CN109299554A - A kind of method for building up of laser-arc hybrid welding in industry heat source model - Google Patents
A kind of method for building up of laser-arc hybrid welding in industry heat source model Download PDFInfo
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- CN109299554A CN109299554A CN201811162260.3A CN201811162260A CN109299554A CN 109299554 A CN109299554 A CN 109299554A CN 201811162260 A CN201811162260 A CN 201811162260A CN 109299554 A CN109299554 A CN 109299554A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
- G06F30/23—Design optimisation, verification or simulation using finite element methods [FEM] or finite difference methods [FDM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/346—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding
- B23K26/348—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding in combination with arc heating, e.g. TIG [tungsten inert gas], MIG [metal inert gas] or plasma welding
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
- G06T17/20—Finite element generation, e.g. wire-frame surface description, tesselation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for building up of laser-arc hybrid welding in industry heat source model, mainly by establishing workpiece geometrical model, and grid dividing is carried out to geometrical model, it is thin using nearly position while welding grid, far from the thick division mode of position while welding grid, consider material properties, the heat source that load laser volume and Goldak are combined, model boundary condition is set, calculates and solves, that is, completes the foundation of welding heat source model.The section of weld joint pattern that simulation obtains is compared with actual welds Cross Section Morphology, the section of weld joint pattern and practical laser-composite weld Cross Section Morphology similarity obtained using present invention simulation has reached 91% or more, it is big to be able to solve heat source secondary development difficulty in Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding simulation, the problem of application to engineering practice hardly possible.
Description
Technical field
The present invention principally falls into welding technology field, and specifically, the present invention relates to the foundation of composite welding heat source model
Method and technology field.
Background technique
There is laser-arc hybrid welding in industry the big fusion penetration of Laser Welding and ordinary arc weldering to require assembly precision low spy
Point has biggish advantage compared to single laser welding and single arc welding, is suitble to the welding of a variety of materials, and make in machinery
It makes, the industries such as automobile ship and traffic track are all widely used.Currently, research is with dissimilar material welding often using real
The method of object test, during the experiment, the technological parameter of laser-arc hybrid welding in industry is more, relies solely on actual loading test and grinds
The cost for studying carefully welding procedure is larger, while expending huge time cost, and the result that actual loading test obtains is often limited
The value of a characteristic point, it is not intuitive enough to the analysis of workpiece entirety postwelding situation, it is also not comprehensive enough, and once change welding procedure
It just needs to test again.
Currently, cooperating certain commerical test using analogue technique, establishes numerical model and analyzed, it is possible to reduce at
Originally, the plenty of time is saved, meanwhile, such as workpiece surface and internal Temperature Distribution, workpiece deform after welding process neutralization
It is to be difficult to measure overall condition by actual loading test with region of stress concentration etc., and it can be very intuitive by welding value
Observe process and as a result, therefore using numerical simulation technology come Study of Laser-electric arc hybrid welding technology to engineering practice
There is important realistic meaning.
Welding heat source model is one of the necessary factor for realizing welding analog, and establishing accurate heat source model can be improved weldering
The precision of the analog results such as jointing temp field and stress field, but it is sometimes simple using a certain in actual welding simulation process
Kind heat source can not achieve the effect that satisfied, to use therefore, it is necessary to further study welding analog heat source model.It is domestic at present
Outer document4In, for the simulation of complex welding method, heat source model mainly uses the following two kinds, one is passing through two
The secondary heat source model for developing corresponding welding method, the second is by combination different heat sources model reach equivalent simulation welding method and
Welding process.Although higher by the heat source model precision that secondary development obtains, due to its formula complexity, it is desirable that research people
Member and engineering staff's program capability with higher, and secondary development often carries out assuming to grind according to a particular problem
Study carefully, therefore it is very big to promote difficulty in engineering.And a kind of simulation of the electric arc combined weldering of laser-provided by the present invention is utilized,
The difficulty for reducing engineer application can be crossed by improving simulation precision also.
Summary of the invention
It is big for heat source model secondary development difficulty in the electric arc combined welding analog of current laser-, it is not easy to promote and apply
And the state of the art of single source analog result and physical presence relatively large deviation, the present invention provide a kind of Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding
The method for building up of heat source model is connect, to solve above-mentioned existing defect.
The present invention provides a kind of method for building up of laser-arc hybrid welding in industry heat source model, to achieve the purpose of the present invention,
The step of specifically taking is as follows:
(1) three-dimensional finite element mesh model is established:
The geometrical model for establishing workpiece in 3 d modeling software first is then introduced into grid dividing software and divides net
Lattice, trellis-type are hexahedral mesh, and wherein mesh-density is intensive close to grid at Weld pipe mill, dilute far from commissure grid
It dredges.
(2) heat source model is established:
Including establishing laser volumetric sources model and Goldak heat source model.
Initially set up laser volumetric sources model:
In formula 1-1, reAnd riRespectively heat source upper and lower surface radius；zeAnd ziThe respectively z coordinate of heat source upper and lower surface；H
For heat depth.
Next establishes Goldak heat source model:
Q in formula 1-2fAnd qrRespectively heat source front and rear part heat flux distribution function；af,ar,bhAnd chRespectively
The distribution parameter of Goldak heat source.
Finally two heat sources are combined, the power and distribution parameter of heat source model are adjusted separately after combination.
Power should meet after multi-heat source combination:
Φ=η1Φ1+η2Φ2
Formula 1-3
Φ is the general power of input in formula 1-3；Φ1For laser volumetric sources power；Φ2For Goldak power of heat source；η1For
Laser volumetric sources power efficiency coefficient；η2For Goldak power of heat source efficiency factor；
Distribution parameter adjustment mode:
The distribution parameter of laser volumetric sources should be suitable for the deep fusibleness of the electric arc combined weldering of laser-, and simulate obtain it is molten
Postwelding fusion penetration depth can be reached deeply, Goldak heat source distribution parameter should be suitable for the molten wide in the electric arc combined weldering of laser-, and
Postwelding molten wide width can be reached by simulating obtained molten wide, after fusion penetration and molten wide respectively reach requirement, then fine adjustments distribution
Parameter, so that the section of weld joint pattern that simulation obtains is more nearly with actual welds Cross Section Morphology, general requirement heat source model
Cross Section Morphology should be able to include entire molten bath, and size controls within the scope of molten bath is reasonable.
(3) it calculates and solves governing equation: the heat source model that step (2) is established is loaded into the model of step (1) foundation
On, while cast material attribute is assigned, according to actual setting boundary condition and control heat source position and movement, submit operation simultaneously
Export calculated result.
By implement technical solution of the present invention, can achieve it is following the utility model has the advantages that
A kind of method for building up of laser-arc hybrid welding in industry heat source model provided by the invention, it is multiple for laser-electric arc
Welding process is closed, finite element mesh model is established, sets reasonable perimeter strip according to true workpiece parameter and actual conditions
Part is calculated using Finite Element Simulation Software, and analog result and test result are coincide well, the section of weld joint shape simulated
Looks and the electric arc combined section of weld joint pattern similarity of practical laser-have reached 91% or more, compared with prior art, using this
Invention simulated laser-electric arc combined weldering can help welding profession related personnel to reduce a large amount of idle works, hence it is evident that shorten test week
Phase substantially reduces cost, reduces engineer application difficulty.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is laser volumetric sources illustraton of model, wherein ruFor radius on heat source, r1For radius under heat source, d is that heat source is deep
Degree.
Fig. 2 is Goldak heat source model figure, wherein af、ar, b and d be respectively the preceding axial length of Goldak heat source, rear axial length,
Width and depth.
Fig. 3 is the electric arc combined welding workpiece grid dividing schematic diagram of laser-, wherein part A is the grid of welding workpiece
It divides, part B is workbench grid dividing.
Fig. 4 is the electric arc combined welding analog section of weld joint pattern of laser-and actual welding section of weld joint pattern comparison diagram,
Wherein, A is true value, and B is the analogue value.
Specific embodiment
1-4 with reference to the accompanying drawing illustrates the present invention for embodiment, and still, the present invention is not limited to following embodiments.
All softwares, raw and auxiliary material and the instrument selected in the present invention are all well known in the art selection, but do not limit this
The implementation of invention, some raw and auxiliary materials and instrument known to other field are applied both to the reality of the following implementation method of the present invention
It applies.
The software that verification test is related in the present invention: 3 d modeling software, commercialization welding Finite Element Simulation Software are
Simufact.welding。
The material that verification test is related in the present invention: Q345D steel plate, 304 stainless steel welding sticks can be bought from market and obtain
?.
The equipment that verification test is related in the present invention: solid state laser is the Nd:YAG solid for the HL4006D type that Germany produces
Laser.
A kind of embodiment one: method for building up of laser-arc hybrid welding in industry heat source model
To achieve the purpose of the present invention, present invention employs Nd:YAG laser-MIG electric arc complex welding methods to be tried
It tests, laser is continuous laser, is reached according to test requirements document using high-capacity optical fiber laser and digitlization pulse MIC welding gun cooperation
Composite welding purpose；Complete that heat source is mobile using KUKA robot, numerical control table, NC table controls the movement of workpiece；It is wanted according to test
It asks and devises the fixed workpiece of welding fixture to complete to weld, to provide a kind of laser-arc hybrid welding in industry heat source model
Method for building up, the step of specifically taking, are as follows:
(1) three-dimensional finite element mesh model is established:
The geometrical model for establishing workpiece in 3 d modeling software first is then introduced into grid dividing software and divides net
Lattice, trellis-type are hexahedral mesh, and wherein mesh-density is intensive close to grid at Weld pipe mill, dilute far from commissure grid
It dredges.
(2) heat source model is established:
Including establishing laser volumetric sources model and Goldak heat source model.
Initially set up laser volumetric sources model:
In formula 1-1, reAnd riRespectively heat source upper and lower surface radius；zeAnd ziThe respectively z coordinate of heat source upper and lower surface；H
For heat depth.
Next establishes Goldak heat source model:
Q in formula 1-2fAnd qrRespectively heat source front and rear part heat flux distribution function；af,ar,bhAnd chRespectively
The distribution parameter of Goldak heat source.
Finally two heat sources are combined, the power and distribution parameter of heat source model are adjusted separately after combination.
Power should meet after multi-heat source combination:
Φ=η1Φ1+η2Φ2
Formula 1-3
Φ is the general power of input in formula 1-3；Φ1For laser volumetric sources power；Φ2For Goldak power of heat source；η1For
Laser volumetric sources power efficiency coefficient；η2For Goldak power of heat source efficiency factor；
Distribution parameter adjustment mode:
The distribution parameter of laser volumetric sources should be suitable for the deep fusibleness of the electric arc combined weldering of laser-, and simulate obtain it is molten
Postwelding fusion penetration depth can be reached deeply, Goldak heat source distribution parameter should be suitable for the molten wide in the electric arc combined weldering of laser-, and
Postwelding molten wide width can be reached by simulating obtained molten wide, after fusion penetration and molten wide respectively reach requirement, then fine adjustments distribution
Parameter, so that the section of weld joint pattern that simulation obtains is more nearly with actual welds Cross Section Morphology, general requirement heat source model
Cross Section Morphology should be able to include entire molten bath, and size controls within the scope of molten bath is reasonable.
(3) it calculates and solves governing equation: the heat source model that step (2) is established is loaded into the model of step (1) foundation
On, while cast material attribute is assigned, according to actual setting boundary condition and control heat source position and movement, submit operation simultaneously
Export calculated result.
A kind of embodiment two: compliance test result experiment of the method for building up of laser-arc hybrid welding in industry heat source model
In the present embodiment, built-up welding is carried out in Q345D surface of steel plate using Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding, welding wire is 304 stainless steels
Welding wire, the step of specifically taking, are as follows:
(1) three-dimensional finite element mesh model is established:
Workpiece geometrical model is established by 3 d modeling software, is then introduced into grid dividing software and carries out grid dividing,
Grid dividing uses hexahedral element, while using intensive close to commissure, the separate sparse division mode in commissure, volume section
Point sum is 39325, and unit sum is 34560.
(2) grid model is imported into Simufact.welding software, establishes heat source model:
Heat source mould is established using a kind of method for building up of laser-arc hybrid welding in industry heat source model provided by the present invention
Type first adds laser volumetric sources and Goldak heat source model in a model, and the two is combined, and finally adjusts separately
The power and distribution parameter of heat source model are with the electric arc combined welding heat source of simulated laser-.
(3) it calculates and solves governing equation: the heat source model that step (2) is established is loaded into the model of step (1) foundation
On, while assigning cast material attribute, according to actual setting boundary condition and control heat source position and movement, wherein simulation with
Actual welding speed is 9mm/s, submits operation and exports calculated result.
(4) accuracy of result of the present invention, the section of weld joint pattern that simulation calculated result and practical postwelding are obtained are verified
It is compared, as seen in Figure 4, has been obtained with the electric arc combined weld seam similarity of practical laser-very using present invention simulation
High section of weld joint pattern, similarity have reached 91%.
In conclusion according to this test laser-electric arc combined weldering, the welding structure and welding material of workpiece, using this
The method for building up for inventing a kind of laser-arc hybrid welding in industry heat source model provided simulates it, establishes conjunction in the process
The model of reason, while the boundary condition etc. adapted to has been set according to actual conditions, finally calculates model, calculated result with
Test coincide well, therefore the present invention can be very good to realize the foundation of the electric arc combined welding heat source model of laser-, can contract
Short welding related practitioner's test period, reduce cost.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method for building up of laser-arc hybrid welding in industry heat source model, which is characterized in that the step of specifically taking is as follows:
(1) three-dimensional finite element mesh model is established:
The geometrical model for establishing workpiece in 3 d modeling software first is then introduced into grid division in grid dividing software, net
Lattice type is hexahedral mesh, and wherein mesh-density is intensive close to grid at Weld pipe mill, sparse far from commissure grid；
(2) heat source model is established:
Including establishing laser volumetric sources model and Goldak heat source model；
Initially set up laser volumetric sources model:
In formula 1-1, reAnd riRespectively heat source upper and lower surfaces radius；zeAnd ziThe respectively z coordinate of heat source upper and lower surfaces；H is
Heat depth；
Next establishes Goldak heat source model:
Q in formula 1-2fAnd qrRespectively heat source front and rear part heat flux distribution function；af,ar,bhAnd chRespectively Goldak heat
The distribution parameter in source.
Finally two heat sources are combined, are divided after combination2Not Tiao Zheng heat source model power and distribution parameter；
(3) it calculates and solves governing equation: the heat source model that step (2) is established being loaded on the model of step (1) foundation, together
When assign cast material attribute, according to actual setting boundary condition and control heat source position and movement, operation is submitted simultaneously to export
Calculated result.
2. a kind of method for building up of laser-arc hybrid welding in industry heat source model according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The power power of the heat source model meets condition are as follows:
Φ=η1Φ1+η2Φ2
Formula 1-3
Φ is the general power of input in formula 1-3；Φ1For laser volumetric sources power；Φ2For Goldak power of heat source；η1For laser
Volumetric sources power efficiency coefficient；η2For Goldak power of heat source efficiency factor.
3. a kind of method for building up of laser-arc hybrid welding in industry heat source model according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Specific step is as follows for the distribution parameter adjustment mode:
The distribution parameter of laser volumetric sources is suitable for the deep fusibleness of the electric arc combined weldering of laser-, and simulating obtained fusion penetration can
Reach postwelding fusion penetration depth, Goldak heat source distribution parameter is suitable for the molten wide in the electric arc combined weldering of laser-, and simulates and obtain
Molten wide can reach postwelding molten wide width, after fusion penetration and molten wide respectively reach requirement, then fine adjustments distribution parameter so that
It simulates obtained section of weld joint pattern to be more nearly with actual welds Cross Section Morphology, the Cross Section Morphology energy of general requirement heat source model
Comprising entire molten bath, size is controlled within the scope of molten bath is reasonable.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN109885946A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-06-14 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | A kind of method and welding analog method of the energy distribution of determining composite heat power supply |
| CN110889213A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-03-17 | 重庆理工大学 | Heat source welding simulation method based on slicing segmentation and carrier addition |
| CN113139314A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-20 | 四川大学 | Heat source numerical simulation method for laser additive manufacturing process |
| CN115121905A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-09-30 | 西南石油大学 | Finite element-based bimetal composite pipe welding residual stress prediction method |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109885946A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-06-14 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | A kind of method and welding analog method of the energy distribution of determining composite heat power supply |
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| CN110889213A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-03-17 | 重庆理工大学 | Heat source welding simulation method based on slicing segmentation and carrier addition |
| CN113139314A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-20 | 四川大学 | Heat source numerical simulation method for laser additive manufacturing process |
| CN113139314B (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2022-09-27 | 四川大学 | Heat source numerical simulation method for laser additive manufacturing process |
| CN115121905A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-09-30 | 西南石油大学 | Finite element-based bimetal composite pipe welding residual stress prediction method |
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Application publication date: 20190201 |