CN109297031A - The pyrolysis plant of organic matter in the broken rear particle of waste and old lithium ion battery - Google Patents

The pyrolysis plant of organic matter in the broken rear particle of waste and old lithium ion battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109297031A
CN109297031A CN201811289141.4A CN201811289141A CN109297031A CN 109297031 A CN109297031 A CN 109297031A CN 201811289141 A CN201811289141 A CN 201811289141A CN 109297031 A CN109297031 A CN 109297031A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
cylinder
combustion chamber
burner hearth
pyrolysis plant
bearing bracket
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201811289141.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
薛辛
马成
朱龙冠
殷康健
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Zhuzhou Dingduan Equipment Co Ltd
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Zhuzhou Dingduan Equipment Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zhuzhou Dingduan Equipment Co Ltd filed Critical Zhuzhou Dingduan Equipment Co Ltd
Priority to CN201811289141.4A priority Critical patent/CN109297031A/en
Publication of CN109297031A publication Critical patent/CN109297031A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44Details; Accessories
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/54Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/84Recycling of batteries or fuel cells

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of pyrolysis plants of waste and old lithium ion battery organic matter in particle after broken, including combustion chamber and with the furnace body of burner hearth, burner hearth is equipped with feed inlet, discharge port and exhanst gas outlet, combustion chamber is connected with the fuel assembly for generating hot atmosphere in the combustion chamber, burner hearth and combustion chamber.The present invention has many advantages, such as feature of environmental protection height, and pyrolysis efficiency, pyrolysis uniformity and pyrolysis adequacy are good.

Description

The pyrolysis plant of organic matter in the broken rear particle of waste and old lithium ion battery
Technical field
The present invention relates to old and useless battery recycling equipment technical fields, and in particular to a kind of waste and old lithium ion battery is broken Afterwards in particle organic matter pyrolysis plant.
Background technique
It is mainly the electrolysis added in cell fabrication processes that lithium ion battery, which is crushed organic impurities in rear electrode material, Liquid, binder and diaphragm.The effect of battery electrolyte is to realize ionic conduction, and common electrolyte is DMC (dimethyl carbonic acid Salt)+LiPF6(lithium hexafluoro phosphate).The addition of binder is in order to guarantee the uniformity and safety when substance slurrying, to activity Cementation is played between material grains, on a current collector by active material bonding, is conducive to form SEI on carbon material surface Film;Common binder has: polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and polyene Hydro carbons etc..Currently, the lithium ion battery separator material of commercialization is mainly by monolayer polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) microporous membrane With three layers of microporous compound film of polypropylene, polyethylene/polypropylene (PP/PE/PP).
Electrolyte recovery difficult in waste and old lithium ion battery is big, at high cost, industrial non-recovery value, how without dirtization Processing is industrially to have to solve the problems, such as.Simultaneously as the binder of addition has stronger viscosity, broken electrode Material bonds on a current collector, if not handling binder, is unfavorable for the sorting recycling of later period material.Fibre diaphragm is mixed It is miscellaneous the techniques such as later period sorting, leaching, extraction also to be had an impact, it is therefore desirable to which that the equipment for developing a kind of high-efficiency environment friendly removes Organic matter after broken in particle.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, provides a kind of feature of environmental protection height, pyrolysis Efficiency, pyrolysis uniformity and the pyrolysis plant for being pyrolyzed organic matter in the broken rear particle of the good waste and old lithium ion battery of adequacy.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of waste and old lithium ion battery is crushed the pyrolysis plant of organic matter in rear particle, including combustion chamber and with the furnace of burner hearth Body, the burner hearth are equipped with feed inlet, discharge port and exhanst gas outlet, and the combustion chamber is connected with for generating hot gas in the combustion chamber The fuel assembly of atmosphere, the burner hearth and the combustion chamber.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme:
The furnace body includes cylinder, drive end bearing bracket and rear end cap, and the cylinder is rotatably installed on a chassis, and described Cylinder is connected with the rotate driving component for driving barrel body rotation, and the drive end bearing bracket and rear end cap are fixedly mounted on the chassis On, the drive end bearing bracket and rear end cap are respectively corresponded and are connect in a rotatable manner with the both ends of the cylinder, and cylinder, drive end bearing bracket and Rear end cap surrounds the burner hearth, and the pivot center of the cylinder extends obliquely downward arrangement along the direction of drive end bearing bracket to rear end cap, The feed inlet is set on drive end bearing bracket, and the discharge port and exhanst gas outlet are set on rear end cap.
The combustion chamber is connected to by the intercommunicating pore being set on drive end bearing bracket with burner hearth.
Angle between the pivot center and horizontal plane of the cylinder is 2 °~4 °.
Graphite-seal ring is equipped between the drive end bearing bracket and cylinder and between the rear end cap and cylinder.
The cylinder is rotatably installed on chassis by more than two rotating mechanisms, and the rotating mechanism includes The rolling ring being fixedly mounted on cylinder and the more than two carrying rollers being rotatably installed on chassis, the rolling ring can be rotated Be supported on more than two carrying rollers;The rotate driving component includes motor and speed reducer, the input of the speed reducer End connect with the output end of motor, the output end of the speed reducer pass through one of transmission mechanism and at least one rotating mechanism with Upper supporting roller is connected.
The cylinder includes inner cylinder and the outer cylinder that is set in outside inner cylinder, has been filled with guarantor between the inner barrel and outer barrel Warm layer.
The rear end cap is equipped with explosion proof door.
The fuel assembly includes for natural gas and air to be mixed to the burner for being passed through burning Indoor Combustion.
The furnace body is mounted in a seal box, and the seal box is connected with a negative suction system.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: pyrolysis plant of the invention at work, will give up from feed inlet Burner hearth is added in the broken particle of old lithium ion battery, generates hot atmosphere in the combustion chamber using fuel assembly, and hot atmosphere can be into Enter burner hearth to be contacted with particle to making particle be pyrolyzed, material of the flue gas that when pyrolysis generates by exhanst gas outlet discharge, after pyrolysis Then it is discharged by discharge port.Due to hot atmosphere can with the particle in burner hearth is full and uniform contacts, being greatly improved in particle has Pyrolysis efficiency, pyrolysis uniformity and the pyrolysis adequacy of machine object.And generated when can be in time pyrolyzed particle by exhanst gas outlet Fume centralized emission treatment, is not only conducive to the quality of particle after raising pyrolysis, and is conducive to improve the feature of environmental protection.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic view of the front view of pyrolysis plant.
Fig. 2 is the schematic cross-sectional view of cylinder.
Marginal data:
1, combustion chamber;2, furnace body;20, burner hearth;21, feed inlet;22, discharge port;23, exhanst gas outlet;201, cylinder;2011, interior Cylinder;2012, outer cylinder;2013, insulating layer;202, drive end bearing bracket;203, rear end cap;204, rolling ring;205, carrying roller;3, fuel assembly; 4, chassis.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the waste and old lithium ion battery of the present embodiment is crushed the pyrolysis plant of organic matter in rear particle, Including combustion chamber 1 and with the furnace body 2 of burner hearth 20, burner hearth 20 is equipped with feed inlet 21, discharge port 22 and exhanst gas outlet 23, combustion chamber 1 is connected with the fuel assembly 3 for generating hot atmosphere in combustion chamber 1, and burner hearth 20 is connected to combustion chamber 1.The pyrolysis plant exists When work, burner hearth 20 is added from feed inlet 21 by the broken particle of waste and old lithium ion battery, using fuel assembly 3 in combustion chamber Generate hot atmosphere in 1, hot atmosphere can enter burner hearth 20 and be contacted with particle so that particle be made to be pyrolyzed, and the flue gas that when pyrolysis generates passes through Exhanst gas outlet 23 is discharged, and the material after pyrolysis then passes through discharge port 22 and is discharged.Since hot atmosphere can be with the particle in burner hearth 20 Full and uniform contact is greatly improved the pyrolysis efficiency, pyrolysis uniformity and pyrolysis adequacy of organic matter in particle.And pass through cigarette The fume centralized emission treatment that gas outlet 23 generates when can in time be pyrolyzed particle is not only conducive to the product of particle after raising pyrolysis Matter, and be conducive to improve the feature of environmental protection.In addition, particle is handled in the burner hearth 20 of furnace body 2, the loss of heat can be reduced, improves heat Measure utilization rate.
In the present embodiment, furnace body 2 includes cylinder 201, drive end bearing bracket 202 and rear end cap 203, and cylinder 201 is in a rotatable manner It is mounted on a chassis 4, and cylinder 201 is connected with the rotate driving component for driving cylinder 201 to rotate, 202 He of drive end bearing bracket Rear end cap 203 is fixedly mounted on chassis 4, and drive end bearing bracket 202 and rear end cap 203 are respectively corresponded with the both ends of cylinder 201 can turn Flowing mode connection, and cylinder 201, drive end bearing bracket 202 and rear end cap 203 surround burner hearth 20, the pivot center of cylinder 201 is along drive end bearing bracket 202 extend obliquely downward arrangement to the direction of rear end cap 203, and feed inlet 21 is set on drive end bearing bracket 202, and discharge port 22 and flue gas go out Mouth 23 is set on rear end cap 203.This kind of furnace body 2 can be realized continuous pyrolysis particle, greatly improve production efficiency.Work When, it is rotated by rotate driving Component driver cylinder 201, constantly adds particle into burner hearth 20 from feed inlet 21, particle can be The slowly movement from feed inlet 21 to discharge port 22 in the burner hearth 20 for the furnace body 2 that pivot center is in tilted layout, and not from discharge port 22 Disconnected discharge, since hot atmosphere is constantly passed through burner hearth 20 by combustion chamber 1, in the process that particle is moved from feed inlet 21 to discharge port 22 In contacted with hot atmosphere completion pyrolysis.Also, cylinder 201 persistently rotates, and particle heating uniformity can be improved.
In the present embodiment, combustion chamber 1 is connected to by the intercommunicating pore being set on drive end bearing bracket 202 with burner hearth 20, in this way by burning The hot atmosphere that room 1 is passed through in burner hearth 20 can be contacted first with the particle for having just enter into burner hearth 20, then arrive rear end cap 203 along drive end bearing bracket 202 Direction movement gradually contacted with subsequent material, can be improved the temperature uniformity in entire burner hearth 20, can further mention Height pyrolysis efficiency, pyrolysis uniformity and pyrolysis adequacy.
In the present embodiment, the angle between the pivot center and horizontal plane of cylinder 201 is 2 °~4 °, which is conducive to more preferable Movement velocity of the control particle in burner hearth 20.
In the present embodiment, graphite is equipped between drive end bearing bracket 202 and cylinder 201 and between rear end cap 203 and cylinder 201 Sealing ring, graphite-seal ring being capable of the good gap sealed between drive end bearing bracket 202 and cylinder 201 and rear end caps 203 and cylinder Gap between body 201 prevents flue gas and dust leakage, and the feature of environmental protection is good, and graphite-seal ring high temperature resistant, long service life.
In the present embodiment, cylinder 201 is rotatably installed on chassis 4 by more than two rotating mechanisms, is rotated Mechanism includes the rolling ring 204 being fixedly mounted on cylinder 201 and more than two carrying rollers for being rotatably installed on chassis 4 205, rolling ring 204 is rotatably supported on more than two carrying rollers 205, to make cylinder 201 that can rotate on chassis 4;Rotation Driving assembly includes motor and speed reducer, and the input terminal of speed reducer and the output end of motor connect, and the output end of speed reducer passes through Transmission mechanism is connected with more than one carrying roller 205 of at least one rotating mechanism, and the torque of motor output passes through speed reducer and biography Motivation structure is transferred to carrying roller 205, rotates carrying roller 205, so that rolling ring 204 and cylinder 201 be driven to rotate, transmission mechanism be can be Chain-drive mechanism or tape handler.The rotating mechanism and rotate driving component of the present embodiment have structure it is simple, it is at low cost, Advantage stable and reliable in work, control is easy.
In the present embodiment, cylinder 201 includes inner cylinder 2011 and the outer cylinder 2012 being set in outside inner cylinder 2011, inner cylinder 2011 Insulating layer 2013 has been filled between outer cylinder 2012.This kind of cylinder 201 solves the problems, such as that 2 surface temperature of furnace body is excessively high, The temperature that 2 outer surface of furnace body can be reduced influences pyrolysis plant periphery working environment smaller.Preferably, above-mentioned inner cylinder 2011 is adopted It is made of 310S stainless steel, outer cylinder 2012 is made of 316L stainless steel, and insulating layer 2013 is made of insulation cotton.Burner hearth It is not provided with fireproof brick inner lining in 20, can avoid the powder that refractory brick falls off in pyrolytic process and electrode material purity is impacted.
In the present embodiment, rear end cap 203 is equipped with explosion proof door, and pressure is excessive in burner hearth 20 and is more than setup pressure value When, which can be rushed to open, and play the role of safeguard protection.
In the present embodiment, fuel assembly 3 includes being passed through the burning burnt in combustion chamber 1 for mixing natural gas and air Mouth, natural gas and air can generate a certain amount of carbon monoxide after being mixed and burned, form week reduction protective atmosphere, can make particle Object mutually do not change in pyrolytic process, meet particle pyrolysis requirement.The burner requires the flame stabilization generated, there is one Fixed wind loading rating;High combustion efficiency, combustion gas can be with completely burned, and the heat for discharging combustion gas is fully utilized; And burner is equipped with necessary automatic adjustment and automatic safety device.
In the present embodiment, furnace body 2 is mounted in a seal box, and seal box is connected with a negative suction system, and seal box can Prevent in production process flue gas and dust leakage into external environment, by negative suction system can by seal box flue gas and Dust extraction is focused on, and is realized without dirtyization processing, is improved the feature of environmental protection, such as can set flue gas and dust collection to environmental protection It is standby, it is discharged again after processing is up to standard.The negative suction system uses the prior art.
At work, the control of temperature in burner hearth 20 is at 400 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C, the cylinder of furnace body 2 for the pyrolysis plant of the present embodiment The control of 201 velocity of rotation of body guarantees residence time of the particle in burner hearth 20 in 40 ~ 70min in 1 ~ 5r/min.Preferably, hot Equipment is solved equipped with the temperature control device for detecting temperature in burner hearth 20, can promptly and accurately connect the pyrolysis of material in burner hearth 20 Temperature variations.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not limited merely to above-mentioned implementation Example.To those of ordinary skill in the art, obtained improvement and change in the case where not departing from the technology of the present invention concept thereof It changes and also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. the pyrolysis plant of organic matter in a kind of broken rear particle of waste and old lithium ion battery, it is characterised in that: including combustion chamber (1) With the furnace body (2) with burner hearth (20), the burner hearth (20) is equipped with feed inlet (21), discharge port (22) and exhanst gas outlet (23), The combustion chamber (1) is connected with the fuel assembly (3) for generating hot atmosphere in combustion chamber (1), the burner hearth (20) and institute State combustion chamber (1) connection.
2. pyrolysis plant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the furnace body (2) includes cylinder (201), drive end bearing bracket (202) and rear end cap (203), the cylinder (201) is rotatably installed on a chassis (4), and the cylinder (201) It is connected with the rotate driving component for driving cylinder (201) to rotate, the drive end bearing bracket (202) and the fixed peace of rear end cap (203) On the chassis (4), the drive end bearing bracket (202) and rear end cap (203) respectively correspond with the both ends of the cylinder (201) with Rotary way connection, and cylinder (201), drive end bearing bracket (202) and rear end cap (203) surround the burner hearth (20), the cylinder (201) pivot center extends obliquely downward arrangement, the feed inlet along the direction of drive end bearing bracket (202) to rear end cap (203) (21) it is set on drive end bearing bracket (202), the discharge port (22) and exhanst gas outlet (23) are set on rear end cap (203).
3. pyrolysis plant according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the combustion chamber (1) is by being set to drive end bearing bracket (202) On intercommunicating pore be connected to burner hearth (20).
4. pyrolysis plant according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the pivot center and horizontal plane of the cylinder (201) Between angle be 2 ° ~ 4 °.
5. pyrolysis plant according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: between the drive end bearing bracket (202) and cylinder (201) with And graphite-seal ring is equipped between the rear end cap (203) and cylinder (201).
6. pyrolysis plant according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the cylinder (201) passes through more than two rotating machines Structure is rotatably installed on chassis (4), and the rotating mechanism includes the rolling ring being fixedly mounted on cylinder (201) (204) it is rotatably propped up with more than two carrying rollers (205) for being rotatably installed on chassis (4), the rolling ring (204) It holds on more than two carrying rollers (205);The rotate driving component includes motor and speed reducer, the input of the speed reducer End connect with the output end of motor, the output end of the speed reducer pass through one of transmission mechanism and at least one rotating mechanism with Upper supporting roller (205) is connected.
7. pyrolysis plant according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the cylinder (201) includes inner cylinder (2011) and set It is located at the external outer cylinder (2012) of inner cylinder (2011), has been filled with insulating layer between the inner cylinder (2011) and outer cylinder (2012) (2013).
8. pyrolysis plant according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the rear end cap (203) is equipped with explosion proof door.
9. pyrolysis plant according to any one of claim 1 to 8, it is characterised in that: the fuel assembly (3) includes using The interior burner to burn in combustion chamber (1) is passed through in mixing natural gas and air.
10. pyrolysis plant according to any one of claim 1 to 8, it is characterised in that: the furnace body (2) is mounted on one In seal box, the seal box is connected with a negative suction system.
CN201811289141.4A 2018-10-31 2018-10-31 The pyrolysis plant of organic matter in the broken rear particle of waste and old lithium ion battery Pending CN109297031A (en)

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CN201811289141.4A CN109297031A (en) 2018-10-31 2018-10-31 The pyrolysis plant of organic matter in the broken rear particle of waste and old lithium ion battery

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2436876Y (en) * 2000-08-03 2001-06-27 王学江 Environment protection descaling boiler
CN201513896U (en) * 2009-10-15 2010-06-23 湖南邦普循环科技有限公司 Waste battery heat treatment system
CN102712846A (en) * 2009-07-14 2012-10-03 C20技术有限责任公司 Process for treating coal by removing volatile components
CN103247837A (en) * 2013-05-08 2013-08-14 国家电网公司 Method for treating waste lithium battery by microwave pyrolysis
CN209355265U (en) * 2018-10-31 2019-09-06 株洲鼎端装备股份有限公司 The pyrolysis plant of organic matter in the broken rear particle of waste and old lithium ion battery

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2436876Y (en) * 2000-08-03 2001-06-27 王学江 Environment protection descaling boiler
CN102712846A (en) * 2009-07-14 2012-10-03 C20技术有限责任公司 Process for treating coal by removing volatile components
CN201513896U (en) * 2009-10-15 2010-06-23 湖南邦普循环科技有限公司 Waste battery heat treatment system
CN103247837A (en) * 2013-05-08 2013-08-14 国家电网公司 Method for treating waste lithium battery by microwave pyrolysis
CN209355265U (en) * 2018-10-31 2019-09-06 株洲鼎端装备股份有限公司 The pyrolysis plant of organic matter in the broken rear particle of waste and old lithium ion battery

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