CN109290389A - A kind of preparation method of copper magnesium alloy contact wire - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of copper magnesium alloy contact wire Download PDFInfo
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- CN109290389A CN109290389A CN201811295034.2A CN201811295034A CN109290389A CN 109290389 A CN109290389 A CN 109290389A CN 201811295034 A CN201811295034 A CN 201811295034A CN 109290389 A CN109290389 A CN 109290389A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/04—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
- B22D11/004—Copper alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/14—Plants for continuous casting
- B22D11/145—Plants for continuous casting for upward casting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of copper magnesium alloy contact wire, the following steps are included: cathode plate and magnesium metal are carried out melting in continuous up-casting furnace, coverture is added on the surface of the cathode plate and magnesium metal, and gone bad using alterant to obtained liquid copper magnesium alloy, continuous up-casting casting bar is obtained after continuous up-casting, content of magnesium is 0.1~0.3wt% in the continuous up-casting casting bar, and surplus is copper；Continuous up-casting casting bar progress is continuously extruded, and cooling obtains pressure ram；The pressure ram is subjected to continuous drawing, obtains copper magnesium alloy contact wire.The application is during preparing copper magnesium alloy contact wire, by using specific raw material and coverture, effectively prevent the introducing of impurity element, improve the electric conductivity of copper magnesium alloy contact wire, and by the continuously extruded and continuous drawing of subsequent progress, further improve the intensity of copper magnesium alloy contact wire.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to copper magnesium alloy technical field more particularly to a kind of preparation methods of copper magnesium alloy contact wire.
Background technique
Electric railway is the important component of high-speed electric railway trailer system, copper with copper magnesium alloy contact wire product
Magnesium alloy contact wire is a kind of bare wire cable of transmission electricity, and electric current is transferred to electrical equipment by pantograph.With China's height
The development of fast railway, Line for Passenger Transportation, the speed of service are continuously improved, and propose higher want to electrification railway contact net equipment
It asks.Special line for passenger trains contact net equipment puts forward new requirements its safety, reliability, availability, CTM type copper magnesium alloy
More stringent requirements are proposed for contact line (contact line intensity >=430MPa, 20 DEG C of resistivity≤0.02155 Ω mm2/m)。
The copper magnesium alloy contact wire mechanical performance of prior art production can satisfy using needs, but electric property is not
The needs of electric railway are able to satisfy, in order to meet the requirement of new standard, it is necessary to which a kind of novel copper magnesium alloy contact wire makes
Electrical and mechanical performance meet the requirement of electric railway.
The prior art 1: continuous up-casting furnace is added in cathode plate and a certain proportion of magnesium metal grain, passes through upward-casting process
It manufactures out copper magnesium alloy casting bar to refine crystal grain then by continuous extruding technology, make crystallite dimension≤30 μm, finally will
Copper magnesium alloy bar after extruding obtains copper magnesium alloy contact wire, technological parameter and route are as shown in Figure 1 by drawing.At this
In technology, magnesium elements primarily serve the effect of solution strengthening in copper magnesium alloy；And continuously extruded process makes copper magnesium alloy bar
Crystal grain refinement (crystallite dimension≤30 μm), to achieve the purpose that increase copper magnesium alloy intensity and plasticity；Continuous drawing passes through processing
The mode of hardening improves the intensity of copper magnesium alloy contact wire.
The magnesium elements (0.25%~0.40%) of high level are used, in the prior art 1 to reach increase contact line
The purpose of intensity, but while improving intensity, higher resistivity will be also brought, the electric conductivity of copper magnesium alloy contact wire is made
It is deteriorated.The copper magnesium alloy contact wire main performance that the prior art 1 produces is as follows: contact line intensity >=440MPa, 20 DEG C of resistivity
0.02165~0.02225 Ω mm of range2/m；But the electric property of above-mentioned copper magnesium alloy contact wire is not able to satisfy electrically
Change the requirement of railway copper magnesium contact line.
The scheme of the prior art 2 specifically: (1) copper-for the use of the previously prepared total mass fraction of vacuum melting furnace being 20%
Magnesium intermediate alloy；(2) copper-rare earth (cerium and neodymium) intermediate alloy that mass fraction is 20% is prepared again；(3) it is prepared in vacuum drying oven
Total mass fraction be 60 copper, nickel, zinc, silver liquid alloy；(4) it is added in step (1) and step (2) in liquid alloy
Between alloy, be then transposed in continuous casting furnace；(5) horizontal casting production alloy casts bar, 1130~1200 DEG C of temperature, draws embryo speed
280mm/min；(6) continuously extruded: it is squeezed into bar embryo according to the extrusion ratio of 5~10:1, it is spare；(7) solution treatment: bar embryo is put
It is placed in heat-treatment furnace to be heated, 900~950 DEG C of heating temperature, then soaking time 1h carries out water quenching；(8) drawing deformation:
Alloy after solution treatment is subjected to drawing deformation, deflection 40~80%；(9) ageing treatment and drawing deformation: by step (8)
Deformed copper bar carries out ageing treatment, 450~550 DEG C of aging temp, keeps the temperature 2~4h, carries out drawing deformation, deflection later
It is 20~80%, can be obtained rare earth copper magnesium alloy contact wire.
The copper magnesium contact line that the prior art 2 produces contains the magnesium that weight percent is 0.1~0.8%, and 0.1~0.4%
Nickel, 0.1~0.4% zinc, 0.1~0.4% silver, 0.05~0.15% rare earth element, surplus be copper and inevitably
Impurity element, the rare earth element are one or both of cerium and neodymium.Product main performance is as follows: intensity >=520MPa,
20 DEG C of resistivity≤0.02299 Ω mm2/m.Complex process, the alloying element usage amount of the prior art 2 are larger, and according to TB/
The requirement of T2809-2017 " electric railway copper and copper alloy contact wire " standard, in addition to crossing copper and magnesium elements, remaining
Constituent content should≤0.1%；Key is 20 DEG C of resistivity of copper magnesium contact line≤0.02299 Ω mm in the prior art 22/
M is not able to satisfy the requirement of electric railway.
Summary of the invention
Present invention solves the technical problem that being to provide a kind of preparation of the copper magnesium alloy contact wire of high conductivity high intensity
Method.
In view of this, this application provides a kind of preparation methods of copper magnesium alloy contact wire, comprising the following steps:
Cathode plate and metal MAG block are subjected to melting in continuous up-casting furnace, in the cathode plate and metal MAG block
Coverture is added in surface, and is gone bad using alterant to obtained liquid copper magnesium alloy, obtains drawing company after continuous up-casting
Casting casting bar, it is 0.1~0.3wt% that the continuous up-casting, which casts content of magnesium in bar, and surplus is copper；
Continuous up-casting casting bar progress is continuously extruded, and cooling obtains pressure ram；
The pressure ram is subjected to continuous drawing, obtains copper magnesium alloy contact wire；
The coverture includes: the sodium chloride of 5~10wt%, the potassium chloride of 2~4wt%, the sodium carbonate of 4~8wt%, and 3
The ice crystal of~7wt%, the borax of 2~6wt%, the fluorite of 3~7wt%, surplus are crystalline flake graphite.
Preferably, during continuously extruded, the n-butanol of 15~20wt% of addition, 30 in the cooling water of the cooling
The mixture of the alcohol of the glycerol and surplus of~40wt%, the additional amount of the mixture are 5~10wt% of cooling water.
Preferably, the coverture includes: the sodium chloride of 7wt%, the potassium chloride of 3wt%, the sodium carbonate of 5wt%, 5wt%
Ice crystal, the borax of 4wt%, the fluorite of 6wt%, surplus is crystalline flake graphite.
Preferably, the alterant is compound rare-earth, includes the Ce and surplus of 30~45wt% in the compound rare-earth
La。
Preferably, 0.04~0.06wt% of cathode plate described in the additional amount of the alterant.
Preferably, the coverture with a thickness of 100~150mm.
Preferably, the bar speed of drawing of the continuous up-casting is 280~360mm/min.
Preferably, the continuously extruded extrusion speed is 4~6r/min, and squeezing temperature is 700~750 DEG C.
Preferably, the compression ratio of the pressure ram of the continuous drawing is 40~80%.
Preferably, purity >=99.9% of the cathode plate, purity >=99.95% of the MAG block.
This application provides a kind of preparation methods of the copper magnesium alloy contact wire of high conductivity high strength, successively use
Upward-casting process, continuously extruded and continuous drawing technique, have finally obtained copper magnesium alloy contact wire, and copper magnesium alloy contact wire uses
Raw material be cathode plate and metal MAG block, effectively prevent the introducing of impurity element, be conducive to improve copper magnesium alloy contact wire
Electric conductivity, while during continuous up-casting use specific coverture, when can effectively completely cut off melting oxygen enter
Copper water, and the coverture can further refine liquid copper magnesium alloy, achieve the purpose that oxygen barrier removal of impurities, to improve alloy
Electric conductivity；Then carry out continuously extruded significantly promotes the intensity of alloy so that alloy grain size reaches 10~20 μm；
Drawing procedure is alloyed contact line plasticity and the final mode for increasing intensity, and schedule of reinforcement is processing hardening, is moulded by cold working
Property deformation improve dislocation density inside alloy and improve intensity.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram that the prior art 1 of the present invention prepares copper magnesium alloy contact wire；
Fig. 2 is the flow diagram that the present invention prepares copper magnesium alloy contact wire.
Specific embodiment
For a further understanding of the present invention, the preferred embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to embodiment, still
It should be appreciated that these descriptions are only further explanation the features and advantages of the present invention, rather than to the claims in the present invention
Limitation.
For the problem that copper magnesium alloy contact wire resistivity, intensity are unqualified in the prior art and preparation process is complicated, originally
Application provides a kind of preparation method of copper magnesium alloy contact wire, which draws by using specific raw material, and upper
Specific coverture is used in continuous casting process, and by extruding and drawing, the copper magnesium for having finally obtained high conductivity high strength is closed
Golden contact line, and preparation process is simple, cost is relatively low.Specifically, the embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of copper magnesium alloy contact wires
Preparation method, comprising the following steps:
Cathode plate and magnesium metal are subjected to melting in continuous up-casting furnace, on the surface of the cathode plate and magnesium metal
Coverture is added, and is gone bad using alterant to obtained liquid copper magnesium alloy, continuous up-casting casting is obtained after continuous up-casting
Bar, it is 0.1~0.3wt% that the continuous up-casting, which casts content of magnesium in bar, and surplus is copper；
Continuous up-casting casting bar progress is continuously extruded, and cooling obtains pressure ram；
The pressure ram is subjected to continuous drawing, obtains copper magnesium alloy contact wire；
The coverture includes: the sodium chloride of 5~10wt%, the potassium chloride of 2~4wt%, the sodium carbonate of 4~8wt%, and 3
The ice crystal of~7wt%, the borax of 2~6wt%, the fluorite of 3~7wt%, surplus are crystalline flake graphite.
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the flow diagram that the application prepares copper magnesium alloy contact wire；As seen from the figure, copper is being prepared
During magnesium alloy contact wire, first by raw material by continuous up-casting, to obtain continuous up-casting casting bar.In the process, institute
Stating continuous up-casting is technical approach well known to those skilled in the art, is not particularly limited to this application.Preparing copper magnesium
During alloyed contact line, the raw material used, in order to avoid introducing objectionable impurities, reduces copper for cathode plate and metal MAG block
The electric conductivity of magnesium alloy contact wire, purity >=99.9% of the cathode plate, purity >=99.95% of the magnesium metal.?
During continuous up-casting, cathode plate and metal MAG block are subjected to melting in continuous up-casting furnace, in the process, described
Coverture is added on the surface of cathode plate and the magnesium metal, and the coverture specifically includes: the sodium chloride of 5~10wt%, 2~
The potassium chloride of 4wt%, the sodium carbonate of 4~8wt%, the ice crystal of 3~7wt%, the borax of 2~6wt%, the firefly of 3~7wt%
Stone, surplus are crystalline flake graphite.Oxygen enters copper water when above-mentioned coverture can effectively completely cut off melting, and the coverture can be into
One step refines alloy copper water, achievees the purpose that oxygen barrier removal of impurities, to be conducive to improve the conduction of copper magnesium alloy contact wire
Performance.In a particular embodiment, the coverture specifically includes the sodium chloride of 7wt%, the potassium chloride of 3wt%, the carbonic acid of 5wt%
Sodium, the ice crystal of 5wt%, the borax of 4wt%, the fluorite of 6wt%, surplus are crystalline flake graphite.The coverture with a thickness of 100
~150mm.Meanwhile during melting, the application goes bad to obtained liquid copper magnesium alloy using alterant, described
Alterant is specially compound rare-earth, the specially La of the Ce of 30~45wt% and surplus in this application；In a particular embodiment,
The compound rare-earth is 40%Ce+60%La；The alterant is 0.04~0.06wt% of the cathode plate.By above drawing
Continuous casting obtains continuous up-casting casting bar, and in the process, the speed for drawing bar is 280~360mm/min.By the casting of continuous up-casting
The diameter of bar is 35mm.In continuous up-casting casting bar, the content of magnesium is 0.1~0.3wt%, and magnesium contains in copper magnesium alloy contact wire
Amount is the central factor for directly affecting alloy strength and electric conductivity, and magnesium element content is too low, and intensity does not reach requirement, magnesium member
The excessively high then electric conductivity of cellulose content can be more than design requirement；Therefore, the content of magnesium can meet copper in the application continuous up-casting casting bar
Magnesium alloy contact wire height leads, high-strength purpose.
Obtain continuous up-casting casting bar after then carried out it is continuously extruded, to obtain pressure ram.In the process, described
Continuously extruded is mode of operation well known to those skilled in the art, is not particularly limited to this application.In the process of extruding
In, it is continuously extruded so that alloy grain size reaches 10~20 μm, significantly promote the intensity of alloy；The speed of the extruding is
4~6r/min, temperature are 700~750 DEG C, and extruding shank diameter is 28~30mm.It is cooled down after pressing, the application is preferred
Antioxidant is added in cooling water to avoid the oxidation of pressure ram；The antioxidant is specially the n-butanol of 15~20wt%, 30
The mixture of the alcohol of the glycerol and surplus of~40wt%, more specifically, the mass ratio of the n-butanol, glycerol and alcohol is 1:
2:3；The additional amount of the antioxidant is 5~10wt% of cooling water.
According to the present invention, obtained pressure ram is finally subjected to continuous drawing, to obtain copper magnesium alloy contact wire.It is continuous to draw
Pulling out process is alloyed contact line plasticity and the final mode for increasing intensity, and schedule of reinforcement is processing hardening, by the way that plasticity is cold worked
Deformation improves alloy inside dislocation density to improve intensity.The continuous drawing is technical side well known to those skilled in the art
Formula is not particularly limited this application.During continuous drawing, the compression ratio of the continuous drawing is 40%~
80%.
This application provides the preparation method of copper magnesium alloy contact wire, the copper magnesium alloy line processing technology is simple, is convenient for behaviour
Make, and intensity >=430MPa of finally obtained copper magnesium alloy contact wire, 20 DEG C of resistivity≤0.02155 Ω mm2/m。
Preparation for a further understanding of the present invention, below with reference to embodiment to copper magnesium alloy contact wire provided by the invention
Method is described in detail, and protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
Embodiment 1
(1) continuous up-casting: 99.9% cathode plate is added together with 99.95% metal MAG block continuous up-casting furnace into
Row melting, 1250 ± 10 DEG C of temperature, surface addition coverture is protected, 100~150mm of cladding thickness, coverture proportion
(wt%): crystalline flake graphite 70%, sodium chloride 7%, potassium chloride 3%, sodium carbonate 5%, ice crystal 5%, borax 4%, fluorite 6%；
In fusion process, the mischmetal of copper sheet total weight 0.04~0.06%, mischmetal component: 40%Ce+ is also added
60%La；Draw bar speed 350mm/min, casts shank diameterFinished product casts bar content of magnesium control range 0.1~0.3%；Casting
My 250 ± 10MPa of bar intensity；
(2) continuously extruded: to be stripped off the skin, polished before extruding, guarantee that casting bar exposes fresh surface, extruder preheating is laggard
Continuously extruded, the extrusion speed 4r/min of row, squeezes 700~750 DEG C of temperature, obtained extruding shank diameterCooling water
Middle addition n-butanol, glycerol and crude alcohol mixture (mixed proportion 1:2:3) carry out copper bar after extruding as antioxidant cold
But；The intensity of pressure ram is 300 ± 10MPa；
(3) continuous drawing
Copper magnesium contact line is made in the pressure ram drawing in process (2) by continuous drawing technique, deformation amount controlling exists
40%~80%, the finished product copper magnesium contact line performance indicator produced, which reaches, has good conduction while guaranteeing some strength
Performance.
Copper magnesium alloy contact wire is prepared according to the method described above, in the case where extruding shank diameter is different from compression ratio, is obtained
The performance data table of the copper magnesium alloy contact wire of different cross-sectional shown in table 1, copper magnesium alloy contact wire is specifically as shown in table 1；
The performance data table of 1 copper magnesium alloy contact wire of table
The above description of the embodiment is only used to help understand the method for the present invention and its core ideas.It should be pointed out that pair
For those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, the present invention can also be carried out
Some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one
The widest scope of cause.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of copper magnesium alloy contact wire, comprising the following steps:
Cathode plate and metal MAG block are subjected to melting in continuous up-casting furnace, on the surface of the cathode plate and metal MAG block
Coverture is added, and is gone bad using alterant to obtained liquid copper magnesium alloy, continuous up-casting casting is obtained after continuous up-casting
Bar, it is 0.1~0.3wt% that the continuous up-casting, which casts content of magnesium in bar, and surplus is copper；
Continuous up-casting casting bar progress is continuously extruded, and cooling obtains pressure ram；
The pressure ram is subjected to continuous drawing, obtains copper magnesium alloy contact wire；
The coverture includes: the sodium chloride of 5~10wt%, the potassium chloride of 2~4wt%, the sodium carbonate of 4~8wt%, 3~
The ice crystal of 7wt%, the borax of 2~6wt%, the fluorite of 3~7wt%, surplus are crystalline flake graphite.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that during continuously extruded, the cooling it is cold
But the mixture of the alcohol of the n-butanol of 15~20wt%, the glycerol of 30~40wt% and surplus, the mixture are added in water
Additional amount be cooling water 5~10wt%.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the coverture includes: the sodium chloride of 7wt%,
The potassium chloride of 3wt%, the sodium carbonate of 5wt%, the ice crystal of 5wt%, the borax of 4wt%, the fluorite of 6wt%, surplus are scale
Graphite.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the alterant is compound rare-earth, described compound dilute
The La of Ce and surplus in soil including 30~45wt%.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that cathode plate described in the additional amount of the alterant
0.04~0.06wt%.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the coverture with a thickness of 100~150mm.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the continuous up-casting draw bar speed be 280~
360mm/min。
8. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the continuously extruded extrusion speed is 4~6r/
Min, squeezing temperature is 700~750 DEG C.
9. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the compression ratio of the pressure ram of the continuous drawing is 40
~80%.
10. described in any item preparation methods according to claim 1~9, which is characterized in that the purity of the cathode plate >=
99.9%, purity >=99.95% of the MAG block.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110373569A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-10-25 | 信承瑞技术有限公司 | A kind of harness copper magnesium alloy base material and its production technology |
| CN111168025A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-05-19 | 北京赛尔克瑞特电工有限公司 | Straightener and copper-magnesium alloy contact line production process |
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