CN109302861A - A kind of side casting perforating needle and its processing method - Google Patents
A kind of side casting perforating needle and its processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109302861A CN109302861A CN201811442983.9A CN201811442983A CN109302861A CN 109302861 A CN109302861 A CN 109302861A CN 201811442983 A CN201811442983 A CN 201811442983A CN 109302861 A CN109302861 A CN 109302861A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B45/00—Machines for treating meadows or lawns, e.g. for sports grounds
- A01B45/02—Machines for treating meadows or lawns, e.g. for sports grounds for aerating
- A01B45/023—Perforators comprising spiking tools actively driven in a reciprocating movement through a crankshaft or eccentric mechanism
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of side casting perforating needle and its processing methods, belong to punching mechanical field.The perforating needle includes cylindric needle body, and needle body is followed successively by mounting portion, unearthed portion and portion of burying from its tail end to front end, is provided on the side in portion of being unearthed into native channel in portion of burying and is provided with soil outlet, the unearthed track of arc surface is provided in portion of being unearthed.The perforating needle expeditiously can carry out punch operation to lawn, and the service life of perforating needle is longer.The processing method carries out machine-shaping to bar using a variety of processing methods such as turning, drilling, millings, the mode for reusing heat treatment further increases the comprehensive performance of shaping workpiece, sandblasting finally is carried out to workpiece and applies oil processing to guarantee the surface quality of shaping workpiece, the perforating needle that shape is accurate, intensity is high and wearability is good can be obtained, the service life of perforating needle is enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to punching mechanical fields, more specifically to a kind of side casting perforating needle and its processing method.
Background technique
With the development and the improvement of people's living standards of society, environmental problem also starts the weight for increasingly causing people
Depending on.Currently, all construction such as many farm, golf courses have the lawn of large area, it is reasonable except being carried out to lawn after lawn is built up
Fertilising, outside the maintenance managements such as pour water, trim, it is also necessary to punching in due course.The main purpose of punching is to increase the saturating of soil
Gas, water penetration help plant preferably to absorb nutrient, and cut off rhizome and stolon to stimulate new root growth.
For the needs of careless growth and development itself and the turfgrass quality on lawn in lawn, punching measure is extremely important
's.Punching is to get native volume from lawn by selecting suitable punching mechanical in the period of suitable, improve the physical of lawn
Shape and other characteristics promote a kind of maintenance of lawn some growth development above and below the ground to accelerate the decomposition of lawn grassland branch layer
Measure.Since the surface on lawn forms fine and close canopy, while the litter layer on surface can hinder moisture to enter soil.With soil
Hardened aggravation, moisture are even more to be difficult to enter, and be will form when serious " dry spot ", this " dry spot " no matter how to water all and make
Water can not penetrate into soil.Perforating needle is directed through turf and litter layer, forms the channel that a moisture enters soil, together
When be also oxygen entrance create conditions.In addition, lawn root system periodically carries out growth, dead metabolic process.These
Dead root system stays in the gap in soil, waits microorganism to be broken down into for minerals, minerals are inhaled by plant again again
It receives and utilizes.But the regular hour is needed to the decomposition of dead root system, that does not have enough time decomposing just becomes having in soil
Machine matter.These organic matters can absorb the moisture for being several times as much as itself just as sponge.Excessive organic matter, can be raw to lawn
Length is brought a negative impact, and is easy to happen " browsing " phenomenon, can improve the gas permeability of soil by punching, and accelerates point of organic matter
Solution.
According to the actual use situation on lawn, it can choose different perforating needles and punch operation, side casting carried out to lawn
Perforating needle can be used for drilling out hollow hole on lawn, and the core that organic matter is rich in lawn is taken out, repaves and contains into organic matter
Lower soil is measured, to achieve the effect that reduce the lawn content of organic matter.
Such as Chinese Patent Application No. are as follows: CN201520728927.7, publication date are as follows: the patent document on the 18th of September in 2015,
A kind of perforating needle is disclosed, lawn punching-machine tool field is belonged to.It includes needle body, and the needle body is column structure, including according to
The portion of burying of secondary connection, be unearthed portion and mounting portion, and the portion of burying is tubular structure, portion top of burying to be round into Tu Kou,
The unearthed portion side is provided with soil outlet, and unearthed portion is internally provided with unearthed track, is unearthed and track one end and buries in portion
The inner wall of the pipe in portion connects, and the other end is connect with soil outlet, and the unearthed track is round and smooth shape track, and mounting portion is solid knot
Structure, the unearthed portion are cambered surface of being unearthed close to the portion coupling part soil outlet that buries, and the unearthed cambered surface is prolonged by the portion's outer wall that buries
Extend to soil outlet bottom.It has the advantages that grass is not carried over after punching, it is good to punch depth, interconnecting piece intensity.But it punches
Needle drills when processing firstly the need of to its end, then the perforating needle in the side mill duct of perforating needle, the program drills deeply
Spend it is larger, although this processing method can make its processing easier, drilling depth will lead to more deeply its be unearthed portion's tail
Hold the arc length of arc surface shorter, the gradient of formation is larger, when the milling tail end arc surface along the unit length of needle body axial direction
Milling depth is bigger, bad control, is easy to form platform because wall thickness between the two is different in the junction in arc surface and hole
Scalariform wall surface, soil is accumulated in tail end and is even blocked when perforating needle being caused to punch, and influences perforating efficiency.
For another example Chinese Patent Application No. are as follows: CN201520728917.3, publication date are as follows: on 2 10th, 2016 patent texts
It offers, discloses a kind of assembly type perforating needle, belong to lawn punching-machine tool field.It includes needle body and coupling part, the needle
Body is tubular structure, including sequentially connected portion of burying, unearthed portion and mounting portion, the portion of burying are tubular structure, are buried
Portion top is circle into Tu Kou, and the unearthed portion side is provided with soil outlet, and unearthed portion is internally provided with unearthed track, is unearthed
Track one end is connect with the inner wall of the pipe inside the portion of burying, and the other end is connect with soil outlet, and the unearthed track is round and smooth shape
Track, the mounting portion are tubular structure, have been symmetrically arranged through-hole, the interconnecting piece subpackage on mounting portion two sidewalls
Connector and connecting shaft are included, needle body passes through mounting hole by bolt with coupling part and connects.It has punching after grass not by
It takes out of, punch that deep, interconnecting piece intensity is good, replacement advantage convenient, easy to process and with high accuracy.But the perforating needle is whole
The hollow circular tube type structure of type, therefore its integral strength is not high, works long hours down and easily deforms, and influences perforating efficiency.
In addition, running at high speed although the perforating needle of the program is the side casting structure of groove at side surface and still having part when punching
Soil enters the tail end of perforating needle, the i.e. junction of perforating needle and puncher, blocks the gap of perforating needle and puncher junction,
Influence perforating efficiency even results in puncher and is damaged.
Above two perforating needle is side casting punching needle construction, in the prior art for the processing side of the type perforating needle
Method is first to drill to pole, rear groove milling, finally again removes the burr for punching wire surface by polishing, forms smooth wall
Face.But the mechanical property of perforating needle only processed by this method and not ideal enough, easily deformed in actual use,
The problems such as cracking or perforating efficiency are low, influences perforating efficiency.
Summary of the invention
1, it to solve the problems, such as
For the not high problem of the perforating efficiency of existing side casting perforating needle, the present invention provides a kind of side casting perforating needle,
It is designed by reasonable structure, punch operation expeditiously can be carried out to lawn, the service life of perforating needle is longer.
The present invention also provides a kind of processing methods of side casting perforating needle, are fought each other according to the specific structure of this programme perforating needle
Hole needle carries out a series of machine-shapings, in conjunction with its later period heat treatment process further strengthen the perforating needle structure property and
Mechanical property can obtain the perforating needle that shape is accurate, intensity is high and wearability is good, increase its service life.
2, technical solution
To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that.
A kind of side casting perforating needle, including cylindric needle body, needle body are followed successively by mounting portion, unearthed portion from its tail end to front end
It with the portion of burying, is provided in portion of burying into native channel, is provided with soil outlet on the side in the unearthed portion, be provided in portion of being unearthed
Be unearthed track；The unearthed track is arc surface, and one end connects soil outlet, and the other end is connected into native channel.
As the further improvement of technical solution, it is described into native Channel front end be punching end；The opening at the punching end
It is gradually reduced from its tail end to front end.
As the further improvement of technical solution, the soil outlet is connect by arc-shaped edges with the portion of burying.
As the further improvement of technical solution, the diameter of the mounting portion is less than the diameter in the portion of being unearthed, mounting portion surface
Equipped with screw thread.
A method of processing above-mentioned side casting perforating needle, comprising the following steps:
1. with lathe treat processing bar two end faces processed, so that bar is reached the length set and make its two
A end face is concordant, then forms mounting portion to the tail end turning of bar；
2. being drilled to be formed into native channel with front end face of the drilling machine to bar；
3. bar side is processed with milling machine to be formed with into the channel attached processing plane of soil, then from processing plane and installation
Bar side between portion starts, along into the earthwork to it is reversed to bar carry out milling formed arc surface unearthed track；
4. being processed with machine for shrinking into the front end in native channel, the punching end with taper is formed；
5. the bar after 4. processing to step is heat-treated；
6. carrying out blasting treatment to the bar after heat treatment, oiling then is carried out to its surface, completes entire perforating needle
Processing.
As the further improvement of processing method, the bar is using 40Cr steel as raw material.
As the further improvement of processing method, step 2. in, it is further comprising the steps of before drilling: before bar
End face drills out end-face central hole used for positioning.
As the further improvement of processing method, further include the steps that the bar after 3. processing to step carries out deburring.
As the further improvement of processing method, step 5. in heat treatment process it is specific as follows:
1) heating in furnace
The in-furnace temperature of heat-treatment furnace is set as a steady temperature between 840 DEG C -860 DEG C, 4. step is processed after
Bar be put into heat-treatment furnace, heat preservation 40-50 minutes after take out；
2) it is quenched
Bar is placed in hardening media and is quenched, taken out after a period of time and is air-cooled to room temperature；
3) tempering
The in-furnace temperature of heat-treatment furnace is set as a steady temperature between 220 DEG C -235 DEG C, bar is placed in furnace
Heat preservation is taken out after 2-3 hours, is air-cooled to room temperature；
As the further improvement of processing method, the detailed process of quenching treatment are as follows: bar is placed in oil temperature at 60 DEG C -80
Oil quenching is carried out in quenching oil between DEG C, the oil quenching time is 1-1.5 minutes, and taking-up is air-cooled to room temperature.
As the further improvement of processing method, the detailed process of quenching treatment are as follows: bar is placed in temperature positioned at 330
In salt bath between DEG C -360 DEG C, the cool time is 25-30 minutes, and room temperature is air-cooled to after taking-up.
3, beneficial effect
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the benefit that
(1) a kind of side casting perforating needle of the present invention, by making into the unearthed track of arc surface between native channel and soil outlet
The soil taken out when must punch can be more smooth and be easily discharged along arc surface from soil outlet, prevents soil because being unearthed rail
Road tail end be right angle soil outlet and cause soil accumulated plugging be unearthed track in, in addition, because be unearthed track cambered surface be from
Soil outlet is extended to close to one end of mounting portion into native channel, so its gradient is relatively slow, enable milling be unearthed track when
Enough wall thickness for preferably controlling track front end of being unearthed are consistent with the wall thickness into native channel, prevent the wall because of the two junction
Thickness is different and generates step, so that secondary milling is needed, it is time-consuming and laborious；
(2) a kind of side casting perforating needle of the present invention, needle body front end uses the punching end with constant slope, so that perforating needle
It can be more easily inserted into underground when work, improve perforating efficiency；
(3) a kind of side casting perforating needle of the present invention is connected between soil outlet and the outer wall in portion of burying by arc-shaped edges, so that
Perforating needle can more swimmingly be extracted when extracting from underground along the angle of arc-shaped edges, and be not easy entrainment grass, improve punching
Efficiency；
(4) a kind of side casting perforating needle of the present invention, the screw thread on mounting portion surface enable perforating needle more easily to lead to
It crosses mounting portion to be mounted on puncher, connection more fastens；
(5) a kind of processing method of side casting perforating needle of the present invention carries out vehicle to bar for the specific structure of perforating needle
It cuts, drill and milling machine operation, obtained perforating needle shape is accurate, in conjunction with the heat treatment process in later period, so that the power of perforating needle
It learns performance and structure property to be greatly improved, perforating needle intensity when in use and wearability are reinforced, and make
Situations such as deforming and cracking is not susceptible to when obtaining its punching, service life greatly increases；
(6) a kind of processing method of side casting perforating needle of the present invention, it is used for positioning by first being drilled out in the end face of bar
Center hole prevents bore position from deviating and leading to the wall into native channel so that position is more accurate when drilling machine drills to bar
It is thick inconsistent, so that perforating needle be enabled to easily deform at work and cracking phenomena；
(7) a kind of processing method of side casting perforating needle of the present invention, the workpiece surface after Overheating Treatment will form part
Oxide layer or other be relatively the adhesive of difficult cleaning, the oxygen of workpiece surface can be conveniently and efficiently cleaned up by grit blasting operation
Change layer or adhesive, workpiece surface is made to become to clean, then subsequent oiling is cooperated to operate, workpiece surface can be made to become smooth
It is formed simultaneously a protective layer, protective layer can completely cut off workpiece surface and air contact, workpiece is avoided to occur in subsequent use
Oxidative phenomena；
(8) a kind of processing method of side casting perforating needle of the present invention, can be efficiently reduced or be eliminated by tempering
Internal stress when quenching, and tempering temperature of the invention is between 220 DEG C -235 DEG C, is belonged to lonneal, can will be quenched
When the quenched martensite that is formed be changed into tempered martensite, while the high intensity, high rigidity and excellent abrasive resistance for keeping steel
The toughness for improving perforating needle, improves the perforating efficiency and service life of perforating needle；
(9) a kind of processing method of side casting perforating needle of the present invention, quenching treatment is using the quenching oil between 60 DEG C -80 DEG C
Oil quenching is carried out, this process for quenching is easy to operate, and suitable for the workpiece of this small size of perforating needle, quenching efficiency is higher, and oily
The mobility of quenching oil of the temperature between 60 DEG C -80 DEG C is preferable, and oily viscosity is lower, can effectively improve quenching oil for
Cooling velocity of the perforating needle workpiece at 400 DEG C -650 DEG C, to improve the mechanical property of perforating needle；
(10) a kind of processing method of side casting perforating needle of the present invention, quenching treatment use 330 DEG C -360 DEG C of salt bath pair
Workpiece is quenched, and workpiece is kept the temperature in salt bath to be taken out for a long time and after workpiece internal and external temperature reaches consistent enough, early period
The austenite structure converted under high temperature is changed into lower bainite tissue in salt bath, and the intensity and hardness of lower bainite tissue are higher
And toughness is good, can effectively improve the comprehensive mechanical property of steel, to improve the quality of perforating needle, reduces the change of perforating needle
Shape and tearing tendency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of top view of side casting perforating needle of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of main view of side casting perforating needle of the present invention；
In figure: 1, mounting portion；2, unearthed portion；21, be unearthed track；22, arc panel；23, plane is processed；3, it buries portion；31,
Into native channel；32, end is punched.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described below with attached drawing combined with specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of side casting perforating needle is mainly used for carrying out punch operation to lawn.Perforating needle is in height
Pierced under speed rotation on the lawn in and will the wherein core taking-up rich in organic matter, repave into the lower soil of the content of organic matter, from
And improve the physical behavior and other characteristics on lawn, to accelerate the decomposition of lawn grassland branch layer, promote lawn part above and below the ground
Growth and development.It includes needle body, needle body be it is cylindric, be followed successively by mounting portion 1 from the tail end of needle body to front end, be unearthed 2 and of portion
It buries portion 3.Wherein, mounting portion 1 is the junction of perforating needle and puncher；The soil that portion 2 is used to take out when will punch that is unearthed is arranged
Out, portion 3 is buried as the position for being inserted into soil when perforating needle punching.Separately below to the knot of mounting portion 1, be unearthed portion 2 and portion 3 of burying
Structure is described in detail.
Portion 3 of burying is located at the front end of needle body, in have along the axial direction of needle body into native channel 31, into the length in native channel 31
For the 1/5-1/4 of entire bar length, the length in the portion 3 of burying of the present embodiment is the 1/5 of bar length.Into native 31 one end of channel
Portion 2 of being unearthed is connected, the other end is connected to from needle body relative to the other end of mounting portion 1 external.Outside is connected into native channel 31
Front end be punching end 32, punching end 32 length be into native channel 1/4-1/3, the present embodiment punching end 32 length be into
The 1/4 of native channel.The opening at punching end 32 is gradually reduced from its tail end to front end, forms the conical surface with certain angle, so that
Perforating needle more easily can be inserted into underground by punching end 32 when working, and improve perforating efficiency.
Soil outlet is offered on the side in unearthed portion 2, the unearthed track 21 with circular arc planar in portion 2 of being unearthed, be unearthed rail
The one end in road 21 is connect with soil outlet, and the other end is connect with into native channel 31, when puncher works, the soil of punching end 32 taking-up
By entering the track 21 that is unearthed into native channel 31, and it is discharged along the cambered surface of unearthed track 21 from soil outlet, the cambered surface for the track 21 that is unearthed
Soil is discharged more easily from soil outlet in design, improves the working efficiency of perforating needle.In the present embodiment, be unearthed rail
Road 21 is into 2 times of length of native channel 31 along the axial length of needle body, and the cambered surface for the track 21 that is unearthed is close from soil outlet
One end of mounting portion extends at intake channel, so that the gradient that milling cutter processes when being unearthed track 21 compares mitigation, thus
The wall thickness and the wall thickness into native channel 31 that unearthed 21 front end of track can preferably be controlled are consistent, and are prevented because of the two connection
The wall thickness at place is different and generates step, so that secondary milling is needed, it is time-consuming and laborious.In addition, soil outlet with bury portion 3 outer wall it
Between connected by arc-shaped edges 22, perforating needle is more swimmingly extracted along arc-shaped edges 22, and do not allow when extracting from underground
It easily is entrained with grass, improves perforating efficiency.
Mounting portion 1 is formed by lathe turning, and shape is cylindric, the diameter that matches with the mounting hole on puncher
Less than the diameter in unearthed portion 2.1 surface of mounting portion has the screw thread matched with the screw thread in puncher mounting hole, and perforating needle is logical
It crosses mounting portion 1 to be fixedly mounted on puncher, rotary work under the action of puncher.
In conclusion a kind of side casting perforating needle of the present embodiment, is designed by reasonable structure, it can be expeditiously right
Lawn carries out punch operation, and the soil of taking-up can be external from soil outlet discharging pin in time, prevents soil in needle body
Blocking and it is hardened and the case where influence perforating efficiency.
Embodiment 2
The method for present embodiments providing the side casting perforating needle in a kind of process embodiment 1, using turning, drilling, milling
It a variety of processing methods such as cuts and machine-shaping is carried out to bar, the mode for reusing heat treatment further increases the synthesis of shaping workpiece
Performance finally carries out sandblasting to workpiece and applies oil processing to guarantee the surface quality of shaping workpiece.The length and diameter of bar can
Determines according to actual conditions, the bar length in the present embodiment takes 155mm, and diameter takes 15mm, and raw material uses 40Cr steel.It is specific to add
Work method is as follows:
1. bar to be processed is placed in the working position of lathe and is fixed to clamp, turning behaviour is carried out to two end faces of bar
Make, so that the end face of bar is smooth and two mutual flushes in end face, stop turning after bar length is reduced to 150mm, adjusts
The angles and positions of bar, turner makees to carry out turning to the tail end of bar and be formed as depicted in figs. 1 and 2 after adjustment
Mounting portion 1, mounting portion 1 are solid cylindrical, and at the center of bar breech face, the length is 30mm, diameter 6mm, tables
Face has the screw thread matched with the screw thread of puncher mounting hole.Turning is carried out by two end faces to bar in the step,
On the one hand the length that can control bar reaches scheduled length, and two end faces of another aspect flush with each other are but also bar
Following process is more accurate, and final finished product perforating needle shape obtained is accurate.
2. first drilling out an end-face central hole on the front end face of bar, then the front end face of bar is placed in the processing of drilling machine
Position is fixed simultaneously to be clamped, make drill bit perpendicular to the front end face of bar and is directed at end-face central hole, starting drill bit to bar front end face into
Row drilling operation is simultaneously formed into native channel 31.The present embodiment into native 31 diameter of channel be 13mm, length 30mm, into native channel
31 side wall wall thickness is 1.5mm.In the step, end-face central hole plays the role of positioning bore position in drilling operation,
Drill bit is accurately drilled from end-face central hole, prevents bore position from deviating and causing into native 31 side wall of channel
Wall thickness it is inconsistent, to enable perforating needle, thin-walled side deforms and cracking phenomena at work.
3. bar is placed in the operating position of milling machine, since the bar side wall into native 31 tail end of channel, along into the earthwork to
To bar milling and processing plane 23 as shown in Figure 2 is formed, the depth of processing plane 23 is 7.5mm, length 30mm, width
For 15mm.Using the bar lateral location apart from 1 tail end 60mm of mounting portion as starting point, where the middle line of processing 23 short side of plane
Straight line carries out milling to bar, and milling always is into after the tail end in native channel 31, forming unearthed track 21 and circle as shown in Figure 2
Arc side 22, and the unearthed track 21 of control and the wall thickness into native 31 junction of channel are 1.5mm, prevent the wall because of the two junction
Thickness is inconsistent and generates step, so that needing to carry out secondary milling eliminates step, it is time-consuming and laborious.After the completion of milling, pass through grinding
Brush grinds the bore surfaces of bar and milling face, and the burr and overlap generated in removal drilling and milling machine operation makes bar
Wall surface become to clean it is smooth.
4. carrying out necking operation into the front end in native channel 31 with machine for shrinking, punching end 32 as shown in Figure 2 is formed, is punched
Length of the end 32 in bar axial direction is 10mm.The tail end opening diameter for punching end 32 is identical as the diameter into native channel 31, by
Its tail end to front opening is gradually reduced, and front opening diameter is 7mm.This tapering type punching end 32 makes perforating needle work
When can more easily insert ground, improve the perforating efficiency of puncher.After step processing, molding perforating needle work is obtained
Part.
5. to step 4. in perforating needle workpiece be heat-treated, to improve the comprehensive performance of perforating needle workpiece, especially
It is that the intensity at the punching end 32 for perforating needle front end and toughness make larger reinforcement, because the needle body front end of perforating needle is working
It will receive great frictional force and active force in the process, the case where toughness is not enough then easy to happen cracking or fracture, intensity
It is inadequate then easily deform.Specific step is as follows for heat treatment:
1) heating in furnace
The in-furnace temperature of heat-treatment furnace is set as a steady temperature between 840 DEG C -860 DEG C, the heating of the present embodiment
Temperature is 850 DEG C.Workpiece to be processed is put into heat-treatment furnace, heat preservation is taken out after 50 minutes.40Cr steel Ac1 (steel heat when,
Initially form the temperature of austenite) be 743 DEG C, therefore by raw material be 40Cr steel workpiece be placed in 850 DEG C heating 50 minutes after, work
The austenitization of part is basically completed.
2) it is quenched
Workpiece after heating is placed in oil temperature and carries out oil quenching in the quenching oil between 60 DEG C -80 DEG C, the present embodiment is taken
The quenching oil that oil temperature is 70 DEG C, oil quenching time are 1 minute, room temperature are air-cooled to after taking-up, the austenite structure in workpiece turns at this time
Become martensitic structure.The process for quenching possess it is easy to operate, save the advantages of process, and taking oil temperature is 70 DEG C of quenching oil
Quenching effect is strengthened, the comprehensive performance of workpiece is more preferable after quenching, and concrete reason is spat down:
Cooling of the steel in quenching range can be divided into multiple stages depending on the temperature.It is comprehensive to what is quenched
The steel for closing performance should carry out Slow cooling when temperature is in 650 DEG C or more, to reduce quenching stress as far as possible；At temperature
It should be quickly cooled down when 400 DEG C -650 DEG C, with the region most unstable by overcooling austenite, pearlite or shellfish occur for wall surface
The transformation of family name's body；It, should the group that generate when Slow cooling is again to minimize martensite transfor mation but when temperature is in 400 DEG C or less
Knit stress.In the present embodiment, the cooling characteristics of quenching oil are preferable, but its cooling capacity is lower, thus quenching oil to temperature at
The cooling effect of workpiece when 400 DEG C -650 DEG C be not very well, and oil temperature be 60 DEG C -80 DEG C quenching oil mobility compared with
Good, oily viscosity is lower, cooling velocity of the quenching oil for workpiece at 400 DEG C -650 DEG C can be effectively improved, to mention
The comprehensive performance of high perforating needle.
3) tempering
The in-furnace temperature of heat-treatment furnace is set as a steady temperature between 220 DEG C -235 DEG C, the present embodiment takes 230
DEG C, bar is placed in furnace after keeping the temperature 2-3 hours and is taken out, is air-cooled to room temperature.It can efficiently reduce or disappear by tempering
Internal stress when except quenching, and the tempering temperature in the step belongs to lonneal, the quenching geneva that can will be formed when quenching
Body is changed into tempered martensite, and the toughness of workpiece is improved while the high intensity, high rigidity and excellent abrasive resistance for keeping steel, is mentioned
The perforating efficiency and service life of high perforating needle.
6. carrying out blasting treatment to the bar after heat treatment, oiling then is carried out to its surface, completes entire perforating needle
Processing.Workpiece surface after Overheating Treatment will form portion of oxide layer or other are relatively the adhesive of difficult cleaning, pass through spray
Sand operates the oxide layer or adhesive that can conveniently and efficiently clean up workpiece surface, makes workpiece surface become to clean, then cooperate
Subsequent oiling operation, forms a protective layer, protective layer can completely cut off workpiece while workpiece surface capable of being made to become smooth
Surface and air contact, avoid workpiece that oxidative phenomena occurs in subsequent use.
In conclusion a kind of processing method of side casting perforating needle of the present embodiment, for the specific structure pair of perforating needle
Bar carries out turning, drilling and milling machine operation, and obtained perforating needle shape is accurate, in conjunction with the heat treatment process in later period, so that
The mechanical property and structure property of perforating needle are greatly improved, and perforating needle intensity when in use and wearability obtain
Reinforce, so that being not susceptible to situations such as deforming and cracking when its punching, service life greatly increased.
Embodiment 3
The processing method of the side casting perforating needle of embodiment 2, can process that shape is accurate, punching of good combination property
Needle, still, quenching treatment use single-stage quenching method, and the initial temperature of workpiece and the temperature difference of quenching oil are larger, therefore its
The case where biggish quenching stress can be generated when quenching, workpiece deformation or cracking may be generated in actual mechanical process.This reality
Example is applied on the basis of embodiment 2, another process for quenching is provided, which is isothermal hardening method, and detailed process is as follows:
Workpiece after heating is placed in temperature in the salt bath between 330 DEG C -360 DEG C, the present embodiment takes the temperature of salt bath
Degree is 350 DEG C, and ingredient is+50% sodium nitrite of 50% potassium nitrate, and the cool time is 28 minutes, keeps one to workpiece internal and external temperature
After cause, room temperature is air-cooled to after taking-up.
The process time of the process for quenching of the embodiment that compares 2, the process for quenching of the present embodiment is longer, but workpiece is first
The temperature difference between beginning temperature and hardening media is smaller, efficiently reduces quenching stress when workpiece quenching, and workpiece is not susceptible to
Deformation or cracking.In addition, the process for quenching enables the austenite structure in workpiece to be changed into lower bainite tissue in salt bath,
And intensity and hardness due to lower bainite tissue is higher and toughness is good, can effectively improve the comprehensive mechanical property of steel,
To improve workpiece quality, reduce the deformation and tearing tendency of workpiece.Although should be noted that theoretically through this embodiment
Isothermal hardening after, the tissue in workpiece has turned to relatively stable lower bainite tissue, does not need subsequent tempering processing.
But in actual operation, workpiece still had in quenching process partial austenitic tissue there is no transformation, this part Ovshinsky
Body tissue can be changed into quenched martensite tissue in subsequent process air cooler, therefore the workpiece after process for quenching processing is still
Tempering need to be carried out, to be stable tissue by unstable quenched martensite structural transformation, takes 230 in the present embodiment
DEG C lonneal by quenched martensite structural transformation be tempered martensite.
Example of the present invention is only that preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described, not to present inventive concept and
Range is defined, and under the premise of not departing from design philosophy of the present invention, this field engineers and technicians are to technology of the invention
The various changes and improvements that scheme is made should all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of side casting perforating needle, including cylindric needle body are followed successively by mounting portion (1) from the tail end of needle body to front end, are unearthed
Portion (2) and portion of burying (3) are provided in portion of burying (3) into native channel (31), it is characterised in that: the side of the unearthed portion (2)
On be provided with soil outlet, be unearthed portion (2) in is provided with unearthed track (21)；The unearthed track (21) is arc surface, one end
Soil outlet is connected, the other end is connected into native channel (31).
2. a kind of side casting perforating needle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the front end into native channel (31) is
It punches end (32)；The opening of punching end (32) is gradually reduced from its tail end to front end.
3. a kind of side casting perforating needle according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the soil outlet passes through arc-shaped edges (22)
It is connect with the outer wall of the portion of burying (3).
4. a kind of side casting perforating needle according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the diameter of the mounting portion (1) is less than
The diameter of unearthed portion (2), mounting portion (1) surface are equipped with screw thread.
5. a kind of method of side casting perforating needle described in a kind of any one of processing claim 1-4, comprising the following steps:
1. being processed with two end faces that lathe treats processing bar, so that bar is reached the length set and make two end
Face is concordant, then forms mounting portion (1) to the tail end turning of bar；
2. being drilled to be formed into native channel (31) with front end face of the drilling machine to bar；
3. the processing plane (23) to be formed and be connect with into native channel (31) is processed to bar side with milling machine, then from processing plane
(23) the bar side between mounting portion (1) starts, along into the earthwork to opposite direction to bar carry out milling formed arc surface
Unearthed track (21)；
4. being processed with machine for shrinking into the front end of native channel (31), the punching end (32) with taper is formed；
5. the bar after 4. processing to step is heat-treated；
6. carrying out blasting treatment to the bar after heat treatment, oiling then is carried out to its surface, completes the processing of entire perforating needle.
6. a kind of manufacturing method of side casting perforating needle according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: step 2. in, boring
It is further comprising the steps of before hole: to drill out end-face central hole used for positioning in the front end face of bar.
7. a kind of manufacturing method of side casting perforating needle according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: further include to step 3.
The step of bar after processing carries out deburring.
8. a kind of manufacturing method of side casting perforating needle according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: step 5. in heat at
Reason process is specific as follows:
1) heating in furnace
Set stick of the in-furnace temperature of heat-treatment furnace as a steady temperature between 840 DEG C -860 DEG C, 4. step is processed after
Material is put into heat-treatment furnace, and heat preservation is taken out after 40-50 minutes；
2) it is quenched
Bar is placed in hardening media and is quenched, taken out after a period of time and is air-cooled to room temperature；
3) tempering
The in-furnace temperature of heat-treatment furnace is set as a steady temperature between 220 DEG C -235 DEG C, bar is placed in furnace and is kept the temperature
It is taken out after 2-3 hours, is air-cooled to room temperature.
9. a kind of manufacturing method of side casting perforating needle according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: quenching treatment it is specific
Process are as follows: bar is placed in oil temperature and carries out oil quenching in the quenching oil between 60 DEG C -80 DEG C, the oil quenching time is 1-1.5 minutes, is taken
It is air-cooled to room temperature out.
10. a kind of manufacturing method of side casting perforating needle according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the tool of quenching treatment
Body process are as follows: bar is placed in temperature in the salt bath between 330 DEG C -360 DEG C, the cool time is 25-30 minutes, after taking-up
It is air-cooled to room temperature.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811442983.9A CN109302861B (en) | 2018-11-29 | 2018-11-29 | Side soil discharging perforating needle and processing method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811442983.9A CN109302861B (en) | 2018-11-29 | 2018-11-29 | Side soil discharging perforating needle and processing method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109302861A true CN109302861A (en) | 2019-02-05 |
| CN109302861B CN109302861B (en) | 2022-05-03 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112292964A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-02-02 | 安徽三把刀园林机械有限公司 | Cross perforating needle and manufacturing method thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109302861B (en) | 2022-05-03 |
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