of seting up on the back kiln face wall cube hole is laid along the thickness direction from left to right of waiting to consolidate kiln face wall (1), adjacent two rows interval between the cube hole is 8cm ~ 12cm, every row the cube hole all includes that a plurality of edges are laid by preceding to back along the length direction of waiting to consolidate kiln face wall (1) cube hole, every row adjacent two around in the cube hole interval between the cube hole is 40cm ~ 60 cm.
10. A method of reinforcing an existing masonry hoop kiln face as defined in claim 1 or 2, wherein: and fifthly, a surface layer reinforcing mesh is arranged on the inner side of the upper part of the flat crown beam (4), and the height of the beam body of the flat crown beam (4) is 15-20 cm.
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| CN201811232725.8A CN109322504B (en) | 2018-10-23 | 2018-10-23 | Method for reinforcing kiln face of existing masonry hoop kiln |
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| CN205875784U (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2017-01-11 | 陕西省建筑科学研究院 | Novel consolidate cave dwelling device |
| CN207419688U (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-05-29 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Assembled cave dwelling |
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| JPH0978991A (en) * | 1995-09-08 | 1997-03-25 | Taiyo Tekko Kk | Connecting bolt receiving space forming means |
| CN104895346A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-09-09 | 郑州大学 | Reinforcing system for preventing local soil mass collapse of vault of earth-sheltered dwelling and construction process thereof |
| CN205036385U (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2016-02-17 | 郑州大学 | Immature soil kiln occupies wood arch rib reinforcerment system |
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