CN109261527A - A kind of coffee bean grader and stage division - Google Patents
A kind of coffee bean grader and stage division Download PDFInfo
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- CN109261527A CN109261527A CN201810974376.0A CN201810974376A CN109261527A CN 109261527 A CN109261527 A CN 109261527A CN 201810974376 A CN201810974376 A CN 201810974376A CN 109261527 A CN109261527 A CN 109261527A
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- coffee bean
- dopant
- hopper
- collecting box
- rack
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- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 47
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
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- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012773 agricultural material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005622 photoelectricity Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 240000002234 Allium sativum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000143060 Americamysis bahia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002566 Capsicum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008574 Capsicum frutescens Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000962509 Engraulis eurystole Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000353135 Psenopsis anomala Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000006365 Vitis vinifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001390 capsicum minimum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B15/00—Combinations of apparatus for separating solids from solids by dry methods applicable to bulk material, e.g. loose articles fit to be handled like bulk material
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of coffee bean grader and stage divisions, belong to agricultural material screening installation technical field.The coffee bean grader includes feeder, refining screening portion, classification portion, air-blowing portion, rewinding portion, electric control box, air pump, and feeder is connected to refining screening portion；Feeder includes rack I, hopper, vibrating motor I, dopant collector I；Refining screening portion includes rack II, vibrated bed main body, vibrating motor II, dopant collector II；Classification portion includes CCD camera, microprocessor, seal case, light compensating lamp, cleaner；Air-blowing portion includes tracheae column, solenoid valve, air pump;Rewinding portion includes collecting box I, collecting box II, collecting box III, collecting box IV, collecting box V.Green coffee can be classified by coffee bean grader of the invention according to partial size, and roast coffee beans are classified according to color, improve the efficiency of separation of coffee bean, mitigate manual labor's intensity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coffee bean grader and stage divisions, belong to agricultural material screening installation technical field.
Background technique
Grader is used for a kind of lossless screening installation of bulk material Quality Detection and classification, in grain, food, pigmentation
The industries such as work have a wide range of applications, to the big regenerated plastics piece of sorting difficulty, plastic grain, corn, various beans, ore,
Capsicum, garlic rice, bags of melon seeds, raisins, seed, Chinese medicine, dried shrimps, dried small shrimp, silver anchovy and extraordinary material separating effect are all very aobvious
It writes.
Currently, China is in coffee cultivated area and yield great scale, but coffee bean size quality grading and after
But there is a problem of in terms of continuous working process more.At this stage, the size quality grading of green coffee is mainly by artificial point
Grade, on the one hand manual grading skill causes labor intensity high, on the other hand since the defects of vision of people cause Grading accuracy rate lower.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is difficult for green coffee size quality grading in the prior art, the classification of roast coffee beans quality of colour is tired
Difficult problem, provides a kind of coffee bean grader and stage division, coffee bean grader of the invention can by green coffee according to
Partial size is classified, and roast coffee beans are classified according to color, improves the efficiency of separation of coffee bean, and it is strong to mitigate manual labor
Degree.
The present invention be solve its technical problem and the technical solution adopted is that:
A kind of coffee bean grader, including feeder 1, refining screening portion 2, classification portion 3, air-blowing portion 4, rewinding portion 5, electrical control
Case 6, air pump 7, feeder 1 are connected to refining screening portion 2,
Feeder 1 includes rack I 8, hopper 9, vibrating motor I 11, dopant collector I 12, and rack I 8 is rectangular frame structure,
9 top of hopper is mounted on I 8 top of rack by hopper mounting assembly 10, and 9 lower part of hopper extends in rack I 8, vibrating motor I
11 are fixed at the side wall of hopper 9, and I 12 level of dopant collector is fixed at the bottom in rack I 8, and hopper 9 goes out
Material mouth 14 is inclined at the side wall of 9 bottom of hopper and the low side of discharge port 14 is connected to refining screening portion 2, the bottom in hopper 9
Portion's angled downward from horizontal is provided with bottom plate sieve I 13, and bottom plate sieve I 13 is located at the top of discharge port 14 and bottom plate sieve I 13
Low side is connected to the high-end of discharge port 14, and the bottom end side wall of hopper 9 offers dopant outlet 15 and dopant outlet 15 and is located at
14 lower section of discharge port；
Refining screening portion 2 includes rack II 16, vibrated bed main body 17, vibrating motor II 19, dopant collector II 20, rack II
16 be rectangular frame structure, and rack II 16 is arranged in by 18 angled downward from horizontal of vibrated bed connection component in vibrated bed main body 17
The low side of top and vibrated bed main body 17 is connected to classification portion 3, and the bottom wall of vibrated bed main body 17 is bottom plate sieve II 21, bottom plate sieve
Several S type curve tracks 22 are fixedly installed along 3 direction of classification portion on net II 21, vibrating motor II 19 is fixed at vibration
The lower end of bed main body 17, II 20 level of dopant collector are fixed at the bottom in rack II 16；S type curve track 22
Width is 1.1 ~ 1.8 times of coffee bean average grain diameter；
Classification portion 3 include photoelectric sensor I 23, photoelectric sensor II, CCD camera 24, microprocessor 25, seal case 26,
Light compensating lamp 27, cleaner 28, photoelectric sensor I 23, photoelectric sensor II are separately positioned on II 21 two sides of bottom plate sieve and photoelectricity
Sensor I 23, photoelectric sensor II are respectively positioned on the end of S type curve track 22, and photoelectric sensor I 23, photoelectric sensor II divide
Not Tong Guo data line connect with microprocessor 25, seal case is fixed at II 16 upper side of rack by support frame, close
The seal case side wall in refining screening portion 2 is inclined transparent glass graded plate, the gradient and coffee of transparent glass graded plate
The gradient that beans leave the whereabouts of S type curve track 22 is identical, and seal case inner wall is fixedly installed several CCD cameras 24,
The corresponding S type curve track 22 of camera lens of the camera lens face transparent glass graded plate and each CCD camera 24 of CCD camera 24
Outlet；Microprocessor 25 is fixed at the bottom of seal case 26, and CCD camera 24 passes through data line and microprocessor
25 connections, light compensating lamp 27 are fixed at the top of seal case 26, the transparent glass graded plate top of seal case 26 and bottom
End is fixedly installed horizontal slide rail, and the both ends of cleaner 28 are slidably installed in transparent glass graded plate top respectively and the level of bottom end is sliding
In rail；
Air-blowing portion 4 includes tracheae column 29, solenoid valve, air pump 7, and tracheae column 29 is fixed at II 16 bottom end of rack and several gas
Tubing string 29 is separately positioned on the underface of S type curve track 22, several stomatas are evenly arranged on tracheae column 29, and stomata is opened
Mouthful direction falls that exit direction is consistent with coffee bean in S type curve track 22, and the closed at one end and other end of tracheae column 29 leads to
It crosses appendix to be connected to air pump 7, solenoid valve is provided on appendix, solenoid valve is connect with microprocessor 25；
Rewinding portion 5 includes collecting box I 30, collecting box II 31, collecting box III 32, collecting box IV 33, collecting box V 34, collecting box I
30, collecting box II 31, collecting box III 32, collecting box IV 33, collecting box V 34 along the blast pass direction of 29 stomata of tracheae column according to
The secondary lower section that seal case 26 is set；
Electric control box 6 is arranged in V 34 side of collecting box, vibrating motor I 11, vibrating motor II 19, microprocessor 25, air pump 7
It is electrically connected by cable with electric control box 6；
The hopper mounting assembly 10 includes nylon plate I, nylon plate II, spring I, bolt I, bolt II, nylon rope I, nylon plate I
It is fixed at the top of spring I, nylon plate II is fixed at the bottom end of spring I, and nylon plate I is pushed up by bolt I and hopper 9
End is fixedly connected, and nylon plate II is connect by bolt II with the top of rack I 8, and 9 top of hopper is fastened in machine by nylon rope
The top of frame I 8；
The vibrated bed connection component 18 includes nylon plate III, nylon plate IV, spring II, bolt III, bolt IV, nylon rope II,
Nylon plate III is fixed at the top of spring II, and nylon plate IV is fixed at the bottom end of spring II, and nylon plate III passes through spiral shell
Bolt II is fixedly connected with the bottom end of vibrated bed main body 17, and nylon plate IV is connect by bolt II with the top of rack II 16, nylon
17 bottom end of vibrated bed main body is fastened on the top of rack II 16 by rope；
The double stomata of horizontal direction, the axis angle of double stomata and tracheae column are provided in the middle part of the side wall of the tracheae column 29
It is 13 °；
The both ends of the tracheae column 29 are fixed at II 16 bottom end of rack by snap ring.
A kind of coffee bean stage division, coffee bean are green coffee, are classified according to coffee bean partial size, using coffee bean
Grader is classified, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) coffee bean is added in the hopper of feeder, preliminary screening is realized under the vibration of vibrating motor I, it is preliminary to sieve
Dopant pass through the bottom plate sieve I of feed hopper bottom and enter dopant and export, dopant gone out by dopant under the effect of gravity
Mouth is fallen into dopant collector I, and the preliminary coffee bean that sieves stays in I top of bottom plate sieve and in the vibration of vibrating motor I and again
Power effect is lower to be entered in the vibrated bed main body in refining screening portion by the discharge port of hopper；
(2) the primary dcreening operation coffee bean in the vibrated bed main body in refining screening portion realizes accurate screening under the vibration of vibrating motor II,
The dopant accurately sieved passes through the bottom plate sieve II of vibrated bed bottom part body, and dopant falls under gravity into dopant receipts
In storage II, the coffee bean accurately sieved stays in II top of bottom plate sieve and divides under the vibration of vibrating motor II and gravity
Column enter in the S type curve track on II top of bottom plate sieve, and single-row coffee bean is arranged successively shifting in single S type curve track
It is dynamic；
(3) coffee bean reaches S type curve track end, and the coffee bean position signal that photoelectric sensor will test passes to micro- place
Device is managed, microprocessor controls the image information of the coffee bean in the CCD camera acquisition S type curve track exit in classification portion, mends
Light lamp carries out light filling to the coffee bean image process in CCD camera acquisition S type curve track exit, and CCD camera will acquire
To coffee bean image send microprocessor to, microprocessor carries out binary conversion treatment to coffee bean image and obtains binary conversion treatment
Image obtains coffee bean Fruit width d using Minimum Enclosing Rectangle method, according to coffee bean Fruit width d by coffee bean be divided into d >=
Five 6.5mm, 6.5mm > d >=6.0mm, 6.0mm > d >=5.5mm, 5.5mm > d >=5.0mm, d < 5.0mm grades；Micro process
Coffee bean rating information and gravity are carried out calculation processing and obtain air-blowing portion tracheae column to the thrust of coffee bean by device, then by air-blowing portion
Tracheae column is converted into the opening degree of solenoid valve to the thrust of coffee bean；
(4) microprocessor controls the opening degree of solenoid valve in air-blowing portion, and the gas in tracheae column will be from coffee bean S type curve track
Where the coffee bean fallen blows into the coffee bean in rewinding portion in the collecting box of rank.
A kind of coffee bean stage division, coffee bean are roast coffee beans, are classified, are adopted according to the color of roast coffee beans
It is classified with coffee bean grader, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) coffee bean is added in the hopper of feeder, preliminary screening is realized under the vibration of vibrating motor I, it is preliminary to sieve
Dopant pass through the bottom plate sieve I of feed hopper bottom and enter dopant and export, dopant gone out by dopant under the effect of gravity
Mouth is fallen into dopant collector I, and the preliminary coffee bean that sieves stays in I top of bottom plate sieve and in the vibration of vibrating motor I and again
Power effect is lower to be entered in the vibrated bed main body in refining screening portion by the discharge port of hopper；
(2) the primary dcreening operation coffee bean in the vibrated bed main body in refining screening portion realizes accurate screening under the vibration of vibrating motor II,
The dopant accurately sieved passes through the bottom plate sieve II of vibrated bed bottom part body, and dopant falls under gravity into dopant receipts
In storage II, the coffee bean accurately sieved stays in II top of bottom plate sieve and divides under the vibration of vibrating motor II and gravity
Column enter in the S type curve track on II top of bottom plate sieve, and single-row coffee bean is arranged successively shifting in single S type curve track
It is dynamic；
(3) coffee bean reaches S type curve track end, and the coffee bean position signal that photoelectric sensor will test passes to micro- place
Device is managed, microprocessor controls the image information of the coffee bean in the CCD camera acquisition S type curve track exit in classification portion, mends
Light lamp carries out light filling to the coffee bean image process in CCD camera acquisition S type curve track exit, and CCD camera will acquire
To coffee bean image send microprocessor to, microprocessor by coffee bean picture construction at RGB color model, then will
RGB color model conversation chooses color characteristic value set of the V component in HSV model as coffee bean at HSV model；
Pixel threshold is obtained using basic Global thresholding, according to coffee bean pixel thresholdCoffee bean is divided into either shallow and bakes beans
> 0.13, moderate baking beans 0.13 >=> 0.05, depth baking beans 0.05 >=Three grades；Microprocessor divides coffee bean
Grade information and gravity carry out calculation processing and obtain air-blowing portion tracheae column to the thrust of coffee bean, then by air-blowing portion tracheae column to coffee
The thrust of beans is converted into the opening degree of solenoid valve；
(4) microprocessor controls the opening degree of solenoid valve in air-blowing portion, and the gas in tracheae column will be from coffee bean S type curve track
Where the coffee bean fallen blows into the coffee bean in rewinding portion in the collecting box of rank.
Further, it is described by RGB color model conversation at the method for HSV model, specific steps are as follows:
(1) three components of RGB color model are respectively R, G and B, and choosing the maximum value in tri- components of R, G, B is T1,
Choosing the minimum value in tri- components of R, G, B is T2；
(2) RGB color model conversation is at HSV model: H value in HSV model are as follows: as T1=T2, H=0 °；As T1=R and G
When >=B, H=60 ° * (G-B)/(T1-T2)；As T1=R and G < B, H=60 ° * (G-B) /+360 ° of (T1-T2)；As T1=G, H=
60°*(B-R)/(T1-T2)+120°；As T1=B, H=60 ° * (R-G) /+240 ° of (T1-T2)；The value of S are as follows: as T1=0, S
=0;As T1 ≠ 0, S=(T1-T2)/T1；The value of V are as follows: V=T1；
(3) color characteristic value set of the V component as coffee bean in HSV model is chosen.
Further, the method that the basic Global thresholding obtains pixel threshold, specific steps are as follows:
(1) a V component value is arbitrarily chosen in the color characteristic value set of coffee bean as initial estimate G；
(2) the color characteristic value set of segmentation coffee bean is gone to obtain set G1 and set G2 using initial estimate G, wherein gathering
G1 is made of the pixel greater than initial estimate G, and G2 is made of the pixel less than initial estimate G；
(3) average pixel value of set of computations G1 obtains average pixel value g1；The average pixel value for calculating pixel set G2 obtains
Average pixel value g2；
(4) average value of average pixel value g1 and average pixel value g2 is as calculating threshold value G31=(g1+g2)/2；
(5) threshold value G3 will be calculated1The initial estimate G of step of replacing (2), repeat n-1 time successively progress step (2) ~ (4) obtain
Calculate threshold value G3n, then threshold value G3 will be calculatednThe initial estimate G3 of step of replacing (2)n-1, successively carry out step (2) ~ (4) and obtain
Calculate threshold value G3n+1, work as G3n+1-G3nWhen=0, G3nAs pixel threshold。
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) present invention is equipped with hole on bottom screen net simultaneously in feeder and refining screening portion, has carried out to material more thorough twice
The screening at bottom, wherein for the first time mainly sieving dopant etc., second of screening is mainly residual by broken material etc.
Substandard products are sieved, and by the thoroughly screening twice to material, effectively improve the working efficiency of the system；
(2) present invention uses S type track, enable coffee bean it is single it is single-row pass sequentially through the track, reaching makes material point
The more uniform purpose of cloth, while also being provided convenience for the acquisition of subsequent image with processing；
(3) labour degree is effectively reduced using the image detecting method based on machine vision in classification portion of the invention, detection
As a result accuracy also gets a promotion；
(4) present invention uses pneumatic device to be classified in executing agency part, can generate difference to different material by air-flow
Impact force to sending coffee bean to corresponding material collection case, complete on-line automatic classification, this method structural principle letter
It is single, it is easy to operate, it is pollution-free for the green low consumption energy.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of coffee bean grader；
Fig. 2 is classification portion, air-blowing portion, rewinding portion assembling schematic diagram (main view)；
Fig. 3 is hopper construction schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is vibrated bed main body top view；
Fig. 5 is tracheae rod structure schematic diagram；
Wherein: 1- feeder, 2- refining screening portion, 3- classification portion, 4- air-blowing portion, 5- rewinding portion, 6- electric control box, 7- gas
Pump, 8- rack I, 9- hopper, 10- hopper mounting assembly, 11- vibrating motor I, 12- dopant collector I, 13- bottom plate sieve I,
14- discharge port, the outlet of 15- dopant, 16- rack II, 17- vibrated bed main body, 18- vibrated bed connection component, 19- vibrating motor
II, 20- dopant collector II, 21- bottom plate sieve II, 22-S type curve track, 23- photoelectric sensor device, 24- CCD camera shooting
Machine, 25- microprocessor, 26- seal case, 27- light compensating lamp, 28- cleaner, 29- tracheae column, 30- collecting box I, 31- collecting box
II, 32- collecting box III, 33- collecting box IV, 34- collecting box V.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1: as shown in Fig. 1 ~ 5, a kind of coffee bean grader, including feeder 1, refining screening portion 2, classification portion 3,
Air-blowing portion 4, rewinding portion 5, electric control box 6, air pump 7, feeder 1 are connected to refining screening portion 2,
Feeder 1 includes rack I 8, hopper 9, vibrating motor I 11, dopant collector I 12, and rack I 8 is rectangular frame structure,
9 top of hopper is mounted on I 8 top of rack by hopper mounting assembly 10, and 9 lower part of hopper extends in rack I 8, vibrating motor I
11 are fixed at the side wall of hopper 9, and I 12 level of dopant collector is fixed at the bottom in rack I 8, and hopper 9 goes out
Material mouth 14 is inclined at the side wall of 9 bottom of hopper and the low side of discharge port 14 is connected to refining screening portion 2, the bottom in hopper 9
Portion's angled downward from horizontal is provided with bottom plate sieve I 13, and bottom plate sieve I 13 is located at the top of discharge port 14 and bottom plate sieve I 13
Low side is connected to the high-end of discharge port 14, and the bottom end side wall of hopper 9 offers dopant outlet 15 and dopant outlet 15 and is located at
14 lower section of discharge port；Vibrating motor I 11 drive hopper 9 vibrate, can tentatively by coffee bean impurity and shape quality it is very poor
Coffee bean sifts out；
Refining screening portion 2 includes rack II 16, vibrated bed main body 17, vibrating motor II 19, dopant collector II 20, rack II
16 be rectangular frame structure, and rack II 16 is arranged in by 18 angled downward from horizontal of vibrated bed connection component in vibrated bed main body 17
The low side of top and vibrated bed main body 17 is connected to classification portion 3, and the bottom wall of vibrated bed main body 17 is bottom plate sieve II 21, bottom plate sieve
Several S type curve tracks 22 are fixedly installed along 3 direction of classification portion on net II 21, vibrating motor II 19 is fixed at vibration
The lower end of bed main body 17, II 20 level of dopant collector are fixed at the bottom in rack II 16；S type curve track 22
Width is 1.1 ~ 1.8 times of coffee bean average grain diameter；Vibrating motor II 19 drives vibrated bed main body 17 to realize and vibrates up and down, so that
Coffee bean uniformly moves on switchback railway, while realizing refining effect, dopant and the inferior coffee bean of shape
It is discharged from the sieve of 17 bottom of vibrated bed main body；
Classification portion 3 include photoelectric sensor I 23, photoelectric sensor II, CCD camera 24, microprocessor 25, seal case 26,
Light compensating lamp 27, cleaner 28, photoelectric sensor I 23, photoelectric sensor II are separately positioned on II 21 two sides of bottom plate sieve and photoelectricity
Sensor I 23, photoelectric sensor II are respectively positioned on the end of S type curve track 22, and photoelectric sensor I 23, photoelectric sensor II divide
Not Tong Guo data line connect with microprocessor 25, seal case is fixed at II 16 upper side of rack by support frame, close
The seal case side wall in refining screening portion 2 is inclined transparent glass graded plate, the gradient and coffee of transparent glass graded plate
The gradient that beans leave the whereabouts of S type curve track 22 is identical, and seal case inner wall is fixedly installed several CCD cameras 24,
The corresponding S type curve track 22 of camera lens of the camera lens face transparent glass graded plate and each CCD camera 24 of CCD camera 24
Outlet；Microprocessor 25 is fixed at the bottom of seal case 26, and CCD camera 24 passes through data line and microprocessor
25 connections, light compensating lamp 27 are fixed at the top of seal case 26, the transparent glass graded plate top of seal case 26 and bottom
End is fixedly installed horizontal slide rail, and the both ends of cleaner 28 are slidably installed in transparent glass graded plate top respectively and the level of bottom end is sliding
In rail；The light compensating lamp of the present embodiment is mounted on the upper end of seal box outside wall surface, and light direct projection sorting material carries out light filling effect,
It can effectively avoid the bad problem of the image effect because caused by light source is uneven, it is ensured that CCD camera can collect effect most
Good image information, to carry out subsequent processing；Cleaner is located at one end of color sorting glass plate, on line slideway auxiliary guide rail
Sliding block is connected, meanwhile, linear slider is connected with pneumatic mechanism, and cleaner slides on guide rail in company with sliding block, may be implemented in color
It selects glass pane surface to move left and right, realizes dust, the foreign matter etc. of removal color sorting glass, made to avoid to image information collecting process
At error；
Air-blowing portion 4 include tracheae column 29, solenoid valve, air pump 7, tracheae column 29 by snap ring be fixed at II 16 bottom end of rack and
Several tracheae columns 29 are separately positioned on the underface of S type curve track 22, are evenly arranged with several stomatas on tracheae column 29,
The opening direction of stomata falls that exit direction is consistent with coffee bean in S type curve track 22, tracheae column 29 closed at one end and
The other end is connected to by appendix with air pump 7, solenoid valve is provided on appendix, solenoid valve is connect with microprocessor 25；Micro- place
Manage the flow velocity that device 25 controls air-flow by the opening degree of solenoid valve, i.e., thrust of the controllable air-blowing portion 4 to coffee bean；
Rewinding portion 5 includes collecting box I 30, collecting box II 31, collecting box III 32, collecting box IV 33, collecting box V 34, collecting box I
30, collecting box II 31, collecting box III 32, collecting box IV 33, collecting box V 34 along the blast pass direction of 29 stomata of tracheae column according to
The secondary lower section that seal case 26 is set；
Electric control box 6 is arranged in V 34 side of collecting box, vibrating motor I 11, vibrating motor II 19, microprocessor 25, air pump 7
It is electrically connected by cable with electric control box 6；
Hopper mounting assembly 10 includes nylon plate I, nylon plate II, spring I, bolt I, bolt II, nylon rope I, and nylon plate I is fixed
The top of spring I is set, and nylon plate II is fixed at the bottom end of spring I, and nylon plate I is solid by bolt I and 9 top of hopper
Fixed connection, nylon plate II are connect by bolt II with the top of rack I 8, and 9 top of hopper is fastened in rack I 8 by nylon rope
Top；
Vibrated bed connection component 18 includes nylon plate III, nylon plate IV, spring II, bolt III, bolt IV, nylon rope II, nylon
Disk III is fixed at the top of spring II, and nylon plate IV is fixed at the bottom end of spring II, and nylon plate III passes through bolt II
It is fixedly connected with the bottom end of vibrated bed main body 17, nylon plate IV is connect by bolt II with the top of rack II 16, and nylon rope will
17 bottom end of vibrated bed main body is fastened on the top of rack II 16；
The double stomata of horizontal direction is provided in the middle part of the side wall of tracheae column 29, the axis angle of double stomata and tracheae column is
13°；
The both ends of tracheae column 29 are fixed at II 16 bottom end of rack by snap ring.
Embodiment 2: a kind of coffee bean stage division, coffee bean are green coffee, are classified, are adopted according to coffee bean partial size
It is classified with the coffee bean grader of embodiment 1, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) coffee bean is added in the hopper of feeder, preliminary screening is realized under the vibration of vibrating motor I, it is preliminary to sieve
Dopant pass through the bottom plate sieve I of feed hopper bottom and enter dopant and export, dopant gone out by dopant under the effect of gravity
Mouth is fallen into dopant collector I, and the preliminary coffee bean that sieves stays in I top of bottom plate sieve and in the vibration of vibrating motor I and again
Power effect is lower to be entered in the vibrated bed main body in refining screening portion by the discharge port of hopper；
(2) the primary dcreening operation coffee bean in the vibrated bed main body in refining screening portion realizes accurate screening under the vibration of vibrating motor II,
The dopant accurately sieved passes through the bottom plate sieve II of vibrated bed bottom part body, and dopant falls under gravity into dopant receipts
In storage II, the coffee bean accurately sieved stays in II top of bottom plate sieve and divides under the vibration of vibrating motor II and gravity
Column enter in the S type curve track on II top of bottom plate sieve, and single-row coffee bean is arranged successively shifting in single S type curve track
It is dynamic；
(3) image information of the coffee bean in the CCD camera acquisition S type curve track exit in classification portion, light compensating lamp take the photograph CCD
The coffee bean image process that camera acquires S type curve track exit carries out light filling, and CCD camera is by collected coffee bean figure
As sending microprocessor to, microprocessor carries out binary conversion treatment to coffee bean image and obtains binary conversion treatment image, using most
Small boundary rectangle method obtains coffee bean Fruit width d, and coffee bean is divided into d >=6.5mm, 6.5mm according to coffee bean Fruit width d
Five > d >=6.0mm, 6.0mm > d >=5.5mm, 5.5mm > d >=5.0mm, d < 5.0mm grades；Microprocessor is by coffee bean
Rating information and gravity carry out calculation processing and obtain air-blowing portion tracheae column to the thrust of coffee bean, then by air-blowing portion tracheae column to coffee
The thrust of coffee beans is converted into the opening degree of solenoid valve；
(4) microprocessor controls the opening degree of solenoid valve in air-blowing portion, and the gas in tracheae column will be from coffee bean S type curve track
Where the coffee bean fallen blows into the coffee bean in rewinding portion in the collecting box of rank.
Embodiment 3: a kind of coffee bean stage division, coffee bean are roast coffee beans, according to roast coffee beans color into
Row classification, is classified using the coffee bean grader of embodiment 1, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) coffee bean is added in the hopper of feeder, preliminary screening is realized under the vibration of vibrating motor I, it is preliminary to sieve
Dopant pass through the bottom plate sieve I of feed hopper bottom and enter dopant and export, dopant gone out by dopant under the effect of gravity
Mouth is fallen into dopant collector I, and the preliminary coffee bean that sieves stays in I top of bottom plate sieve and in the vibration of vibrating motor I and again
Power effect is lower to be entered in the vibrated bed main body in refining screening portion by the discharge port of hopper；
(2) the primary dcreening operation coffee bean in the vibrated bed main body in refining screening portion realizes accurate screening under the vibration of vibrating motor II,
The dopant accurately sieved passes through the bottom plate sieve II of vibrated bed bottom part body, and dopant falls under gravity into dopant receipts
In storage II, the coffee bean accurately sieved stays in II top of bottom plate sieve and divides under the vibration of vibrating motor II and gravity
Column enter in the S type curve track on II top of bottom plate sieve, and single-row coffee bean is arranged successively shifting in single S type curve track
It is dynamic；
(3) image information of the coffee bean in the CCD camera acquisition S type curve track exit in classification portion, light compensating lamp take the photograph CCD
The coffee bean image process that camera acquires S type curve track exit carries out light filling, and CCD camera is by collected coffee bean figure
As sending microprocessor to, microprocessor by coffee bean picture construction at RGB color model, then by RGB color mould
Type is converted to HSV model, chooses color characteristic value set of the V component in HSV model as coffee bean；Using basic global threshold
Value method obtains pixel threshold, according to coffee bean pixel thresholdCoffee bean is divided into either shallow and bakes beans> 0.13, moderate are dried
Roasting beans 0.13 >=> 0.05, depth baking beans 0.05 >=Three grades；Microprocessor is by coffee bean rating information and gravity
It carries out calculation processing and obtains air-blowing portion tracheae column to the thrust of coffee bean, then thrust of the air-blowing portion tracheae column to coffee bean is converted
At the opening degree of solenoid valve；
(4) microprocessor controls the opening degree of solenoid valve in air-blowing portion, and the gas in tracheae column will be from coffee bean S type curve track
Where the coffee bean fallen blows into the coffee bean in rewinding portion in the collecting box of rank.
By RGB color model conversation at the method for HSV model, specific steps described in the present embodiment are as follows:
(1) three components of RGB color model are respectively R, G and B, and choosing the maximum value in tri- components of R, G, B is T1,
Choosing the minimum value in tri- components of R, G, B is T2；
(2) RGB color model conversation is at HSV model: H value in HSV model are as follows: as T1=T2, H=0 °；As T1=R and G
When >=B, H=60 ° * (G-B)/(T1-T2)；As T1=R and G < B, H=60 ° * (G-B) /+360 ° of (T1-T2)；As T1=G, H=
60°*(B-R)/(T1-T2)+120°；As T1=B, H=60 ° * (R-G) /+240 ° of (T1-T2)；The value of S are as follows: as T1=0, S
=0;As T1 ≠ 0, S=(T1-T2)/T1；The value of V are as follows: V=T1；
(3) color characteristic value set of the V component as coffee bean in HSV model is chosen.
The method that basic Global thresholding obtains pixel threshold described in the present embodiment, specific steps are as follows:
(1) a V component value is arbitrarily chosen in the color characteristic value set of coffee bean as initial estimate G；
(2) the color characteristic value set of segmentation coffee bean is gone to obtain set G1 and set G2 using initial estimate G, wherein gathering
G1 is made of the pixel greater than initial estimate G, and G2 is made of the pixel less than initial estimate G；
(3) average pixel value of set of computations G1 obtains average pixel value g1；The average pixel value for calculating pixel set G2 obtains
Average pixel value g2；
(4) average value of average pixel value g1 and average pixel value g2 is as calculating threshold value G31=(g1+g2)/2；
(5) threshold value G3 will be calculated1The initial estimate G of step of replacing (2), repeat n-1 time successively progress step (2) ~ (4) obtain
Calculate threshold value G3n, then threshold value G3 will be calculatednThe initial estimate G3 of step of replacing (2)n-1, successively carry out step (2) ~ (4) and obtain
Calculate threshold value G3n+1, work as G3n+1-G3nWhen=0, G3nAs pixel threshold。
Specific embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail above in conjunction with attached drawing, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned realities
Example is applied, it within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art, can also be without departing from the purpose of the present invention
Various changes can be made.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of coffee bean grader, it is characterised in that: including feeder (1), refining screening portion (2), classification portion (3), air-blowing
Portion (4), rewinding portion (5), electric control box (6), air pump (7), feeder (1) are connected to refining screening portion (2),
Feeder (1) includes rack I (8), hopper (9), vibrating motor I (11), dopant collector I (12), and rack I (8) is
Rectangular frame structure, hopper (9) top are mounted on rack I (8) top by hopper mounting assembly (10), and hopper (9) lower part is prolonged
It extends in rack I (8), vibrating motor I (11) is fixed at the side wall of hopper (9), and dopant collector I (12) is horizontal fixed
Bottom in rack I (8) is set, and the discharge port (14) of hopper (9) is inclined at the side wall and discharge port of hopper (9) bottom
(14) low side is connected to refining screening portion (2), and the bottom level in hopper (9), which tilts down, is provided with bottom plate sieve I (13),
Bottom plate sieve I (13) is located at the low side of the top of discharge port (14) and bottom plate sieve I (13) and high-end being connected to of discharge port (14),
The bottom end side wall of hopper (9) offers dopant outlet (15) and dopant outlet (15) and is located at below discharge port (14)；
Refining screening portion (2) includes rack II (16), vibrated bed main body (17), vibrating motor II (19), dopant collector II
(20), rack II (16) is rectangular frame structure, and vibrated bed main body (17) is dipped down by vibrated bed connection component (18) level
Tiltedly setting is on the top of rack II (16) and the low side of vibrated bed main body (17) is connected to classification portion (3), vibrated bed main body (17)
Bottom wall be bottom plate sieve II (21), be fixedly installed several S type curves along classification portion (3) direction on bottom plate sieve II (21)
Track (22), vibrating motor II (19) are fixed at the lower end of vibrated bed main body (17), and dopant collector II (20) is horizontal
It is fixed at the bottom in rack II (16)；The width of S type curve track (22) is the 1.1 ~ 1.8 of coffee bean average grain diameter
Times；
Classification portion (3) includes photoelectric sensor I (23), photoelectric sensor II, CCD camera (24), microprocessor (25), sealing
Cabinet (26), light compensating lamp (27), cleaner (28), photoelectric sensor I (23), photoelectric sensor II are separately positioned on bottom plate sieve
II (21) two sides and photoelectric sensor I (23), photoelectric sensor II are respectively positioned on the end of S type curve track (22), photoelectric sensing
Device I (23), photoelectric sensor II are connect by data line with microprocessor (25) respectively, and seal case is set by support frame fixation
It sets in rack II (16) upper side, the seal case side wall close to refining screening portion (2) is inclined transparent glass graded plate, thoroughly
The gradient of bright glass graded plate is identical as the gradient that coffee bean leaves S type curve track (22) whereabouts, seal case inner wall
It is fixedly installed several CCD cameras (24), the camera lens face transparent glass graded plate and each CCD of CCD camera (24)
The outlet of the corresponding S type curve track (22) of the camera lens of video camera (24)；Microprocessor (25) is fixed at seal case (26)
Bottom, CCD camera (24) connect by data line with microprocessor (25), and light compensating lamp (27) is fixed at sealing
The top of cabinet (26), the transparent glass graded plate top and bottom end of seal case (26) are fixedly installed horizontal slide rail, cleaning
The both ends of device (28) are slidably installed in respectively in the horizontal slide rail of transparent glass graded plate top and bottom end；
Air-blowing portion (4) includes tracheae column (29), solenoid valve, air pump (7), and tracheae column (29) is fixed at rack II (16) bottom end
And several tracheae columns (29) are separately positioned on the underface of S type curve track (22), tracheae column (29) if on be evenly arranged with
A dry stomata, it is consistent that the opening direction of stomata and coffee bean in S type curve track (22) fall exit direction, tracheae column (29)
The closed at one end and other end be connected to air pump (7) by appendix, solenoid valve, solenoid valve and micro process are provided on appendix
Device (25) connection；
Rewinding portion (5) includes collecting box I (30), collecting box II (31), collecting box III (32), collecting box IV (33), collecting box V
(34), collecting box I (30), collecting box II (31), collecting box III (32), collecting box IV (33), collecting box V (34) are along tracheae column
(29) the blast pass direction of stomata is successively set on the lower section of seal case (26)；
Electric control box (6) is arranged in collecting box V (34) side, vibrating motor I (11), vibrating motor II (19), microprocessor
(25), air pump (7) is electrically connected by cable with electric control box (6).
2. coffee bean grader according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: hopper mounting assembly (10) includes nylon plate I, Buddhist nun
Imperial disk II, spring I, bolt I, bolt II, nylon rope I, nylon plate I are fixed at the top of spring I, and the fixation of nylon plate II is set
It sets in the bottom end of spring I, nylon plate I is fixedly connected by bolt I with hopper (9) top, and nylon plate II passes through bolt II and machine
The top of frame I (8) connects, and hopper (9) top is fastened on the top of rack I (8) by nylon rope.
3. coffee bean grader according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: vibrated bed connection component (18) includes nylon plate
III, nylon plate IV, spring II, bolt III, bolt IV, nylon rope II, nylon plate III are fixed at the top of spring II, nylon
Disk IV is fixed at the bottom end of spring II, and nylon plate III is fixedly connected by bolt II with the bottom end of vibrated bed main body (17),
Nylon plate IV is connect by bolt II with the top of rack II (16), and vibrated bed main body (17) bottom end is fastened by nylon rope
The top of rack II (16).
4. coffee bean grader according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: be provided with level in the middle part of the side wall of tracheae column (29)
The axis angle of the double stomata in direction, double stomata and tracheae column is 13 °.
5. coffee bean grader according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the both ends of tracheae column (29) are set by snap ring fixation
It sets in rack II (16) bottom end.
6. a kind of coffee bean stage division, which is characterized in that coffee bean is green coffee, is classified according to coffee bean partial size,
It is classified using coffee bean grader, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) coffee bean is added in the hopper of feeder, preliminary screening is realized under the vibration of vibrating motor I, it is preliminary to sieve
Dopant pass through the bottom plate sieve I of feed hopper bottom and enter dopant and export, dopant gone out by dopant under the effect of gravity
Mouth is fallen into dopant collector I, and the preliminary coffee bean that sieves stays in I top of bottom plate sieve and in the vibration of vibrating motor I and again
Power effect is lower to be entered in the vibrated bed main body in refining screening portion by the discharge port of hopper；
(2) the primary dcreening operation coffee bean in the vibrated bed main body in refining screening portion realizes accurate screening under the vibration of vibrating motor II,
The dopant accurately sieved passes through the bottom plate sieve II of vibrated bed bottom part body, and dopant falls under gravity into dopant receipts
In storage II, the coffee bean accurately sieved stays in II top of bottom plate sieve and divides under the vibration of vibrating motor II and gravity
Column enter in the S type curve track on II top of bottom plate sieve, and single-row coffee bean is arranged successively shifting in single S type curve track
It is dynamic；
(3) coffee bean reaches S type curve track end, and the coffee bean position signal that photoelectric sensor will test passes to micro- place
Device is managed, microprocessor controls the image information of the coffee bean in the CCD camera acquisition S type curve track exit in classification portion, mends
Light lamp carries out light filling to the coffee bean image process in CCD camera acquisition S type curve track exit, and CCD camera will acquire
To coffee bean image send microprocessor to, microprocessor carries out binary conversion treatment to coffee bean image and obtains binary conversion treatment
Image obtains coffee bean Fruit width d using Minimum Enclosing Rectangle method, according to coffee bean Fruit width d by coffee bean be divided into d >=
Five 6.5mm, 6.5mm > d >=6.0mm, 6.0mm > d >=5.5mm, 5.5mm > d >=5.0mm, d < 5.0mm grades；Micro process
Coffee bean rating information and gravity are carried out calculation processing and obtain air-blowing portion tracheae column to the thrust of coffee bean by device, then by air-blowing portion
Tracheae column is converted into the opening degree of solenoid valve to the thrust of coffee bean；
(4) microprocessor controls the opening degree of solenoid valve in air-blowing portion, and the gas in tracheae column will be from coffee bean S type curve track
Where the coffee bean fallen blows into the coffee bean in rewinding portion in the collecting box of rank.
7. a kind of coffee bean stage division, which is characterized in that coffee bean is roast coffee beans, according to roast coffee beans color into
Row classification, is classified using coffee bean grader, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) coffee bean is added in the hopper of feeder, preliminary screening is realized under the vibration of vibrating motor I, it is preliminary to sieve
Dopant pass through the bottom plate sieve I of feed hopper bottom and enter dopant and export, dopant gone out by dopant under the effect of gravity
Mouth is fallen into dopant collector I, and the preliminary coffee bean that sieves stays in I top of bottom plate sieve and in the vibration of vibrating motor I and again
Power effect is lower to be entered in the vibrated bed main body in refining screening portion by the discharge port of hopper；
(2) the primary dcreening operation coffee bean in the vibrated bed main body in refining screening portion realizes accurate screening under the vibration of vibrating motor II,
The dopant accurately sieved passes through the bottom plate sieve II of vibrated bed bottom part body, and dopant falls under gravity into dopant receipts
In storage II, the coffee bean accurately sieved stays in II top of bottom plate sieve and divides under the vibration of vibrating motor II and gravity
Column enter in the S type curve track on II top of bottom plate sieve, and single-row coffee bean is arranged successively shifting in single S type curve track
It is dynamic；
(3) coffee bean reaches S type curve track end, and the coffee bean position signal that photoelectric sensor will test passes to micro- place
Device is managed, microprocessor controls the image information of the coffee bean in the CCD camera acquisition S type curve track exit in classification portion, mends
Light lamp carries out light filling to the coffee bean image process in CCD camera acquisition S type curve track exit, and CCD camera will acquire
To coffee bean image send microprocessor to, microprocessor by coffee bean picture construction at RGB color model, then will
RGB color model conversation chooses color characteristic value set of the V component in HSV model as coffee bean at HSV model；
Pixel threshold is obtained using basic Global thresholding, according to coffee bean pixel thresholdCoffee bean is divided into either shallow and bakes beans
> 0.13, moderate baking beans 0.13 >=> 0.05, depth baking beans 0.05 >=Three grades；Microprocessor divides coffee bean
Grade information and gravity carry out calculation processing and obtain air-blowing portion tracheae column to the thrust of coffee bean, then by air-blowing portion tracheae column to coffee
The thrust of beans is converted into the opening degree of solenoid valve；
(4) microprocessor controls the opening degree of solenoid valve in air-blowing portion, and the gas in tracheae column will be from coffee bean S type curve track
Where the coffee bean fallen blows into the coffee bean in rewinding portion in the collecting box of rank.
8. coffee bean stage division according to claim 7, which is characterized in that by RGB color model conversation at HSV mould
The method of type, specific steps are as follows:
(1) three components of RGB color model are respectively R, G and B, and choosing the maximum value in tri- components of R, G, B is T1,
Choosing the minimum value in tri- components of R, G, B is T2；
(2) RGB color model conversation is at HSV model: H value in HSV model are as follows: as T1=T2, H=0 °；As T1=R and G
When >=B, H=60 ° * (G-B)/(T1-T2)；As T1=R and G < B, H=60 ° * (G-B) /+360 ° of (T1-T2)；As T1=G, H=
60°*(B-R)/(T1-T2)+120°；As T1=B, H=60 ° * (R-G) /+240 ° of (T1-T2)；The value of S are as follows: as T1=0, S
=0;As T1 ≠ 0, S=(T1-T2)/T1；The value of V are as follows: V=T1；
(3) color characteristic value set of the V component as coffee bean in HSV model is chosen.
9. coffee bean stage division according to claim 7, which is characterized in that basic Global thresholding obtains pixel threshold
Method, specific steps are as follows:
(1) a V component value is arbitrarily chosen in the color characteristic value set of coffee bean as initial estimate G；
(2) the color characteristic value set of segmentation coffee bean is gone to obtain set G1 and set G2 using initial estimate G, wherein gathering
G1 is made of the pixel greater than initial estimate G, and G2 is made of the pixel less than initial estimate G；
(3) average pixel value of set of computations G1 obtains average pixel value g1；The average pixel value for calculating pixel set G2 obtains
Average pixel value g2；
(4) average value of average pixel value g1 and average pixel value g2 is as calculating threshold value G31=(g1+g2)/2；
(5) threshold value G3 will be calculated1The initial estimate G of step of replacing (2), repeat n-1 time successively progress step (2) ~ (4) obtain
Calculate threshold value G3n, then threshold value G3 will be calculatednThe initial estimate G3 of step of replacing (2)n-1, successively carry out step (2) ~ (4) and obtain
Calculate threshold value G3n+1, work as G3n+1-G3nWhen=0, G3nAs pixel threshold。
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| WO2023092557A1 (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2023-06-01 | 湖南省宝庆农产品进出口有限公司 | Automatic vibration feeder for dried lily bulbs |
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