CN109315202A - The upper preservation method of pomegranate branch - Google Patents
The upper preservation method of pomegranate branch Download PDFInfo
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- CN109315202A CN109315202A CN201811115659.6A CN201811115659A CN109315202A CN 109315202 A CN109315202 A CN 109315202A CN 201811115659 A CN201811115659 A CN 201811115659A CN 109315202 A CN109315202 A CN 109315202A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0237—Devices for protecting a specific part of a plant, e.g. roots, trunk or fruits
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/04—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of upper preservation methods of pomegranate branch, this method uses urea liquid that tree body is made to fall leaves first, then fruit is sterilized, spray calcium preparation, after picking season, plant growth regulator and zeatin solution are sprayed on pomegranate carpopodium, improve the freshness of pomegranate, keep granatum more bright and clean fresh, avoid fruit inside and external brown stain, time of the fruit in tree body is extended on the whole, delay the picking of fruit, both fruit was enable more fully to absorb trunk infusion, it can guarantee the flavor of the fresh and fruit of pericarp again, decay after delaying picking fruit, to extend the storage life of fruit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of upper preservation methods of pomegranate branch, belong to fruit freshness preserving technical field.
Background technique
Pomegranate, deciduous tree or shrub；Dan Ye, usually to raw or fasciation, no stipule.Flower basidixed or nearly basidixed, Dan Shenghuo
Several fasciations or composition cyme, nearly bell, sliver 5-9, petal 5-9, more gauffers, imbricate arrangement；Ovule is most.Berry
Spherical shape, top harbor calyx lobes, and pericarp is thick；Seed is most, and berry is subsphaeroidal, the fruit mature period 9-10 month.Exosper meat half
It is transparent, succulence；Endotesta keratin.
Pomegranate fruit pericarp thickness is tough, energy external force resistance, compared with storage tolerance.Indoors the mode of outer simple storage pomegranate have extension hiding,
Mound storage, cylinder, canning, bag hiding.
(1) it hangs hiding: for hanging the fruit of hiding, staying one section of carpopodium in harvesting, with cord bondage bunchiness, hang on shady and cool room
In room；Or with newspaper, plastic film packet fruit, hangs over epidemic disaster and change small interior, can store to around the Spring Festival.This method needs
Shift to an earlier date half a month harvesting pomegranate, overdone pomegranate hangs hiding and easily occurs to rot；Harvest in advance is not filled due to fruit inner part substance
Divide conversion, influences the mouthfeel of pomegranate；
(2) mound storage: the shady and cool empty house of selection ventilation cleans up, appropriate to sprinkle water, to keep indoor cleaning wet, so
It spreads the straw (or fresh Pineneedles of Pinus Massoniana Lamb) of 5-6 cm thicks on the ground afterwards, is all covered by one layer of pomegranate, one layer of pine needle thereon.
Storage period checked once every turning in 15-20 days, rejects decayed fruit and simultaneously replaces a pine needle.This mound storage side of resistance to storage kind
Method can store to four May of next year.But before this method fruit mound storage, pericarp is cleaned with clear water, is pre-chilled, frequent turning is needed to examine
It looks into, fresh-keeping program is cumbersome；
(3) cylinder, canning: rinsing altar tank containers well, thick then in the wet sand of its bottom layer overlay aqueous 5%
5-6 centimetres, a sorghum bundle or bamboo cylinder are erected in center, with benefit ventilation.Stone is put in sorghum bundle or the assembly of bamboo cylinder surrounding
Pomegranate, until real with wet sand lid again when being attached to from 5-6 centimetres of tank mouth, altar or cylinder mouth plastic film sealing are tightened.1 after storage
The moon checks once, rejects in time if any decayed fruit, and this storage practice can be store to March or April next year, and this method is needed using wet sand
Strict control moisture content, control is improper to be easy to cause casting skin, decayed fruit.
(4) bag is hidden: the pomegranate that will be pre-chilled and handle through fungicide is put into sealed polyethylene plastic bag, ties sack, sets
In the interior to cool, this method needs in advance to sterilize pomegranate, time-consuming and laborious.
Chinese patent literature CN103283823A discloses a kind of storage practice of fresh pomegranate, including refrigerating room disinfecting, system
Make antistaling agent, select raw material, sprinkling colour protecting liquid, dress basket pre-cooling, is subsequently placed in pressure vessel, stores quality by every basket of fruit
1.0%~6.0% dosage is put into antistaling agent, vacuumizes and is depressurized to 30.0~90.0kPa, in 3.0~4.0 DEG C, relative humidity
90%~95% it is lower kept for 24 hours, wrapped up with polybag, at 0~5.0 DEG C of environment temperature, relative humidity 90%~95% it is cold
It is stored in library, storage period, repetition vacuumized decompression processing, finally packaging, outbound every 20~40 days opening polybags.The present invention into
Amplification experiment is gone, annual 10 tons of fresh pomegranate of storage, storage period, pericarp browning index was lower than 0.2, quotient more than 150 days
Product fruit rate is up to 92% or more, and fresh pomegranate storage period is long, of good preservation effect, non-environmental-pollution, remarkable in economical benefits, can produce
In be widely used to promote.This method is needed to refrigerating room disinfecting, the pre-cooling of dress basket, pressure vessel disinfection, time-consuming and laborious, disinfection cost
It is high.
In addition, freezer and air conditioned storage also gradually grow up in recent years, but these methods generally existing storage period
It is short, the serious problem of pomegranate fruit quality decline after storage, to be unable to satisfy the demand in market.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of upper preservation method of pomegranate branch, extends pomegranate on branch
Time, to extend the pot-life of pomegranate, and at low cost, fresh keeping time is long.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of upper preservation method of pomegranate branch, comprises the following steps that
(1) annual 9-10 month when pomegranate is picked, disease fruit, dehiscent fruit are extractd, remaining fruit retains in the tree, removes pomegranate
Leaf, reservation are successively sterilized in the tree, spray calcium preparation；
(2) pomegranate bagging uniformly sprays plant growth regulator solution and trace element solution at pomegranate carpopodium；
(3) band mid-November bag is picked, and is put into carton and is saved after picking.
Preferred according to the present invention, in step (1), the pomegranate leaf of removing is to spray mass concentration 1- to pomegranate tree body
3% urea liquid falls the leaf in tree body；Preferably, the mass concentration of urea liquid is 2.5%.
Preferred according to the present invention, in step (1), the calcium preparation is the high energy calcium solution of mass concentration 0.2-1%,
Preferably, the mass concentration of high energy calcium solution is 0.5%.
It is preferred according to the present invention, in step (2), when giving pomegranate bagging, upper foam mesh bag is first covered outside fruit, then
Upper polybag is covered in outside again.
Preferred according to the present invention, in step (2), the plant growth regulator is 2,4- dichlorphenoxyacetic acid, red mould
Element or methyl α-naphthyl acetate.
Preferred according to the present invention, in step (2), the concentration of plant growth regulator is 5-45mg/L.
It is further preferred that the concentration of 2,4- dichlorphenoxyacetic acids is 40mg/L, the concentration of gibberellin is 5-30mg/L, naphthalene
The concentration of acetic acid is 10-40mg/L.
Preferred according to the present invention, in step (2), the trace element solution is borax soln, the matter of borax soln
Amount concentration is 0.2-1%.
Preferably, the mass concentration of borax soln is 0.5%.
It is preferred according to the present invention, it in step (2), further include that sprinkling plant growth regulator solution and microelement are molten
Zeatin solution is uniformly sprayed after liquid 10-15 days at pomegranate carpopodium, the concentration of zeatin solution is 10 μm of ol/L-50 μm of ol/
L。
It is further preferred that the zeatin solution is prepared as follows to obtain, zeatin reagent powder is weighed
It is added in saturation sodium hydroxide solution and makes it completely dissolved, until zeatin concentration is 10 μm of ol/L-50 μm of ol/L.
Preferred according to the present invention, step (3) continues to be put into that routine preservation is carried out in freezer after pomegranate picking.
Excellent results of the invention are as follows:
1, preservation method of the invention makes tree body fall leaves, avoids trunk infusion from continuing to consume, make using urea liquid first
After preventing fruit bagging disease occurs for nutrition supply fruit, fruit sterilization, sprinkling calcium preparation, and sprinkling calcium preparation prevents fruit from splitting
Fruit, after picking season, the less influence that dehiscent fruit will not be generally caused to pomegranate fruit of rainwater sprays plant growth on pomegranate carpopodium
Regulator can slow down the formation of absciss layer on carpopodium, prevent falling off naturally for fruit, time of the extending fruit on branch, the present invention
The freshness of pomegranate can be improved spraying plant growth regulator and zeatin solution on pomegranate carpopodium, make granatum more
Add bright and clean fresh, avoids inside fruit and external brown stain.
2, the present invention extend time of the fruit in tree body on the whole, delay the picking of fruit, both enable fruit more
Trunk infusion is adequately absorbed, and can guarantee the flavor of the fresh and fruit of pericarp, the decay after delaying picking fruit, from
And extend the storage life of fruit.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further explained by the following examples, but the present invention is not limited only to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of upper preservation method of pomegranate branch, steps are as follows:
(1) in annual 9-10 month, when pomegranate is picked, first disease fruit, dehiscent fruit is rejected, then sprayed using 2.5% urea
Pomegranate tree body is spilt, the leaf in tree body is fallen, then spraying fungicide Bravo again, 70% 600 times of wettable powder liquid, most
Afterwards to the high energy calcium solution of pomegranate fruit sprinkling 0.5%；
(2) pomegranate bagging is given, foam mesh bag is first put on, then upper PE polybag is covered in outside again, then in pomegranate carpopodium
The borax soln that 2, the 4-D and mass percent that upper spray concentration is 40mg/L are 0.5%, it is uniform at pomegranate carpopodium after 15 days
Zeatin solution is sprayed, the concentration of zeatin solution is 20 μm of ol/L；
(3) band mid-November bag is picked, and is put into carton and is saved after picking.
Continue to be put into freezer progress routine preservation after pomegranate picking.
Embodiment 2
A kind of upper preservation method of pomegranate branch, steps are as follows:
(1) in annual 9-10 month, when pomegranate is picked, first disease fruit, dehiscent fruit is rejected, then sprayed using 2.5% urea
Pomegranate tree body is spilt, the leaf in tree body is fallen, then spraying fungicide Bravo again, 70% 600 times of wettable powder liquid, most
Afterwards to the high energy calcium solution of pomegranate fruit sprinkling 0.5%；
(2) pomegranate bagging is given, foam mesh bag is first put on, then upper PE polybag is covered in outside again, then in pomegranate carpopodium
The borax soln that the gibberellin and mass percent that upper spray concentration is 5mg/L are 0.5%, it is uniform at pomegranate carpopodium after 15 days
Zeatin solution is sprayed, the concentration of zeatin solution is 15 μm of ol/L；
(3) band mid-November bag is picked, and is put into carton and is saved after picking.
Continue to be put into freezer progress routine preservation after pomegranate picking.
Embodiment 3
A kind of upper preservation method of pomegranate branch, steps are as follows:
(1) in annual 9-10 month, when pomegranate is picked, first disease fruit, dehiscent fruit is rejected, then sprayed using 2.5% urea
Pomegranate tree body is spilt, the leaf in tree body is fallen, then spraying fungicide Bravo again, 70% 600 times of wettable powder liquid, most
Afterwards to the high energy calcium solution of pomegranate fruit sprinkling 0.5%；
(2) pomegranate bagging is given, foam mesh bag is first put on, then upper PE polybag is covered in outside again, then in pomegranate carpopodium
The borax soln that the gibberellin and mass percent that upper spray concentration is 30mg/L are 0.5%, it is equal at pomegranate carpopodium after 12 days
Even sprinkling zeatin solution, the concentration of zeatin solution are 18 μm of ol/L；
(3) band mid-November bag is picked, and is put into carton and is saved after picking.
It carries out hanging hiding routine preservation after pomegranate picking.
Embodiment 4
A kind of upper preservation method of pomegranate branch, steps are as follows:
(1) in annual 9-10 month, when pomegranate is picked, first disease fruit, dehiscent fruit is rejected, then sprayed using 2.5% urea
Pomegranate tree body is spilt, the leaf in tree body is fallen, then spraying fungicide Bravo again, 70% 600 times of wettable powder liquid, most
Afterwards to the high energy calcium solution of pomegranate fruit sprinkling 0.5%；
(2) pomegranate bagging is given, foam mesh bag is first put on, then upper PE polybag is covered in outside again, then in pomegranate carpopodium
The borax soln that the methyl α-naphthyl acetate and mass percent that upper spray concentration is 40mg/L are 0.5%, it is equal at pomegranate carpopodium after 10 days
Even sprinkling zeatin solution, the concentration of zeatin solution are 30 μm of ol/L；
(3) band mid-November bag is picked, and is put into carton and is saved after picking.
Continue bag hiding routine preservation after pomegranate picking.
Embodiment 5
A kind of upper preservation method of pomegranate branch, steps are as follows:
(1) in annual 9-10 month, when pomegranate is picked, first disease fruit, dehiscent fruit is rejected, then sprayed using 2.5% urea
Pomegranate tree body is spilt, the leaf in tree body is fallen, then spraying fungicide Bravo again, 70% 600 times of wettable powder liquid, most
Afterwards to the high energy calcium solution of pomegranate fruit sprinkling 0.5%；
(2) pomegranate bagging is given, foam mesh bag is first put on, then upper PE polybag is covered in outside again, then in pomegranate carpopodium
The borax soln that the methyl α-naphthyl acetate and mass percent that upper spray concentration is 10mg/L are 0.5%, it is equal at pomegranate carpopodium after 15 days
Even sprinkling zeatin solution, the concentration of zeatin solution are 35 μm of ol/L；
(3) band mid-November bag is picked, and is put into carton and is saved after picking.
Comparative example 1
A kind of pomegranate branch upper preservation method is 40mg/ in pomegranate carpopodium on spray concentration after this method is to pomegranate bagging
The 2,4-D of L, do not spray trace element solution, remaining method and step press the progress of embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
A kind of upper preservation method of pomegranate branch, after this method is to pomegranate bagging, only sprinkling microelement is molten on pomegranate carpopodium
Liquid does not spray plant growth regulator, remaining method and step press the progress of embodiment 1.
Comparative example 3
A kind of upper preservation method of pomegranate branch, after this method is to pomegranate bagging, sprays trace element solution on pomegranate carpopodium
And plant growth regulator, zeatin solution is not sprayed after 10-15 days.
Experimental example 1
Using the red skin sweet tea that Shandong District is routinely planted as test variety, using embodiment 1, embodiment 4 and comparative example 1-3
Method carry out Preservation Treatment, each processing takes 10 fruits to be evaluated respectively, respectively storage 40,80,120,160,180,
After 200 days, fresh-keeping effect is compared, storage number of days is from annual 9-10 month, and the time that pomegranate should pick starts to calculate.
Evaluation criterion such as the following table 1, table 2:
Table 1, pericarpium granati brown stain level evaluation table
| Brown stain rank (grade) | Pericarp browning situation | Score value |
| 0 | Pericarp does not have brown stain bright and clean as before | 0 |
| 1 | The slight brown stain of pericarp, surface are smooth | 25 |
| 2 | The obvious brown stain of pericarp, rough surface | 50 |
| 3 | The serious brown stain of pericarp, surface indentation | 75 |
| 4 | The complete blackening of pericarp is in hard shell shape | 100 |
Seed sensory evaluation criteria inside table 2, pomegranate fruit
The comparison fresh-keeping effect of embodiment 1, embodiment 4 and comparative example 1-3 see the table below shown in 3:
Table 3
Experimental example 2
Using the red skin sweet tea that Shandong District is routinely planted as test variety, using embodiment 1, embodiment 4 and comparative example 1-3
Method carry out Preservation Treatment, each processing takes 10 fruits to be evaluated respectively, test store 120 days after commodity fruit rate
(%), browning index, total sugar content, titratable acid content, the results are shown in Table 4:
Table 4
It can be seen that entire storage period, pomegranate fruit seed total sugar content, titratable acid content, pericarp by upper table
Browning index and commodity fruit rate are more excellent than comparative example 1-3 very much, and method of the invention can effectively delayed fruit seed total reducing sugar
Content and the decline of titratable acid content, inhibit pericarp browning index to rise, improve pomegranate commodity fruit rate, and fresh-keeping on branch,
Without equipment disinfection, other freshness preserving equipments are not necessarily to, fresh-keeping cost is greatly reduced.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of upper preservation method of pomegranate branch, comprises the following steps that
(1) annual 9-10 month when pomegranate is picked, disease fruit, dehiscent fruit are extractd, remaining fruit retains in the tree, removes pomegranate leaf, protects
It stays and is successively sterilized in the tree, sprays calcium preparation；
(2) pomegranate bagging uniformly sprays plant growth regulator solution and trace element solution at pomegranate carpopodium；
(3) band mid-November bag is picked, and is put into carton and is saved after picking.
2. the upper preservation method of pomegranate branch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (1), described removes pomegranate
Leaf is the urea liquid that mass concentration 1-3% is sprayed to pomegranate tree body, falls the leaf in tree body；Preferably, urea liquid
Mass concentration be 2.5%.
3. the upper preservation method of pomegranate branch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (1), the calcium preparation is
The high energy calcium solution of mass concentration 0.2-1%, it is preferred that the mass concentration of high energy calcium solution is 0.5%.
4. the upper preservation method of pomegranate branch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (2), when giving pomegranate bagging,
Upper foam mesh bag is first covered outside fruit, then covers upper polybag in outside again.
5. the upper preservation method of pomegranate branch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (2), the plant growth tune
Section agent is 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, gibberellin or methyl α-naphthyl acetate.
6. the upper preservation method of pomegranate branch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (2), plant growth regulator
Concentration be 5-45mg/L.
7. the upper preservation method of pomegranate according to claim 1 branch, which is characterized in that the concentration of 2,4- dichlorphenoxyacetic acids is
40mg/L, the concentration of gibberellin are 5-30mg/L, and the concentration of methyl α-naphthyl acetate is 10-40mg/L.
8. the upper preservation method of pomegranate branch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (2), the microelement
Solution is borax soln, and the mass concentration of borax soln is 0.2-1%, it is preferred that the mass concentration of borax soln is 0.5%.
9. the upper preservation method of pomegranate branch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (2), further include that sprinkling is planted
Object growth regulating agent solution and zeatin solution, zeatin are uniformly sprayed after trace element solution 10-15 days at pomegranate carpopodium
The concentration of solution is 10 μm of ol/L-50 μm of ol/L.
10. the upper preservation method of pomegranate branch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the zeatin solution is by such as
Lower section method is prepared, and weighs and makes it completely dissolved in zeatin reagent powder addition saturation sodium hydroxide solution, until zeatin
Concentration is 10 μm of ol/L-50 μm of ol/L.
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| CN113455540A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-10-01 | 贵州省山地资源研究所 | Cold damage prevention fresh-keeping storage method for passion fruits |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113455540A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-10-01 | 贵州省山地资源研究所 | Cold damage prevention fresh-keeping storage method for passion fruits |
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