CN109293385A - A kind of fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN109293385A
CN109293385A CN201811326800.7A CN201811326800A CN109293385A CN 109293385 A CN109293385 A CN 109293385A CN 201811326800 A CN201811326800 A CN 201811326800A CN 109293385 A CN109293385 A CN 109293385A
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fiber
preparation
fabric
ceramic matrix
reinforced ceramic
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CN109293385B (en
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周军
葛海燕
张敬义
张大海
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China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology CALT
Aerospace Research Institute of Materials and Processing Technology
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Aerospace Research Institute of Materials and Processing Technology
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    • C04B35/803
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    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/14Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silica
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/622Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/50Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
    • C04B2235/52Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
    • C04B2235/5208Fibers
    • C04B2235/5212Organic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/50Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
    • C04B2235/52Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
    • C04B2235/5208Fibers
    • C04B2235/5216Inorganic
    • C04B2235/522Oxidic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/50Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
    • C04B2235/52Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
    • C04B2235/5208Fibers
    • C04B2235/5216Inorganic
    • C04B2235/524Non-oxidic, e.g. borides, carbides, silicides or nitrides

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites, which is dielectric gradient tapered integration structure.The invention also discloses a kind of preparation methods of fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites, this method knits out the fabric precast body of organic fiber concentration gradients distribution in such a way that inorganic wave transparent fiber and organic fiber are combineeed by different proportion, organic fiber content are gradually increased from outer fabric layer inner layer during weaving textile, heat treatment then, which is carried out, after the prefabricated body circulation dipping silica solution of fabric reaches certain density completely removes organic fiber, make composite inner density distribution gradient, to achieve the effect that dielectric gradient gradual change.Fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites excellent combination property of the present invention, while having the function of wideband wave transparent, high temperature resistant, carrying, the resistance to ablation of outer layer etc.;Preparation method of the invention makes the enhancing fabric continuous structure of composite inner, avoid it is traditional it is multi-layer bonded caused by the low problem of high temperature reliability.

Description

A kind of fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wideband wave transparent dielectric gradient tapered integration fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites and its systems Preparation Method belongs to technical field of composite materials.
Background technique
Wide-frequency wave-transparent composite material mainly uses multilayer organic media (covering, low density foam or honeycomb sandwich layer etc.) at present Combined sandwich is limited by organic material high temperature resistance, is not used to 600 DEG C or more of applied at elevated temperature environment, is needed Upgrade to the better inorganic of high temperature resistance.
Currently, the multiple layer combination mode of the research over-borrowing mirror organic interlayer structure of inorganic wideband electromagnetic wave transparent material, is developed with stone Low-density inorganic dielectric material based on English, silicon nitride, aluminium oxide, mullite etc. is as low dielectric sandwich layer, with high-intensitive, resistance to burning Erosion, it is oxidation resistant compared with densified thin layer be used as covering, substitution organic media, to improve the use temperature of wideband electromagnetic wave transparent material, but this The wideband wave transparent limited capacity of the simple three-decker of kind, is difficult to meet high-temperature wide-frequency wave transparent needs.And between layers one As connected using binder, there are high temperature conjunction reliability and thermal stress matching problem, phenomena such as being easy to appear layering, deformation. To avoid multilayer connectivity problem, need to prepare integrated composite material.
Dielectric gradient grading structure based on Chebyshev polynomials is a kind of transparent structure of excellent combination property, material Outer layer density highest is high dielectric layer and bearing bed, has the function of carrying, impact resistance, wave transparent etc., inwards from outer surface, Graded dielectric constant distribution, is gradually reduced, and entire material structure is made to have excellent wideband wave transparent performance.It makes pottery for fiber reinforcement Porcelain based composites, how to prepare the integrated composite with dielectric gradient grading structure is a great problem.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites, which has dielectric gradient Tapered integration structure and wideband wave transparent performance are, it can be achieved that the functions such as high temperature resistant, resistance to ablation, high-mechanic.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a kind of preparation methods of above-mentioned fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites, make The enhancing fabric of composite inner is continuous structure, avoid it is traditional it is multi-layer bonded caused by high temperature reliability is low asks Topic.
What above-mentioned purpose of the invention was mainly achieved by following technical solution:
The present invention provides a kind of fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites, are dielectric gradient tapered integration structure.
Fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites according to the present invention, outermost layer dielectric constant is 3~5, from extroversion Interior dielectric constant is gradually decremented to 1.4~2.0.
Fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites according to the present invention, transmitance are reachable in 80% or more wave frequency section 10GHz or more.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of above-mentioned fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites comprising following step It is rapid:
(1) inorganic wave transparent fiber and organic fiber are combineeed by different proportion, it is different forms a variety of organic fiber contents Twisted fiber beam;
(2) the prefibers beam is compiled in such a way that outer fabric layer inner layer organic fiber content gradually increases It knits, forms the fabric precast body of organic fiber content gradient distribution;
(3) the fabric precast body is impregnated into silica solution, after reaching certain density, carries out heat treatment removal organic fiber, Obtain the fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites, inorganic wave transparent fiber described in step (1) It is fine selected from quartz fibre, silicon nitride fiber, mullite fiber, alumina fibre, silicon boron nitrogen fiber, boron nitride fiber or high silicon oxygen At least one of dimension.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites, organic fiber described in step (1) is selected from At least one of nylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, terylene, acrylic fibers or aramid fiber.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites, the organic fiber twist with it is described inorganic Wave transparent fiber is consistent.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites, plying described in step (1) is certain The inorganic wave transparent fiber and organic fiber of ratio are plied to mass of fibers, contain a certain proportion of inorganic wave transparent fibre in every bundle fiber Peacekeeping organic fiber.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites, in twisted fiber beam described in step (1) The content of organic fiber is 0~90wt%.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites, dipping silica solution described in step (3) is It is dried after the fabric precast body is impregnated silica solution, and repeated impregnations and drying steps 1~5 time.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites, dipping silica solution described in step (3) is The fabric precast body is integrally immersed in the impregnating autoclave containing silica solution, impregnating autoclave is then sealed and is evacuated to vacuum degree It is -0.06 to -0.1MPa, keeps 60~120min after reaching target vacuum, the intake valve of impregnating autoclave is opened after pressure maintaining Restore to normal pressure, takes out fabric.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites, the fabric precast body after impregnating silica solution is 70 It is dried 300~600min at a temperature of~90 DEG C, is then warming up to and continues 60~180min of drying process at 100~150 DEG C.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites, density described in step (3) is 1.5g/ cm3~2.0g/cm3;The temperature of the heat treatment is 600~800 DEG C, and the time is 120~300min, and processing atmosphere is flowing Air will handle atmosphere in last 30~60min of the heat treatment and be changed to flowing oxygen.
The technical principle of the preparation method of above-mentioned fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites are as follows:
(1) for the electromagnetic wave transparent material of specific materials, for dielectric constant mainly by density domination, density is lower, and dielectric constant is got over It is small, therefore, by realizing density gradient distribution, it can be achieved that dielectric constant gradient gradual change;
(2) thinking that organic fiber is distributed as pore creating material realization density gradient is used for the first time in field of compound material, Organic fiber is introduced in the braiding process of inorganic wave transparent fabric precast body, the accurate organic fiber that controls is in fabric construction Distribution and ratio, make organic fiber content distribution gradient in the fabric, gradually increase from outer layer to internal layer;
(3) fill silica substrate uniformly to introduce silica as matrix fabric circulation dipping silica solution In the fabric;Drying Absent measures drying temperature after impregnating be no more than 150 DEG C, avoid organic fiber in this process by It removes;Repeated several times dipping and drying process, make fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites reach certain density;
(4) fabric dipping silica solution is compound reach required density after, it is by high-temperature heat treatment dumping that organic fiber is complete Full removal, achievees the purpose that pore-creating, accurately to control the Density Distribution in fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) compared with organic wideband electromagnetic wave transparent material, the present invention prepares the ceramic base wideband electromagnetic wave transparent material without organic matter, The use temperature of wideband electromagnetic wave transparent material can be made to be increased to 1000 DEG C or more from 500 DEG C or less;
(2) dielectric gradient fade effect is realized in present invention success in fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites, and outermost layer is situated between Electric constant is 3~5, and dielectric constant is gradually decremented to 1.4~2.0 from outside to inside;
(3) fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites of the invention is wide compared with traditional fibre enhances ceramic matric composite Frequency wave transparent performance is substantially improved, transmitance 80% or more frequency range up to 10GHz or more;
(4) preparation method of the present invention can prepare integrated composite material, and the enhancing fabric of composite inner is to connect Continuous structure, reliability is very high, can use when 1000 DEG C or more high temperature are long, and avoiding traditional multi-layer bonded caused high temperature can By the low problem of property;
(5) the fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites outer layer density that the present invention prepares reaches as high as 1.8g/cm3More than, Mechanical property and ablation resistance are excellent.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the fabric precast body schematic diagram of fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites preparation method flow chart of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites cross-section photograph of embodiment 1 (density is gradually reduced from top to bottom).
Fig. 4 is the fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites of embodiment 1 and the wave transmitance comparison diagram of traditional homogeneous material.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments:
It is illustrated in figure 2 fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites preparation method flow chart of the invention, is specifically included as follows Step:
(1), a certain proportion of inorganic wave transparent fiber and organic fiber are combineeed, formation twisted fiber beam, in every bundle fiber Containing a certain proportion of inorganic wave transparent fiber and organic fiber, organic fiber content is from 0% to 90%.Inorganic wave transparent fiber is optional It is fine to select quartz fibre, silicon nitride fiber, mullite fiber, alumina fibre, silicon boron nitrogen fiber, boron nitride fiber or high silicon oxygen Dimension.The fibers such as nylon, polyethylene, polypropylene, terylene, acrylic fibers or aramid fiber may be selected in organic fiber
(2), stereo fabric is woven using the twisted fiber beam of above-mentioned different organic fiber ratios, from outer fabric layer when braiding Inner layer is gradually woven using the higher and higher fibre bundle of organic fiber ratio, so that organic fiber content is divided in gradient Cloth;
(3), fabric precast body is integrally immersed in the silica solution in impregnating autoclave, then seal impregnating autoclave and be evacuated to true Reciprocal of duty cycle is -0.06 to -0.1MPa, reaches and keeps 60~120min after target vacuum, opened after pressure maintaining impregnating autoclave into Air valve restores to normal pressure, takes out fabric.Fabric after dipping is dried 300~600min at a temperature of 70~90 DEG C, is connect Be warming up to and continue 60~180min of drying process at 100~150 DEG C.Repeat above-mentioned dipping and drying steps 1~5 time
(4), heat treatment is carried out after fabric circulation dipping silica solution reaches certain density and completely remove organic fiber, with reality The purpose of existing composite density gradient.Heat treating regime is that heating temperature is 600~800 DEG C, and the heating and thermal insulation time is 120~300min, atmosphere are moving air, and the last 30~60min of holding stage is changed to flowing oxygen.
Fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites prepared by the present invention has dielectric gradient tapered integration structure, and outermost layer is situated between Electric constant is 3~5, and dielectric constant is gradually decremented to 1.4~2.0 from outside to inside;The material has excellent wideband wave transparent performance, Transmitance 80% or more frequency range up to 10GHz or more.
In order to keep the present invention easier to understand, below in conjunction with embodiment and attached drawing, the present invention will be described in detail, these Embodiment only serves illustrative, it is not limited to application range of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites is prepared according to preparation method flow chart shown in Fig. 2, is included the following steps:
(1) the identical quartz fibre of the twist and nylon fiber are combineeed by different proportion, forms a variety of organic fiber contents Different twisted fiber beams;Wherein, the organic fiber content in twisted fiber beam be respectively 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%.
(2) fiber for successively using organic fiber ratio higher and higher from outer fabric layer inner layer above-mentioned twisted fiber beam Shu Jinhang braiding, obtains the fabric precast body having a size of 400 × 300 × 10mm.
(3) fabric precast body is integrally immersed in the silica solution in impregnating autoclave, then seal impregnating autoclave and be evacuated to true Reciprocal of duty cycle is -0.1MPa, keeps 60min after reaching target vacuum, and the intake valve that impregnating autoclave is opened after pressure maintaining restores to normal Pressure takes out fabric.Fabric after dipping is dried 600min at a temperature of 70 DEG C, is then warming up to and continues to do at 100 DEG C Dry processing 180min.It after repeating above-mentioned dipping and drying steps 3 times, is heat-treated, the temperature of heat treatment is 600 DEG C, the time For 120min, processing atmosphere is moving air, will handle atmosphere in the last 30min of heat treatment and is changed to flowing oxygen.Finally Enhance ceramic matric composite to density and the integrated fiber of dielectric gradient gradual change.
It is 3.3 that the material outermost layer, which is dielectric constant, and dielectric constant is gradually decremented to 1.4 from outside to inside.
The composite material of embodiment preparation is as shown in figure 3, from figure 3, it can be seen that the material is close from outer layer to internal layer Degree is gradually reduced, i.e., the dielectric constant from outer layer to internal layer is gradually reduced, and the integral structure of dielectric gradient gradual change is presented.The reality The wave transmitance for applying the composite material of example preparation is as shown in Figure 4, it can be seen that compared with traditional homogeneous material, of the invention is answered Condensation material have excellent wideband wave transparent performance, transmitance 80% or more frequency range up to 10GHz or more.
Embodiment 2
Fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites is prepared according to preparation method flow chart shown in Fig. 2, is included the following steps:
(1) silicon nitride fiber and polyethylene fibre of equal no twist are combineeed by different proportion, forms a variety of organic fibers The different twisted fiber beam of content;Wherein, the organic fiber content in twisted fiber beam be respectively 0%, 5%, 10%, 16%, 24%, 34%, 46%, 60%, 76%, 94%.
(2) fiber for successively using organic fiber ratio higher and higher from outer fabric layer inner layer above-mentioned twisted fiber beam Shu Jinhang braiding, changes a kind of twisted fiber beam every two layers, obtains the fabric precast body having a size of 200 × 200 × 18mm.
(3) fabric precast body is integrally immersed in the silica solution in impregnating autoclave, then seal impregnating autoclave and be evacuated to true Reciprocal of duty cycle be -0.06MPa, keep 120min after reaching target vacuum, after pressure maintaining open impregnating autoclave intake valve restore to Normal pressure takes out fabric.Fabric after dipping is dried 300min at a temperature of 90 DEG C, is then warming up to and continues at 150 DEG C It is dried 60min.It after repeating above-mentioned dipping and drying steps 5 times, is heat-treated, the temperature of heat treatment is 800 DEG C, the time For 300min, processing atmosphere is moving air, will handle atmosphere in the last 60min of heat treatment and is changed to flowing oxygen.Finally Enhance ceramic matric composite to density and the integrated fiber of dielectric gradient gradual change.
It is 4.5 that the material outermost layer, which is dielectric constant, and dielectric constant is gradually decremented to 1.7 from outside to inside.
Embodiment 3
Fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites is prepared according to preparation method flow chart shown in Fig. 2, is included the following steps:
(1) the identical alumina fibre of the twist and polypropylene fibre are combineeed by different proportion, forms a variety of organic fibers The different twisted fiber beam of content;Wherein, the organic fiber content in twisted fiber beam be respectively 0%, 15%, 30%, 45%, 60%, 75%, 90%.
(2) fiber for successively using organic fiber ratio higher and higher from outer fabric layer inner layer above-mentioned twisted fiber beam Shu Jinhang braiding, every three layers are changed a kind of twisted fiber beam, obtain the fabric precast body having a size of 300 × 150 × 15mm.
(3) fabric precast body is integrally immersed in the silica solution in impregnating autoclave, then seal impregnating autoclave and be evacuated to true Reciprocal of duty cycle is -0.08MPa, keeps 90min after reaching target vacuum, and the intake valve that impregnating autoclave is opened after pressure maintaining restores to normal Pressure takes out fabric.Fabric after dipping is dried 420min at a temperature of 80 DEG C, is then warming up to and continues to do at 120 DEG C Dry processing 120min.It after repeating above-mentioned dipping and drying steps 1 time, is heat-treated, the temperature of heat treatment is 700 DEG C, the time For 180min, processing atmosphere is moving air, will handle atmosphere in the last 45min of heat treatment and is changed to flowing oxygen.Finally Enhance ceramic matric composite to density and the integrated fiber of dielectric gradient gradual change.
It is 5 that the material outermost layer, which is dielectric constant, and dielectric constant is gradually decremented to 2 from outside to inside.
Embodiment 4
Fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites is prepared according to preparation method flow chart shown in Fig. 2, is included the following steps:
(1) the identical mullite fiber of the twist and aramid fiber are combineeed by different proportion, forms a variety of organic fibers and contains Measure different twisted fiber beams;Wherein, the organic fiber content in twisted fiber beam be respectively 0%, 6%, 12%, 18%, 24%, 30%, 36%, 42%, 48%, 54%, 60%, 66%, 72%, 78%, 84%, 90%.
(2) fiber for successively using organic fiber ratio higher and higher from outer fabric layer inner layer above-mentioned twisted fiber beam Shu Jinhang braiding, obtains the fabric precast body having a size of 280 × 120 × 12mm.
(3) fabric precast body is integrally immersed in the silica solution in impregnating autoclave, then seal impregnating autoclave and be evacuated to true Reciprocal of duty cycle be -0.09MPa, keep 100min after reaching target vacuum, after pressure maintaining open impregnating autoclave intake valve restore to Normal pressure takes out fabric.Fabric after dipping is dried 480min at a temperature of 80 DEG C, is then warming up to and continues at 150 DEG C It is dried 120min.After repeating above-mentioned dipping and drying steps 4 times, it is heat-treated, the temperature of heat treatment is 800 DEG C, when Between be 180min, processing atmosphere be moving air, heat treatment last 60min by handle atmosphere be changed to flow oxygen.Finally Obtain the integrated fiber enhancing ceramic matric composite of density and dielectric gradient gradual change.
It is 4.6 that the material outermost layer, which is dielectric constant, and dielectric constant is gradually decremented to 1.8 from outside to inside.
The above, optimal specific embodiment only of the invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, In the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by anyone skilled in the art, It should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Content that description in the present invention is not described in detail belongs to professional and technical personnel in the field's well-known technique.

Claims (12)

1. a kind of fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites, which is characterized in that the material is dielectric gradient tapered integration structure.
2. fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fiber reinforced ceramic-base Composite material outermost layer dielectric constant is 3~5, and dielectric constant is gradually decremented to 1.4~2.0 from outside to inside.
3. fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the fiber reinforcement pottery Porcelain based composites transmitance 80% or more wave frequency section up to 10GHz or more.
4. a kind of preparation method of fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites of any of claims 1-3 comprising such as Lower step:
(1) inorganic wave transparent fiber and organic fiber are combineeed by different proportion, forms the different plying of a variety of organic fiber contents Fibre bundle;
(2) the prefibers beam is woven in such a way that outer fabric layer inner layer organic fiber content gradually increases, Form the fabric precast body of organic fiber content gradient distribution;
(3) the fabric precast body is impregnated into silica solution, after reaching certain density, carries out heat treatment removal organic fiber, obtain The fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites.
5. the preparation method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that inorganic wave transparent fiber described in step (1) is selected from In quartz fibre, silicon nitride fiber, mullite fiber, alumina fibre, silicon boron nitrogen fiber, boron nitride fiber or high silica fiber At least one.
6. the preparation method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that organic fiber described in step (1) be selected from nylon, At least one of polyethylene, polypropylene, terylene, acrylic fibers or aramid fiber.
7. the preparation method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the organic fiber twist and the inorganic wave transparent Fiber is consistent.
8. the preparation method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that plying described in step (1) is certain proportion Inorganic wave transparent fiber and organic fiber be plied to mass of fibers, it is fine containing a certain proportion of inorganic wave transparent in every beam twisted fiber Peacekeeping organic fiber, wherein the content of the organic fiber is 0~90wt%.
9. the preparation method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that dipping silica solution described in step (3) is institute It is dried after stating fabric precast body dipping silica solution, and repeated impregnations and drying steps 1~5 time.
10. the preparation method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that dipping silica solution described in step (3) is institute Fabric precast body is stated integrally to immerse in the impregnating autoclave containing silica solution, then seal impregnating autoclave and be evacuated to vacuum degree be- 0.06 to -0.1MPa, 60~120min is kept after reaching target vacuum, the intake valve that impregnating autoclave is opened after pressure maintaining restores To normal pressure, fabric is taken out.
11. preparation method according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the drying is the fabric after dipping 70 It is dried 300~600min at a temperature of~90 DEG C, is then warming up to and continues 60~180min of drying process at 100~150 DEG C.
12. the preparation method according to any one of claim 4-11, which is characterized in that density described in step (3) For 1.5g/cm3~2.0g/cm3;The temperature of the heat treatment is 600~800 DEG C, and the time is 120~300min, handles atmosphere For moving air, atmosphere will be handled in last 30~60min of the heat treatment and is changed to flowing oxygen.
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CN110078517A (en) * 2019-04-11 2019-08-02 山东工业陶瓷研究设计院有限公司 A kind of shuffling fiber reinforcement nitride ceramic composites antenna house and preparation method thereof
CN111410549A (en) * 2020-04-10 2020-07-14 航天材料及工艺研究所 High-temperature-resistant low-thermal-conductivity heat-insulation wave-transmitting material and preparation method thereof
CN113307643A (en) * 2021-06-02 2021-08-27 中国航空制造技术研究院 SiC based on one-way beltfPreparation method of/SiC composite material
CN114072370A (en) * 2019-09-20 2022-02-18 阿塞尔桑电子工业及贸易股份公司 Method for producing a functionally graded structure from continuous ceramic filaments
CN116529224A (en) * 2020-12-23 2023-08-01 阿塞尔桑电子工业及贸易股份公司 Manufacture of RF transparent ceramic composite structures by composition fractionation

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