CN109271472A - A kind of extraction and storage method of river network of watershed structure - Google Patents
A kind of extraction and storage method of river network of watershed structure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the extraction and storage method of a kind of river network of watershed structure, watershed grid first flows to data and is traversed for the first time, obtains and stores the upstream and downstream that is connected directly with each grid cell close to grid information；After determining basin outlet cells, data are flowed to grid from bottom to top and carry out second of traversal, the upstream of each grid in currently processed layer is upstream successively positioned close to grid, and in next layer of all currently processed layers of storage of multilayer bifurcated data tree structure grid upstream close to grid；After the grid in all layers of multilayer bifurcated tree all judgement, the extraction and storage of river network of watershed structure are completed.This method directly can determine upstream-downstream relationship of each grid in the network of waterways according to grid flow direction, and then the flow path that basin singly flows to the network of waterways is obtained by efficient grid traversal, and to be layered multiway tree storage river networks structure, the convenience for improving data extraction efficiency and utilizing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hydrology technical field more particularly to a kind of extractions and storage method of river network of watershed structure.
Background technique
River network of watershed is the major parameter of river basin modeling, is ground in hydrology, geography information and the science of water and soil conservation
Studying carefully and in engineering practice, obtaining river network of watershed is the accurate base strip for calculating the drainage characteristics such as slope length factor, ditch valley line, costa colpi line
Part, what river network of watershed can be obtained by extraction of drainage algorithm, such as can by detection terrain graph on particular point, such as
Mountain top, concave point, ridge, mountain stream etc. extract simple river.
The scheme for flowing to data extraction river network of watershed using grid in the prior art is more, and extracts river network of watershed at present
Main stream approach.The process that these methods extract river network of watershed is that grid flows to judgement → catchment area runoff concentration calculation → section knowledge
Not.These methods have carried out different trials in grid flow direction judgement, such as take single flow direction algorithm, MFD algorithm or combine other
The method that means improve flow direction judgement；Or in the identification of section, the determination method of drainage area threshold is improved or simultaneously with collection
The means such as water area threshold value combination landforms parameter identify section.Generally speaking, the prior art is in the process for extracting river network of watershed
In, it needs to judge whether each grid belongs to river according to the result of confluence analysis, after river grid has been determined, search again for really
Mouth of a river grid is made, hydrology geomorphic element is recorded with Raster Data Model or vector model while upstream traversing river grid later
Spatial data, and the description of hydrographic net network topological relation is carried out, essential record includes node (hydrology node), segmental arc (hydrology side
Line) and polygon (sub-basin) between topological relation；Finally according to the upstream and downstream topological relation in river, grade is assigned for river.
But the prior art flows to data from known grid and needs the progress of watershed raster data more to river network of watershed extraction
Secondary traversal causes extraction of drainage inefficient；Existing network of waterways storage organization is stored in the form of the incidence matrix of the network of waterways simultaneously
Hydrology network topology, for there is the basin data of thousands of a grids easily, the construction of such sparse incidence matrix is complicated, if
It is stored in program code with uncompressed two-dimensional array, then memory headroom waste is very big, if storing in the compressed format, handles
Complexity, such network of waterways storing data structure are difficult to be called directly by hydrological model, affect subsequent analysis efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the extraction and storage method of a kind of river network of watershed structure, this method can be directly according to grid
Lattice flow direction determines upstream-downstream relationship of each grid in the network of waterways, and then obtains basin by efficient grid traversal and singly flow to river
The flow path of net, and to be layered multiway tree storage river networks structure, the convenience for improving data extraction efficiency and utilizing.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of extraction and storage method of river network of watershed structure, which comprises
Step 1, watershed grid flow to data and are traversed for the first time, are obtained based on grid flow direction straight with each grid cell
Connected upstream is connect close to grid UiWith downstream close to grid D, and the upstream and downstream of current grid are stored close to grid information；Its
In, UiI-th of upstream of current grid is indicated close to grid, singly flow to network of waterways middle and lower reaches has and only 1 close to grid, with D
It indicates；
Step 2 flows to second of traversal of data progress to the basin grid, to extract and store in layering multiway tree
River network of watershed topological structure, and at the beginning of traversal choose basin in any grid as traverse starting grid, using as to
The current grid C of processing；
Step 3, according to step 1 store current grid C downstream close to grid information, navigate to the downstream of current grid
Close to grid D；
The downstream that step 4, judgment step 3 navigate to is exported close to whether grid D is located at basin, if it is not, then choosing
The downstream is close to grid D as new current grid, and return step 3 is iterated processing；If it is, basin is exported grid
Lattice information is stored in the 1st layer of layering multiway tree, and the 1st layer of selected layering multiway tree is used as currently processed layer LC, it is laggard
Enter step 5；
Step 5 chooses currently processed layer LCIn a not processed mistake grid as current grid C, judgement is deserved
Whether preceding grid C is source grid, if not then entering step 6, if yes then enter step 7；
Step 6, the current grid C stored according to step 1 upstream close to grid information, obtain each of current grid C
Upstream is close to grid Ui, and by each upstream close to grid UiIt is stored in next layer of L of layering multiway tree data store organisationNIt is interior,
7 are entered step later；Wherein, if currently processed layer LCLevel number be n, then next layer of LNLevel number be n+1；
Step 7 judges currently processed layer LCAll whether judgement finishes interior all grids, if it is not, then returning to step
Rapid 5 continue with；If it is, entering step 8；
Next layer of L of step 8, judgement layering multiway treeNIt is interior to whether there is untreated grid, it will if it is be layered more
Pitch the next layer of L of treeNIt is set as currently processed layer, 5 iterative processing of return step；If it is not, then completing river network of watershed data
It extracts and stores.
In step 1, the upstream that is connected directly with each grid cell of being obtained based on grid flow direction is close to grid Ui
With downstream close to the process of grid D specifically:
Data are flowed to based on current grid and its surrounding grid, flow direction in adjacent cells around is found and is directed toward and deserve front gate
The upstream of lattice is close to grid UiAnd the current grid flows to pointed downstream close to grid D.
In step 1, process of the upstream and downstream of the storage current grid close to grid information specifically:
Grid cell class is defined with the program language of object-oriented, with the upstream in grid cell class close to grid pointer number
Group all upstreams for searching of storage ergodic process are close to grid Ui, and worked as with the downstream grid pointer storage in grid cell class
Preceding grid flows to pointed downstream close to grid D.
In step 6, it is described by each upstream close to grid UiIt is stored in the next of layering multiway tree data store organisation
Layer LNInterior process specifically:
With the program language definition layering multiway tree class of object-oriented, it is with layering multiway tree class members's function judgement
One layer of L in the presence of noNIf existing LN, then flow direction is pointing directly at the upstream of current grid close to grid UiIt is added to LNLayer
It is interior, if there is no LNLayer exists, then increases a grid layer newly with the member function of multilayer bifurcated tree class, and flow direction is pointing directly at and is worked as
The upstream of preceding grid is close to grid UiIt is added to LNIn layer, realize to be layered the convenient storage river networks structure of multiway tree.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, the above method can be directly each according to grid flow direction determination
Upstream-downstream relationship of the grid in the network of waterways, and then the flow path that basin singly flows to the network of waterways is obtained by efficient grid traversal,
And to be layered multiway tree storage river networks structure, the convenience for improving data extraction efficiency and utilizing.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, required use in being described below to embodiment
Attached drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for this
For the those of ordinary skill in field, without creative efforts, it can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other
Attached drawing.
Fig. 1 provides extraction and the storage method flow diagram of river network of watershed structure for the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 provides the structural schematic diagram of layering multiway tree by the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Ground description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on this
The embodiment of invention, every other implementation obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts
Example, belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with attached drawing, is implemented as shown in Figure 1 for the present invention
Example provides extraction and the storage method flow diagram of river network of watershed structure, which comprises
Step 1, watershed grid flow to data and are traversed for the first time, are obtained based on grid flow direction straight with each grid cell
Connected upstream is connect close to grid UiWith downstream close to grid D, and the upstream and downstream of current grid are stored close to grid information；
In the step, for singly flowing to the network of waterways, source grid is without upstream close to grid, and the upstream of non-source grid is close to grid
Lattice number is not less than 1, UiIndicate i-th of upstream of current grid close to grid；Basin outlet cells without downstream close to grid, it is non-
The downstream of basin outlet cells has and only 1 close to grid, is indicated with D；
In the step, the upstream that is connected directly with each grid cell is obtained based on grid flow direction close to grid UiThe downstream and
Close to the process of grid D specifically:
Data are flowed to based on current grid and its surrounding grid, flow direction in adjacent cells around is found and is directed toward and deserve front gate
The upstream of lattice is close to grid UiAnd the current grid flows to pointed downstream close to grid D；
Grid cell class is defined with the program language of object-oriented, with the upstream in grid cell class close to grid pointer number
Group all upstreams for searching of storage ergodic process are close to grid Ui, and worked as with the downstream grid pointer storage in grid cell class
Preceding grid flows to pointed downstream close to grid D.
In the specific implementation, due to the upstream grid of current grid may have it is multiple, so being stored with one-dimension array, basin
The flow direction for singly flowing to each grid in the network of waterways only has a kind of possibility, therefore downstream grid only needs pointer to member's record.
Step 2 flows to second of traversal of data progress to the basin grid, to extract and store in layering multiway tree
River network of watershed topological structure, and at the beginning of traversal choose basin in any grid as traverse starting grid, using as to
The current grid C of processing；
Step 3, according to step 1 store current grid C downstream close to grid information, navigate to the downstream of current grid
Close to grid D；
The downstream that step 4, judgment step 3 navigate to is exported close to whether grid D is located at basin, if it is not, then choosing
Close to grid D as new current grid, return step 3 is iterated processing in the downstream；If it is, by basin outlet cells
Information is stored in the 1st layer of layering multiway tree, and the 1st layer of selected layering multiway tree is used as currently processed layer LC, later then into
Enter step 5；
Step 5 chooses currently processed layer LCIn a not processed mistake grid as current grid C, judgement is current
Whether grid C is source grid, if not then entering step 6, if yes then enter step 7；
Here, basin singly flows to one and only one outlet of the network of waterways, therefore the basin outlet cells that step 4 obtains are to flow
Total outflow port in domain.
In the specific implementation, each grid may be simultaneously present the upstream grid that multiple flow directions are directed toward oneself, it can be further
Using the data store organisation of layering multiway tree, the trellis topology structure of the complete documentation sub-basin from downstream to upstream.
It is illustrated in figure 2 the embodiment of the present invention and the structural schematic diagram of layering multiway tree is provided, in the layering multiway tree
Data store organisation in, flow direction is pointing directly at the upstream grid of current grid as the element of next grid layer, storage
In (such as the middle layer Fig. 22, layer 3 and layer 4) in the layering multiway tree, the convenient storage of watershed network of waterways data is realized, be convenient for water
Literary model calls directly.Based on such layering multiway tree, it can specifically carry out charge for remittance analysis, by presetting charge for remittance threshold decision river
Road determines that grade etc. is assigned in costa colpi line, ditch valley line and river, even if charge for remittance amount threshold value changes, without as the prior art
Repeat grid traversal and extract network of waterways topology information again, which is set up, can infinitely be multiplexed, mention significantly
The high efficiency of subsequent analysis.
Step 6, the current grid C stored according to step 1 upstream close to grid information, obtain each of current grid C
Upstream is close to grid Ui, and by each upstream close to grid UiIt is stored in next layer of L of layering multiway tree data store organisationNIt is interior,
7 are entered step later；
In the step, by each upstream close to grid UiIt is stored in next layer of L of layering multiway tree data store organisationNIt is interior
Detailed process are as follows:
With the program language definition layering multiway tree class of object-oriented, it is with layering multiway tree class members's function judgement
One layer of L in the presence of noNIf existing LN, then flow direction is pointing directly at the upstream of current grid close to grid UiIt is added to LNLayer
It is interior, if there is no LNLayer exists, then increases a grid layer newly with the member function of multilayer bifurcated tree class, and flow direction is pointing directly at and is worked as
The upstream of preceding grid is close to grid UiIt is added to LNIn layer, realize to be layered the convenient storage river networks structure of multiway tree.
Here, if currently processed layer LCLevel number be n, then next layer of LNLevel number be n+1；
Step 7 judges currently processed layer LCAll whether judgement finishes interior all grids, if it is not, then returning to step
Rapid 5 continue with；If it is, entering step 8；
Next layer of L of step 8, judgement layering multiway treeNIt is interior to whether there is untreated grid, it will if it is be layered more
Pitch the next layer of L of treeNIt is set as currently processed layer, 5 iterative processing of return step；If it is not, then completing river network of watershed data
It extracts and stores.
It is worth noting that, the content being not described in detail in the embodiment of the present invention belongs to professional and technical personnel in the field's public affairs
The prior art known.
In conclusion method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is compared with prior art, data structure is simple, physical significance
Clearly, the topological relation that can intuitively reflect Complex River does not need complicated logical communication link statement, avoids prior art needs
The complex operations of Large sparse matrix are handled, while avoiding the waste of memory headroom and the calling of complicated order；And this hair
Bright constructed layering multiway tree one is set up, and can infinitely be utilized, convenient for directly, repeatedly calling in subsequent analysis.
Meanwhile not with the traversal of the grid three times Methods Deriving Drainage Network of previous " confluence analysis → river identification → extraction of drainage "
Together, method proposed by the present invention is without carrying out " confluence analysis ", it is only necessary to carry out " grid positioning " → " extraction of drainage " grid twice
Lattice traversal, can obtain complete basin and singly flow to the network of waterways, not only more efficient, but also extract network of waterways topology information process
In, without specified discrimination threshold in advance, application is more convenient, has more universality.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Within the technical scope of the present disclosure, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by anyone skilled in the art,
It should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with the protection model of claims
Subject to enclosing.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of extraction and storage method of river network of watershed structure, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
Step 1, watershed grid flow to data and are traversed for the first time, are obtained and the direct phase of each grid cell based on grid flow direction
Upstream even is close to grid UiWith downstream close to grid D, and the upstream and downstream of current grid are stored close to grid information；Wherein, Ui
I-th of upstream of current grid is indicated close to grid, singly flow to network of waterways middle and lower reaches has and only 1 close to grid, indicates with D；
Step 2 flows to second of traversal of data progress to the basin grid, to extract and store basin in layering multiway tree
Network of waterways topological structure, and choose in basin at the beginning of traversal that any grid is as the starting grid traversed, using it as to be processed
Current grid C；
Step 3, the current grid C stored according to step 1 downstream close to grid information, navigate to the downstream of current grid close to
Grid D；
The downstream that step 4, judgment step 3 navigate to is exported close to whether grid D is located at basin, if it is not, then choosing under this
It swims close to grid D as new current grid, and return step 3 is iterated processing；If it is, basin outlet cells are believed
Breath is stored in the 1st layer of layering multiway tree, and the 1st layer of selected layering multiway tree is used as currently processed layer LC, enter step later
Rapid 5；
Step 5 chooses currently processed layer LCIn a not processed mistake grid as current grid C, judge current grid C
It whether is source grid, if not then entering step 6, if yes then enter step 7；
Step 6, the current grid C stored according to step 1 upstream close to grid information, obtain each upstream of current grid C
Close to grid Ui, and by each upstream close to grid UiIt is stored in next layer of L of layering multiway tree data store organisationNIt is interior, later
Enter step 7；Wherein, if currently processed layer LCLevel number be n, then next layer of LNLevel number be n+1；
Step 7 judges currently processed layer LCInterior all grids whether all judgement finishes, if it is not, then return step 5 after
Continuous processing；If it is, entering step 8；
Next layer of L of step 8, judgement layering multiway treeNIt is interior to whether there is untreated grid, it will if it is be layered multiway tree
Next layer of LNIt is set as currently processed layer, 5 iterative processing of return step；If it is not, then completing the extraction of river network of watershed data
And storage.
2. the extraction and storage method of river network of watershed structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 1, described
The upstream that is connected directly with each grid cell is obtained based on grid flow direction close to grid UiHave with the process of downstream close to grid D
Body are as follows:
Data are flowed to based on current grid and its surrounding grid, find the upstream that flow direction in adjacent cells around is directed toward the grid
Close to grid UiAnd the grid flows to pointed downstream close to grid D.
3. the extraction and storage method of river network of watershed structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 1, described
The upstream and downstream of current grid are stored close to the process of grid information specifically:
Grid cell class is defined with the program language of object-oriented, is deposited with the upstream in grid cell class close to grid array of pointers
All upstreams for searching of storage ergodic process are close to grid Ui, and front gate is worked as with the downstream grid pointer storage in grid cell class
Lattice flow to pointed downstream close to grid D.
4. the extraction and storage method of river network of watershed structure according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 6, described
By each upstream close to grid UiIt is stored in next layer of L of layering multiway tree data store organisationNInterior process specifically:
With the program language definition layering multiway tree class of object-oriented, judge whether to deposit with the layering multiway tree class members's function
In next layer of LNIf existing LN, then flow direction is pointing directly at the upstream of current grid close to grid UiIt is added to LNIn layer, if
It there is no LNLayer exists, then increases a grid layer newly with the member function of multilayer bifurcated tree class, and flow direction is pointing directly at and works as front gate
The upstream of lattice is close to grid UiIt is added to LNIn layer, realize to be layered the convenient storage river networks structure of multiway tree.
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| US20130069369A1 (en) * | 2011-09-17 | 2013-03-21 | Karim Salehpoor | Renewable Energy Extraction Device |
| CN102915227A (en) * | 2012-09-03 | 2013-02-06 | 南京师范大学 | Parallel method for large-area drainage basin extraction |
| CN107315847A (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2017-11-03 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of river and the generation method and device of underground water coupled simulation parameter |
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