CN109285427A - A kind of centripetal force demonstrator - Google Patents
A kind of centripetal force demonstrator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109285427A CN109285427A CN201710603755.4A CN201710603755A CN109285427A CN 109285427 A CN109285427 A CN 109285427A CN 201710603755 A CN201710603755 A CN 201710603755A CN 109285427 A CN109285427 A CN 109285427A
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- China
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- demonstrator
- centripetal force
- rotating shaft
- central rotating
- swing ball
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/06—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
- G09B23/08—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics
- G09B23/10—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics of solid bodies
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
- Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
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- Educational Administration (AREA)
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- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Educational Technology (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
Abstract
In order to quickly and accurately measure centripetal force size, preferably verifying centripetal force formula, the present invention provide a kind of centripetal force demonstrator, are related to a kind of physics teaching experiment instrument.The demonstrator is mainly made of motor, timer, central rotating shaft, protractor, bracket, swing ball, dial and lifting platform.According to design scheme provided by the present invention, the swing ball of the demonstrator, which is moved from original manually controlling, becomes Motor Control, the horizontal movement track of swing ball is closer to standard round, the run duration of swing ball and the circle number of movement also switch to timer automatic measurement by manual measurement, experimental error greatly reduces, the development that Experimental Research teaching is more advantageous to as a result, can simultaneously organically combine with traditional experiment can be rapidly and accurately calculated by the measurement of angle and time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of physics teaching experiment instruments.
Background technique
Teach version in the required 2(people of senior middle school's " physics ") " centripetal force " section in, the experiment of verifying centripetal force expression formula is round
Conical pendulm.Basic experimentation is to be suspended on prill on iron stand with cord, spreads be decorated with concentric circles on the table
Blank sheet of paper adjusts the bracket of iron stand first, is located at the original state of prill right above the center of circle of concentric circles；Then hand is used
Bead is driven, bead is allowed to do taper swinging momvement, measures the time of bead movement with stopwatch when moving relatively stable, and is remembered simultaneously
The circle number for recording bead movement, the bead of movement will also be overlapped from above iron stand straight down with which concentric circles, mark
This lower circle, measures the radius of this marked circle after waiting beads to stop；It can be counted according to the time of bead movement and movement circle number
The period of bead movement is calculated, formula is substituted into together with the radius of marked circle can calculate centripetal force size suffered by bead；
It calculates the resultant force of pulling force and gravity again according to the composition principle of power, the size of two power can be compared, finally obtain experiment knot
By.
This experiment on teaching material is all fine in terms of design, principle, operation and the property of participation of student, but in field research
There is also some insufficient in the process: 1, because being to use hand-motion bead, bead is difficult with the naked eye see along some circular motion
The motion profile of bead is not round out；2, since bead movement is irregular, it is difficult to determine and uses which circle as marked circle, it is practical to grasp
The randomness of work is very big；3, movement circle number and the time of bead are with the naked eye estimated, it is easy to malfunction；4, record circle number generally not
More than 5 circles, bead will slowly stop；5, the operand for calculating resultant force is bigger.The experimental results error that student measures is very big,
Teacher will do many explanations in teaching, cause student not high to the confidence level of experiment, teaching efficiency is not achieved.
Summary of the invention
It is above in order to overcome the shortcomings of, centripetal force size is quickly and accurately measured, preferably verifying centripetal force formula, this
Invention provides a kind of centripetal force demonstrator, is related to a kind of physics teaching experiment instrument.The demonstrator is mainly by motor, timing
Device, central rotating shaft, protractor, bracket, swing ball, dial and lifting platform composition, it is very easy to use as a whole.According to
Design scheme provided by the present invention, the swing ball of the demonstrator, which is moved from original manually controlling, becomes Motor Control, swing ball
Horizontal movement track closer to standard round, the circle number of the run duration of swing ball and movement also by manual measurement switch to timer from
Dynamic measurement, experimental error are greatly reduced, can rapidly and accurately be calculated by the measurement of simple angle and time as a result, simultaneously
It can be organically combined with traditional experiment, be more advantageous to the development of Experimental Research teaching.The present invention solves its technical problem and is used
Scheme mainly have the following.
1, the shaft of the motor in the demonstrator is connect with central rotating shaft, and can control the revolving speed of central rotating shaft.
2, the protractor in the demonstrator and central rotating shaft are connected to one, and protractor and its scale on surface close
Symmetrical in central rotating shaft, vertical direction is zero groove, and maximum scale is 90 degree.
3, in the demonstrator, swing ball is connected with cycloid, and cycloid is connected with pointer again, and pointer is fixed by screws in angulation
At the zero graduation of device, when swing ball movement, pointer can be driven to be freely rotated around screw by cycloid.
4, the anti-dazzling screen of the demonstrator is fixedly connected with central rotating shaft, and symmetrical about central rotating shaft.
5, the central rotating shaft of demonstrator passes through the center of circle of wing dial, and the circular arc on wing dial is all concentric circles
Circular arc, wing dial are also symmetrical about central rotating shaft.
6, there is a coaxial lifting platform in the lower part of central rotating shaft, the lengthening adjusting screw rod of lifting platform passes through bracket, adjusts rotation
Button is in stent outer, for adjusting the height of wing dial.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the revolving speed of motor it is adjustable, stablize, than with manually control specification；In demonstrator
Anti-dazzling screen, protractor, swing ball, cycloid, pointer, wing dial and lifting platform are all symmetrical about central rotating shaft, can guarantee swing ball
Movement is steady, the circular motion that the motion profile of swing ball in the horizontal plane is near the mark；It is measured and is hidden with the timer with photoelectric door
The shading number of mating plate and total shading time are more accurate with stopwatch than with the naked eye to measure the angular speed that swing ball moves；Work as swing ball
When stability of rotation, the drift angle of cycloid and initial position can be directly read rapidly by the pointer on protractor, experimental error is big
It is big to reduce；Can directly read the radius of circular arc using wing dial, reappear the experimental method that teaching material provides, guidance student into
Row relatively inquiry experiment, the whole experiment process used time is very short, and simple to operation, student's property of participation is strong.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is experimental principle figure of the invention.
Fig. 2 is structural schematic diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of centripetal force demonstrators, can use new experimental program and traditional organic knot of experimental method
It closes, quickly and accurately measures the size of centripetal force, verify the expression formula of centripetal force.As long as utilizing angulation in whole experiment process
Device measures the pivot angle θ of bead, and the moving radius R of swing ball is measured with wing dial, as shown in Figure 1, experiment can be obtained rapidly
As a result.
Structural schematic diagram of the invention is as shown in Fig. 2, include the motor (1) with speed-regulating switch, timer (2), shading
Piece (3), photoelectric door (4), central rotating shaft (5), protractor (6), bracket (7), pointer (8), cycloid (9), swing ball (10), wing quarter
Scale (11), lifting platform (12), lifting platform adjusting screw rod (13), lifting platform adjusting knob (14), adjustable support foot (15).?
In the embodiment, firstly, adjust the adjusting nut of bottom two, make cycloid under static state with the zero graduation line pair of protractor
Together, to determine the initial position of cycloid；Timer and photogate are opened simultaneously, in this embodiment, timer uses
Be that FB213 type digital display timing counts millisecond instrument, preset pendulous frequency n times (can need arbitrarily set from 1 ~ 99 time according to experiment
It sets).
Then, slowly start motor since low-grade, swing ball and entire central rotating shaft is allowed to turn in the counterclockwise direction together
It is dynamic, it ramps up；When to stability of rotation, the drift angle that pointer and initial position can be observed is kept approximately constant.In swing ball and pendulum
After line stability of rotation, " execution " key of timer is pressed, timer begins to timing, every metering a cycle, and the period shows numerical value
Successively decrease one by one, when being decremented to " 0 ", timing terminates, and timer shows that the time t in accumulative n period, record timer are set
The cycle times n and total time t set.Swing ball movement is calculated according to the cycle times n of timer record and total time t
Cycle T,
Circular motion formula is recycled to calculate the angular velocity omega of swing ball,
。
Lifting platform adjusting knob (14) slowly are adjusted, keep wing dial (11) close but are not contacted swing ball (10), from upper
The swing ball (10) that movement is observed straight down by side is overlapped with which circular arc of wing dial (11), is marked this lower circular arc and is remembered
Swing ball moving radius R and angular velocity omega, are substituted into centripetal force formula by the moving radius R for recording lower swing ball
Centripetal force F suffered by swing ball can quickly be calculated1。
After bead rotation is steady, the drift angle registration θ of any pointer on protractor is directly read and recorded.According to the conjunction of power
At knowledge, bias angle theta is substituted into formula
Resultant force F suffered by swing ball can quickly be calculated2。
It is repeated several times above-mentioned experimentation, more each centripetal force F1With resultant force F2Size, can smoothly obtain reality
Test conclusion.
Because the quality m of swing ball during the experiment is remained unchanged, so It is not necessary to measuring the specific number of the quality m of swing ball
Value is come, calculated centripetal force F1 and resultant force F2It is all the expression formula of the quality m containing swing ball.As long as in the entire experiment process
The registration for measuring and recording bias angle theta, arc radius R and timer, without carrying out other measurements.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of centripetal force demonstrator, the demonstrator mainly by motor, timer, central rotating shaft, protractor, bracket, swing ball,
Dial and lifting platform composition, it is characterised in that the shaft of the motor in the demonstrator is connect with central rotating shaft, and can control
The revolving speed of central rotating shaft.
2. a kind of centripetal force demonstrator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that protractor and center in the demonstrator
Shaft is connected to one, and protractor and its scale on surface are symmetrical about central rotating shaft, and vertical direction is zero groove, most
High range is 90 degree.
3. a kind of centripetal force demonstrator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the demonstrator, swing ball and cycloid phase
Even, cycloid is connected with pointer again, and pointer is fixed by screws at the zero graduation of protractor, when swing ball movement, can pass through pendulum
Line drives pointer to be freely rotated around screw.
4. a kind of centripetal force demonstrator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the anti-dazzling screen of the demonstrator and center turn
Axis is fixedly connected, and symmetrical about central rotating shaft.
5. a kind of centripetal force demonstrator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the central rotating shaft of demonstrator passes through wing
The center of circle of dial, the circular arc on wing dial are all the circular arcs of concentric circles, and wing dial is also symmetrical about central rotating shaft.
6. a kind of centripetal force demonstrator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that have in the lower part of central rotating shaft one coaxial
The lengthening adjusting screw rod of lifting platform, lifting platform passes through bracket, and adjusting knob is in stent outer, for adjusting the height of wing dial
Degree.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710603755.4A CN109285427A (en) | 2017-07-23 | 2017-07-23 | A kind of centripetal force demonstrator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710603755.4A CN109285427A (en) | 2017-07-23 | 2017-07-23 | A kind of centripetal force demonstrator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109285427A true CN109285427A (en) | 2019-01-29 |
Family
ID=65185980
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710603755.4A Withdrawn CN109285427A (en) | 2017-07-23 | 2017-07-23 | A kind of centripetal force demonstrator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109285427A (en) |
-
2017
- 2017-07-23 CN CN201710603755.4A patent/CN109285427A/en not_active Withdrawn
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20190129 |
|
| WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |