CN109285620A - 无卤低烟柔性矿物质绝缘防火电缆 - Google Patents
无卤低烟柔性矿物质绝缘防火电缆 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提出了一种无卤低烟柔性矿物质绝缘防火电缆，包括线芯、屏蔽层和护套层，以及阻燃填充物，所述线芯为均匀分布的四组，每组包括导体和绝缘层，且每组的导体都为双绞线，所述双绞线导体的表面覆有第一绝缘层，第一绝缘层表面覆有第一屏蔽层；各组线芯之间设有将其包裹的阻燃填充物，所述阻燃填充物外设置有第二屏蔽层，所述第二屏蔽层表面上设置有第二绝缘层，所述第二绝缘层外以此设有铜网编织屏蔽层、辐照绝缘层和护套层，所述护套层为无卤低烟辐照交联阻燃聚烯烃护套。本发明的导体在柔软度上达到了较好的效果，而且符合变频的要求；而且通过设置的第一半导体屏蔽层等实现了较好的屏蔽效果，而且结构稳定坚固，耐用性好。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及电缆领域，特别是指一种无卤低烟柔性矿物质绝缘防火电缆。
背景技术
电线电缆具有电力输送和信息输送的作用，在人们生活和生产中发挥着重要的作用。设计和制备低烟、低毒，同时又具备优异阻燃性能和绝缘性能的电缆料，成为当今阻燃研究的热点。传统的氢氧化镁与氢氧化铝类阻燃剂，虽然能赋予材料良好的阻燃性能，但是，由于大多数电缆料的基体树脂为非极性的聚烯烃类高分子，与极性的氢氧化镁、氢氧化铝的相容性较差，往往会降低材料的力学性能和加工性能。研究出既具有良好的阻燃性能、同时具有环保性能，良好的机械加工性、较好的绝缘性能的电缆料材料成为电缆料发展的方向，本发明通过添加改性填料，大大提高了材料间的相容性，提高了电缆料的机械加工性能的同时还保证了电缆料的阻燃环保型。
随着全球经济的迅猛发展，及人类环保意识的增强，各领域对电线电缆的质量和性能的要求越来越高，因电线、电缆的老化而引发的火灾也越来越多，如何降低火灾的发生率及发生火灾的时的死亡率，低烟、无卤、环保也成为电线电缆行业的发展方向。其中无卤低烟电缆料的需求量越来越大。
矿物绝缘电缆(Mineral Insulated Cable)简称MI电缆。目前按结构特性可以分为刚性和柔性两种。刚性矿物绝缘电缆(BTTZ)是19世纪末瑞士工程师Arnold FrancoisBorel提出的设想，并于1896年获得专利权，1934-1936年法、英投入生产以后发展很快。我国也于上世纪六十年代研制，开始用于军事领域，80年代中期开始工业化生产，并逐步被建筑领域全面接受。
柔性矿物绝缘电缆(BBTRZ)是由铜绞线、矿物化合物绝缘、和矿物化合物护套所构成。其结构柔性，主要材料均采用无机材料，弥补了结构硬、易燃烧、有毒等缺陷，它还具有一些其他电缆所不可能具有的优点，如：耐火、载流量大、耐冲击电压、耐机械损伤、无卤无毒、防爆、防水、耐腐蚀、寿命长、安全、耐过载、成本低等特点。因柔性矿物绝缘电缆(BBTRZ)工作运行温度为70℃～90℃，达不到130℃以上要求，无法起到耐高温、防火的功能。
发明内容
本发明提出一种无卤低烟柔性矿物质绝缘防火电缆，能够实现耐磨、无卤、耐高温、防火等多种功能。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：一种无卤低烟柔性矿物质绝缘防火电缆，包括线芯、屏蔽层和护套层，以及阻燃填充物，所述线芯为均匀分布的四组，每组包括导体和绝缘层，且每组的导体都为双绞线，所述双绞线导体的表面覆有第一绝缘层，第一绝缘层表面覆有第一屏蔽层；各组线芯之间设有将其包裹的阻燃填充物，所述阻燃填充物外设置有第二屏蔽层，所述第二屏蔽层表面上设置有第二绝缘层，所述第二绝缘层外以此设有铜网编织屏蔽层、辐照绝缘层和护套层，所述护套层为无卤低烟辐照交联阻燃聚烯烃护套。
作为优选，所述第一绝缘层为防火绕包带重叠绕包而成，第二绝缘层为无卤低烟辐照交联聚乙烯制成。
作为优选，所述无卤低烟辐照交联阻燃聚烯烃，包括如下组分：聚氨酯热塑性弹性体、POE弹性体、氢氧化铝、柔强剂、聚丙烯树脂、次磷酸铝，硼酸锌、钼酸铵、抗氧剂、环氧油酸丁酯、炭黑、轻质碳酸钙。
作为优选，所述无卤低烟辐照交联阻燃聚烯烃包括按质量百分比的如下组分：聚氨酯热塑性弹性体20-30、POE弹性体10-20、氢氧化铝10-20、柔强剂5-10、聚丙烯树脂10-15、次磷酸铝5-10，硼酸锌2-5、钼酸铵2-5、抗氧剂1-2、环氧油酸丁酯5-10、炭黑2-3、轻质碳酸钙1-3。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：导体在柔软度上达到了较好的效果，而且符合变频的要求；而且通过设置的第一半导体屏蔽层等实现了较好的屏蔽效果，而且结构稳定坚固，耐用性好，设有的无卤低烟辐照交联阻燃聚烯烃护套层以及设于无卤低烟辐照交联阻燃聚烯烃护套层上的有乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物树脂层，使得本发明有了较好的无烟、阻燃且抗磨的特性。以该阻燃剂为原料制备电缆料，其避免存在相容性不好、稳定性较差等问题，可导致制备的电缆料的机械性能下降较大的问题。所得电缆料强度大，耐磨低烟，阻燃。产品各项性能符合JG/T313-2014《额定电压0.6/1KV及以下金属护套无机矿物绝缘电缆及终端》标准和BS 6387:2013《电缆在受火条件下保持线路完整性的耐火实验方法》要求，有效保证产品的使用寿命，安装敷设方便，完全能满足低压防火电力电缆的各项性能要求。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图。
图中：1、导体；2、第一绝缘层；3、第一屏蔽层；4、阻燃填充物；5、第二屏蔽层；6、第二绝缘层；7、铜网编织屏蔽层；8、辐照绝缘层；9、护套层。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例：参见图1，
一种无卤低烟柔性矿物质绝缘防火电缆，包括线芯、屏蔽层和护套层，以及阻燃填充物，所述线芯为均匀分布的四组，每组包括导体和绝缘层，且每组的导体都为双绞线，所述双绞线导体的表面覆有第一绝缘层，第一绝缘层表面覆有第一屏蔽层；各组线芯之间设有将其包裹的阻燃填充物，所述阻燃填充物外设置有第二屏蔽层，所述第二屏蔽层表面上设置有第二绝缘层，所述第二绝缘层外以此设有铜网编织屏蔽层、辐照绝缘层和护套层，所述护套层为无卤低烟辐照交联阻燃聚烯烃护套。
作为优选，所述第一绝缘层为防火绕包带重叠绕包而成，第二绝缘层为无卤低烟辐照交联聚乙烯制成。
作为优选，所述无卤低烟辐照交联阻燃聚烯烃，包括如下组分：聚氨酯热塑性弹性体、POE弹性体、氢氧化铝、柔强剂、聚丙烯树脂、次磷酸铝，硼酸锌、钼酸铵、抗氧剂、环氧油酸丁酯、炭黑、轻质碳酸钙。
实施例1，所述无卤低烟辐照交联阻燃聚烯烃包括按质量百分比的如下组分：聚氨酯热塑性弹性体20、POE弹性体10、氢氧化铝10、柔强剂7、聚丙烯树脂15、次磷酸铝10，硼酸锌5、钼酸铵5、抗氧剂2、环氧油酸丁酯10、炭黑3、轻质碳酸钙3。
实施例2，所述无卤低烟辐照交联阻燃聚烯烃包括按质量百分比的如下组分：聚氨酯热塑性弹性体30、POE弹性体20、氢氧化铝17、柔强剂5、聚丙烯树脂10、次磷酸铝5，硼酸锌2、钼酸铵2、抗氧剂1、环氧油酸丁酯5、炭黑2、轻质碳酸钙1。
实施例3，所述无卤低烟辐照交联阻燃聚烯烃包括按质量百分比的如下组分：聚氨酯热塑性弹性体22、POE弹性体13、氢氧化铝20、柔强剂10、聚丙烯树脂12、次磷酸铝6，硼酸锌2、钼酸铵4、抗氧剂1、环氧油酸丁酯6、炭黑2、轻质碳酸钙2。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：导体在柔软度上达到了较好的效果，而且符合变频的要求；而且通过设置的第一半导体屏蔽层等实现了较好的屏蔽效果，而且结构稳定坚固，耐用性好，设有的无卤低烟辐照交联阻燃聚烯烃护套层以及设于无卤低烟辐照交联阻燃聚烯烃护套层上的有乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物树脂层，使得本发明有了较好的无烟、阻燃且抗磨的特性。以该阻燃剂为原料制备电缆料，其避免存在相容性不好、稳定性较差等问题，可导致制备的电缆料的机械性能下降较大的问题。所得电缆料强度大，耐磨低烟，阻燃。产品各项性能符合JG/T313-2014《额定电压0.6/1KV及以下金属护套无机矿物绝缘电缆及终端》标准和BS 6387:2013《电缆在受火条件下保持线路完整性的耐火实验方法》要求，有效保证产品的使用寿命，安装敷设方便，完全能满足低压防火电力电缆的各项性能要求。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (4)
1.一种无卤低烟柔性矿物质绝缘防火电缆，包括线芯、屏蔽层和护套层，以及阻燃填充物，其特征在于：所述线芯为均匀分布的四组，每组包括导体和绝缘层，且每组的导体都为双绞线，所述双绞线导体的表面覆有第一绝缘层，第一绝缘层表面覆有第一屏蔽层；各组线芯之间设有将其包裹的阻燃填充物，所述阻燃填充物外设置有第二屏蔽层，所述第二屏蔽层表面上设置有第二绝缘层，所述第二绝缘层外以此设有铜网编织屏蔽层、辐照绝缘层和护套层，所述护套层为无卤低烟辐照交联阻燃聚烯烃护套。
2.根据权利要求1所述的无卤低烟柔性矿物质绝缘防火电缆，其特征在于：所述第一绝缘层为防火绕包带重叠绕包而成，第二绝缘层为无卤低烟辐照交联聚乙烯制成。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的无卤低烟柔性矿物质绝缘防火电缆，其特征在于：所述无卤低烟辐照交联阻燃聚烯烃，包括如下组分:聚氨酯热塑性弹性体、POE弹性体、氢氧化铝、柔强剂、聚丙烯树脂、次磷酸铝，硼酸锌、钼酸铵、抗氧剂、环氧油酸丁酯、炭黑、轻质碳酸钙。
4.根据权利要求3所述的无卤低烟柔性矿物质绝缘防火电缆，其特征在于：所述无卤低烟辐照交联阻燃聚烯烃包括按质量百分比的如下组分：聚氨酯热塑性弹性体20-30、POE弹性体10-20、氢氧化铝10-20、柔强剂5-10、聚丙烯树脂10-15、次磷酸铝5-10，硼酸锌2-5、钼酸铵2-5、抗氧剂1-2、环氧油酸丁酯5-10、炭黑2-3、轻质碳酸钙1-3。
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