CN109297749A - A kind of drawing out soil equipment and method of water-retaining quantity among field of soil measurement - Google Patents

A kind of drawing out soil equipment and method of water-retaining quantity among field of soil measurement Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109297749A
CN109297749A CN201811337850.5A CN201811337850A CN109297749A CN 109297749 A CN109297749 A CN 109297749A CN 201811337850 A CN201811337850 A CN 201811337850A CN 109297749 A CN109297749 A CN 109297749A
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China
Prior art keywords
soil
cutting ring
loading plate
jack
field
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CN201811337850.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杨丹
罗清元
王欢
胡涛
王婉婉
刘丽娜
景晶
李贺丽
郭林
栾新强
王磊
秦童英
刘守东
宋金喜
闫素杰
张媛媛
许连波
刘志伟
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Priority to CN201811337850.5A priority Critical patent/CN109297749A/en
Publication of CN109297749A publication Critical patent/CN109297749A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/04Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
    • G01N1/08Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

The invention proposes the drawing out soil equipment and method of a kind of measurement of water-retaining quantity among field of soil, drawing out soil equipment includes loading plate, and the side of loading plate is provided with Qu Tu mechanism, and the other side is provided with the loading mechanism at the uniform velocity pushing loading plate and the movement of Qu Tu mechanism.The present invention pushes loading plate by loading mechanism, then by thrust in Qu Tu mechanism, so that Qu Tu mechanism at the uniform velocity enters in hard soil layer, while eliminating impact and overexerting the problem of causing soil compactness to change.

Description

A kind of drawing out soil equipment and method of water-retaining quantity among field of soil measurement
Technical field
The present invention relates to field capacity field of measuring technique, particularly relate to a kind of water-retaining quantity among field of soil measurement takes soil Device and method.
Background technique
The measurement of field capacity mainly includes taking soil, soil sample production, soil sample measurement experiment and calculating analysis, main at present Research concentrates on production and the measurement experiment device and method of soil sample, and just few to the research of drawing out soil equipment and method, and takes soil It is the premise and basis of field capacity measurement.
Field capacity measuring method has field test method and indoor measurement method, and field test method includes cell douche, Indoor measurement method is mainly core cutter method, but since the field test method course of work time is long, heavy workload, it is poor to permeability and The shallower plot of level of ground water does not have applicability, therefore taking for field capacity measurement native mainly uses ring in practical applications The skill in using a kitchen knife in cookery.
Core cutter method mainly takes excavation ditch, according to soil profile layer, successively takes soil, specific method from top to bottom Are as follows: cutting ring is blocked with handle, cutting ring is squeezed into each soil layer of 20cm, 40cm, 60cm using skin hammering hired roughneck's handle, meanwhile, Bu Nengyong Power is excessive, needs firmly uniformly slowly to squeeze into cutting ring in soil, keeps the original compactness of soil as far as possible.
Core cutter method takes soil to have the following problems: it is relatively easy that cutting ring squeezed into soil layer for soil property relatively soft sand, But the clay and loam harder to soil property, almost it is difficult to squeeze into soil layer, firmly uniform impact can not be achieved substantially, in this way The change that will cause soil compactness in cutting ring, causes experimental data to be distorted, currently without preferable solution.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes the drawing out soil equipment and method of a kind of water-retaining quantity among field of soil measurement, is pushed and is carried by loading mechanism Plate, then by thrust in Qu Tu mechanism, so that Qu Tu mechanism at the uniform velocity enters in hard soil layer, while eliminating impact and exerting oneself Suddenly the problem of causing soil compactness to change.
The technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows: a kind of drawing out soil equipment of water-retaining quantity among field of soil measurement, including hold Support plate, the side of loading plate are provided with Qu Tu mechanism, the other side be provided at the uniform velocity push loading plate and Qu Tu mechanism it is mobile plus Mounted mechanism.
Further, loading plate is disposed with multilayer Qu Tu mechanism from top to bottom, and every Ceng Qutu mechanism includes being located at together Multiple on one horizontal line take local soil type's part, and taking local soil type's part includes the cutting ring being laterally arranged and cutting ring sleeve, and cutting ring passes through cutting ring set Cylinder is connected with loading plate, and the one end of cutting ring far from cutting ring sleeve is blade end, is provided with the row matched with cutting ring on loading plate Stomata.
Further, loading plate sets gradually the Qu Tu mechanism that haves three layers, the axis of the gas vent of 3 Ceng Qutu mechanisms from top to bottom Distance at the top of linear distance loading plate is followed successively by 20cm, 40cm and 60cm from top to bottom.
Further, loading mechanism includes the jack being laterally arranged, and the lower end of jack is provided with jack bracket, and thousand Jin pushes up one end far from loading plate and is provided with jacking bracket, and the other end is provided with jack sleeve, and jack sleeve is far from thousand The one end on jin top is set to center of the loading plate far from cutting ring side.
Further, the lower end of loading plate is provided with pulley.
Further, loading plate is vertical steel plate.
Further, cutting ring is provided with buckle close to the two sides of cutting ring sleeve one end, and cutting ring sleeve includes outer cylinder, outer cylinder One end far from loading plate is provided with snap-gauge, and card slot is constituted between snap-gauge and outer cylinder, is provided on snap-gauge and cutting ring and buckle Matched open pore.
A kind of soil basketing method of water-retaining quantity among field of soil measurement, carries out water-retaining quantity among field of soil survey using above-mentioned drawing out soil equipment Fixed takes soil.
Further, a kind of soil basketing method of water-retaining quantity among field of soil measurement, comprising the following steps:
(1) ditch is excavated out in field to be measured, the height of pulley bottom is arrived at the top of the depth and loading plate of ditch It is identical;
(2) loading plate for installing cutting ring is placed into ditch, the top of loading plate is flushed with ground, by cutting ring Blade withstands the one side crater wall of heatable adobe sleeping platform, and jacking bracket is placed in opposite crater wall;
(3) jack is laterally disposed, and the mandril of jack is connected with jack sleeve, the bottom of jack and jack Support offsets;
(4) jack stretches, and at the uniform velocity cutting ring is pushed into soil by promotion loading plate, until cutting ring fully enters soil layer;
(5) jack is shunk, and loading plate is driven to take out cutting ring from soil, is then taken out from cutting ring sleeve and is filled soil Cutting ring.
Further, the length and width of ditch is identical in step (1), and is greater than the length of loading plate.
Further, the hole bottom of ditch and crater wall arrangement are smooth in step (1).
Beneficial effects of the present invention: present invention is mainly used for the clays and loam harder to soil property, carry out field capacity During the early period of measurement takes soil, using drawing out soil equipment and method of the invention, solve core cutter method during taking soil, because Soil property is harder, people limited strength, is difficult the problem of cutting ring is squeezed into soil layer using skin hammer, in addition, also solving according to previous The problem of taking the larger original compactness for changing soil layer of cubic metre of earth formula hitting dynamics, experimental data caused to be distorted, while this hair The bright sampling that can disposably complete multiple positions is avoided repeatedly taking and takes native error caused by soil without repeatedly being taken native operation.
The previous cutting ring that takes is directly to dig out cutting ring with spade, and the soil for being easily destroyed cutting ring tail portion causes soil in cutting ring Leakiness.The present invention takes cutting ring not only laborsaving but also preferably protects pedotheque by the equal power of jack.And it of the invention takes Native device is easy to disassemble, and the apparatus volume after disassembly reduces, transport convenient for loading and unloading.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of Qu Tu mechanism
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of cutting ring sleeve;
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of cutting ring;
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram that cutting ring and cutting ring sleeve are clamped.
Loading plate 1, cutting ring 2, cutting ring sleeve 3, gas vent 4, jack 5, jack bracket 6, jacking bracket 7 are very heavy Top cover cylinder 8, pulley 9, ditch 10, buckle 11, outer cylinder 12, snap-gauge 13, card slot 14.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other under that premise of not paying creative labor Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figs. 1-2, a kind of drawing out soil equipment of water-retaining quantity among field of soil measurement, including loading plate 1, loading plate 1 are perpendicular To steel plate, the side of loading plate 1 is provided with Qu Tu mechanism, and the other side, which is provided with, at the uniform velocity pushes loading plate 1 and Qu Tu mechanism to move Dynamic loading mechanism.
Loading plate 1 sets gradually the Qu Tu mechanism that haves three layers from top to bottom, and every Ceng Qutu mechanism includes 3 Ge Qu local soil type parts, takes soil Component includes the cutting ring 2 and cutting ring sleeve 3 being laterally arranged, and 3 one end of cutting ring sleeve is fixedly connected with loading plate 1, the other end and ring Knife 2 is clamped, and the one end of cutting ring 2 far from cutting ring sleeve 3 is blade, is provided with the gas vent 4 matched with cutting ring 2 on loading plate 1, Cutting ring 2, cutting ring sleeve 3 and gas vent 4 are coaxially set, 1 top of axial line distance loading plate of the gas vent 4 of 3 Ceng Qutu mechanisms Distance be followed successively by 20cm, 40cm and 60cm from top to bottom.The gas vent 4 of 3 Ge Qu local soil type parts of same layer is located at same level On line, one is located at horizontal center, other two is symmetrically disposed on the two sides of horizontal line center, i.e., 3 layers take Native mechanism constitutes rectangular array.
Loading mechanism includes the jack 5 being laterally arranged, and the lower end of jack 5 is provided with jack bracket 6, jack 5 One end far from loading plate 1 is bottom, and is provided with jacking bracket 7, and jacking bracket 7 is used to support jack 5 and laterally puts It sets, but is not fixedly connected in jacking bracket 7, the other end of jack 5 is mandril, and is connected with jack sleeve 8, thousand Center of the loading plate 1 far from 2 side of cutting ring is fixed in 8 one end far from jack 5 of jin top cover cylinder.
The mandril of jack 5 is rotatably to snap connection with cutting ring sleeve 3 with jack sleeve 8, cutting ring 2, the two card The structure for detaining connection is identical, and as in Figure 3-5, cutting ring 2 is provided with buckle 11, cutting ring close to one end two sides of cutting ring sleeve 3 Sleeve 3 includes outer cylinder 12, and outer cylinder 12 is fixedly connected with snap-gauge 13, shape between snap-gauge 13 and outer cylinder 12 far from one end of loading plate 1 At card slot 14, it is provided with the open pore to match with cutting ring 2 and buckle 11 on snap-gauge 13, cutting ring 2 and buckle 11 are passed through and opened Oral pore is placed in outer cylinder, is then rotated by 90 °, and buckle 11 is placed in card slot 14, and the card of cutting ring 2 Yu cutting ring sleeve 3 can be realized Button connection when needing to remove cutting ring 2, reversely rotates 90 degree, outer cylinder 12 is provided with close to one end of loading plate 1 and gas vent 4 ventholes matched.
The lower end of loading plate 1 is provided with pulley 9, takes to the center of 9 bottom level of pulley with 3 layers at the top of loading plate 1 The center for the rectangular array that native mechanism is constituted is identical, arrives 9 bottom of pulley at the top of the height and loading plate 1 of jacking bracket 7 Height it is identical.
A kind of soil basketing method of water-retaining quantity among field of soil measurement, carries out water-retaining quantity among field of soil survey using above-mentioned drawing out soil equipment Fixed takes soil, comprising the following steps:
(1) ditch 10 is excavated out in field to be measured, arrives 9 bottom of pulley at the top of the depth and loading plate 1 of ditch 10 Height it is identical;
(2) loading plate 1 for installing cutting ring 2 is placed into ditch 10, the top of loading plate 1 is flushed with ground, will The blade of cutting ring 2 withstands the one side crater wall of heatable adobe sleeping platform 10, and jacking bracket 7 is placed in opposite crater wall;
(3) jack 5 is laterally disposed, and the mandril of jack 5 and jack sleeve 8 are clamped, the bottom of jack 5 and thousand Jin topmast seat 7 offsets;
(4) start jack 5, cutting ring 2 is pushed into soil by the uniform velocity promotion loading plate 1, until cutting ring 2 fully enters soil layer;
(5) jack 5 is shunk, and is driven loading plate 1 to take out cutting ring 2 from soil, is then taken out and fill from cutting ring sleeve 3 The cutting ring 2 of soil, completion take soil.
After the completion of taking soil, the mandril of jack 5 and jack sleeve 8 are separated, the apparatus volume after disassembly reduces, convenient Handling transport.
Wherein, the length and width of step (1) ditch 10 is identical, and is greater than the length of loading plate 1, the hole of ditch 10 Bottom and crater wall arrange smooth.
The present invention is utilizing equipment and the material such as steel plate, jack 5, and the cutting ring 2 of soil will be taken to lay in a certain order It is fixed steel plate to be pushed by jack 5, then by thrust in cutting ring 2, cutting ring 2 is at the uniform velocity pushed into soil on the steel plate, so that Cutting ring 2 can smoothly enter into hard soil layer, cause the change of soil compactness at the same time it can also eliminate to strike to overexert, Specific embodiment is as follows:
Loading plate 1 is vertical steel plate, and the length and width of steel plate are respectively 70cm, with a thickness of 3mm, the side of steel plate on to Under, Qu Tu mechanism is set at 20cm, 40cm, 60cm at the top of steel plate respectively, the specific steps are as follows: at the top of steel plate For at 20cm, in one horizontal line of picture at 20cm below top, punished in horizontal line both ends distance steel edges of boards edge 15cm It is other to make a call to the gas vent 4 that a diameter is about 2cm, so that the air in cutting ring 2 is discharged when soil enters cutting ring 2, in horizontal line Center point out the gas vent 4 for making a call to that a diameter is about 2cm again, centered on gas vent 4, cutting ring 2 is consolidated by cutting ring sleeve 3 Due on steel plate, setting Qu Tu mechanism method is as above at 40cm and 60cm, finally, on steel plate points three layers fix 9 cutting rings 2 altogether.
It is respectively fixed with 9 bearing of pulley and pulley 9 at the edge of steel plate bottom and middle position, is pushed convenient for steel plate is mobile Cutting ring 2.It is highly 80cm to 9 bottom of pulley at the top of from steel plate, it is very heavy in center fixation of the steel plate far from 2 side of cutting ring Top cover cylinder 8, jack sleeve 8 are used to position and fix the mandril of jack 5.
Jack bracket 6, is placed in the lower end at the heavier position of jack 5, it is very heavy to play support by the laterally setting of jack 5 The effect on top 5, the jacking bracket 7 of long 80cm, wide 80cm and thickness 30cm are placed in 5 bottom of jack far from the side of steel plate, It is used to support 5 bottom stress of jack, pushes steel plate at the uniform velocity to move convenient for the mandril of jack 5.
Soil is taken the following steps are included: it is respectively the ditch 10 that 1m, depth are 80cm that (1), which excavates length and width, cheats bottom and crater wall as far as possible It arranges smooth;
(2) steel plate for having pulley 9 and the cutting ring 2 for being put into cutting ring sleeve 3 are put into togerther in hole, the top of steel plate It is flushed with ground, 92 blades of cutting ring withstand wherein one side crater wall, and jacking bracket 7 is placed crater wall over there;
(3) the front mandril of jack 5 is extruded into a part, is put into jack sleeve 8, does not stop to press jack 5 for thousand The bottom on jin top 5 is contacted with jacking bracket 7 and stress;
(4) jack 5 is finally pressed, cutting ring 2 is pushed into soil by the uniform velocity promotion steel plate, until 9 cutting rings 2 fully enter soil Layer;
(5) jack 5 is shunk, and steel plate is driven to take out cutting ring 2 from soil, is then taken out from cutting ring sleeve 3 and is filled soil The cutting ring 2 of earth, completion take soil.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of drawing out soil equipment of water-retaining quantity among field of soil measurement, it is characterised in that: including loading plate (1), the one of loading plate (1) Side is provided with Qu Tu mechanism, and the other side is provided with the loading mechanism at the uniform velocity pushing loading plate (1) and the movement of Qu Tu mechanism.
2. a kind of drawing out soil equipment of water-retaining quantity among field of soil measurement according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: loading plate (1) it is disposed with multilayer Qu Tu mechanism from top to bottom, every Ceng Qutu mechanism includes that multiple in same horizontal line take soil Component, taking local soil type's part includes the cutting ring (2) and cutting ring sleeve (3) being laterally arranged, and cutting ring (2) passes through cutting ring sleeve (3) and carrying Plate (1) is connected, and the one end of cutting ring (2) far from cutting ring sleeve (3) is blade end, is provided on loading plate (1) and matches with cutting ring (2) The gas vent (4) of conjunction.
3. a kind of drawing out soil equipment of water-retaining quantity among field of soil measurement according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: loading plate (1) the Qu Tu mechanism that haves three layers, axial line distance loading plate (1) top of the gas vent (4) of 3 Ceng Qutu mechanisms are set gradually from top to bottom The distance in portion is followed successively by 20cm, 40cm and 60cm from top to bottom.
4. a kind of drawing out soil equipment of water-retaining quantity among field of soil measurement according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: loading mechanism Including the jack (5) being laterally arranged, the lower end of jack (5) is provided with jack bracket (6), and jack (5) is far from carrying One end of plate (1) is provided with jacking bracket (7), and the other end is connected with jack sleeve (8), and jack sleeve (8) is set to Center of the loading plate (1) far from cutting ring (2) side.
5. a kind of drawing out soil equipment of water-retaining quantity among field of soil measurement according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: loading plate (1) lower end is provided with pulley (9).
6. a kind of drawing out soil equipment of water-retaining quantity among field of soil measurement according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: loading plate It (1) is vertical steel plate.
7. a kind of soil basketing method of water-retaining quantity among field of soil measurement, it is characterised in that: using described in one of claim 1-6 one The drawing out soil equipment of kind water-retaining quantity among field of soil measurement carries out taking soil.
8. a kind of soil basketing method of water-retaining quantity among field of soil measurement according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: including following Step:
(1) it is excavated out ditch (10) in field to be measured, arrives pulley (9) at the top of the depth of ditch (10) and loading plate (1) The height of bottom is identical;
(2) loading plate (1) for installing cutting ring (2) is placed into ditch (10), the top and ground of loading plate (1) are neat It is flat, the blade of cutting ring (2) is withstood to the one side crater wall of heatable adobe sleeping platform (10), jacking bracket (7) is placed in opposite crater wall;
(3) jack (5) is laterally disposed, and the mandril of jack (5) is connected with jack sleeve (8), the bottom of jack (5) It offsets with jacking bracket (7);
(4) jack (5) stretches, and cutting ring (2) are pushed into soil by the uniform velocity promotion loading plate (1), until cutting ring (2) fully enter soil Layer;
(5) jack (5) is shunk, and loading plate (1) is driven to take out cutting ring (2) from soil, is then taken out from cutting ring sleeve (3) Fill the cutting ring (2) of soil.
9. a kind of soil basketing method of water-retaining quantity among field of soil measurement according to claims 8, it is characterised in that: step (1) length and width of ditch (10) is identical in, and is greater than the length of loading plate (1).
10. a kind of soil basketing method of water-retaining quantity among field of soil measurement according to claims 8 or 9, it is characterised in that: The hole bottom of ditch (10) and crater wall arrange smooth in step (1).
CN201811337850.5A 2018-11-12 2018-11-12 A kind of drawing out soil equipment and method of water-retaining quantity among field of soil measurement Pending CN109297749A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112031762A (en) * 2020-10-20 2020-12-04 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 Sampling device and sampling method for soft rock zone in cavern

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CN207114216U (en) * 2017-08-31 2018-03-16 长安大学 A kind of cutting ring sampler
CN108036964A (en) * 2017-12-07 2018-05-15 浙江省化工工程地质勘察院 A kind of soil layering rapid sampling attachment and method
CN108332991A (en) * 2018-01-25 2018-07-27 温州诚力工程项目管理有限公司 A kind of cutting ring soil sampler
CN209182060U (en) * 2018-11-12 2019-07-30 罗清元 A kind of cutting ring soil sampler for the measurement of hydrology field capacity

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JP2007120165A (en) * 2005-10-28 2007-05-17 Daiwa House Ind Co Ltd Soil sampling device
CN205691358U (en) * 2016-06-03 2016-11-16 贵州大学 A kind of Novel field layer soil sampler
CN205941053U (en) * 2016-07-27 2017-02-08 北京双圆工程咨询监理有限公司 High -efficient convenient cutting ring device that fetches earth
CN206189376U (en) * 2016-10-13 2017-05-24 徐静 Highway is soil sampling device for engineering
CN206368705U (en) * 2016-12-26 2017-08-01 中德华建(北京)国际工程技术有限公司 The Soil K+adsorption cutting ring that fetches earth
CN206488949U (en) * 2017-03-01 2017-09-12 安徽理工大学 A kind of Soil K+adsorption drawing out soil equipment
CN206804321U (en) * 2017-05-31 2017-12-26 山西八建集团有限公司 Impact type cutting ring sampler
CN206832502U (en) * 2017-07-04 2018-01-02 吉林建筑大学城建学院 The static triarial test original position soil sampler of soil
CN207114216U (en) * 2017-08-31 2018-03-16 长安大学 A kind of cutting ring sampler
CN108036964A (en) * 2017-12-07 2018-05-15 浙江省化工工程地质勘察院 A kind of soil layering rapid sampling attachment and method
CN108332991A (en) * 2018-01-25 2018-07-27 温州诚力工程项目管理有限公司 A kind of cutting ring soil sampler
CN209182060U (en) * 2018-11-12 2019-07-30 罗清元 A kind of cutting ring soil sampler for the measurement of hydrology field capacity

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112031762A (en) * 2020-10-20 2020-12-04 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 Sampling device and sampling method for soft rock zone in cavern

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