CN109280470B - Intermediate coating for fiber-reinforced epoxy resin composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Intermediate coating for fiber-reinforced epoxy resin composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109280470B CN109280470B CN201810876238.9A CN201810876238A CN109280470B CN 109280470 B CN109280470 B CN 109280470B CN 201810876238 A CN201810876238 A CN 201810876238A CN 109280470 B CN109280470 B CN 109280470B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/63—Additives non-macromolecular organic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2237—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of titanium
- C08K2003/2241—Titanium dioxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K2003/3045—Sulfates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/014—Additives containing two or more different additives of the same subgroup in C08K
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of coatings, and particularly relates to a middle coating for a fiber-reinforced epoxy resin composite material and a preparation method thereof. The paint consists of a modified polyurethane dispersoid, a leveling agent, a dispersant BYK-190, a defoaming agent, a pH value regulator, a film-forming additive, a cosolvent, titanium dioxide, talcum powder, barium sulfate, conductive carbon black, conductive mica, a nonionic associative thickener, an alkali swelling thickener and deionized water. The water-based primer surfacer has good wettability and strong adhesive force to a water-based primer, can be thickly coated on the surface of a workpiece with a complex shape without sagging, and the formed paint film has a flat surface state and good filling property, water resistance and polishing property.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coatings, and particularly relates to a middle coating for a fiber-reinforced epoxy resin composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The composite material is a novel engineering material developed in recent decades, has the advantages of high specific strength, high specific stiffness and low relative density, and is particularly widely applied to the fields of motorcycle helmets, aircraft shells, wind power blades and the like by using glass fiber composite materials, carbon fiber composite materials and the like with epoxy resin as a matrix.
However, the composite material is subjected to the comprehensive action of factors such as humid gas, salt fog, rain, sunshine and the like in the air in nature, so that the composite material generates an aging phenomenon, and the appearance and the mechanical property of the composite material are deteriorated. Therefore, it is very important to apply a coating layer on the surface of the composite material. The fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite substrate generally adopts a three-layer coating system, namely a primer, a middle coating and a finish. The intermediate coating has the functions of covering the surface defects of the base material, improving the impact resistance mechanical property of the coating, leveling the base surface and providing a denser surface to improve the adhesive force and the gloss of the finish paint.
Most of the currently widely used intermediate coating is solvent-based products, and in recent years, due to the national environmental protection policy and the stricter and stricter emission control on Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC), the solvent-based coating is rapidly converted into an environment-friendly water-based coating. The existing water-based intermediate coating used by a plurality of enterprises has the series problems of poor adhesion with a primer, poor wetting, slow drying, poor water resistance and fullness, easy sagging during construction and the like. At present, the fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material shell and a large workpiece are generally dried by flashing for 5-8 min after coating, namely, low-temperature baking or normal-temperature drying is carried out at 50-65 ℃. However, if the drying speed is increased blindly, the defects of miliaria, dark bubbles and the like are easily generated when the water-based paint is baked; and because the solid content of the water-based paint in construction is generally 40-50% lower than that of the solvent-based paint, the defects of covering grinding marks and substrate defects can be overcome by increasing the coating thickness. The existing water-based paint has serious sagging when the thickness of the existing water-based paint exceeds 45 mu m at one time, and can not meet the coating requirements.
Patent document CN106987201A discloses an aqueous polyurethane primer surfacer comprising an aqueous hydroxyl acrylic dispersion (XP 2470 of bayer), an anionic polyacrylic dispersion (XP 2457 of bayer), an aqueous aliphatic isocyanate (XP 2655 of bayer), calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, talc, rutile titanium dioxide, carbon black, a wetting agent (selected from TEGO755, TEGO760, TEGO270, and TEGO280), a defoaming agent, a film forming aid (alcohol ester-12), a leveling agent (BYK-333), a thickener (selected from hydrophobic modified polyurethane RM-8W, nonionic polyurethane 105A), a cosolvent (selected from ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and propylene glycol methyl ether acetate), and water. The wet film thickness of the waterborne polyurethane intermediate coat reaches more than 85 mu m without sagging, so that the interlayer adhesion between the waterborne polyurethane intermediate coat and a primer and a finish coat is better, but the intermediate coat contains various resins, the formula is complex, and the coating performance of the intermediate coat is still to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art (such as poor adhesion between a water-based primer and a primer, poor wetting, slow drying, poor water resistance and fullness, easy sagging during construction and the like), the invention provides the primer surfacer for the fiber-reinforced epoxy resin composite material, which has good wettability and strong adhesion to the water-based primer, can be thickly coated on the surface of a workpiece with a complex shape without sagging, has high drying speed, and forms a paint film with smooth surface state and good water resistance and polishing performance.
The invention provides a primer surfacer for a fiber-reinforced epoxy resin composite material, which is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 40-45% of modified polyurethane dispersoid, 0.3-0.4% of flatting agent, 0.3-4.0% of dispersing agent BYK-1903.0, 0.2-0.3% of defoaming agent, 0.6-0.8% of pH value regulator, 1.5-2.0% of film-forming assistant, 4-6% of cosolvent, 12-16% of titanium dioxide, 4-6% of talcum powder, 4-6% of barium sulfate, 0.8-1.0% of conductive carbon black, 4-6% of conductive mica, 0.5-1% of nonionic associative thickener, 1-2% of alkali swelling thickener and 100% of deionized water.
Preferably, the solid content of the modified polyurethane dispersion is 44-50%, the average particle size is 60-80 nm, the average molecular weight is 12-15 ten thousand, and the thixotropic index is 2.6-2.8. More preferably, the modified polyurethane dispersion is an anionic aliphatic aqueous polyurethane dispersion Adwel1865, tradename wanhua, model number Adwel 1865.
Preferably, the leveling agent is TEGO Flow300, the brand of which is Digao, and the model of which is Flow 300.
Preferably, the defoamer is TEGO Foamex830 with a Digao brand and a Foamex830 model.
Preferably, the pH regulator is AMP-95, which is Dow brand and is AMP-95 type.
Preferably, the coalescing agent is TEXANOL ester alcohol, the brand of which is Istman, and the type of which is TEXANOL ester alcohol.
Preferably, the cosolvent is dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether or dipropylene glycol butyl ether.
Preferably, the nonionic associative thickener is Borchi Gel 0620, under the brand name Borchers OMgroup, model number Borchi Gel 0620.
Preferably, the alkali swelling thickener is Borchi GelALA, under the brand name Borchers OM Group, under the model number Borchi GelALA.
The dispersant is BYK-190, the brand of which is Bike, and the model of which is BYK-190. The titanium dioxide is rutile titanium dioxide, the brand of which is DuPont, and the model of which is R706. The mesh number of the talcum powder and the barium sulfate is less than 1250 meshes. The conductive carbon black is high-pigment conductive carbon black, specifically VXC-72, and the brand is Kabot and the model is VXC-72. The conductive mica is BC-D40, the brand of the conductive mica is Shanghai Junjiang, and the model of the conductive mica is BC-D40.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a preparation method of the primer surfacer for the fiber-reinforced epoxy resin composite material, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, adding deionized water, a dispersing agent, a defoaming agent and a pH value regulator into a dispersing cylinder according to the formula ratio, uniformly dispersing, slowly adding titanium dioxide, talcum powder, barium sulfate and conductive carbon black, pre-dispersing for 20-30 min at the rotating speed of 800-1000 rpm, and grinding the pre-dispersed mixture to be less than 15 microns by using a sand mill to obtain color paste;
s2, adding the modified polyurethane dispersoid, the flatting agent, the film-forming assistant and the cosolvent in the formula ratio into a paint preparation cylinder for uniform dispersion, then adding the color paste and the conductive mica, dispersing for 10-20 min at the rotating speed of 600-800 rpm, then adding the alkali swelling thickener and the nonionic associative thickener for viscosity and rheological property adjustment, and filtering to obtain the primer surfacer for the fiber-reinforced epoxy resin composite material.
The invention concept of the invention for the intermediate coating of the fiber-reinforced epoxy resin composite material is as follows: firstly, the anionic aliphatic waterborne polyurethane dispersion Adwel1865 with the average particle size of 60-80 nm, the average molecular weight of 15-18 ten thousand, the thixotropic index of 2.6-2.8 and the minimum film forming temperature of 5 ℃ is used as main resin, the nano dispersion is more beneficial to improving the film forming and compactness of a coating, the high molecular weight resin can form a film at room temperature to obtain good water resistance, and meanwhile, the modified polyurethane dispersion adopted by the invention has certain thixotropy and can obtain a high-thixotropy waterborne coating under the synergistic action of a rheological additive.
Secondly, compounding a nonionic associative thickener Borchi Gel 0620 and an alkali swelling thickener Borchi GelALA, and mainly using the alkali swelling thickener Borchi GelALA to adjust the viscosity of the paint; the strong pseudoplastic nonionic associative thickener Borchi Gel 0620 is used as an auxiliary to further improve the thixotropy of the intermediate coating, so that the coating has proper viscosity and good construction performance, and even if the coating is constructed under the condition of low-temperature and high-humidity environment, the coating does not sag and has a high surface drying speed, and the surface drying can be carried out within 8 minutes at room temperature.
In addition, the invention adopts dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether or dipropylene glycol butyl ether as the cosolvent, and the cosolvent has high boiling point, so that the defects of miliaria, dark bubbles and the like when a paint film which is dried at room temperature is quickly baked at 60 ℃ can be avoided. Meanwhile, the invention adopts the conductive carbon black and the conductive mica as functional fillers, can avoid the problems of electrostatic field change and uneven coating caused by current fluctuation during electrostatic coating, can carry out one-time thick coating on the surface of a workpiece with a complex shape, has good wet film leveling property and does not sag with the thickness of more than 65 mu m, and solves the technical problems of paint film fullness and poor covering power caused by low construction solid content of water-based middle coating.
Therefore, compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the intermediate coating for the fiber-reinforced epoxy resin composite material has good wettability, strong adhesive force and high thixotropy to a water-based primer, can be used for one-time thick coating on the surface of a workpiece with a complex shape, has good wet film leveling property and no sagging when the thickness is more than 65 mu m, and forms a coating film with flat and smooth surface state, good fullness, high hardness, good filling property, water resistance and polishing property.
(2) The intermediate coating for the fiber-reinforced epoxy resin composite material is suitable for the assembly line coating processes of air spraying, disc and rotary cup electrostatic spraying and the like, and meanwhile, the preparation method is simple, the process is stable, the conditions are controllable, the raw materials are easy to obtain, the industrial production can be realized, and the popularization and the application are facilitated.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
Examples, inventive intercoat for fiber reinforced epoxy resin composites
The weight ratio of 6 examples of the lacquers according to the invention is listed in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 formulation of floating coats in inventive examples 1-6
The preparation method of the paint in examples 1-6 is as follows:
s1, adding deionized water, a dispersing agent, a defoaming agent and a pH value regulator into a dispersing cylinder according to the formula ratio, uniformly dispersing, slowly adding titanium dioxide, talcum powder, barium sulfate and conductive carbon black, pre-dispersing for 30min at the rotating speed of 800rpm, and grinding the pre-dispersed mixture to be less than 15 microns by using a sand mill to obtain color paste;
s2, adding the modified polyurethane dispersoid, the flatting agent, the film-forming assistant and the cosolvent according to the formula ratio into a paint preparation cylinder for uniform dispersion, then adding the color paste and the conductive mica, dispersing for 15min at the rotating speed of 700rpm, then adding the alkali swelling thickener and the nonionic associative thickener for viscosity and rheological property adjustment, and filtering to obtain the primer surfacer for the fiber-reinforced epoxy resin composite material.
Test example one, the invention is used for the performance detection of the primer surfacer of the fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material
The performance of the paints and coatings thereof in examples 1-6 were tested, and the results are shown in Table 2 below.
TABLE 2 results of the tests of the properties of the paints in the examples
From table 2 above, it can be seen that:
(1) the primer used for the primer of the fiber-reinforced epoxy resin composite material has the advantages of high construction solid content, proper viscosity, good thixotropy, no sagging due to the fact that the thickness of a wet film is more than 65 mu m, the surface drying time is within 5-8 min, the formed paint film is flat and smooth, no defects such as miliaria and dark bubbles exist, and even if the primer is constructed under the condition of low temperature and high humidity, the paint cannot sag, has high surface drying speed, and has good construction performance.
(2) The intermediate coating for the fiber-reinforced epoxy resin composite material has good wettability and strong adhesive force to a water-based primer coated on the fiber-reinforced epoxy resin composite material, the adhesive force reaches 0 level, the intermediate coating can be thickly coated on the surface of a workpiece with a complex shape without sagging, and meanwhile, the coating has high hardness and good water resistance and sanding property, thereby meeting the good application on a fiber-reinforced epoxy resin composite material product. In examples 1 to 6, the overall performance of the paint in example 4 was the best, so example 4 was the best example of the present invention.
Test example II, influence of different raw materials and proportions on painting performance of the invention
Comparative example 1: the comparative example differs from example 4 only in that: the feed Adwel 1861 was used in place of Adwel 1865.
Comparative example 2: the comparative example differs from example 4 only in that: the raw material BYK-333 was used instead of TEGOFlow 300.
Comparative example 3: the comparative example differs from example 4 only in that: BYK-190 was replaced by the starting material Dispex UltraPX 4585.
Comparative example 4: the comparative example differs from example 4 only in that: the raw material TEGO 3060 was used instead of Borchi Gel 0620.
Comparative example 5: the comparative example differs from example 4 only in that: the raw material Rheovis AS1130 was used instead of Borchi GelALA.
Comparative example 6: the comparative example differs from example 4 only in that: the amount of Borchi Gel 0620 was adjusted to 1.4kg and the amount of Borchi GelALA was adjusted to 0.7 kg.
The preparation methods of comparative examples 1 to 6 refer to the examples of the present invention, and the performances of the paints and coatings thereof of comparative examples 1 to 6 are tested by referring to the method of test example one, and the results are shown in table 3 below.
TABLE 3 results of the tests of the properties of the paints in the respective proportions
From table 3 above, it can be seen that: on the basis of the example 4 of the invention, the variety or the proportion of individual raw materials is changed, and the reduction of partial or even all performances is accompanied, so that the coating is a complex system, and the change of all factors can influence the performances of the coating. Therefore, the invention obtains the primer surfacer which has excellent performance, particularly good thixotropy, high drying speed, no sagging and no defects of miliaria, dark bubbles and the like in the wet film thickness of more than 65 mu m and has good wettability and adhesive force when being applied to the fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material water-based primer through the combination of specific raw materials.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The primer surfacer for the fiber-reinforced epoxy resin composite material is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 40-45% of modified polyurethane dispersion, 0.3-0.4% of flatting agent, 0.3-4.0% of dispersing agent BYK-1903.0, 0.2-0.3% of defoaming agent, 0.6-0.8% of pH value regulator, 1.5-2.0% of film-forming assistant, 4-6% of cosolvent, 12-16% of titanium dioxide, 4-6% of talcum powder, 4-6% of barium sulfate, 0.8-1.0% of conductive carbon black, 4-6% of conductive mica, 0.5-1% of nonionic associative thickener, 1-2% of alkali swelling thickener and the balance of deionized water being 100%;
the modified polyurethane dispersion is an anionic aliphatic waterborne polyurethane dispersion Adwel 1865;
the leveling agent is TEGO Flow 300;
the cosolvent is dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether or dipropylene glycol butyl ether;
the nonionic associative thickener is Borchi Gel 0620;
the alkali swelling thickener is Borchi Gel A LA.
2. The midcoat paint for fiber reinforced epoxy resin composites as claimed in claim 1, wherein the defoamer is TEGO Foamex 830.
3. The primer surfacer for fiber-reinforced epoxy resin composites according to claim 1, wherein said pH adjusting agent is AMP-95.
4. The intercoat paint for fiber reinforced epoxy resin composites of claim 1, wherein the coalescent is TEXANOL ester alcohol.
5. The preparation method of the primer surfacer for the fiber-reinforced epoxy resin composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the following steps:
s1, adding deionized water, a dispersing agent, a defoaming agent and a pH value regulator into a dispersing cylinder according to the formula ratio, uniformly dispersing, slowly adding titanium dioxide, talcum powder, barium sulfate and conductive carbon black, pre-dispersing for 20-30 min at the rotating speed of 800-1000 rpm, and grinding the pre-dispersed mixture to be less than 15 microns by using a sand mill to obtain color paste;
s2, adding the modified polyurethane dispersoid, the flatting agent, the film-forming assistant and the cosolvent in the formula ratio into a paint preparation cylinder for uniform dispersion, then adding the color paste and the conductive mica, dispersing for 10-20 min at the rotating speed of 600-800 rpm, then adding the alkali swelling thickener and the nonionic associative thickener for viscosity and rheological property adjustment, and filtering to obtain the primer surfacer for the fiber-reinforced epoxy resin composite material.
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