CN109293086B

CN109293086B - High-frequency concentrated water treatment system for quality-divided salt

Info

Publication number: CN109293086B
Application number: CN201811212626.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 权秋红; 张建飞; 石维平; 张普寨
Original assignee: Bestter Group Co ltd
Current assignee: Bestter Group Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-10-17
Filing date: 2018-10-17
Publication date: 2021-08-24
Anticipated expiration: 2038-10-17
Also published as: CN109293086A

Abstract

A high-frequency concentrated water treatment system of salt with poor quality, include at least one compartment used for carrying on concentrating or desalination to the influent water that is limited by filter membrane and first outer cover, in the condition of the increase or reduction of the influent water flowrate and/or displacement flowrate on the basis of the compartment so that form the pressure difference in the flow direction of influent water, first area and said second area can be according to the way of rotating around their own pin joint according to increasing or reducing the distance between each other and making the filter membrane set up in the second outer cover obliquely according to the pressure difference at least, wherein, the influent water washes the filter membrane in the inclined state according to forming the turbulent flow mode on the basis of the pressure difference in order to inhibit scaling. The invention can enable the filtering membrane to be in an inclined state based on the action of pressure difference, and can wash the surface of the filtering membrane to effectively inhibit the scaling of the filtering membrane by matching with turbulent flow generated in the compartment.

Description

High-frequency concentrated water treatment system for quality-divided salt

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of water treatment, and particularly relates to a quality-classified salt high-frequency concentrated water treatment system.

Background

The vibrating membrane filtration is to generate high shearing force on the surface of the filtering membrane through mechanical high-frequency vibration, so that the problems of membrane performance change such as membrane pollution, blockage and the like of the existing static membrane separation technology can be effectively solved, the filtration efficiency is greatly increased, the cleaning period of the membrane is reduced, and the service life of the membrane is prolonged. The vibration of the filter membrane is often achieved based on mechanical means, ultrasonic means or overclocking means, and the resulting vibration pattern is usually two-dimensional. For example, in the case of a flat filter membrane, a single two-dimensional vibration can be generated by mechanical means in a rotating or reciprocating manner. The vibration of the filtering membrane cannot completely prevent the adhesion and growth of the scaling substances thereon, and a single two-dimensional movement mode cannot effectively remove the scaling substances in different growth modes based on the complexity of the scaling substance growth. For example, the foulants on the flat filter membrane may grow in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the filter membrane or in a direction parallel to the surface of the filter membrane based on a manner similar to crystallization or nucleation, and in the case where the foulants grow in a direction parallel to the surface of the filter membrane, effective cleaning of the foulants cannot be achieved with the reciprocating motion.

Patent document No. CN105709602A discloses an axial vibration flat membrane device capable of improving membrane flux and effectively controlling membrane fouling, which is characterized in that the direction of vertical vibration is always kept parallel to the surface of the membrane by the shear force generated on the membrane surface by vertical rapid vibration. Patent document No. CN107376652A discloses an iso-shear vibration membrane device capable of stably controlling membrane fouling, in which the generation direction of shear force is always kept parallel to the surface of a filtration membrane by the iso-shear action generated on the membrane surface by uniform rotary motion. Both the two modes generate single-direction vibration on the filtering membrane through a single vibration mode, the effect of inhibiting the scaling of the filtering membrane can be achieved to a certain extent, in order to ensure that the filtering membrane has lower cleaning frequency, the water quality of inlet water needs to have strict requirements, and under the condition that large granular substances or small and easily-adhered granular substances are contained in the filtering membrane, the single vibration mode cannot well realize the great reduction of the cleaning frequency.

Disclosure of Invention

The word "module" as used herein describes any type of hardware, software, or combination of hardware and software that is capable of performing the functions associated with the "module".

In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a system for high frequency concentrated water treatment of brackish water, comprising at least one compartment defined by a filter membrane and a first housing for concentrating or desalinating incoming water. The compartment can be divided into a first region and a second region by a mirror-symmetrical plane perpendicular to its axial extension. The first housing is cylindrical and is embedded in a second housing in a hinged manner, wherein a first hinge point of a first region and a second hinge point of a second region are both arranged on the second housing in a manner movable in an axial direction of the first housing, wherein, in the event of a pressure difference being formed in a flow direction of the intake water on the basis of an increase or decrease in a flow rate of the intake water and/or a flow rate of the discharge water of a compartment, the first region and the second region are arranged in the second housing obliquely at least in such a manner that the filter membranes increase or decrease in distance from each other in a manner rotatable about their respective hinge points on the basis of the pressure difference, wherein the intake water flushes the filter membranes in an inclined state in a manner forming a turbulent flow on the basis of the pressure difference to suppress scaling.

According to a preferred embodiment, the filter membrane is arranged in the second housing obliquely with increasing distance from each other in the direction of the inlet channel towards the drain channel, while reducing the discharge flow of the drain channel and keeping the inlet flow of the inlet channel constant, wherein the inlet water close to the side of the drain channel forms the turbulence in such a way that it moves towards the filter membrane and causes the turbulence to wash the filter membrane in such a way that the angle between its washing direction and the surface of the filter membrane is smaller than 90 °.

According to a preferred embodiment, the first region and the second region are each rotatable about their respective at least two hinge points under the influence of an external force in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the first housing so that the filter membrane is disposed obliquely in the second housing, wherein, in the case of a periodic change in the direction of the external force in the circumferential direction of the second housing, the filter membrane is rotatable at least about its geometric center to change its oblique direction.

According to a preferred embodiment, in case both the first and the second area are subjected to an external force in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the first housing, at least two filter membranes can be obliquely arranged mirror-symmetrically to each other to define a minimum distance and a maximum distance between the edge portions of the filter membranes to each other, respectively, wherein the compartment is capable of creating the pressure difference in the direction of the line connecting the water inlet channel and the water drain channel in case both filter membranes are periodically rotated in the same direction around their geometric centers in the circumferential direction of the second housing.

According to a preferred embodiment, both ends of the first housing, in the direction of axial extension of the first housing, are sealed via sealing plates. At least three of the compartments are defined based on the sealing plate and the filter membrane. The first compartment and the third compartment are mirror symmetrical with respect to the second compartment, wherein the turbulent flow is able to be created in the first compartment, the second compartment and the third compartment to simultaneously scour the first surface and the second surface of the filter membrane in case the incoming water flow direction in the first compartment and the third compartment is opposite to the incoming water flow direction of the second compartment and the water discharge flow of the second compartment is reduced.

According to a preferred embodiment, at least one drive rod is arranged on the sealing plate with its axial direction perpendicular to the surface of the sealing plate, said drive rod being connected to a drive device via a drive disk with a variable angle to the axial direction of the second housing, wherein the drive disk provides the external force in the manner of a spinning in accordance with a change of the fixing position of the end of the drive rod on the drive disk to increase or decrease the angle.

According to a preferred embodiment, the first hinge point and the second hinge point each comprise at least a projection provided on the first housing and a recess provided on the second housing, wherein the projection and the recess are each spherically defined in shape such that the projection can constitute the first hinge point and the second hinge point in such a way that it engages in the recess.

According to a preferred embodiment, the system for treating high-frequency concentrated water with salt and water further comprises a reduction unit and a depth concentration unit for concentrating feed water, wherein the feed water is subjected to reverse osmosis treatment by at least a first reverse osmosis device and a second reverse osmosis device in sequence to complete a first stage of concentration treatment, wherein the first reverse osmosis device and/or the second reverse osmosis device can have the first region and the second region.

According to a preferred embodiment, the first treatment liquid treated by the reduction treatment unit can be transported to the deep concentration treatment unit through a pipeline to carry out a second-stage concentration treatment, wherein the first treatment liquid at least passes through an electrodialysis device to complete the second-stage concentration treatment, and the electrodialysis device can have the first area and the second area. Under the condition that the water inlet is used for finishing the second-stage concentration treatment to obtain a second treatment liquid, the second treatment liquid can be transmitted to a quality separation salt separation unit through a pipeline to be subjected to evaporation crystallization treatment to obtain quality separation salt.

According to a preferred embodiment, the system for high-frequency concentrated water treatment of salt with different qualities further comprises a pretreatment unit for pretreating feed water, wherein the feed water is treated according to the following steps to obtain the salt with different qualities: the inlet water is pretreated in a mode of flowing through at least a homogenizing tank, a coagulation tank, a flocculation tank, a sedimentation tank, a sand filter and an ultrafiltration device to obtain pretreatment liquid. The pretreatment liquid is subjected to first-stage concentration treatment in a manner of flowing through at least a first safety filter, the first reverse osmosis device and the second reverse osmosis device to obtain the first treatment liquid. And performing second-stage concentration treatment on the first treatment liquid in a manner that the first treatment liquid flows through at least a second cartridge filter, the electrodialysis device, an activated carbon filter and a chelating resin tank to obtain a second treatment liquid. And carrying out evaporation crystallization treatment on the second treatment solution by the quality-grading salt separation unit to obtain the quality-grading salt.

The invention has the beneficial technical effects that:

(1) according to the invention, the driving device drives the filtering membrane to do conical pendulum motion around the geometric center of the filtering membrane, the included angle between the driving rod and the axial direction of the second shell is controlled to realize the control of the amplitude of the conical pendulum, different vibration intensities can be obtained based on different requirements, and the conical pendulum has a larger practical application range.

(2) The high-frequency concentrated water treatment system of the quality-divided salt can form the pressure difference in the compartment based on the mode of changing the inflow and the drainage flow so that the filtering membrane is in an inclined state based on the action of the pressure difference, and meanwhile, the change of the inflow and the drainage flow can also generate turbulence in the compartment to wash the surface of the filtering membrane, so that the scaling of the filtering membrane can be effectively inhibited.

(3) The system for treating the high-frequency concentrated water of the quality-divided salt can enable the filtering membrane to be in a vibration state by actively driving according to a mode of periodically changing the inclination direction of the filtering membrane, and the vibration is generated based on the conical pendulum motion of the filtering membrane, so that the vibration of the filtering membrane is in a three-dimensional state, and the surface of the filtering membrane can be better flushed by matching with turbulent flow generated in the compartment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the modular connections of a preferred system for high frequency concentrated brine treatment according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a preferred mobile filter unit of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a preferred removable filter unit A-A of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a preferred vibrating membrane filtration unit of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a preferred driving device and driving rod connection structure of the present invention; and

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of preferred turbulence of the present invention for scouring the filter membrane.

List of reference numerals

1: the pretreatment unit 2: the reduction unit 3: deep concentration unit

4: a separation unit 5 for salts: and (3) a filtering membrane 6: compartment

7: first housing 8: first region 9: second region

10: second housing 11: mirror symmetry plane 12: projection

13: groove 14: water inlet channel 15: drainage channel

16: the flow control valve 17: first slide rail 18: first surface

19: second surface 20: a sealing plate 21: driving rod

22: the driving device 23: drive shaft 24: driving disc

25: second slide rail 26: first hinge point 27: second hinge point

101: the homogenizing tank 102: a coagulation tank 103: flocculation basin

104: a sedimentation tank 105: the sand filter 106: ultrafiltration device

201: first security filter 202: the first reverse osmosis apparatus 203: second reverse osmosis device

301: second cartridge filter 302: the electrodialysis device 303: activated carbon filter

304: chelate resin jar

α: included angle D₁: minimum distance D₂: maximum distance

6 a: first compartment 6 b: second compartment 6 c: the third compartment

Detailed Description

The following detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a system for high-frequency concentration of water by using a salt-based separation system, which comprises a pretreatment unit 1, a reduction unit 2, a depth concentration unit 3, and a salt-based separation unit 4. The pretreatment unit is used for carrying out coagulation, flocculation, filtration and/or ultrafiltration treatment according to the quality of inlet water so that the quality of the treated water can meet the inlet water requirement of a subsequent unit. The reduction treatment unit is used for carrying out first-stage reverse osmosis concentration treatment on the inlet water treated by the pretreatment unit to obtain a concentrated solution with high salt content, wherein part of produced water can be obtained for recycling while the reverse osmosis treatment is carried out by the reduction treatment unit. The deep concentration processing unit 3 is used for further concentrating the concentrate that obtains through the processing of minimizing processing unit in order to obtain the concentrate of higher concentration, can effectual improvement reuse water rate and reduce the water content that gets into the concentrate in the follow-up minute matter salt separation unit through further to the concentration of concentrate, and then can effectively reduce the energy consumption of minute matter salt separation unit. The quality-separating salt separation unit is used for carrying out evaporation crystallization treatment on the concentrated solution obtained by the deep concentration unit to obtain high-quality crystallized salt which is recycled as an industrial raw material, thereby realizing resource utilization of waste.

Preferably, the pretreatment unit comprises at least a homogenization tank 101, a coagulation tank 102, a flocculation tank 103, a sedimentation tank 104, a sand filter tank 105 and an ultrafiltration device 106. The homogenizing tank is used for improving the non-uniformity of the components of the dispersed substances in the wastewater, and the wastewater can be subjected to relative motion in the homogenizing tank by stirring or ultrasonic vibration and the like to form a mixing and stirring effect. The wastewater may be pretreated by adding sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate, for example, to the homogenization tank for softening. The coagulation tank is used for coagulation treatment of wastewater, and specifically, a large amount of flocculation clusters can be formed after the coagulant is fully mixed with the wastewater by adding the coagulant and combining with sufficient stirring. The flocculation tank is used for carrying out flocculation treatment on the wastewater, and particularly, a large amount of flocculation groups in the wastewater treated by the coagulation tank can generate large and compact alum flocs by adding a flocculating agent. The sedimentation tank is used for standing and settling the wastewater so as to enable large granular substances in the wastewater to sink to the bottom of the sedimentation tank, and then sludge is formed after uniform collection and is discharged from the original wastewater so as to achieve the purpose of purifying the water quality. The sand filter and the ultrafiltration device can filter impurities such as suspended matters and colloid in the wastewater to improve the cleanliness of the wastewater, so that the wastewater is not easy to pollute membrane elements in subsequent working sections to cause membrane scaling or blockage. The ultrafiltration apparatus may employ, for example, a GTN-55-FR ultrafiltration membrane module, and filtration of the wastewater is achieved based on the ultrafiltration membrane module to obtain a pretreatment liquid.

Preferably, the reducing unit may include a first safety filter 201, a first reverse osmosis apparatus 202 and a second reverse osmosis apparatus 203 to perform a first stage concentration process on the pre-treated liquid to obtain a first treated liquid. For example, the first safety filter can perform deep filtration treatment on the inlet water treated by the pretreatment unit so as to further filter out colloids, impurities or fine particles in the inlet water. Preferably, the first reverse osmosis device 202 can adopt a medium-pressure membrane element with a membrane material of an aromatic polyamide composite material and a flow channel width of 1.651mm, and performs reverse osmosis treatment on the wastewater under the condition that the operating pressure is 2.0-3.5 MPa, and the first reverse osmosis device is not easy to generate ion scaling and organic matter blocking due to special flow channel and structural design. The recovery rate of the waste water is more than 70 percent in the medium-pressure reverse osmosis treatment process, 97.5 percent of salt substances can be intercepted, and raw water with the average TDS of 6500mg/L can be concentrated to the TDS of more than 21600 mg/L. Preferably, the second reverse osmosis device 203 can adopt a high-pressure membrane element with a membrane material of 2.032mm and an aromatic polyamide composite material flow channel width, and the high-pressure reverse osmosis treatment is performed on the medium-pressure reverse osmosis concentrated solution obtained by the treatment of the first reverse osmosis device under the condition that the operating pressure is 3.5-4.5 MPa, so that the second reverse osmosis device is not easy to generate ion scaling and organic matter blocking due to special flow channel and structural design. The recovery rate of the waste water is more than 65% in the high-pressure reverse osmosis treatment process, more than 97.2% of salt substances can be intercepted, and raw water with average TDS of 21600mg/L can be concentrated to TDS more than 50000 mg/L.

Preferably, the deep concentration unit may include a second cartridge filter 301, an electrodialysis device 302, an activated carbon filter 303, and a chelating resin tank 304 to perform a second-stage concentration process on the first treatment liquid to obtain a second treatment liquid. The electrodialysis device can be an electrodialyzer with electrically driven membranes, which carries out a deep concentration treatment of the concentrate by means of electrodialysis in order to obtain a more highly concentrated concentrate. Preferably, the water inlet index of the electrodialysis device is set to ensure the service life or continuous working life of the membrane elements of the electrodialysis. For example, the water feed index of the electrodialysis apparatus can be set as: the water inlet temperature is 5-40 ℃; the content of residual chlorine is not more than 0.05 mg/L; the content of heavy metal ions is not more than 0.1 mg/L; the sewage quality index SDI is not more than 3.0. The activated carbon filter is used for adsorbing residual chlorine in the preliminary reduction process, preventing the free residual oxygen poisoning pollution of the ion exchange resin, and adsorbing micromolecular organic matters, colloids and heavy metal ions. The resin tank is used for adsorbing heavy metal ions in the solution treated by the activated carbon filter. The second cartridge filter is used for filtering out tiny suspended matters in the solution. Preferably, the concentrated solution obtained by the reduction unit is subjected to a deep concentration treatment so as to sequentially pass through the activated carbon filter, the chelate resin tank, the second cartridge filter and the electrodialysis device. Preferably, a water quality monitor for monitoring the quality of inlet water is further arranged at the water inlet of the electrodialysis device, and when the water quality monitor monitors that the quality of inlet water does not meet the water inlet index of the electrodialysis device, the concentrated solution is respectively transmitted to the corresponding upper-level activated carbon filter, the chelating resin tank or the second security filter through the water return pipe for retreatment.

Preferably, the separation unit for salts may be a multi-effect evaporative crystallizer through which evaporative crystallization of the concentrate is effected to obtain crystallized salts.

For the convenience of understanding, the treatment process of the system for treating the high-frequency concentrated water by using saline wastewater as an example will be discussed.

The salt-containing wastewater enters the pretreatment unit through a pipeline to be subjected to primary filtration treatment to obtain pretreatment liquid, wherein the salt-containing wastewater is subjected to step-by-step treatment in a mode of sequentially flowing through a homogenizing tank, a coagulation tank, a flocculation tank, a sedimentation tank and a sand filter to fully filter large granular substances or colloids in the salt-containing wastewater to obtain first treatment liquid. For example, the pretreatment liquid is transferred to a reduction unit through a pipeline to be subjected to reduction treatment, wherein the pretreatment liquid is subjected to reduction treatment in such a manner that the pretreatment liquid flows through a first safety filter, a first reverse osmosis device and a second reverse osmosis device in this order. The impurity substances in the pretreatment liquid can be further filtered by the first safety filter so as to reduce the pollution to the reverse osmosis membrane element to the maximum extent. The medium-pressure reverse osmosis concentrated brine and the medium-pressure reverse osmosis produced water can be obtained through treatment of the first reverse osmosis device, wherein the medium-pressure reverse osmosis concentrated brine enters the second reverse osmosis device located on the downstream of the medium-pressure reverse osmosis concentrated brine through a pipeline to be subjected to further reverse osmosis treatment under higher operation pressure to obtain first treated liquid such as the high-pressure reverse osmosis concentrated brine and high-pressure reverse osmosis produced water which are higher in concentration degree, and the high-pressure reverse osmosis produced water and the medium-pressure reverse osmosis produced water are collected together for recycling. And the high-pressure reverse osmosis concentrated brine is conveyed to the deep concentration unit through a pipeline for further concentration treatment.

Before the first treating fluid enters the electrodialyzer of the deep concentration unit, the quality of inlet water needs to be monitored so as to avoid serious membrane pollution caused by substandard water quality. Before entering the electrodialyzer, the first treating liquid can form a circulation passage in the second security filter, the activated carbon filter and the chelating resin tank, and the circulation is carried out for one or more times until the requirement of the electrodialyzer on the quality of inlet water is met. The high-pressure reverse osmosis concentrated brine is subjected to electrodialysis treatment in an electrodialyzer to obtain electrodialysis water and a second treatment liquid such as electrodialysis concentrated brine, wherein the electrodialysis water is recycled, and the electrodialysis concentrated brine is conveyed to a separation unit for separation of the fractionated salt through a pipeline to be subjected to evaporation crystallization treatment such as evaporation crystallization treatment to obtain crystallized salt.

Example 2

This embodiment is a further improvement of embodiment 1, and repeated contents are not described again.

As shown in fig. 2, the present invention also provides a movable filter unit. Comprising at least three compartments 6 separated by a filter membrane 5, wherein a first compartment 6a, a second compartment 6b and a third compartment 6c are arranged adjacent to each other in one and the same first housing 7. The first housing 7 can be in the shape of a circular tube, with a first compartment, a second compartment and a third compartment being arranged in this order in the axial extension direction of the first housing 7 such that the first compartment and the third compartment are in a mirror-symmetrical state with respect to the second compartment.

Preferably, the diaphragm filter unit further comprises a second housing 10, the second housing being shaped the same as the first housing so that the second housing can be nestingly secured in the first housing. At least two filter membranes are fixed in the inner wall of the second housing with their surfaces perpendicular to the axial direction of the second housing to define a first compartment, a second compartment and a third compartment. At least two spherical bulges 12 are respectively arranged on the second shell corresponding to the first area and the second shell corresponding to the second area in a mode of surrounding the second shell along the circumferential direction of the second shell, at least two spherical grooves 13 are arranged at the corresponding position of the first shell, and the first shell and the second shell are movably connected in a mode of nesting with each other through the bulges and the grooves to form a universal joint. The first hinge point 26 and the second hinge point 27 each comprise at least a projection provided on the first housing and a recess provided on the second housing. The second housing is capable of rotational movement about a support point formed by the recess with the first housing fixed. The filter membrane is fixed in a second housing in such a way as to form, for example, a gimbal structure, the second housing being capable of a rotational movement with a support point defined by the gimbal, assuming a dynamically floating state. Preferably, the groove 13 is also provided in an operation mode movable in the axial direction of the first housing. For example, the groove may be fixed on a first slide rail 17, which extends in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the first housing. The length of the first slide rail can be set according to actual conditions. The first slide rail may penetrate through the luminance end portion of the first housing, and may have a short length so that the groove can move a set distance.

Preferably, the compartment is further provided with a water inlet channel 14 and a water outlet channel 15, through which inlet water can be introduced into the compartment for treatment and discharged from the compartment after the treatment is completed, respectively. The water inlet passage and the water discharge passage may be disposed on both sides of the compartment in a manner opposite to each other so that the inlet water can have the longest flow distance, thereby increasing the contact time and contact area of the inlet water with the filtering membrane and improving the filtering efficiency of the filtering membrane. Preferably, flow control valves 16 are also provided in the inlet and drain passages to regulate the pressure differential between adjacent compartments in a manner that varies the inlet and/or drain flow rates.

For ease of understanding, the working principle of the mobile filter unit will be discussed in detail.

The mobile filtration unit may be used, for example, in a reverse osmosis plant or an electrodialyser. Taking electrodialysis as an example, the filtering membranes on the upper side and the lower side are respectively an anion exchange membrane and a cation exchange membrane, so that the first compartment and the third compartment are fresh water chambers, and the second compartment is a concentrated water chamber. The inlet water enters the concentrated water chamber and the fresh water chamber respectively according to the same inlet water flow and the same drain water flow, so that no pressure difference exists between the concentrated water chamber and the fresh water chamber, and the anion exchange membrane and the cation exchange membrane can be in a state of being parallel to each other under the condition of no external force driving. During the electrodialysis filtration treatment of the incoming water, the anion exchange membranes and the cation exchange membranes may cause a local decrease of the channel flow due to more or less scale build-up, which in turn may lead to an imbalance of hydrostatic pressure between the compartments adjacent to each other, thereby inhibiting the diffusion process of the water or ions. For example, when scale deposits are formed on the membrane surface of the side of the anion exchange membrane located on the upper side close to the first compartment, the scale deposits can reduce ions migrating from the first compartment to the second compartment, and simultaneously, the hydrostatic pressure of the first compartment can be increased based on the reduction of the ion diffusion amount, so that the hydrostatic pressure difference exists between the first compartment and the second compartment. Since the hydrostatic pressure in the first compartment is greater than in the second compartment, diffusion of water molecules from the second compartment into the first compartment is inhibited, thereby reducing the water production rate. The filter membrane's mode of operation configured to be dynamically active enables the filter membrane to automatically adjust its relative position based on the generation of a pressure differential to maintain the hydrostatic pressure differential between two adjacent compartments at a minimum.

Preferably, during the water treatment of the electrodialyzer, the dynamic change of the ion exchange membrane morphology can effectively inhibit the adhesion and growth of foulants based on the control of the feed water flow rate and/or the drain water flow rate to effect the change of the ion exchange membrane morphology. For example, as shown in fig. 6, in the case where the inflow rate of water to the second compartment is increased while the discharge rate thereof is maintained, the inflow rate and the discharge rate of water to the first compartment adjacent thereto are maintained, and the inflow direction of water to the second compartment can be in a parallel and opposite configuration to the inflow direction of water to the first compartment, the filtration membrane of the second compartment on the side close to the water inlet passage thereof is moved toward the first compartment side based on a suddenly increased pressure, so that the distance between the anion exchange membrane and the cation exchange membrane from each other exhibits a gradually decreasing tendency in the direction toward the water discharge passage along the water inlet passage. The ion exchange membranes on both sides of the second compartment are in a dynamic floating state, and when the flow rate of the water inlet channel side of the second compartment is suddenly increased, the ion exchange membranes can keep the water inlet pressure in the second compartment within a smaller difference range consistent with the initial set pressure value by increasing the distance between the ion exchange membranes, so that the increase of the hydrostatic pressure caused by the increase of the pressure difference between the second compartment and the adjacent compartment is avoided. Meanwhile, the ion exchange membrane of the second compartment is made to assume an inclined state based on the change of the water inlet pressure. Since the ion exchange membranes on the right side close to the water inlet channel are closer to the water inlet channel, when the water inlet flow rate is suddenly increased, the distance between the ion exchange membranes is increased by the right side of the ion exchange membranes immediately responding to the pressure increase. As the intake water flows from the intake channel side to the drain channel side, the drain channel side increases the distance between the left sides of the ion exchange membranes in response to an increase in pressure. Under the condition that the right side of the ion exchange membrane is larger than the left side in moving distance and is in an inclined state, one side, close to the second compartment, of the ion exchange membrane is not parallel to the flowing direction of inflow water any more, but is in a state with a certain inclination angle, and the inflow water can wash the ion exchange membrane in a mode of directly impacting the surface of the ion exchange membrane, so that the accumulation of scales can be effectively inhibited. The water inlet side of the first compartment reduces its instantaneous accessible inlet flow rate due to the inclination of the ion exchange membrane, and because the flow rates of the inlet water and the discharged treatment liquid input to the first compartment are not kept constant, the inlet side of the first compartment is subjected to pressure from the inlet side of the second compartment, so that the inlet side of the first compartment flows toward the drain channel side thereof at a faster rate. The drainage flow based on the drainage channel side keeps original state, and too much intaking can't be discharged from drainage channel and make unnecessary intaking strike to the ion exchange membrane side of drainage channel both sides, can follow ion exchange membrane's orientation drainage channel one side and flow back and then form the torrent after strikeing the completion, and the torrent can be continuous erode the surface that is the ion exchange membrane of tilt state. The ion exchange membrane on the water outlet side of the second compartment moves towards one side of the second compartment to respond to the pressure increase caused by the reduction of the passage on the water inlet side of the second compartment, so that the pressure of the second compartment and the pressure of the first compartment are kept within a set range. The inclined state of the ion exchange membrane enables the two sides of the ion exchange membrane to be respectively flushed by the direct flushing of the inlet water and the turbulent flow formed by the inlet water. The whole cleaning process of the ion exchange membrane can be realized by changing the water inlet flow and the water outlet flow. For example, increasing the flow rate of the inlet water on the inlet water passage side can clean the position of the first surface 18 of the ion exchange membrane on the inlet water passage side and the position of the second surface 19 on the drain water passage side. Reducing the flow rate of the inlet water on the side of the drain channel enables cleaning of the position of the first surface of the ion exchange membrane close to the side of the drain channel and the position of the second surface 19 close to the side of the inlet channel.

Example 3

This embodiment is a further improvement of embodiment 2, and repeated contents are not described again.

As shown in fig. 4, the present invention also provides a vibrating membrane filtration unit comprising at least three compartments 6 separated by a filtration membrane 5, wherein a first compartment 6a, a second compartment 6b and a third compartment 6c are provided adjacent to each other in one and the same first housing 7. The first housing 7 can be in the shape of a circular tube, with a first compartment, a second compartment and a third compartment being arranged in this order in the axial extension direction of the first housing 7 such that the first compartment and the third compartment are in a mirror-symmetrical state with respect to the second compartment. Preferably, the second compartment can be divided by its mirror symmetry plane 11 into at least two areas which can be moved independently so that its first area 8 is adjacent to the side of the first compartment and its second area 9 is adjacent to the side of the second compartment. The first and second regions may be driven by separate drive means to move accordingly. For example, the end of the first compartment is sealed by, for example, a sealing plate 20 so that the first compartment forms a closed space through which the inlet water can only enter and exit through the outlet passage. The sealing plate 20 of the first compartment is provided with at least one driving rod 21. One end of the driving rod is connected to the driving device 22 so that the driving rod can be in different working states, for example, when the driving device is a push rod motor, the axial extension direction of the driving rod is perpendicular to the surface of the sealing plate, and the driving device can drive the driving rod to make linear reciprocating motion along the axial extension direction of the first housing, so that the ion exchange membrane can be in a vibrating working state. The push rod motor can also push the driving rod to swing along the flowing direction of the inlet water. Preferably, the vibration frequency of the filter membrane can be controlled by controlling the output of the driving device. For example, the output power of the pusher motor is increased so that the number of reciprocations per unit time thereof is increased, whereby control of the vibration frequency of the filtering membrane can be achieved.

Preferably, the axial extending direction of the drive rod and the axial extending direction of the first housing form a certain inclination angle. The inclination angle may be set according to the inner diameters of the first and second housings and the intensity of vibration to be achieved, and may be set to 15 °, for example. The driving device drives the driving rod to do 360-degree conical pendulum motion around the intersection point of the driving rod and the sealing plate.

Preferably, the inner diameter of the second housing has a set difference from the inner diameter of the first housing in the radial direction along the first housing so that the second housing can form a rolling motion about the axis of the first housing. The second housing at the butt joint position between the first region and the second region is made of a flexible material so that it can be bent by an external force or stretched or compressed in the axial direction of the second housing. Other positions of the second shell are made of rigid materials to ensure the shape of the second shell is fixed.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, the driving rod is fixed to the sealing plate in such a manner that the axial direction thereof extends perpendicularly to the surface of the sealing plate. The drive shaft of the drive device is arranged such that its axial extension direction coincides with the axial extension direction of the first housing, and the drive shaft 23 performs a rotary motion about its axial extension direction. A drive disc 24 in the form of a disc is provided at the end of the drive shaft. The drive disc is provided with at least one second slide track 25 extending in the radial direction thereof. The driving rod is movably connected with the driving disk in a manner of embedding the second sliding rail, so that the end part of the driving rod can move along the radial direction of the driving disk. The included angle between the driving rod and the axial direction of the first shell can be easily realized through the movable connection of the end part of the driving rod. The change of the inclination angle of the driving rod can adjust the vibration intensity according to actual conditions. Preferably, the end of the driving rod can be moved in the second slide rail in a manner of locking after manual movement, or can be automatically driven by, for example, a micro driving motor, and when the distance between the end of the driving rod and the circular point of the driving disk is increased, the inclination angle is increased so as to increase the vibration intensity. Preferably, the end of the third compartment is sealed by a sealing plate, which is also provided with a drive rod. The second track of each of the third compartment and the first compartment is mirror symmetric with respect to the second compartment. Preferably, the driving rod of the first compartment and the driving rod of the third compartment perform a conical pendulum motion in the same direction and at the same rotation speed. For example, in the direction pointing along the first compartment towards the second compartment, the driving rods are each rotated in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction so that the minimum distance and the maximum distance between each other in the ion exchange membrane on both sides of the second compartment are kept constant. The inclination direction of the ion exchange membrane changes along with the synchronous rotation of the driving rod, for example, as shown in fig. 3, in the initial state, the ion exchange membranes on both sides of the second compartment are inclined from the lower left to the higher right, and in the case that the driving rod rotates 180 ° clockwise, the ion exchange membranes are inclined from the higher left to the lower right. The ion exchange membrane drives the in-process that vibrates through drive arrangement, and the shearing force that produces has inclination with ion exchange membrane's surface for ion exchange membrane's surface receives higher shearing force. Simultaneously, the vibration that the conical pendulum motion of actuating lever produced is the three-dimensional state, and it can produce the vibration of perpendicular to ion exchange membrane surface and the vibration that is on a parallel with the ion exchange membrane surface simultaneously, and the growth direction of reply different scaling things that can be better for stubborn scaling thing can break away from with ion exchange membrane under the vibration of a plurality of direction dimensions.

For ease of understanding, the working principle of the vibrating membrane filtration unit will be discussed in detail.

In the initial state, the minimum distance D of the side of the ion exchange membrane close to the drainage channel₁Minimum, maximum distance D near side of water inlet channel₂And max. After the inlet water enters the first compartment, the second compartment and the third compartment through the inlet water channel, the driving device is started to change the inclined state of the ion exchange membrane. In the working process of the driving device, the water inlet flow of the water inlet channel and the water discharge flow of the water discharge channel can be bothRemain unchanged. The drive rods rotate synchronously in a counter-clockwise direction in a direction pointing along the first compartment towards the third compartment. The minimum distance D of the second compartment close to the drainage channel based on the continuous rotation of the driving rod₁Exhibits a gradually increasing trend and is equal to the maximum distance D in the case of a 180 ° rotation of the drive rod₂. Maximum distance D of the second compartment on the side close to the drain channel₂Exhibits a decreasing trend and is equal to the minimum distance D in the case of a rotation of the drive rod by 180 deg.₁。

The decrease in the distance between the ion exchange membranes on the inlet channel side of the second compartment from each other causes the pressure therein to increase, forcing the inlet water therein to flow at a higher velocity toward the drain channel side. Based on the flow of the side of the drainage channel is kept unchanged, the inlet water can move towards the ion exchange membranes on the two sides of the drainage channel, and the inlet water can form a turbulent flow mode to wash the surfaces of the ion exchange membranes in cooperation with the increase of the distance between the ion exchange membranes on the two sides of the drainage channel. Under the condition that the rotation angle of the driving rod is less than 180 degrees, the inclination direction of the ion exchange membrane, the drainage channel and the water inlet channel are in a non-coplanar and constantly changing state, so that the surface of the ion exchange membrane, relative to which the water enters, has a changed washing direction.

When the driving rod rotates 180 degrees, the distance of the ion exchange membrane of the second compartment close to the water drainage channel is increased to the maximum distance, and the distance of the ion exchange membrane of the second compartment close to the water inlet channel is reduced to the minimum distance. When the actuating lever continues to rotate, the distance that is close to the ion exchange membrane of drainage channel of second compartment will be the state that reduces gradually, drainage flow based on drainage channel keeps unchangeable, the pressure of intaking that is close to drainage channel one side of second compartment can be the increasing trend, the pressure of intaking that is close to inlet channel one side of second compartment can be the decreasing trend, make the left side and the right side of second compartment have the pressure differential, it can move to the ion exchange membrane side at drainage channel one side to intake water, can flow towards the inlet channel side based on the left and right sides of pressure differential after assaulting ion exchange membrane, and then form the torrent and erode in order to erode ion exchange membrane, and the torrent direction of torrent can make ion exchange membrane receive bigger erodeing dynamics with the contained angle on ion exchange membrane's surface is less than 90.

Example 4

This embodiment is a further improvement of the foregoing embodiment, and repeated contents are not described again.

At least one of the first reverse osmosis apparatus, the second reverse osmosis apparatus and the electrodialysis apparatus of the present invention employs the movable type filtration unit or the vibrating membrane filtration unit of the foregoing embodiments.

Preferably, at least one compartment of the first reverse osmosis device, the second reverse osmosis device and the electrodialysis device is configured to operate according to an operation process of a movable filtration unit or a vibrating membrane filtration unit, wherein the first reverse osmosis device, the second reverse osmosis device and the electrodialysis device adopt the movable filtration unit or the vibrating membrane filtration unit by separating at least one compartment. For example, in case the electrodialysis unit has 5 compartments, of which 3 compartments employ a movable filtration unit or a vibrating filtration membrane unit. The 3 compartments using the movable filtering unit or the vibrating filtering membrane unit are separated from each other by the remaining two compartments.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are exemplary, and that those skilled in the art, having benefit of the present disclosure, may devise various arrangements that are within the scope of the present disclosure and that fall within the scope of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present specification and figures are illustrative only and are not limiting upon the claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A system for the treatment of high-frequency concentrated water of salt type with a lower quality, comprising at least one compartment (6) for the treatment of concentration or desalination of the incoming water, defined by a filter membrane (5) and a first housing (7), characterized in that said compartment (6) can be divided into a first zone (8) and a second zone (9) by a plane of mirror symmetry (11) perpendicular to its axial extension, said first housing (7) being cylindrical and being embedded in a second housing (10) in an articulated manner, wherein,

a first hinge point (26) of the first region (8) and a second hinge point (27) of the second region (9) are each arranged on the second housing (10) in such a way as to be movable in the axial direction of the first housing (7), wherein,

the first region (8) and the second region (9) are at least capable of providing the filter membrane (5) obliquely in the second housing (10) by increasing or decreasing the distance of the filter membrane (5) from each other in a manner rotating around their respective hinge point based on the pressure difference, in the case of an increase or decrease of the inflow and/or the outflow of the water of the compartment (6) such that a pressure difference is created in the flow direction of the inflow, wherein,

the feed water washes the filter membrane (5) in an inclined state in a manner of forming a turbulent flow based on the pressure difference to suppress scaling,

in the second housing (10), filter membranes (5) are arranged obliquely with increasing distance from each other in the direction of the inlet channel (14) towards the drain channel (15) with the discharge flow of the drain channel (15) reduced and the inlet flow of the inlet channel (14) maintained constant, wherein,

the inlet water on the side close to the drainage channel (15) forms the turbulent flow in a manner of moving towards the filtering membrane (5) and enables the turbulent flow to wash the filtering membrane (5) in a manner that the washing direction of the turbulent flow forms an included angle smaller than 90 degrees with the surface of the filtering membrane (5).

2. The system for treating water concentrated in high frequency with salt according to claim 1, wherein the first region (8) and the second region (9) are each rotatable about at least two hinge points thereof under an external force in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the first housing (7) so that the filtering membrane (5) is obliquely disposed in the second housing (10),

in case the direction of the external force is periodically changed in the circumferential direction of the second housing (10), the filter membrane (5) can be rotated at least around its geometric center to change its inclination direction.

3. The system according to claim 2, wherein at least two filter membranes (5) are obliquely arranged in mirror symmetry to each other to define a minimum distance (D) between edge portions of the filter membranes (5) to each other, respectively, in case both the first region (8) and the second region (9) are subjected to an external force in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the first housing (7)₁) And maximum distance (D)₂) Wherein, in the step (A),

under the condition that the two filter membranes (5) periodically rotate around the geometric centers thereof in the same direction along the circumferential direction of the second shell (10), the pressure difference can be formed in the connecting line direction of the water inlet channel (14) and the water outlet channel (15) by the compartment (6).

4. The system for high-frequency concentrated water treatment of divided salt according to claim 3, wherein both ends of the first housing (7) are sealed by sealing plates (20) in the axial extension direction of the first housing (7), at least three of said compartments (6) are defined based on said sealing plates (20) and said filtering membrane (5), the first compartment (6 a) and the third compartment (6 c) being in mirror symmetry with respect to the second compartment (6 b), wherein,

said turbulence can be created in the first (6 a), second (6 b) and third (6 c) compartments to simultaneously scour the first (18) and second (19) surfaces of the filter membrane (5) with the incoming water flow in the first (6 a) and third (6 c) compartments being in a direction opposite to the incoming water flow in the second compartment (6 b) and the water discharge flow of the second compartment (6 b) being reduced.

5. The system for treating water concentrated in high frequency with divided salt according to claim 4, wherein at least one driving rod (21) is provided on the sealing plate (20) in such a manner that the axial direction thereof is perpendicular to the surface of the sealing plate (20), the driving rod (21) being connected to the driving means (22) via a driving disk (24) in such a manner that the angle (α) with the axial direction of the second housing (10) can be changed,

according to changing the fixed position of the end of the driving rod (21) on the driving disk (24) to increase or decrease the included angle (alpha), the driving disk (24) provides the external force in a self-rotating mode.

6. The system for treating water concentrated in high frequency with divided salt according to claim 5, wherein said first hinge point (26) and said second hinge point (27) each comprise at least a protrusion (12) provided on the first housing (7) and a groove (13) provided on the second housing (10), wherein,

the shape of the protrusion (12) and the recess (13) are defined spherically so that the protrusion (12) can form the first hinge point (26) and the second hinge point (27) in such a way as to engage in the recess (13).

7. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a reduction unit (2) and a depth concentration unit (3) for performing concentration processing on the feed water,

the feed water is subjected to a reverse osmosis treatment at least in sequence by a first reverse osmosis device (202) and a second reverse osmosis device (203) to complete a first stage of concentration treatment, wherein the first reverse osmosis device (202) and/or the second reverse osmosis device (203) can have the first region (8) and the second region (9).

8. The system for treating quality-divided salt high-frequency concentrated water according to claim 7, wherein the first treated liquid after being treated by the quantitative reduction treatment unit (2) can be transported to the deep concentration treatment unit (3) through a pipeline for a second-stage concentration treatment,

the second stage of concentration of the first treatment liquid is carried out at least by an electrodialysis device (302), wherein the electrodialysis device (302) can have the first region (8) and the second region (9),

under the condition that the water inlet is used for finishing the second-stage concentration treatment to obtain a second treatment liquid, the second treatment liquid can be transmitted to a quality separation unit (4) through a pipeline to be subjected to evaporation crystallization treatment to obtain the quality separation salt.

9. The system for high-frequency concentrated water treatment of partial salts according to claim 8, further comprising a pretreatment unit (1) for pretreating feed water, wherein the feed water is treated to obtain the partial salts according to the following steps:

the inlet water is pretreated in a mode of flowing through at least a homogenizing tank (101), a coagulation tank (102), a flocculation tank (103), a sedimentation tank (104), a sand filter (105) and an ultrafiltration device (106) to obtain a pretreatment liquid;

the pretreatment liquid is subjected to first-stage concentration treatment in a mode of flowing through at least a first safety filter (201), the first reverse osmosis device (202) and the second reverse osmosis device (203) to obtain a first treatment liquid;

the first treatment liquid is subjected to second-stage concentration treatment in a manner of flowing through at least a second cartridge filter (301), the electrodialysis device (302), an activated carbon filter (303) and a chelating resin tank (304) to obtain a second treatment liquid;

and the second treatment liquid is subjected to evaporative crystallization treatment by the quality-grading salt separation unit (4) to obtain the quality-grading salt.