CN109272204A - A kind of appraisal procedure of Subway Network in China idle capacity - Google Patents

A kind of appraisal procedure of Subway Network in China idle capacity Download PDF

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CN109272204A
CN109272204A CN201810972687.3A CN201810972687A CN109272204A CN 109272204 A CN109272204 A CN 109272204A CN 201810972687 A CN201810972687 A CN 201810972687A CN 109272204 A CN109272204 A CN 109272204A
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CN109272204B (en
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段征宇
雷曾翔
李玮峰
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Tongji University
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of appraisal procedures of Subway Network in China idle capacity, comprising the following steps: 1) defines section of turning back, and the section that will turn back is as the fundamental analysis unit of subway network idle capacity；2) idle capacity for defining subway network, is specifically defined are as follows: in the case where some damages scene, the minimum value of the section traffic capacity and volume of the flow of passengers ratio in subway website；3) transport need is obtained according to subway ticketing data, obtains the volume of the flow of passengers of each fundamental analysis unit of subway network, and calculate the idle capacity of subway network；4) the potential bottleneck section in the case of bottleneck section and metro accidents or failure under subway network normal operation are stopped transport is identified.Compared with prior art, the present invention has many advantages, such as to consider that the influence of dynamic passenger flow, thoroughly evaluating, identification are accurate.

Description

A kind of appraisal procedure of Subway Network in China idle capacity
Technical field
The present invention relates to traffic programmes and management domain, more particularly, to a kind of assessment of Subway Network in China idle capacity Method.
Background technique
Subway network plays a significant role in Traffic Systems, runs and interrupts caused by accident or failure, can over the ground The modes such as iron net network, regular public traffic and road traffic bring impact.Therefore, it is necessary to analyze and evaluate the fragility of subway network Property.It is, the influence of analysis damage or interruption to subway network service ability.
In traditional subway network Evaluation of vulnerability, complex network method is mainly used, analyzes random and calculated attack Under subway network topological performance change, such as: connectivity, uncalibrated visual servo characteristic etc..But the reality of topological model and subway network Border traffic-operating period is not consistent.For example, after some station or section generation accident, it will usually which a section stops operation；It is different The metro passenger flow of period is distributed difference, and it is also different to interrupt influence of the operation to subway network.Some scholars propose stoppage in transit pair The analysis method that passenger flow influences, but do not consider that quite a few passenger still can find alternative route in subway network, and The influence of passenger flow dynamic change.Accordingly, it is difficult to support the contingency management of subway network.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide a kind of Subway Network in China The appraisal procedure of idle capacity.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of appraisal procedure of Subway Network in China idle capacity, comprising the following steps:
1) section of turning back is defined, and the section that will turn back is as the fundamental analysis unit of subway network idle capacity；
2) idle capacity for defining subway network, is specifically defined are as follows:
In the case where some damages scene, the minimum value of the section traffic capacity and volume of the flow of passengers ratio in subway website；
3) transport need is obtained according to subway ticketing data, obtains the volume of the flow of passengers of each fundamental analysis unit of subway network, and Calculate the idle capacity of subway network, the idle capacity μ of subway networkb(ω) is smaller, then subway network reply accident or failure Ability it is weaker, if μb(ω) illustrates that network cannot undertake current transport need less than 1.
In the step 1), section of the definition for section of turning back between two neighboring subway switchback station, the ground The turn back line moved back and forth to realize train is equipped between iron switchback station.
In the step 2), the expression formula of the idle capacity of subway network are as follows:
Wherein, μb(ω) is the idle capacity of subway network at demand scene b, damage scene ω, and demand scene b is Hour transport need, indicates the dynamic change of transport need, and damage scene ω is the combination of fundamental analysis unit damaged condition, ca For the traffic capacity for the section a that turns back, A is the fundamental analysis unit set of subway network, va(q) passenger flow to turn back on section a Amount, qijFor slave site i to the transport need of website j, and i, j ∈ V, dij(ω) is the website i to website j in the case where damaging scene ω Between whether be connected to, when connection, takes 1, and 0, δ is taken when not being connected toarFor 0-1 variable, taken when shortest path r, which has been used, turns back section a 1, otherwise taking 0, V is subway network Website Hosting, and P is set of minimal paths, tij(ω) is in the case where damaging scene ω, and website i is arrived The corresponding journey time of shortest path between website j,For under normal circumstances, the shortest path between website i to website j is corresponding Journey time, t*For the acceptable journey time increment of passenger.
This method is further comprising the steps of:
4) in the case of identifying that bottleneck section and metro accidents or failure under subway network normal operation are stopped transport Potential bottleneck section.
In the step 4), the decision condition of the bottleneck section under subway network normal operation are as follows:
Section of the passenger flow saturation degree greater than 0.9 is bottleneck section, the passenger flow saturation degree saExpression formula are as follows:
Wherein, caFor the traffic capacity for the section a that turns back.
In the step 4), the potential bottleneck section in the case of metro accidents or failure are stopped transport is identified specifically:
41) monte carlo method is used, the damage at different demand scene b, between all fundamental analysis units is obtained Composite set Ω, then the damage combine scenes quantity between all fundamental analysis units are as follows:
Wherein, n is the sum of fundamental analysis unit in subway network, ΩiFor the field for thering is i fundamental analysis unit to damage Scape；
42) quantity of demand scene is set as N (B), for different damage scenes, using method of traffic assignment, calculation of sector Saturation degree, and bottleneck section is judged whether it is, if rolling over when the section a that turns back becomes the probability N (a) >=10% of bottleneck section Return section a be judged to damaging occur after potential bottleneck section, the section a that turns back become bottleneck section probability P (a) calculating formula Are as follows:
Wherein, N (a) is the number that section a becomes bottleneck section in all damage scenes.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages that
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention considers the influence of dynamic passenger flow, the idle capacity of subway network is carried out Evaluation, identifies the daily bottleneck section and potential bottleneck section of subway network, idle capacity can reflect certain route because of accident or When fault interrupting is runed, for subway network to the ability to bear of passenger flow, daily bottleneck section and potential bottleneck section reflect normality In the case of accident, the insufficient section of the traffic capacity or website in subway network can be assisted formulating Transportation Demand Management and be answered Anxious dispersal plan, three's thoroughly evaluating fragility of subway network can mention for subway network contingency management and line network planning For foundation.
Detailed description of the invention
Idle capacity under Fig. 1 Shanghai Metro Network normal operation analyzes result, wherein when figure (1a) is morning peak Idle capacity, figure (1b) be evening peak when idle capacity.
Bottleneck section under Fig. 2 Shanghai Metro Network normal operation, wherein bottle when figure (2a) is morning peak uplink Neck section, bottleneck section when figure (2b) is evening peak downlink.
Potential bottleneck section of Fig. 3 Shanghai Metro Network when accident or failure are stopped transport, wherein figure (3a) is early high Potential bottleneck section when peak uplink, potential bottleneck section when figure (3b) is evening peak downlink.
Fig. 4 is flow chart of the method for the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment:
The present invention provides a kind of appraisal procedure of Subway Network in China idle capacity, specifically includes the following steps:
1) the fundamental analysis unit that " section of turning back " is subway network idle capacity is defined:
" section of turning back " refers to the section between two neighboring subway " switchback station ".In the Subway Network in China in China, Only between switchback station, the small cross-channel of tissue is had ready conditions just to realize moving back and forth for train.
" section of turning back " is defined as the fundamental analysis unit of subway network idle capacity.Damage scene is defined as these bases The combination of this analytical unit damage.
2) idle capacity of subway network is defined:
The idle capacity μ of subway networkb(ω) is defined as in the case where some damages scene, the section traffic capacity in subway website With the minimum value of volume of the flow of passengers ratio.μb(ω) is bigger, illustrates that the redundancy traffic capacity of subway network is bigger, to the clothes of current passenger flow Business ability is also better.
μbThe mathematical definition of (ω) is as follows:
Wherein, μb(ω) is to damage under scene ω, the idle capacity of subway network, c in demand scene baFor the logical of section a Row ability, a ∈ A, A are that the fundamental analysis unit (section) of subway network is gathered, vaIt (q) is the volume of the flow of passengers on section a.
va(q) it is obtained by following formula:
Wherein, qijIt is subway station set for slave site i to the transport need of website j, i, j ∈ V, V；dij(ω) is damage Whether it is connected between bad scene ω, website i to website j, connection takes 1, otherwise takes 0, δarFor 0-1 variable, if path r has used area Between a take 1, otherwise taking 0, r ∈ P, a ∈ A, P is set of minimal paths.
dij(ω) is determined by following formula:
Wherein, tij(ω) is the corresponding journey time of shortest path between website i to website j under damage scene ω, i, j ∈V；For under normal circumstances, the corresponding journey time of shortest path between website i to website j, i, j ∈ V；t*Indicate that passenger can The journey time increment of receiving；
3) idle capacity of subway network is analyzed:
According to subway ticketing data, the transport need of different periods is obtained.Using method of traffic assignment, each basic point is calculated Analyse the volume of the flow of passengers of unit.Then, according to the definition of idle capacity, the idle capacity of subway network is calculated.
Fig. 1 gives the analysis result of the idle capacity under Shanghai Metro Network normal operation, wherein figure (1a) is early Idle capacity when peak, idle capacity when figure (1b) is evening peak.From the mean value of idle capacity, with impairment unit Quantity increases, it is not that impairment unit is more, subway more wants frequency increase to improve that the growth trend of idle capacity, which is not obvious, Capacity, but it is related with specific damage scene.But there is the corresponding idle capacity of a small number of damage scenes and be much smaller than 1, illustrate this When subway network service ability wretched insufficiency, need to evacuate passenger flow more by the emergency modes such as public transport.
4) the bottleneck section under subway network normal operation is identified:
Defining section of the passenger flow saturation degree greater than 0.9 is bottleneck section.The passenger flow saturation degree s of section aaAre as follows:
Wherein, caFor the traffic capacity of section a, vaIt (q) is the volume of the flow of passengers on section a, a ∈ A.
According to the volume of the flow of passengers of each fundamental analysis unit, the saturation degree of each fundamental analysis unit is calculated.MTR network is obtained as a result, The bottleneck section of network.
Fig. 2 gives the bottleneck section under Shanghai Metro Network normal operation, wherein figure (2a) is morning peak uplink When bottleneck section, figure (2b) be evening peak downlink when bottleneck section.For Shanghai Metro Network, the bottleneck section of morning peak It is mainly distributed on route of going down town to access on the part of No. four lines and the No.1 line and No. two lines of inner city, entire subway network Bottle-neck zone between be located at No. five lines go down town direction and No.1 line linkage section, No. nine lines go down town direction and No. four lines linkage section with And two-way section of No. two lines from People's Square to Nanjing Road East.
5) the potential bottleneck section in the case of metro accidents or failure are stopped transport is identified
It using monte carlo method, obtains at different demand scene b, the damage combination between all fundamental analysis units Set omega.If a shared n fundamental analysis unit in network, then, the scene Ω for thering is m fundamental analysis unit to damagemQuantity ForDamage combine scenes quantity between all fundamental analysis units is
If the quantity of demand scene is N (B), for different damage scenes, using method of traffic assignment, calculation of sector is satisfied And degree, and judge whether it is bottleneck section.Section a, which is calculated as follows, becomes the probability of bottleneck section:
Wherein, N (a) is section a in all damage scenes, becomes the number of bottleneck section.If N (a) >=10%, area Section a is the potential bottleneck section after damage occurs.
Fig. 3 gives potential bottleneck section of the Shanghai Metro Network when accident or failure are stopped transport, wherein figure (3a) Potential bottleneck section when for morning peak uplink, potential bottleneck section when figure (3b) is evening peak downlink.Comparison diagram 3 and Fig. 2, It can be found that newly-increased bottleneck is then concentrated mainly on ride on Bus No. 11 line Jiangsu Road between university of communications and Xujiahui, No.1 line is from west North Road is hidden to the section of People's Square and No. six lines from high-tech West Road to the road Lan Cun section.These sections are satisfied under normal circumstances It is no more than 50% with degree, but is then likely to become the bottleneck of whole network after network damage.
The present invention for fundamental analysis unit, considers the influence of dynamic passenger flow with " section of turning back ", can to metro accidents or When failure is stopped transport, the idle capacity of subway network is evaluated, and supports subway network contingency management and line network planning, is had more preferable Application value.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of appraisal procedure of Subway Network in China idle capacity, which comprises the following steps:
1) section of turning back is defined, and the section that will turn back is as the fundamental analysis unit of subway network idle capacity；
2) idle capacity for defining subway network, is specifically defined are as follows:
In the case where some damages scene, the minimum value of the section traffic capacity and volume of the flow of passengers ratio in subway website；
3) transport need is obtained according to subway ticketing data, obtains the volume of the flow of passengers of each fundamental analysis unit of subway network, and calculated The idle capacity of subway network, the idle capacity μ of subway networkb(ω) is smaller, then the energy of subway network reply accident or failure Power is weaker, if μb(ω) illustrates that network cannot undertake current transport need less than 1.
2. a kind of appraisal procedure of Subway Network in China idle capacity according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described In step 1), section of the definition for section of turning back between two neighboring subway switchback station is set between the subway switchback station There is the turn back line moved back and forth to realize train.
3. a kind of appraisal procedure of Subway Network in China idle capacity according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described In step 2), the expression formula of the idle capacity of subway network are as follows:
Wherein, μb(ω) is at demand scene b, damage scene ω, and the idle capacity of subway network, demand scene b is hour friendship Logical demand, indicates the dynamic change of transport need, and damage scene ω is the combination of fundamental analysis unit damaged condition, caTo turn back The traffic capacity of section a, A are the fundamental analysis unit set of subway network, vaIt (q) is the volume of the flow of passengers turned back on section a, qijFor The transport need of slave site i to website j, and i, j ∈ V, dij(ω) be in the case where damaging scene ω, between website i to website j whether Connection, when connection, take 1, and 0, δ is taken when not being connected toarFor 0-1 variable, 1 is taken when shortest path r, which has been used, turns back section a, is otherwise taken 0, V is subway network Website Hosting, and P is set of minimal paths, tij(ω) is in the case where damaging scene ω, between website i to website j The corresponding journey time of shortest path,For under normal circumstances, when the corresponding stroke of shortest path between website i to website j Between, t*For the acceptable journey time increment of passenger.
4. a kind of appraisal procedure of Subway Network in China idle capacity according to claim 3, which is characterized in that this method It is further comprising the steps of:
4) it identifies potential in the case of bottleneck section and metro accidents or failure under subway network normal operation are stopped transport Bottleneck section.
5. a kind of appraisal procedure of Subway Network in China idle capacity according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described In step 4), the decision condition of the bottleneck section under subway network normal operation are as follows:
Section of the passenger flow saturation degree greater than 0.9 is bottleneck section, the passenger flow saturation degree saExpression formula are as follows:
Wherein, caFor the traffic capacity for the section a that turns back.
6. a kind of appraisal procedure of Subway Network in China idle capacity according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described In step 4), the potential bottleneck section in the case of metro accidents or failure are stopped transport is identified specifically:
41) monte carlo method is used, is obtained at different demand scene b, the damage combination between all fundamental analysis units Set omega, then the damage combine scenes quantity between all fundamental analysis units are as follows:
Wherein, n is the sum of fundamental analysis unit in subway network, ΩiFor the scene for thering is i fundamental analysis unit to damage；
42) quantity of demand scene is set as N (B), and for different damage scenes, using method of traffic assignment, calculation of sector is satisfied And degree, and judge whether it is bottleneck section, and if the section a that turns back becomes the probability N (a) >=10% of bottleneck section, area of turning back Section a is judged to damaging the potential bottleneck section after occurring, and the section a that turns back becomes the calculating formula of the probability P (a) of bottleneck section are as follows:
Wherein, N (a) is the number that section a becomes bottleneck section in all damage scenes.
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