CN109279597B - Preparation method of transparent graphene film - Google Patents
Preparation method of transparent graphene film Download PDFInfo
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- CN109279597B CN109279597B CN201811135855.XA CN201811135855A CN109279597B CN 109279597 B CN109279597 B CN 109279597B CN 201811135855 A CN201811135855 A CN 201811135855A CN 109279597 B CN109279597 B CN 109279597B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a transparent graphene film, which comprises the steps of firstly preparing a graphene nano dispersion liquid by using a liquid phase stripping method, then transferring a graphene nanosheet into a volatile organic solvent by introducing an amphiphilic high-molecular surfactant to form a stable dispersion liquid, and finally forming different layers of graphene transparent films on a substrate by using an LB (Langmuir-Blodgett) film forming technology. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of wide application range, simple process, strong operability, high preparation efficiency and the like, and can avoid structural defects of cracks, incomplete transfer and the like caused by the traditional film transfer method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of nanometer functional materials, in particular to a preparation method of a transparent graphene film.
Background
Graphene nanoplatelets are two-dimensional materials with carbon atoms only a single carbon atom thick formed by a hexagonal lattice of sp2 hybrids. Graphene nanoplatelets exhibit a number of unique excellent properties, including extremely high electron conduction rates, excellent strength and thermal conductivity properties, and high light transmittance.
Currently, there are various methods for preparing graphene nanoplatelets, including a liquid phase exfoliation method, a micro-mechanical exfoliation method, a chemical vapor deposition method, an epitaxial growth method, a graphene oxide reduction method, and the like, which have advantages and disadvantages, and are respectively suitable for different application ranges. The micro-mechanical stripping method and the chemical vapor deposition method can obtain large-size high-quality graphene nanosheets with few structural defects, but the micro-mechanical stripping method can only obtain a very small amount of graphene and is not suitable for industrial application, and although the production scale of the vapor deposition method is gradually enlarged in recent years, the substrate transfer of the vapor deposition method is still a current problem. The epitaxial growth method is high in cost and is not suitable for large-scale industrial production. The graphene oxide route is widely concerned because the graphene oxide route can be prepared in a large scale, and the obtained nanosheet has the characteristics of large size, chemical diversity and the like. However, the reduced graphene is obtained by reducing the graphene oxide under extreme conditions or by a special method, and the obtained reduced graphene still has a large number of structural defects, so that the performance index of the reduced graphene is low.
The liquid phase stripping method can prepare high-quality graphene nanosheets on a large scale, can avoid the introduction of structural defects similar to graphene oxide, and has attracted much attention in recent years. The liquid phase stripping method is used for stripping natural graphite and the like through ultrasonic or shearing to obtain the graphene nanosheet. This process may be carried out in an organic solvent having an appropriate surface tension, such as Dimethylformamide (DMF), methylpyrrolidone (NMP), etc., or in an aqueous solution to which a surfactant or a polymeric stabilizer is added. The method for preparing large-size graphene nanosheets by taking expanded graphite as a raw material and performing liquid phase exfoliation developed in recent years is actually an expansion of the traditional liquid phase exfoliation method, such as obtaining the expanded graphite by an electrochemical method, a high-temperature treatment method, a chemical method and an ion insertion method. The liquid phase stripping method can also be used for preparing other types of two-dimensional nanosheets, such as molybdenum disulfide, boron nitride, manganese dioxide and the like.
The graphene transparent film has wide application prospect, such as being used for solar cells, flexible display, wearable equipment and the like. At present, the graphene transparent film prepared by taking the graphene nanosheet obtained by the liquid phase stripping method as the raw material still faces great challenges, such as the defects of complex process, poor performance of the graphene film and the like. One method is to form a film on the filter membrane by suction filtration and then transfer the film to a different substrate. The method has the disadvantages that the transfer is incomplete, cracks are easily caused, or a filter membrane needs to be dissolved by a chemical method so as to obtain the graphene transparent film.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a simple method based on LB film making technology for overcoming the defects of the existing technology for preparing a graphene transparent film by using graphene nano sheets obtained by a liquid phase stripping method as raw materials, and the method is suitable for preparing the graphene nano sheets obtained by various liquid phase stripping methods into the transparent film. The preparation method has the advantages of wide application range, simple process, strong operability, high preparation efficiency and the like, and can avoid the structural defects of cracks, incomplete transfer and the like caused by the traditional film transfer method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps:
in the first aspect, an amphiphilic polymer surfactant is introduced, so that graphene nanosheets obtained by a liquid phase exfoliation method can be transferred from an original dispersion liquid into a volatile organic solvent, and a stable graphene dispersion liquid is formed.
The amphiphilic polymeric surfactant may comprise a polyoxyethane segment as a hydrophilic block comprising about 10 to 40 repeating units. The amphiphilic high molecular surfactant can also comprise a polypropylene oxide chain segment as a hydrophobic block, and the polypropylene oxide chain segment comprises 3-20 repeating units. The hydrophobic part of the amphiphilic macromolecular surfactant can also contain other hydrophobic groups, such as benzoxazine groups, polyamine ester groups and the like.
The amphiphilic polymeric surfactant can be, but is not limited to, the following structure of A, the synthetic route of A is also shown in FIG. 1;
the preparation of the graphene nanosheet by the liquid-phase stripping method can be carried out in an organic solvent with appropriate surface tension, and the organic solvent comprises Dimethylformamide (DMF), methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), Butyrolactone (BGL) and the like; or in organic solvent added with stabilizer, including methanol, ethanol, acetone, etc.; or in an aqueous solution with a stabilizer added; the solvent may be a mixed solution of water and a polar organic solvent with or without a stabilizer, and the mixed solution may include a mixed solution of water-methanol, water-ethanol, water-acetone, and the like.
The stabilizer includes but is not limited to common anionic surfactants such as SDS, SDBS, sodium cholate and the like, cationic surfactants such as CTAB and the like, nonionic surfactants such as Tween, span and the like, and macromolecular stabilizers such as PVA, F108 and the like.
Methods for transferring graphene nanoplatelets to volatile organic solvents include, but are not limited to, extraction, high-speed centrifugal redispersion, suction filtration redispersion, and the like.
The volatile organic solvent includes, but is not limited to, chloroform, dichloromethane, dichloroethane, methanol, ethanol, and the like.
In a second aspect, the method for forming the graphene transparent films with different layers on the substrate by using the LB film forming technology comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, soaking a substrate in ammonia water with the concentration of 1-28% for 5-60min, then ultrasonically cleaning the substrate for 10min by using ethanol, propanol and deionized water in sequence, and finally blowing the substrate dry by using nitrogen or drying the substrate for later use.
(2) And slowly dripping a certain volume of the graphene nanosheet dispersion liquid of the volatile organic solvent onto the surface of ultrapure water in a water tank of an LB (Langmuir-Blodgett) membrane instrument, so as to form a layer of graphene membrane on the surface of the water.
(3) And after the organic solvent is completely volatilized, controlling an LB film instrument to slide the barrier to compress the graphene film to a set film forming film pressure, thereby forming a compact graphene film structure.
(4) And (2) forming the film on the substrate cleaned in the step (1) by adopting a horizontal film forming method or a vertical film forming method. And after the water on the graphene film is dried, sequentially washing with water and ethanol, and drying by blowing with nitrogen or drying.
(5) And (5) repeating the step (4) to form the film for 1-100 times according to the requirement, so as to obtain the graphene transparent film with the target layer number.
Including but not limited to glass sheets, silicon wafers, mylar, and the like.
The method for preparing the graphene film may further include a patterning process, i.e., erasing an unnecessary portion as needed, or performing oxygen plasma etching using a mask method, thereby adjusting the size or pattern of the graphene film.
The method for preparing the graphene transparent film may further comprise a heat treatment process at 40-600 ℃ to remove adsorbed surfactants.
The method for preparing the graphene transparent film may further comprise a strong acid (e.g., 60% HNO3) treatment process to remove adsorbed surfactant.
The implementation process of the graphene film preparation method is also applicable to other kinds of two-dimensional materials, including but not limited to molybdenum disulfide, boron nitride, manganese dioxide and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
the method is applicable to the graphene nanosheets prepared by different liquid phase stripping methods, has the advantages of wide application range, simple process, strong operability, high preparation efficiency and the like, can realize the structural continuity and integrity of the prepared graphene film, and can prepare the graphene transparent films with different sizes or special patterns according to requirements.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a synthetic route of a polymeric surfactant A;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a relationship between the transmittance and the number of layers of the graphene film prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a surface patterning method of a graphene transparent film according to embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, which are provided for illustration of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the present embodiment.
Adding natural graphite flakes into 0.5mg/mL SDS serving as a surfactant and water serving as a solvent, carrying out ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonic cleaner for 1 hour, removing non-peeled large-particle graphite by a centrifugal method, and retaining supernatant to obtain the SDS-stabilized graphene aqueous dispersion.
Preparing a 1mg/mL chloroform solution of an amphiphilic polymer surfactant A, extracting 5 parts of the prepared chloroform solution of the A with 1 part of the graphene aqueous dispersion, and completing the transfer of the graphene nanosheets from the water layer to the chloroform layer, thereby obtaining the chloroform dispersion of the graphene nanosheets with stable A.
Dropwise adding 200 microliters of chloroform dispersion liquid of the graphene nanosheets to an ultrapure water interface in an LB film instrument, standing for 10 minutes until chloroform is completely volatilized, and compressing the graphene film to a set value (such as 20mN · m) by using a sliding barrier device of the LB film instrument.
A clean glass sheet prepared in advance is transferred to a glass substrate through a vertical pulling method at a certain speed (such as 0.5 mm/min). And after the water on the graphene film naturally volatilizes, sequentially washing the graphene film with water and ethanol, and then blowing dry or drying with nitrogen.
Repeating the graphene film transfer process to respectively obtain the 1-3 layers of graphene transparent films.
The relation between the light transmittance and the number of layers of the graphene transparent film is characterized by using a spectrophotometer, as shown in fig. 3.
Example 2
Preparation method of graphene aqueous dispersion is the same as example 1
And centrifuging the graphene dispersion liquid for a certain time (for example, 20min) by using high-speed centrifugation (for example, 1.0 × 104rpm), and removing the supernatant liquid and then keeping the bottom graphene nanosheet precipitate.
Preparing a chloroform solution of 1mg/mL amphiphilic polymer surfactant A, and re-dispersing the graphene nanosheet precipitate by using the chloroform solution (assisted ultrasound for 5min) to obtain a chloroform dispersion liquid of the graphene nanosheet with stable A.
Dropwise adding 200 microliters of chloroform dispersion liquid of the graphene nanosheets to an ultrapure water interface in an LB film instrument, standing for 10 minutes until chloroform is completely volatilized, and compressing the graphene film to a set value (such as 20mN · m) by using a sliding barrier device of the LB film instrument.
A clean glass sheet prepared in advance is transferred to a glass substrate through a vertical pulling method at a certain speed (such as 0.5 mm/min). And after the water on the graphene film naturally volatilizes, sequentially washing the graphene film with water and ethanol, and then blowing dry or drying with nitrogen.
Repeating the graphene film transfer process to obtain the graphene transparent films with different layers.
Example 3
Adding natural graphite flakes into NMP serving as a solvent, performing ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonic cleaner for 1 hour, removing non-peeled large-particle graphite by a centrifugal method, and retaining supernatant to obtain a stable graphene NMP dispersion liquid.
Preparing a 1mg/mL chloroform solution of the amphiphilic polymer surfactant A, and mixing the chloroform solution and the graphene NMP dispersion liquid according to a certain ratio (for example, 10 parts of the solution A and 1 part of the graphene dispersion liquid), thereby obtaining a chloroform dispersion liquid of the graphene nanosheet with stable A.
Dropwise adding 200 microliters of chloroform dispersion liquid of the graphene nanosheets to an ultrapure water interface in an LB film instrument, standing for 10 minutes until chloroform is completely volatilized, and compressing the graphene film by using a sliding barrier device of the LB film instrument until the interfacial tension reaches a certain value (such as 20mN · m).
A clean glass sheet prepared in advance is transferred to a glass substrate through a vertical pulling method at a certain speed (such as 0.5 mm/min). And after the water on the graphene film naturally volatilizes, sequentially washing the graphene film with water and ethanol, and then blowing dry or drying with nitrogen.
Repeating the process of transferring the graphene film to obtain the graphene transparent films with different layers.
And (3) carrying out oxygen-insulating high-temperature treatment (such as 400 ℃ under a vacuum condition) on the obtained graphene transparent film, and removing the residual high-molecular surfactant on the graphene film.
Example 4
The method for obtaining graphene films with different layers is the same as that of example 3.
The resulting graphene film was surface patterned using the method steps of fig. 4.
And immersing the patterned graphene transparent film in 60% HNO3 for 3 hours, then sequentially washing with water and ethanol, and drying by blowing with nitrogen or drying to remove the residual high molecular surfactant on the patterned graphene transparent film.
The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and any simple modification, modification and substitution changes made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of a graphene transparent film is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, starting from graphene nano dispersion liquid prepared by a liquid phase stripping method, transferring graphene nanosheets from original dispersion liquid to a volatile organic solvent by introducing an amphiphilic high molecular surfactant to form stable graphene dispersion liquid; then, preparing graphene transparent films with different layers on the substrate by utilizing an LB film forming technology; the amphiphilic polymer surfactant comprises a poly (ethylene oxide) chain segment serving as a hydrophilic block, and 10-40 repeating units; the amphiphilic polymer surfactant also comprises a polypropylene oxide chain segment as a hydrophobic block, and the polypropylene oxide chain segment comprises 3-20 repeating units; the hydrophobic block of the amphiphilic macromolecular surfactant also comprises a hydrophobic group benzoxazine group and/or a polyurethane group.
2. The method for preparing a graphene transparent film according to claim 1, wherein: the graphene nano dispersion liquid prepared by the liquid phase stripping method is a graphene nano sheet dispersion liquid prepared by utilizing ultrasonic or shearing action in a solution, and comprises the steps of preparing the graphene nano sheet dispersion liquid in an organic solvent with appropriate surface tension, or in an organic solvent added with a stabilizer, or in an aqueous solution added with the stabilizer, or in a mixed solution of water and a polar organic solvent added with or without the stabilizer.
3. The method for preparing a graphene transparent film according to claim 1, wherein: the volatile organic solvent is chloroform, dichloromethane, dichloroethane, methanol or ethanol.
4. The method for preparing a graphene transparent film according to claim 1, wherein: the substrate is a glass sheet, a silicon wafer or a polyester film.
5. The method for preparing a graphene transparent film according to claim 1, wherein: the graphene transparent film comprises 1-100 layers.
6. The method for preparing a graphene transparent film according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises a patterning process, wherein the size or the pattern of the graphene film can be freely controlled by erasing the unnecessary film part or performing plasma etching by using a mask plate method according to the requirement.
7. The method for preparing a graphene transparent film according to claim 1, wherein: comprises a heat treatment process at 40-600 ℃ or a strong acid treatment process of 60% HNO3 to remove the adsorbed surfactant.
8. The method for preparing a graphene transparent film according to claim 1, wherein: can be suitable for other two-dimensional or quasi two-dimensional nano-sheet molybdenum disulfide, boron nitride or manganese dioxide.
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| CN110500943A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-26 | 华东师范大学 | A kind of patterned flex strain transducer and preparation method |
| CN114195142B (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2023-05-26 | 香港城市大学深圳研究院 | Graphene transfer method for stripping polymer support material based on alcohol solvent |
| CN113102193B (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2022-04-26 | 南昌大学 | Coating machine scraper based on surface hydrophilic and hydrophobic microstructure |
| CN113117878B (en) * | 2021-03-04 | 2023-01-10 | 清华-伯克利深圳学院筹备办公室 | Thickness screening method, sheet diameter screening method and diameter-thickness ratio regulation and control method for two-dimensional material |
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