CN109270319A - A kind of multi-tap voltage transformer and its production, adjustment method - Google Patents
A kind of multi-tap voltage transformer and its production, adjustment method Download PDFInfo
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/18—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of multi-tap voltage transformer, solve the problems, such as that existing voltage transformer has debugging complexity, higher cost, is unfavorable for mass production and stability is difficult to improve.In the voltage transformer, resitstance voltage divider includes high-voltage arm resistance R1, the first low-voltage arm resistance R2, the second low-voltage arm resistance R3；High-voltage arm resistance R1First end connect with high voltage transmission line, high-voltage arm resistance R1Second end and the first low-voltage arm resistance R2First end connection, the first low-voltage arm resistance R2Second end and the second low-voltage arm resistance R3First end connection, the second low-voltage arm resistance R3Second end ground connection；Adjusting unit includes that amplitude adjusts circuit and phase compensating circuit；Second low-voltage arm resistance R3Both ends connection amplitude adjust circuit；First low-voltage arm resistance R2First end and the second low-voltage arm resistance R3Second end connection phase compensating circuit or phase compensating circuit be connected to the second low-voltage arm resistance R3Both ends.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of voltage transformers, in particular to a multi-tap voltage transformer and a manufacturing and debugging method thereof.
Background
The voltage transformer is an important element for voltage measurement in the power system, and the measurement accuracy and reliability of the voltage transformer have important influence on the safe, stable and economic operation of the power system. An electromagnetic voltage transformer is mainly adopted in an electric power system, and has the advantages of high measurement precision in a linear range, mature manufacturing process, standard inspection method and the like. However, limited by the mechanism of the electromagnetic transformer, the electromagnetic voltage transformer has the disadvantages of large volume, small dynamic range, easy occurrence of ferromagnetic resonance, overvoltage, short circuit of the output end and the like. On the other hand, with the rapid development of microcomputer protection technology and modern microelectronic technology, relay protection and secondary devices do not need high-power driving, and a voltage signal of 100V or 100V/V3 output by a secondary of a traditional voltage transformer cannot be directly connected with a microcomputer, so that the development trend of automation, digitization and intelligence of a power system is difficult to adapt. Based on the above defects, the electronic voltage transformer is applied.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the conventional electronic voltage transformer mainly comprises a high-voltage resistor divider and a debugging unit, wherein R is a reference voltage1Is a high-voltage arm resistor, R2The voltage division formula of the series resistor is as follows for the low-voltage arm resistorThe main problems of such electronic voltage transformers are:
1. during debugging of the electronic voltage transformer, amplitude adjustment and phase compensation are performed on R2The mutual influence of operation, amplitude adjustment and phase compensation is large, and debugging is complex. For example, the amplitude is adjusted to the precision, and then the phase is compensated to the precision, at this time, the adjusted amplitude is changed greatly and needs to be adjusted again, the amplitude is adjusted properly, and the phase may be changed, so that the process is repeated, the debugging difficulty is increased, and the production efficiency is reduced;
2. when the amplitude of the electronic voltage transformer is adjusted, the resistor R is adjusted2The performance of the resistor has great influence on the precision of the product, so that the requirement on the quality of the regulating resistor is high, and the production cost of the product is increased;
3. the high-voltage arm and the low-voltage arm of the high-voltage resistance voltage divider are not integrated structures and are not formed in one step. The requirement on the precision of a single resistance value is high, and the resistor is not favorable for batch production; if the precision of a single resistor is too low, great inconvenience is brought to later debugging, and the mass production of the mutual inductor is not facilitated;
4. the high-voltage arm and the low-voltage arm used by the electronic voltage transformer are not made of the same material, and when external factors (temperature, voltage and the like) change, the change rates of the resistances of the high-voltage arm and the low-voltage arm are inconsistent, so that the high-voltage arm and the low-voltage arm are easily interfered by the external factors, and the stability of the transformer is difficult to improve.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing voltage transformer is complex in debugging, high in cost and not beneficial to batch production, and the stability is difficult to improve.
The technical scheme for solving the problems is as follows:
a multi-tap voltage transformer comprises a resistor divider and an adjusting unit, wherein the resistor divider comprises a high-voltage arm resistor R1And a low-voltage arm resistance; the low-voltage arm resistor comprises a first low-voltage arm resistor R connected in series2And a second low-voltage arm resistor R3(ii) a The high-voltage arm resistor R1Is connected with the high-voltage transmission line, and a high-voltage arm resistor R1Second terminal and first low-voltage arm resistor R2Is connected to the first end of the first low-voltage arm resistor R2Second terminal and second low-voltage arm resistor R3Is connected to the first end of the second low-voltage arm resistor R3The second terminal of (1) is grounded; the adjusting unit comprises an amplitude adjusting circuit and a phase compensating circuit; the amplitude adjusting circuit is connected with a second low-voltage arm resistor R3Both ends of (a); the phase compensation circuit is connected with the first low-voltage arm resistor R2First terminal and second low-voltage arm resistor R3A second end of (a); or the phase compensation circuit is connected with the second low-voltage arm resistor R3At both ends of the same.
Further, the low-voltage arm resistor further comprises m third low-voltage arm resistors R connected in series4M third low-voltage arm resistors R4A resistor R connected in series with the second low-voltage arm3M is more than or equal to 1; the amplitude adjusting circuit is connected with a second low-voltage arm resistor R3Or any third low-voltage arm resistor R4Both ends of (a); the above-mentionedThe phase compensation circuit is connected with the first low-voltage arm resistor R2First terminal and end third low-voltage arm resistor R4A second end of (a); or the phase compensation circuit is connected with the second low-voltage arm resistor R3Or any third low-voltage arm resistor R4At both ends of the same.
Furthermore, the device also comprises a grounding resistor, wherein the first end of the grounding resistor and the second low-voltage arm resistor R3Or a third low-voltage arm resistor R4The second end of the grounding resistor is connected with the ground.
Further, the high-voltage arm resistor R1The low-voltage arm resistor and the low-voltage arm resistor are formed by winding the same resistance wire on a ceramic rod; the low-voltage arm resistor is provided with one or more taps.
Further, the high-voltage arm resistor R1The resistance value of the low-voltage arm resistor is between 30 megaohms and 80 megaohms, and the resistance value of the low-voltage arm resistor is between 15k omega and 25k omega; the high-voltage arm resistor R1And the resistance ratio of the low-voltage arm resistor is 3076:1 or 2659: 1.
Further, the amplitude adjustment circuit comprises a plurality of resistors connected in series; the phase compensation circuit comprises a plurality of capacitors connected in parallel.
Meanwhile, the invention also provides a manufacturing and debugging method of the multi-tap voltage transformer, which comprises the following steps:
1) manufacturing an integrated high-voltage resistor voltage divider:
high-voltage arm resistor R wound on ceramic rod by using same resistance wire1And a low-voltage arm resistance; the low-voltage arm resistor is provided with one or more taps;
2) manufacturing a multi-tap voltage transformer;
3) debugging the voltage transformer:
adjusting the amplitude of any resistor in the series-connected low-voltage arm resistors to be within the precision, and then performing phase compensation on the whole series-connected low-voltage arm resistor to be within the precision;
or,
and adjusting the amplitude of any resistor in the series-connected low-voltage arm resistors to be within the precision, and then performing phase compensation on the resistor to be within the precision.
In addition, the invention also provides an integrated high-voltage resistance voltage divider for the voltage transformer, which comprises a high-voltage arm resistor R1And a low voltage arm resistor, the high voltage arm resistor R1And the low-voltage arm resistor is formed by winding the same resistance wire on a ceramic rod.
Further, the low-voltage arm resistor is provided with a plurality of taps.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the signal output part of the high-voltage resistor voltage divider in the electronic voltage transformer adopts a multi-tap mode (namely, the adjusting resistor R is added)3) Amplitude adjustment and phase compensation are separately performed, mutual influence between the amplitude adjustment and the phase compensation is reduced, adjustment is convenient, production efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the high-voltage arm resistor R of the high-voltage resistor divider is used1And the low-voltage arm resistor is of an integrated structure, only the transformation ratio precision of the high-voltage resistor and the low-voltage resistor is required, the precision of a single resistor is not required, the yield of the resistors is improved, and batch production is facilitated.
2. The amplitude of the electronic voltage transformer of the invention is adjusted to the resistance R3The operation reduces the requirement of resistance adjustment and the production cost of products, and is convenient for large-scale production.
3. The invention provides a manufacturing and debugging method of a voltage transformer, which is characterized in that a high-voltage arm resistor R is connected with a resistor R1The low-voltage arm resistor and the high-voltage arm resistor are arranged into an integrated structure, only the transformation ratio precision of the high-voltage resistor and the low-voltage resistor is required, the precision of a single resistor is not required, the yield of the resistors is improved, and batch production is facilitated; meanwhile, amplitude adjustment and phase compensation adjustment are separately performed, so that mutual influence between the amplitude adjustment and the phase compensation adjustment is reduced, adjustment is convenient, and the production efficiency is improved.
4. The invention relates to a high-voltage arm resistor R of a high-voltage resistor divider of an electronic voltage transformer1The high-voltage arm and the low-voltage arm are made of the same material and the same process at the same time, and the resistance R of the high-voltage arm changes when external factors (voltage, temperature and the like) change1The resistance change rate of the low-voltage arm is consistent, the sensitivity of the product to the external environment is reduced, and the stability of the product is improved.
5. The low potential of the output signal of the electronic voltage transformer has two realization modes of grounding and non-grounding, and can be matched with a DTU/FTU low potential grounding system and a low potential suspension system; after the grounding resistance is increased, the method can be used for a system with a low potential grounding or a system with a low potential ungrounded.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional electronic voltage sensor;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional voltage sensor;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an electrical multi-tap voltage transformer of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the electrical multi-tap voltage transformer of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an amplitude adjustment circuit;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a phase compensation circuit.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples:
as shown in fig. 3, the multi-tap voltage transformer of the present invention is mainly composed of a resistor divider and a regulating unit. The resistor divider comprises a high-voltage arm resistor R1And a low-voltage arm resistance; the low-voltage arm resistor comprises a first low-voltage arm resistor R connected in series2A second low-voltage arm resistor R3(ii) a High voltage arm resistor R1Is connected with the high-voltage transmission line, and a high-voltage arm resistor R1Second terminal and first low-voltage arm resistor R2Is connected to a first low-voltage arm resistor R2Second terminal and second low-voltage arm resistor R3Is connected to the first end of the first low-voltage arm resistor R3The second terminal of (a) is grounded. The regulating unit comprises an amplitude regulating circuit, a phase compensating circuit, a second low-voltage arm resistor R3Both ends of the amplitude adjusting circuit are connected with the amplitude adjusting circuit; first low-voltage arm resistor R2First terminal and second low-voltage arm resistor R3Is connected with the phase compensation circuit, or the phase compensation circuit is connected with the second low-voltage arm resistor R3At both ends of the same.
In other embodiments, the resistor divider further comprises a ground resistor, a first end of the ground resistor and the second low-voltage arm resistor R3The second end of the grounding resistor is connected with the ground.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the amplitude adjustment is performed for the second low-voltage arm resistor R3Operation, phase compensation for R2+R3Operating or aiming at resistance R3And (5) operating. The amplitude adjusting circuit and the phase compensating circuit are both existing circuits, the amplitude adjusting circuit comprises a plurality of resistors connected in series, the phase compensating circuit comprises a plurality of capacitors connected in parallel, and the amplitude adjusting circuit is formed by connecting resistors with proper resistance values in parallel to a second low-voltage arm resistor R3The amplitude is adjusted at two ends of the resistor; the phase compensation circuit adopts a capacitor with a proper capacitance value to be connected in parallel with R2+R3And two ends, compensating the phase.
High-voltage arm resistor R of high-voltage resistor divider1With low pressure arm resistance structure as an organic whole, specifically for high, low pressure arm resistance adopt same resistance wire to adopt noninductive mode coiling on a ceramic rod, the resistance of low pressure arm resistance is the resistance of following total resistance wire interior branch needs, the partial pressure formula of series resistance is:
or,
high-voltage arm resistor R of voltage transformer1The resistor and the low-voltage arm resistor are of an integrated structure, only the transformation ratio precision of the high-voltage resistor and the low-voltage resistor is required, the precision requirement on a single resistor is low, the yield of the resistors is improved, and batch production is facilitated. High voltage arm resistor R1The high-voltage arm and the low-voltage arm are manufactured by the same material and the same process at the same time, and when external factors (voltage, temperature and the like) change, the resistance R of the high-voltage arm1The resistance change rate of the low-voltage arm is consistent, the sensitivity of the product to the external environment is reduced, and the stability of the product is improved.
In particular, the high-voltage arm resistance R1The resistance value of the low-voltage arm resistor is between 30 megaohms and 80 megaohms, and the resistance value of the low-voltage arm resistor is between 15k omega and 25k omega. High voltage arm resistor R1And the resistance ratio of the low-voltage arm resistor is determined according to actual needs, and is, for example, 3070: 1 or 2659: 1.
The signal output part of the high-voltage resistor voltage divider in the electronic voltage transformer adopts a three-tap mode (namely, the adjusting resistor R is added)3) Amplitude adjustment and phase compensation are separately performed, so that mutual influence between the amplitude adjustment and the phase compensation is reduced, adjustment is convenient, production efficiency is improved, and the amplitude adjustment aims at the resistor R3The operation reduces the requirement of the adjusted resistance and the production cost of the product, and is convenient for large-scale production.
As shown in FIG. 4, the high arm resistor R of the high voltage resistive divider of the electronic voltage mutual (sensor) sensor1A first low-voltage arm resistor R2、R3Earth resistance RGround connectionA plurality of resistors may be used instead in series. The amplitude adjustment can also be adjusted through multiple taps, and only the amplitude adjustment needs to be performed on the amplitude adjustmentThe purpose can be achieved by adjusting one resistor tap. That is, the low-voltage arm resistor may further include m third low-voltage arm resistors R4M is more than or equal to 1; m third low-voltage arm resistors R4The resistance values of the resistors can be the same or different, and the amplitude regulating circuit is connected with the second low-voltage arm resistor R3Or any third low-voltage arm resistor R4Both ends of (a); the phase compensation circuit is connected with the first low-voltage arm resistor R2First terminal and end third low-voltage arm resistor R4A second end of (a); or the phase compensation circuit is connected with the second low-voltage arm resistor R3Or any third low-voltage arm resistor R4At both ends of the same.
The invention aims at any resistance adjustment in the low-voltage arm resistance, but not the whole low-voltage arm resistance adjustment, so that the mutual influence of phase compensation and amplitude compensation can be ignored during debugging, and the adjustment process becomes simple and fast. Amplitude compensation is only carried out aiming at any resistor, the influence of a debugging resistor on the precision of a product is small, and the requirement can be met by selecting a common resistor.
Meanwhile, the invention also provides a manufacturing and debugging method of the multi-tap voltage transformer, which comprises the following steps:
1) manufacturing an integrated high-voltage resistor voltage divider:
high-voltage arm resistor R wound on ceramic rod by using same resistance wire1And a low-voltage arm resistance; the low-voltage arm resistor is provided with one or more taps;
2) manufacturing a multi-tap voltage transformer;
3) debugging the voltage transformer:
adjusting the amplitude of any resistor in the series-connected low-voltage arm resistors to be within the precision, and then performing phase compensation on the whole series-connected low-voltage arm resistor to be within the precision;
or, adjusting the amplitude of any resistor in the series-connected low-voltage arm resistors to be within the precision, and then performing phase compensation on the resistor to be within the precision.
In addition, the invention also provides an integrated high-voltage resistance voltage divider for the voltage transformer, which comprises a high-voltage arm resistor R1And a low-voltage arm resistor, a high-voltage arm resistor R1And the low-voltage arm resistor is formed by winding the same resistance wire on a ceramic rod. The low-voltage arm resistor is provided with a plurality of taps.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-tap voltage transformer comprises a resistor divider and an adjusting unit, and is characterized in that:
the resistor divider comprises a high-voltage arm resistor R1And a low-voltage arm resistance; the low-voltage arm resistor comprises a first low-voltage arm resistor R connected in series2And a second low-voltage arm resistor R3；
The high-voltage arm resistor R1Is connected with the high-voltage transmission line, and a high-voltage arm resistor R1Second terminal and first low-voltage arm resistor R2Is connected to the first end of the first low voltageArm resistor R2Second terminal and second low-voltage arm resistor R3Is connected to the first end of the second low-voltage arm resistor R3The second terminal of (1) is grounded;
the adjusting unit comprises an amplitude adjusting circuit and a phase compensating circuit;
the amplitude adjusting circuit is connected with a second low-voltage arm resistor R3Both ends of (a);
the phase compensation circuit is connected with the first low-voltage arm resistor R2First terminal and second low-voltage arm resistor R3A second end of (a);
or the phase compensation circuit is connected with the second low-voltage arm resistor R3At both ends of the same.
2. The multi-tap voltage transformer of claim 1, wherein: the low-voltage arm resistor further comprises m third low-voltage arm resistors R connected in series4M third low-voltage arm resistors R4A resistor R connected in series with the second low-voltage arm3M is more than or equal to 1;
the amplitude adjusting circuit is connected with a second low-voltage arm resistor R3Or any third low-voltage arm resistor R4Both ends of (a);
the phase compensation circuit is connected with the first low-voltage arm resistor R2First terminal and end third low-voltage arm resistor R4A second end of (a);
or the phase compensation circuit is connected with the second low-voltage arm resistor R3Or any third low-voltage arm resistor R4At both ends of the same.
3. The multi-tap voltage transformer of claim 2, wherein: the high-voltage switch also comprises a grounding resistor, wherein a first end and a tail end of the grounding resistor are connected with a third low-voltage arm resistor R4The second end of the grounding resistor is connected with the ground.
4. The multi-tap voltage transformer of claim 1, wherein: the circuit also comprises a grounding resistor, wherein the first end of the grounding resistorAnd a second low-voltage arm resistor R3The second end of the grounding resistor is connected with the ground.
5. The multi-tap voltage transformer of claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein: the high-voltage arm resistor R1The low-voltage arm resistor and the low-voltage arm resistor are formed by winding the same resistance wire on a ceramic rod; the low-voltage arm resistor is provided with one or more taps.
6. The multi-tap voltage transformer of claim 5, wherein: the high-voltage arm resistor R1The resistance value of the low-voltage arm resistor is between 30 megaohms and 80 megaohms, and the resistance value of the low-voltage arm resistor is between 15k omega and 25k omega; the high-voltage arm resistor R1And the resistance ratio of the low-voltage arm resistor is 3076:1 or 2659: 1.
7. The multi-tap voltage transformer of claim 5, wherein: the amplitude adjusting circuit comprises a plurality of resistors connected in series; the phase compensation circuit comprises a plurality of capacitors connected in parallel.
8. The method for manufacturing and debugging the multi-tap voltage transformer according to any one of claims 1-7, comprising the steps of:
1) manufacturing an integrated high-voltage resistor voltage divider:
high-voltage arm resistor R wound on ceramic rod by using same resistance wire1And a low-voltage arm resistance; the low-voltage arm resistor is provided with one or more taps;
2) manufacturing a multi-tap voltage transformer;
3) debugging the voltage transformer:
adjusting the amplitude of any resistor in the series-connected low-voltage arm resistors to be within the precision, and then performing phase compensation on the whole series-connected low-voltage arm resistor to be within the precision;
or,
and adjusting the amplitude of any resistor in the series-connected low-voltage arm resistors to be within the precision, and then performing phase compensation on the resistor to be within the precision.
9. The utility model provides an integral type high tension resistance divider for voltage transformer which characterized in that: comprising a high-voltage arm resistor R1And a low voltage arm resistor, the high voltage arm resistor R1And the low-voltage arm resistor is formed by winding the same resistance wire on a ceramic rod.
10. The integrated high voltage resistor divider for the voltage transformer of claim 9, wherein: the low-voltage arm resistor is provided with a plurality of taps.
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| CN103825284A (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2014-05-28 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Multi-tap electric reactor-based capacitive load power factor compensation circuit |
| CN104360141A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-02-18 | 国家电网公司 | Stand-off ratio voltage coefficient detection method based on separable direct current voltage divider |
| CN204228774U (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-03-25 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of 1000kV DC partial voltage for DC voltage addition test compares standard set-up |
| EP3179258A1 (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2017-06-14 | ABB Schweiz AG | Electrical installation device with current sensing circuit |
| CN106053909A (en) * | 2016-07-25 | 2016-10-26 | 浙江天际互感器有限公司 | Resistor divider type three-phase combined voltage transformer with zero sequence voltage output |
| CN206515384U (en) * | 2017-01-16 | 2017-09-22 | 宿迁市计量测试所 | A kind of electronic type voltage transformer |
| CN107064601A (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-08-18 | 杭州零尔电力科技有限公司 | A kind of electronic type voltage transformer |
| CN206583958U (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2017-10-24 | 杭州零尔电力科技有限公司 | A kind of electronic type voltage transformer |
| CN209803215U (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-12-17 | 西安高研电器有限责任公司 | Multi-tap voltage transformer |
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