CN109263811A - The buoy and method of direction discernment and positioning function with no magnetic low-power consumption - Google Patents

The buoy and method of direction discernment and positioning function with no magnetic low-power consumption Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109263811A
CN109263811A CN201811152824.5A CN201811152824A CN109263811A CN 109263811 A CN109263811 A CN 109263811A CN 201811152824 A CN201811152824 A CN 201811152824A CN 109263811 A CN109263811 A CN 109263811A
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China
Prior art keywords
buoy
well
installation
float
orientation
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CN201811152824.5A
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CN109263811B (en
Inventor
刘愉强
朱鹏利
周保成
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South China Sea Marine Engineering Surveying Center State Oceanic Administration
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B22/00Buoys
    • B63B22/16Buoys specially adapted for marking a navigational route
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C13/00Surveying specially adapted to open water, e.g. sea, lake, river or canal
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/18Water
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/01Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/13Receivers
    • G01S19/14Receivers specially adapted for specific applications
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/38Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system
    • G01S19/39Determining a navigation solution using signals transmitted by a satellite radio beacon positioning system the satellite radio beacon positioning system transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • G01S19/42Determining position
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)

Abstract

The buoy and method of direction discernment and positioning function with no magnetic low-power consumption, set that there are three global positioning systems to install well on buoy float, and are sealed with well lid, are engineering plastics in the middle part of well lid to receive satellite-signal;Using buoy center to one of well as benchmark line, initial 0 ° of direction of the observation device of carrying is all is overlapped consistent with reference line.Buoy float is the buoy float with current meter installation well, water quality instrument installation well, spare installation well.The data that global positioning system obtains, which are transported to progress calculation process in controller, can obtain accurate direction, location information.The present invention is not limited by geographical location, can Anywhere be disposed in the whole world, not needed earth magnetism, do not limited by latitude geography, as long as the signal of satellite navigation system works normally;It can be used under the conditions of severe sea condition, without accurate complicated mechanical structure, be amenable to hard hit, it can also normal use after rolling;Received satellite is not required;Low-power consumption, low cost and direction and location integration.

Description

The buoy and method of direction discernment and positioning function with no magnetic low-power consumption
Technical field
The present invention relates to the buoy and method of a kind of direction discernment with no magnetic low-power consumption and positioning function, specifically one Kind reaches by satellite positioning mode and carries out accurate direction discernment and positioning to buoy, observes true wind direction, flow direction, wave for buoy To benchmark and position is provided, belong to buoy technical field.
Background technique
The buoy direction discernment of sea service operation and observation is all using three-dimensional electronic compass, three-dimensional electronic compass at present It is made of three dimensional reluctance sensor, double-shaft tilt angle sensor and MCU.Three dimensional reluctance sensor is used to measure earth magnetic field, inclination angle Sensor is compensated in magnetometer non-standard state;The signal and data of MCU processing magnetometer and obliquity sensor Output and soft iron, hard iron compensate.The magnetometer is to use three mutually perpendicular magnetoresistive sensors, the sensor in each axial direction The geomagnetic field intensity of detection in this direction.Magnetoresistive effect sensor is according to made of the magnetoresistance of magnetic material.Make Magnetic material is magnetized with preceding, hereafter the magnetization of material will be produced if encountering the magnetic field of stronger opposite direction It is raw to influence, to influence the performance of sensor.In extreme circumstances, the direction of magnetization can be made to overturn 180.If in the environment used In have in addition to there is extratellurian magnetic field and when these magnetic fields can not effectively shield, then the use of electronic compass just have it is very big The problem of.And the buoy overwhelming majority of business operation and observation is the steel buoy float of diameter 6m or more, it is long-term in this environment Direction is identified using three-dimensional electronic compass, be will cause the direction of observation buoy there are deviation either reverse phenomenon, is in turn resulted in The data such as wind direction, flow direction, wave direction are inaccurate, unreliable or even mistake.At this moment can only consider to measure direction using gyroscope ?.But since gyroscope real-time is poor, before observation, gyroscope needs to preheat, orientation time few then ten minutes, it is more then One hour.And the price is very expensive for gyroscope, and nearly 100,000 yuan, nearly million yuan of fibre optic gyroscope of general mechanical gyroscope. Furthermore gyroscope is very accurate instrument, it is not possible to be clashed, it is not possible to rolling etc..Finally, three-dimensional electronic compass and Gyroscope is all limited by latitude, and in high latitudes, (being greater than 75 °) be can not work normally.It can be seen that the prior art is difficult to completely Requirement of the sufficient businessization operation buoy to direction, especially carries out the demand of buoy observation in the two poles of the earth region.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve the problems, such as the buoy direction discernment of business operation and observation and positioning, one kind is provided Low-power dissipation system and the method with direction discernment without geographical constraints and positioning are not influenced by floating steel buoy float --- without magnetic The direction discernment and positioning buoy system and method for low-power consumption.
The buoy of direction discernment and positioning function with no magnetic low-power consumption, including buoy float, it is characterized in that on buoy float If there are three global positioning systems to install well, and install global positioning system respectively in three global positioning systems installation well, and with Well lid sealing or star position indicator are mounted on the well lid lower bottom part;The well lid middle section is engineering plastics or described Well lid generally engineering plastics can receive satellite-signal by this engineering plastics position indicator;With the center of buoy float to its In an installation well direction be benchmark line, buoy float by cable pipeline give global positioning system power supply.
The buoy of the direction discernment with no magnetic low-power consumption and positioning function, it is characterised in that the buoy float Also equipped with wind observation device, wave observation equipment, Current Observations equipment, the reference line is made to the direction of the observation device Initial 0 ° of direction for 0 ° of benchmark line of reference namely the observation device is all is overlapped consistent with reference line.
The buoy of the direction discernment with no magnetic low-power consumption and positioning function, it is characterised in that the buoy float is With current meter installation well, water quality instrument installation well, the spare buoy float for installing well;And the installation well, water quality instrument installation well, In spare installation well or the well lid bottom surface of three installation wells distinguishes installation position finder, installs the well lid middle section engineering of well Plastics, processing result can obtain the direction of buoy, exact position.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following remarkable advantage:
First innovative point is not limited by geographical location
The present invention can Anywhere dispose in the whole world, do not need earth magnetism, do not limited by latitude geography.As long as satellite navigation system The signal of system can work normally.
Second innovative point is not influenced by extreme environment
The present invention can use under the conditions of severe sea condition, and one, its mechanical structure complicated without precision are amenable to acutely hit It hits, it can also normal use after rolling;Two, received satellite is not required, if meet positioning basic demand (three and with On).
The low-power consumption of third innovative point, low cost
Small an order of magnitude of power dissipation ratio fibre optic gyroscope of the invention, two orders of magnitude smaller than mechanical gyroscope.It forms Originally it is fibre optic gyroscope 1 percent, is 1/10th of mechanical gyroscope.
4th innovative point direction and location integration
The present invention can not only provide direction, moreover it is possible to provide location information.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is overall structure front view of the invention.
Fig. 2 is overall structure cross section view of the invention.
Fig. 3 is installation well side view of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the direction discernment schematic diagram that buoy is located at the Northern Hemisphere, coordinate system first quartile.
Fig. 5 is the direction discernment schematic diagram that buoy is located at the Northern Hemisphere, the second quadrant of coordinate system.
Fig. 6 is the direction discernment schematic diagram that buoy is located at the Northern Hemisphere, coordinate system third quadrant.
Fig. 7 is the direction discernment schematic diagram that buoy is located at the Northern Hemisphere, coordinate system fourth quadrant.
Fig. 8 is the direction discernment schematic diagram that buoy is located at the Southern Hemisphere, coordinate system first quartile.
Fig. 9 is the direction discernment schematic diagram that buoy is located at the Southern Hemisphere, the second quadrant of coordinate system.
Figure 10 is the direction discernment schematic diagram that buoy is located at the Southern Hemisphere, coordinate system third quadrant.
Figure 11 is the direction discernment schematic diagram that buoy is located at the Southern Hemisphere, coordinate system fourth quadrant.
Wherein, 1 buoy float, 2 current meters installation well, 3 water quality instrument install well, 4 spare installation wells, 5 well lids, 6 reference lines, 7 Position indicator, 8 cable pipelines, 9, chain-wales, 10, solar-cell panel support.
Specific embodiment
Such as Fig. 1-3, the buoy of direction discernment and positioning function with no magnetic low-power consumption, including buoy float 1, it is characterized in that Global positioning system installs well there are three setting on buoy float 1, and installs satellite respectively in three global positioning systems installation well Position instrument 7, and 5 lower bottom part of well lid is mounted on the sealing of well lid 5 or star position indicator;5 middle section of well lid is engineering Plastics or the generally engineering plastics of the well lid 5 can receive satellite-signal by this engineering plastics position indicator 7;With floating The direction of the center of standard type 1 to one of installation well is benchmark line 6;Buoy float 1 gives global positioning system 7 by cable pipeline 8 Power supply.
Such as Fig. 1, the buoy of the direction discernment with no magnetic low-power consumption and positioning function, it is characterised in that described For buoy float 1 also equipped with wind observation device, wave observation equipment, Current Observations equipment, the reference line 6 gives the observation device Direction as initial 0 ° of direction of 0 ° of benchmark line of reference namely the observation device be unanimously overlapped with reference line 6.It can adopt With the conventional design of existing buoy, there is chain-wales 9 and solar-cell panel support 10 on mast cylinder, various equipment can pacify simultaneously On bracket.
Such as Fig. 2, the buoy direction discernment and positioning system of the no magnetic low-power consumption, it is characterised in that the buoy float 1 It is the buoy float with current meter installation well 2, water quality instrument installation well 3, spare installation well 4;And in the installation well 2, water quality instrument In installation well 3, spare installation well 4 or the well lid bottom surface of three installation wells distinguishes installation position finder 7, installs among the well lid of well Part engineering plastics 5, processing result can obtain the direction of buoy, exact position.
The present invention loads onto buoy without magnetic low-power consumption direction and positioning system on buoy, and realization is not limited by geographical conditions, It can use in the presence of a harsh environment, and low in energy consumption, at low cost.The data that global positioning system 7 obtains are transported in controller Accurate direction and location information can be obtained by carrying out calculation process.
The direction discernment and localization method of above system, specific as follows:
(1) system is thrown to specified sea area, three global positioning systems 7 get satellite-signal respectively, if satellite is believed Longitude numbers are x in number1、x2、x3, latitude numerical value is y1、y2、y3, then coordinate is respectively (x1, y1)、(x2, y2)、(x3, y3);If The installation well that reference line (6) passes through is No.1 well (or saying using 1 center of buoy float to the direction of No.1 installation well as benchmark line 6), Reference line 6 is the direction to observation devices such as buoyage installation wind, wave, ocean currents as 0 ° of benchmark line of reference, these instruments Initial 0 ° of direction of equipment is unanimously overlapped with reference line 6;
(2) by the coordinate (x of acquisition1, y1)、(x2, y2)、(x3, y3) data information, it is included to be transferred to host computer or buoy Controller carries out calculation process, is that vertex constructs triangle with these three points, if the central coordinate of circle (x of triangle circumscribed circle0, y0), Radius of circle is R, and algorithm is as follows:
R=(x1-x0)2+(y1-y0)2 (3)
Then, the real time position of buoy is (x0, y0), x0For longitude, y0For latitude.
(3) using 1 central point of buoy float as origin, cartesian coordinate system is established, if reference line 6 and cartesian coordinate system x-axis Folded acute angle is φ, and unit is degree °, then
This angle also needs after further being judged according to the following conditions, determines buoy orientation θ, and unit is degree °;
According to cartesian coordinate system using the longitudinal axis as y-axis, it is positive from origin, is negative downwards upwards;Using horizontal axis as x-axis, from original Point is positive to the right, is negative to the left;Plane right-angle coordinate in measurement is northwards using the longitudinal axis of North and South direction as x-axis, from origin Just, it is negative southwards;Using the horizontal axis of east-west direction as y-axis, it is positive eastwards from origin, is westwards negative.
If 1) on the Northern Hemisphere,
a)x1≥x0And y1> y0When, buoy orientation θ is to see Fig. 4
θ=90- φ
b)x1< x0And y1> y0When, buoy orientation θ is to see Fig. 5
θ=270+ φ
c)x1< x0And y1< y0When, buoy orientation θ is to see Fig. 6
θ=270- φ
d)x1> x0And y1< y0When, buoy orientation θ is to see Fig. 7
θ=90+ φ
If 2) in the Southern Hemisphere,
a)x1≥x0And y1> y0When, buoy orientation θ is to see Fig. 8
θ=270- φ
b)x1< x0And y1> y0When, buoy orientation θ is to see Fig. 9
θ=90+ φ
c)x1< x0And y1≤y0When, buoy orientation θ is to see Figure 10
θ=90- φ
d)x1≥x0And y1≤y0When, buoy orientation θ is to see Figure 11
θ=270+ φ.

Claims (5)

1. the buoy of direction discernment and positioning function with no magnetic low-power consumption, including buoy float (1), it is characterized in that buoy float (1) global positioning system installs well there are three setting on, and installs global positioning system respectively in three global positioning systems installation well (7), and with well lid (5) sealing or star position indicator it is mounted on the well lid (5) lower bottom part;Well lid (5) middle section is Engineering plastics or the well lid (5) generally engineering plastics;With the center of buoy float (1) to the side of one of installation well To for benchmark line (6), buoy float (1) gives global positioning system (7) power supply by cable pipeline (8).
2. the buoy of the direction discernment with no magnetic low-power consumption and positioning function as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that institute The buoy float (1) stated is also equipped with wind observation device, wave observation equipment, Current Observations equipment, and the reference line (6) is to described The direction of observation device is all and reference line (6) one as initial 0 ° of direction of 0 ° of benchmark line of reference namely the observation device It causes to be overlapped.
3. the buoy of the direction discernment with no magnetic low-power consumption and positioning function as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that institute Stating buoy float (1) is to have current meter installation well (2), water quality instrument installation well (3), the spare buoy float for installing well (4);And institute State installation well (2), water quality instrument installation well (3), it is spare installation well (4) in or three installation wells well lid bottom surface install respectively calmly Position instrument (7), installs well lid (5) middle section engineering plastics of well.
4. the localization method of buoy described in claim 1-3, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
(1) system is thrown to specified sea area, three global positioning systems (7) get satellite-signal respectively, if satellite-signal Middle longitude numbers are x1、x2、x3, latitude numerical value is y1、y2、y3, then coordinate is respectively (x1, y1)、(x2, y2)、(x3, y3);If base The installation well that directrix (6) is passed through is No.1 well;
(2) by the coordinate (x of acquisition1, y1)、(x2, y2)、(x3, y3) data information, it is transferred to the control that host computer or buoy carry Device carries out calculation process, is that vertex constructs triangle with these three points, if the central coordinate of circle (x of triangle circumscribed circle0, y0), circle half Diameter is R, and algorithm is as follows:
R=(x1-x0)2+(y1-y0)2 (3)
Then, the real time position of buoy is (x0, y0), x0For longitude, y0For latitude.
5. the direction recognizing method of buoy described in claim 1-3, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
(1) system is thrown to specified sea area, three global positioning systems (7) get satellite-signal respectively, if satellite-signal Middle longitude numbers are x1、x2、x3, latitude numerical value is y1、y2、y3, then coordinate is respectively (x1, y1)、(x2, y2)、(x3, y3);If base The installation well that directrix (6) is passed through is No.1 well;
(2) using buoy float (1) central point as origin, cartesian coordinate system is established, if reference line (6) and cartesian coordinate system x-axis Folded acute angle is φ, and unit is degree °, then
R=(x1-x0)2+(y1-y0)2
This angle also needs after further being judged according to the following conditions, determines buoy orientation θ, and unit is degree °;
According to cartesian coordinate system using the longitudinal axis as y-axis, it is positive from origin, is negative downwards upwards;Using horizontal axis as x-axis, from origin to The right side is positive, and is negative to the left;Plane right-angle coordinate in measurement is northwards positive using the longitudinal axis of North and South direction as x-axis, from origin, to South is negative;Using the horizontal axis of east-west direction as y-axis, it is positive eastwards from origin, is westwards negative;
If 1) on the Northern Hemisphere,
a)x1≥x0And y1> y0When, buoy orientation θ is
θ=90- φ
b)x1< x0And y1> y0When, buoy orientation θ is
θ=270+ φ
c)x1< x0And y1< y0When, buoy orientation θ is
θ=270- φ
d)x1> x0And y1< y0When, buoy orientation θ is
θ=90+ φ
If 2) in the Southern Hemisphere,
a)x1≥x0And y1> y0When, buoy orientation θ is
θ=270- φ
b)x1< x0And y1> y0When, buoy orientation θ is
θ=90+ φ
c)x1< x0And y1≤y0When, buoy orientation θ is
θ=90- φ
d)x1≥x0And y1≤y0When, buoy orientation θ is
θ=270+ φ.
CN201811152824.5A 2018-09-29 2018-09-29 Buoy with non-magnetic low-power-consumption direction identification and positioning functions and method Active CN109263811B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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RU2823985C1 (en) * 2023-11-21 2024-07-31 Федеральное Государственное Автономное Образовательное Учреждение Высшего Образования "Самарский Национальный Исследовательский Университет Имени Академика С.П. Королева" (Самарский Университет) Magnetic system for orientation of nano- and microsatellites

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CN204706640U (en) * 2015-07-10 2015-10-14 嘉善金昌电子有限公司 A kind of multi-functional anti-metal solar energy well lid antenna
CN106403901A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-15 国家海洋技术中心 Measuring apparatus and method for attitude of buoy
CN108357634A (en) * 2017-09-29 2018-08-03 国家海洋局南海调查技术中心 No anchor system automatically resets far-reaching extra large ocean weather station observation buoy and method
CN209037789U (en) * 2018-09-29 2019-06-28 刘愉强 The buoy of direction discernment and positioning function with no magnetic low-power consumption

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102135624A (en) * 2011-01-10 2011-07-27 天津海洋数码科技有限公司 Ship heading detection system and detection method
CN102818566A (en) * 2012-05-04 2012-12-12 中国人民解放军镇江船艇学院 Method and device for locating ship
KR101453056B1 (en) * 2013-10-30 2014-10-22 강릉원주대학교산학협력단 Longshore current observation apparatus and operation method of same
CN104050675A (en) * 2014-06-30 2014-09-17 河南理工大学 Feature point matching method based on triangle description
CN204706640U (en) * 2015-07-10 2015-10-14 嘉善金昌电子有限公司 A kind of multi-functional anti-metal solar energy well lid antenna
CN106403901A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-15 国家海洋技术中心 Measuring apparatus and method for attitude of buoy
CN108357634A (en) * 2017-09-29 2018-08-03 国家海洋局南海调查技术中心 No anchor system automatically resets far-reaching extra large ocean weather station observation buoy and method
CN209037789U (en) * 2018-09-29 2019-06-28 刘愉强 The buoy of direction discernment and positioning function with no magnetic low-power consumption

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2823985C1 (en) * 2023-11-21 2024-07-31 Федеральное Государственное Автономное Образовательное Учреждение Высшего Образования "Самарский Национальный Исследовательский Университет Имени Академика С.П. Королева" (Самарский Университет) Magnetic system for orientation of nano- and microsatellites

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