CN109255361A - A kind of tidal current energy generating field unit layout method considering infeasible region - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of tidal current energy generating field unit layout method for considering infeasible region, the basic data for 1) obtaining tidal current energy generating field is mainly comprised the steps that.2) the typical change rule that tide flow velocity is extracted using k means clustering method, to obtain the typical curve of tide flow velocity.3) it generates tidal current generating field unit and is laid out initial sample, and obtain the position coordinates of tidal current energy generator in initial sample.4) position coordinates for utilizing tide flow velocity day typical curve and tidal current energy generator, calculate the daily generation of tidal current energy generating field.5) according to tidal current energy generating field day output power, optimize tidal current energy generating field unit allocation plan scheme using particle swarm algorithm.6) judge whether iteration terminates.It the composite can be widely applied to the planning problem of tidal current energy generating field, it can be to provide beneficial reference with the planning and analysis of problem of operation of tidal current energy generating field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Power System Planning field, specifically a kind of tidal current energy generating field machine for considering infeasible region
Group layout method.
Background technique
Since greenhouse effects, haze weather bring environmental pressure and human society are rapidly developed to energy demand not
Disconnected to increase, in recent years, the development of renewable energy power generation technology is very rapid.Wherein, tidal current can generate electricity with power density
Greatly, the advantages that predictive strong, be a kind of environmentally friendly resource, with development potential.It is believed that in the near future, tidal current energy
Power generation will occupy consequence in world's energy system.
Tidal current energy generator is the core equipment that tidal current can be converted to electric energy, its layout is directly related to tide
The number of stream energy generating field output electric energy.Accordingly, it is determined that the layout of tidal current energy generator will be that tidal current can be developed and be faced
Major issue.However, many preset regions cannot install generator or installation fee is used due to the limitation of offshore conditions
Height needs to change programme in tidal current energy generating field unit allocation plan to avoid infeasible region.Practical sea area
In, these infeasible regions are roughly divided into two classes:
1) geology is infeasible.Due to geology is soft or hard etc., which is difficult to install generator.
2) sea bed rises and falls.When sea bed fluctuating is excessive, which is difficult to install tidal current power generator or mounting cost is excessively high.
Secondly, there are certain accelerations to tide flow velocity when tide flows through undulating region, the function of tidal current energy generating field is influenced
Rate output.
In terms of tidal current energy generating field unit layout optimization, method disclosed in the prior art is: with hair in a period of time
The generated energy of electric field is up to target, firstly, the placement scheme of population particle characterization unit is randomly generated.Secondly, for each
A placement scheme considers the wake effect between unit, calculates the generated energy of tidal current energy generating field.Then, each is calculated
The fitness value of placement scheme updates placement scheme according to particle swarm algorithm, again calculating target function.Finally, before and after relatively
Target function value twice, it is identical, stop iterating to calculate, otherwise continues to iterate to calculate.However these methods are both for ideal sea
What domain carried out, it not can be used directly in the tidal current energy generating field unit allocation plan for considering infeasible region.This method
The disadvantage is that: have ignored influence of the infeasible region to tide flow velocity, it is difficult to which sufficiently excavating tidal current can generate electricity potentiality, improve
The fund utilization rate of tidal current energy generating field.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim to address problems of the prior art.
To realize the present invention purpose and the technical solution adopted is that such, a kind of tidal current energy considering infeasible region
Generating field unit layout method, mainly comprises the steps that
1) basic data of tidal current energy generating field is obtained.
Further, the basic data of the tidal current energy generating field specifically includes that
Tide flow velocity measured data sample v of the tidal current energy generating field in 24 daily periods in T daysqt.Q is day number sequence
Number.T is period serial number.T=1,2 ... 24.
The incision flow velocity V of tidal current energy generatorin, nominal flow rate Vrated, cut out flow velocity Vout, rated output power
Prated, capacitation coefficient Cp, thrust coefficient CT, blade diameter D, blade radius r0The area A inswept with blade.
Density of sea water ρ and turbulivity I0。
The planning area of tidal current energy generating field and tidal current energy generator quantity Nt。
2) the typical change rule that tide flow velocity is extracted using k means clustering method, to obtain the typical case of tide flow velocity
Curve.
Further, obtain tide flow velocity day typical curve key step it is as follows:
2.1) H day data is randomly selected as initial cluster center, cluster centre from tide flow velocity measured data sample
It is expressed as Ce=[ce1, ce2..., ceT], wherein e=1,2 ..., ξ.ξ is clusters number.
2.2) the flow speed data sample of every day is successively calculated to the distance of each class cluster centre:
The q days day flow speed data sample to e-th of cluster centre distance deqIt is as follows:
In formula, vqtFor the tide flow velocity of the q days t moments.cetIndicate t-th of element of e class cluster centre Ce.E=
1,2 ..., ξ.Q is number of days serial number.Q=1,2 ..., T.T is the day sample number of tide flow velocity measured data.T is period serial number.t
=1,2 ... 24.ξ is clusters number.
2.3) according to the flow speed data sample of every day to the distance of each class cluster centre, day flow speed data sample is returned
Belong to sample in nearest classification.
According to cluster result, the day flow velocity number of samples n in data of all categories is countede。
After flow speed data sample reclassifies completion, cluster centre of all categories is updated.
T-th of element c of updated e class cluster centre Cee tIt is as follows:
In formula, vqtFor the data of e classification, the tide flow speed data of such the q days t-th period is indicated.neTo be subordinate to
In the number of samples of e class cluster centre.E=1,2 ..., ξ.Q is number of days serial number.Q=1,2 ..., T.T is the actual measurement of tide flow velocity
The day sample number of data.T is period serial number.T=1,2 ... 24.ξ is clusters number.
2.4) it repeats step 2.2 and step 2.3, the cluster centre Ce until recycling generation twice is no longer changed.
The cluster centre finally obtained is the day typical curve of tide flow velocity.The day typical curve of tide flow velocity characterizes tide
The diurnal variation law of nighttide flow velocity.
Statistics is under the jurisdiction of the tidal day flow velocity number of samples of each classification, and is flowed according to the tidal day for being under the jurisdiction of each classification
Fast number of samples calculates the probability that the day typical curve of every a kind of tidal current speed occurs.The day typical curve of e class tide flow velocity
The probability of generation is as follows:
In formula, neIndicate the number of samples for being under the jurisdiction of e class cluster centre.N is the day sample of tide flow velocity measured data
Number.E=1,2 ..., ξ.ξ is clusters number.
3) it generates tidal current generating field unit and is laid out initial sample, and obtain the position of tidal current energy generator in initial sample
Set coordinate.
Further, generate tidal current generating field unit be laid out initial sample key step it is as follows:
3.1) maximum number of iterations of population, iteration count m=1 are initialized
3.2) computer random generates NpA initial individuals, the length of each initial individuals are 2Nt。 NpA initial individuals structure
At real number matrix Z.NpA initial individuals indicate NpThe different tidal current energy generating field unit placement scheme of kind.
Wherein, the position coordinates of i-th generator are expressed as in kth kind tidal current energy generating field unit placement scheme
(GK, 2i.1, GK, 2i).I=1,2 ... Nt.K=1,2 ..., Np。NpIt is initial individuals number.NtFor generator number.
3.3) judge whether i-th generator is located at submarine relief in kth kind tidal current energy generating field unit placement scheme
In infeasible region or geology infeasible region, if being located in submarine relief infeasible region or geology infeasible region, weigh
Position coordinates (the G of newly-generated i-th generatorK, 2i.1, GK, 2i), until i-th generator is located at submarine relief infeasible region
Until outside geology infeasible region.
Geology infeasible region is indicated in the method for polygonal segments.The apex coordinate of geology infeasible region is Jχ.χ=
1,2 ... Nin.Wherein NinFor polygon vertex number.
Tidal current energy generating field submarine relief infeasible region bottom surface is ellipse, the cross section of submarine relief infeasible region
For cos type curve.
3.4) the distance Z in each initial individuals between any two generator is solved, and judges whether distance Z is greater than minimum peace
Full distance 5D.D is tidal current power generator diameter.
If Z > 5D, remember that the initial individuals are that tidal current energy generating field unit is laid out initial sample.
If Z≤5D, initial individuals, and return step 3.3 are regenerated.
4) position coordinates for utilizing tide flow velocity day typical curve and tidal current energy generator, calculate tidal current energy generating field
Daily generation.
Further, the key step for calculating tidal current energy generating field daily generation is as follows:
4.1) it is based on e kind typical flow, calculates the flow velocity of generator in day part tidal current energy generating field, key step
It is as follows:
4.1.1) setting tide flow velocity is flowed along positive direction of the x-axis, and the size based on generator abscissa, to k-th of side
N in casetPlatform generator is ranked up.
After sequence, the flow velocity v of the 1st generator in k-th of schemek 1tIt is as follows:
In formula, ce tIt is t-th of element of updated e class cluster centre Ce.K=1,2 ... Np.T=1,2 ... 24.e
=1,2 ..., ξ.NpFor individual amount.ξ indicates clusters number.
4.1.2 it) calculates in k-th of scheme, in addition to the 1st generator, each generator is individually by the power generation tail of upstream i-th
Flow velocity under the influence of stream.If distance is less than distance between target generator and direction of rising between generator and direction of rising,
The generator is upstream generator.Upstream generator wake effect target generator.
In kth kind scheme, jth platform generator is in the t period individually by the flow velocity u of the generator wake effect of upstream i-thk ijt
It is as follows:
In formula, mtFor the mean value of t period tide flow velocity.K=1,2 ... Np。NpFor initial individuals number.I=1,2 ..., Nt。
NtFor generator number.T is period serial number.T=1,2 ..., 24.I is the number of upstream generator.CTIt can generate electricity for tidal current
The thrust coefficient of machine.r0For tidal current energy generator blade radius.R(ξij) be the generator of upstream i-th wake flow radius.
The wake flow radius R (ξ of the generator of upstream i-thij) it is as follows:
In formula, r0For tidal current energy generator blade radius.I0For turbulivity.ξijFor i-th generator and jth platform
The actual range of generator.
4.1.3 the acceleration effect that sea-floor relief rises and falls) is calculated.
Establish the model of tidal current energy generating field submarine relief landform.
In submarine relief infeasible region, make a plumb cut by observation point A along given flow rate.Observation point A
For i-th generator position.
Maximum height h ' corresponding bottom surface subpoint is denoted as O ' point on the plumb cut.The plumb cut becomes a mandarin
Subpoint on face highly for h '/2 is denoted as L point.
O point is subpoint corresponding to maximum height h.It crosses O point and does section along flow velocity direction and vertical flow velocity direction.B
Point is the subpoint of respective heights h/2 on vertical flow velocity section. L0For the throwing that respective heights are h/2 along the section of flow velocity direction
Shadow point.
Xx is the distance between observation point A and O '.L is O ' at a distance from L point.Length parameter b is between O point and B point
Distance.Length parameter l0For O point and L0The distance between point.
Calculate global parameter Δ Smax.The global parameter Δ SmaxBe reflected under the conditions of the flow velocity direction generate it is maximum plus
Speed ratio.Global parameter Δ SmaxIt is as follows:
In formula, Y is corresponding acceleration parameter.L is the distance of O ' and L point.l0For O point and L0The distance between point.
Calculate the acceleration effect Δ S (xx) of tide flow velocity.The acceleration effect Δ S (xx) of tide flow velocity is as follows:
In formula, α and p are corresponding acceleration parameter.Xx is the distance between observation point A and O '.L be O ' with L point away from
From.
Tidal current energy generating field infeasible region is calculated to the acceleration effect Ft of flow velocityi.Tidal current energy generating field is infeasible
The acceleration effect Ft of zone convection speediIt is as follows:
Fti=1+ Δ S (xx) (9)
In formula, Δ S (xx) is the acceleration effect of tide flow velocity.
4.1.4) calculating the tidal current under more wake effects can generate electricity the flow velocity that becomes a mandarin of field generator.
The tidal current speed under more wake effects is calculated, that is, calculates the flow velocity of each generator in addition to the 1st.Exemplary flow in e
Under speed, the actual flow velocity u of the jth platform generator of kth kind scheme in t momentk jetIt is as follows:
In formula, uk ijtIt indicates in kth kind scheme, jth platform generator is in t moment individually by the generator wake flow of upstream i-th
The flow velocity of influence.ce tIt is t-th of element of updated e class cluster centre Ce.Nk wiIt is on kth kind scheme jth platform generator
The unit quantity of trip.FtiFor the tide acceleration effect of i-th generator.K=1,2 ... Np.I, j=1,2 ... Nt.E=1,
2 ..., ξ.NpFor individual amount.NtFor generator number.ξ is clusters number.
4.2) output power of tidal current energy generator is calculated.
According to the actual flow velocity of each generator, the output power of each generator is calculated.
In e under typical flow, output power p of k-th of individual jth platform tidal current energy generator in t momentk jetSuch as
Shown in lower:
In formula, vk jetFor under typical flow in e, the reality of the jth platform tidal current energy generator of k-th of individual in t moment
Border flow velocity.K=1,2 ... Np.J=1,2 ... Nt.T=1,2 ... 24.E=1,2 ..., ξ.NpIt is individual amount.NtFor kth kind scheme
Generator number.ξ is clusters number.CpFor the capacitation coefficient of tidal current energy generator.ρ is density of sea water.A is that tidal current can be sent out
The area that motor blade is inswept.VinIt is the incision flow velocity of tidal current energy generator. VratedIt is the specified of tidal current energy generator
Flow velocity.VoutIt is that tidal current energy generator cuts out flow velocity.PratedIt is the rated output power of tidal current energy generator.
4.3) daily generation of tidal current energy generating field is calculated
According to the output power of each generator, the output power P of tidal current energy generating field is calculatedt k.Kth kind scheme is in t
The output power P at quartert kIt is as follows:
In formula, pk jetFor under e kind typical flow, the output power of the jth platform generator of kth kind scheme at the t moment.pe
For the probability of e kind typical flow, k=1,2 ... Np, j=1,2 ... Nt, e=1,2 ..., ξ.NpFor individual amount；NtFor kth
Generator number in kind scheme.ξ indicates clusters number.
Calculate the daily generation of tidal current energy generating field.The daily generation E in kth kind scheme tide flow fieldkIt is as follows:
In formula, Pt kFor kth kind scheme t moment output power.T is period serial number.T=1,2 ..., 24.
5) according to tidal current energy generating field day output power, optimize tidal current energy generating field unit cloth using particle swarm algorithm
Office's programme.
Further, the key step optimized using particle swarm algorithm to tidal current energy generating field unit placement scheme is such as
Under:
5.1) optimization aim of each placement scheme is calculated.The optimization aim is tidal current energy generating field maximum work output
Rate.
As kth kind scheme tidal current energy generating field daily generation FkEqual to the daily generation E in kth kind scheme tide flow fieldk
When, tidal current energy generating field output power reaches maximum, it may be assumed that
Fk=Ek (14)
In formula, FkFor kth kind scheme tidal current energy generating field daily generation.EkTo generate electricity the day in kth kind scheme tide flow field
Amount.K=1,2 ... Np。NpIt is individual amount.
5.2) the fitness value fitness of each placement scheme is calculated.
The fitness value fitness of kth kind placement schemekIt is as follows:
In formula, k=1,2 ..., Np。NpFor individual amount.FkFor kth kind scheme tidal current energy generating field daily generation.
6) judge whether iteration terminates.Judgment method is mainly as follows:
Whether judgement currently reaches maximum number of iterations.
If so, optimal tide flow field programme is the smallest individual of optimization aim in step 5.
If it is not, the number of iterations m+1, according to 2 Population Regeneration of formula 1 and formula, to generate new scheme, and return step
4。
N-th dimension component vv of the m+1 times iteration particle β flight velocity vectorβn m+1It is as follows:
In formula, vvβn mFor the n-th dimension component of the m times iteration particle β flight velocity vector.xβn mFor the m times iteration particle β
N-th dimension component of flight velocity vector.Pbest is the desired positions of the β particle experience.Gbest is the best of group's experience
Position.W is inertia weight. c1And c2It is Studying factors.rand1And rand2It is the equally distributed puppet in [0,1] section
Random number.
N-th dimension component x of the m+1 times iteration particle β position vectorβn m+1It is as follows:
In formula, vvβn m+1For the n-th dimension component of the m+1 times iteration particle β flight velocity vector. xβn mFor the m times iteration grain
N-th dimension component of sub- β flight velocity vector.
The solution have the advantages that unquestionable.The method of the present invention proposes a kind of tidal current energy that consideration reef influences
Generating field coordinated planning method, this method not only allow for the influence that infeasible region installs generator and cable, it is also contemplated that
Influence of the infeasible region to tide flow velocity.
The tidal current energy generating field programme obtained based on the present invention being capable of reasonably avoiding infeasible region, sufficiently excavation
Tidal current can generate electricity potentiality, improve the fund utilization rate of tidal current energy generating field
It the composite can be widely applied to the planning problem of tidal current energy generating field, can be the rule with tidal current energy generating field
It draws and analysis of problem of operation provides beneficial reference.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is submarine relief model schematic；
Fig. 2 is method program flow diagram；
Fig. 3 is the unit optimal location schematic diagram that the method for the present invention is directed to China X local tide stream energy generating field field.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described, but should not be construed the above-mentioned subject area of the present invention only
It is limited to following embodiments.Without departing from the idea case in the present invention described above, according to ordinary skill knowledge and used
With means, various replacements and change are made, should all include within the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, a kind of tidal current energy generating field unit layout method considering infeasible region mainly includes
Following steps:
1) basic data of tidal current energy generating field is obtained.Infeasible region mainly include submarine relief infeasible region and
Geology infeasible region.Square frame is geology infeasible region in Fig. 3, and ellipse is fluctuating infeasible region, and * indicates marine
Substation, dot indicate the position of generator.
Further, the basic data of the tidal current energy generating field specifically includes that
Tide flow velocity measured data sample v of the tidal current energy generating field in 24 daily periods in T daysqt.Q is day number sequence
Number.T is period serial number.T=1,2 ... 24.
The incision flow velocity V of tidal current energy generatorin, nominal flow rate Vrated, cut out flow velocity Vout, rated output power
Prated, capacitation coefficient Cp, thrust coefficient CT, blade diameter D, blade radius r0The area A inswept with blade.
Density of sea water ρ and turbulivity I0。
The planning area of tidal current energy generating field and tidal current energy generator quantity Nt。
2) the typical change rule that tide flow velocity is extracted using k means clustering method, to obtain the typical case of tide flow velocity
Curve.
Further, obtain tide flow velocity day typical curve key step it is as follows:
2.1) H day data is randomly selected as initial cluster center, cluster centre from tide flow velocity measured data sample
It is expressed as Ce=[ce1, ce2..., ceT], wherein e=1,2 ..., ξ.ξ is clusters number.
2.2) the flow speed data sample of every day is successively calculated to the distance of each class cluster centre:
The q days day flow speed data sample to e-th of cluster centre distance deqIt is as follows:
In formula, vqtFor the tide flow velocity of the q days t moments.cetIndicate t-th of element of e class cluster centre Ce.E=
1,2 ..., ξ.Q is number of days serial number.Q=1,2 ..., T.T is the day sample number of tide flow velocity measured data.T is period serial number.t
=1,2 ... 24.ξ is clusters number.
2.3) according to the flow speed data sample of every day to the distance of each class cluster centre, day flow speed data sample is returned
Belong to sample in nearest classification.
According to cluster result, the day flow velocity number of samples n in data of all categories is countede。
After flow speed data sample reclassifies completion, cluster centre of all categories is updated.
T-th of element c of updated e class cluster centre Cee tIt is as follows:
In formula, vqtFor the data of e classification, the tide flow speed data of such the q days t-th period is indicated.neTo be subordinate to
In the number of samples of e class cluster centre.E=1,2 ..., ξ.Q is number of days serial number.Q=1,2 ..., T.T is the actual measurement of tide flow velocity
The day sample number of data.T is period serial number.T=1,2 ... 24.ξ is clusters number.
2.4) it repeats step 2.2 and step 2.3, the cluster centre Ce until recycling generation twice is no longer changed.
The cluster centre finally obtained is the day typical curve of tide flow velocity.The day typical curve of tide flow velocity characterizes tide
The diurnal variation law of nighttide flow velocity.
Statistics is under the jurisdiction of the tidal day flow velocity number of samples of each classification, and is flowed according to the tidal day for being under the jurisdiction of each classification
Fast number of samples calculates the probability that the day typical curve of every a kind of tidal current speed occurs.The day typical curve of e class tide flow velocity
The probability of generation is as follows:
In formula, neIndicate the number of samples for being under the jurisdiction of e class cluster centre.N is the day sample of tide flow velocity measured data
Number.E=1,2 ..., ξ.ξ is clusters number.
3) it generates tidal current generating field unit and is laid out initial sample, and obtain the position of tidal current energy generator in initial sample
Set coordinate.
Further, generate tidal current generating field unit be laid out initial sample key step it is as follows:
3.1) maximum number of iterations of population, iteration count m=1 are initialized
3.2) computer random generates NpA initial individuals, the length of each initial individuals are 2Nt。 NpA initial individuals structure
At real number matrix Z.NpA initial individuals indicate NpThe different tidal current energy generating field unit placement scheme of kind.
Wherein, the position coordinates of i-th generator are expressed as in kth kind tidal current energy generating field unit placement scheme
(GK, 2i.1, GK, 2i).I=1,2 ... Nt.K=1,2 ..., Np。NpIt is initial individuals number.NtFor generator number.
3.3) judge whether i-th generator is located at submarine relief in kth kind tidal current energy generating field unit placement scheme
In infeasible region or geology infeasible region, if being located in submarine relief infeasible region or geology infeasible region, weigh
Position coordinates (the G of newly-generated i-th generatorK, 2i.1, GK, 2i), until i-th generator is located at the infeasible area of submarine relief
Until domain and geology infeasible region are outer.
Geology infeasible region is indicated in the method for polygonal segments.The apex coordinate of geology infeasible region is Jχ.χ=
1,2 ... Nin.Wherein NinFor polygon vertex number.
3.4) the distance Z in each initial individuals between any two generator is solved, and judges whether distance Z is greater than minimum
Safe distance 5D.D is tidal current power generator diameter.
If Z > 5D, remember that the initial individuals are that tidal current energy generating field unit is laid out initial sample.
If Z≤5D, initial individuals, and return step 3.3 are regenerated.
4) position coordinates for utilizing tide flow velocity day typical curve and tidal current energy generator, calculate tidal current energy generating field
Daily generation.
Further, the key step for calculating tidal current energy generating field daily generation is as follows:
4.1) it is based on e kind typical flow, calculates the flow velocity of generator in day part tidal current energy generating field, key step
It is as follows:
4.1.1) setting tide flow velocity is flowed along positive direction of the x-axis, and the size based on generator abscissa, to k-th of side
N in casetPlatform generator is ranked up.
After sequence, the flow velocity v of the 1st generator in k-th of schemek 1tIt is as follows:
In formula, ce tIt is t-th of element of updated e class cluster centre Ce.K=1,2 ... Np.T=1,2 ... 24.e
=1,2 ..., ξ.NpFor individual amount.ξ is clusters number.
4.1.2 it) calculates in k-th of scheme, in addition to the 1st generator, each generator is individually by the power generation tail of upstream i-th
Flow velocity under the influence of stream.If distance is less than distance between target generator and direction of rising between generator and direction of rising,
The generator is upstream generator.Upstream generator wake effect target generator.
In kth kind scheme, jth platform generator is in the t period individually by the flow velocity u of the generator wake effect of upstream i-thk ijt
It is as follows:
In formula, mtFor the mean value of t period tide flow velocity.K=1,2 ... Np。NpFor initial individuals number.I=1,2 ..., Nt。
NtFor generator number.T is period serial number.T=1,2 ..., 24.I is the number of upstream generator.CTIt can generate electricity for tidal current
The thrust coefficient of machine.r0For tidal current energy generator blade radius.R(ξij) be the generator of upstream i-th wake flow radius.
The wake flow radius R (ξ of the generator of upstream i-thij) it is as follows:
In formula, r0For tidal current energy generator blade radius.I0For turbulivity.ξijFor i-th generator and jth platform
The actual range of generator.
4.1.3 the acceleration effect that sea-floor relief rises and falls) is calculated.
Establish the model of tidal current energy generating field submarine relief landform.
Tidal current energy generating field submarine relief infeasible region bottom surface is ellipse, and submarine relief infeasible region cross section is
Cos type curve.
Make a plumb cut by observation point A along given flow rate.Observation point A is i-th generator position.
Maximum height h ' corresponding bottom surface subpoint is denoted as O ' point on the section.The section enters height on stream interface
L point is denoted as the subpoint of h '/2.
O point is subpoint corresponding to maximum height h.It crosses O point and does section along flow velocity direction and vertical flow velocity direction.B
Point is the subpoint of respective heights h/2 on vertical flow velocity section. L0For the throwing that respective heights are h/2 along the section of flow velocity direction
Shadow point.
Xx is the distance between observation point A and O '.L is O ' at a distance from L point.Length parameter b is between O point and B point
Distance.Length parameter l0For O point and L0The distance between point.
Calculate global parameter Δ Smax.The global parameter Δ SmaxBe reflected under the conditions of the flow velocity direction generate it is maximum plus
Speed ratio.Global parameter Δ SmaxIt is as follows:
In formula, Y is corresponding acceleration parameter.L is the distance of O ' and L point.l0For O point and L0The distance between point.
Calculate the acceleration effect Δ S (xx) of tide flow velocity.The acceleration effect Δ S (xx) of tide flow velocity is as follows:
In formula, α and p are corresponding acceleration parameter.Xx is the distance between observation point A and O '.L be O ' with L point away from
From.
Tidal current energy generating field infeasible region is calculated to the acceleration effect Ft of flow velocityi.Tidal current energy generating field is infeasible
The acceleration effect Ft of zone convection speediIt is as follows:
Fti=1+ Δ S (xx) (9)
In formula, Δ S (xx) is the acceleration effect of tide flow velocity.
4.1.4) calculating the tidal current under more wake effects can generate electricity the flow velocity that becomes a mandarin of field generator.
The tidal current speed under more wake effects is calculated, that is, calculates the flow velocity of each generator in addition to the 1st.Exemplary flow in e
Under speed, the actual flow velocity u of the jth platform generator of kth kind scheme in t momentk jetIt is as follows:
In formula, uk ijtIt indicates in kth kind scheme, jth platform generator is in t moment individually by the generator wake flow of upstream i-th
The flow velocity of influence.ce tIt is t-th of element of updated e class cluster centre Ce.Nk wiIt is on kth kind scheme jth platform generator
The unit quantity of trip.FtiFor the tide acceleration effect of i-th generator.K=1,2 ... Np.I, j=1,2 ... Nt.E=1,
2 ..., ξ.NpFor individual amount.NtFor generator number.ξ indicates clusters number.
4.2) output power of tidal current energy generator is calculated.
According to the actual flow velocity of each generator, the output power of each generator is calculated.
In e under typical flow, output power p of k-th of individual jth platform tidal current energy generator in t momentk jetSuch as
Shown in lower:
In formula, vk jetFor under typical flow in e, the reality of the jth platform tidal current energy generator of k-th of individual in t moment
Border flow velocity.K=1,2 ... Np.J=1,2 ... Nt.T=1,2 ... 24.E=1,2 ..., ξ.NpIt is individual amount.NtFor kth kind side
Case generator number.ξ is clusters number.CpFor the capacitation coefficient of tidal current energy generator.ρ is density of sea water.A is tidal current energy
The area that generator blade is inswept.VinIt is the incision flow velocity of tidal current energy generator. VratedIt is the volume of tidal current energy generator
Constant current speed.VoutIt is that tidal current energy generator cuts out flow velocity.PratedIt is the rated output power of tidal current energy generator.
4.3) daily generation of tidal current energy generating field is calculated
According to the output power of each generator, the output power P of tidal current energy generating field is calculatedt k.Kth kind scheme is in t
The output power P at quartert kIt is as follows:
In formula, pk jetFor under e kind typical flow, the output power of the jth platform generator of kth kind scheme at the t moment.pe
For the probability of e kind typical flow, k=1,2 ... Np, j=1,2 ... Nt, e=1,2 ..., ξ.NpIt is individual amount；NtFor kth
Generator number in kind scheme.ξ is clusters number.
Calculate the daily generation of tidal current energy generating field.The daily generation E in kth kind scheme tide flow fieldkIt is as follows:
In formula, Pt kFor kth kind scheme t moment output power.T is period serial number.T=1,2 ..., 24.
5) according to tidal current energy generating field day output power, optimize tidal current energy generating field unit cloth using particle swarm algorithm
Office's programme.
Further, the key step optimized using particle swarm algorithm to tidal current energy generating field unit placement scheme is such as
Under:
5.1) optimization aim of each placement scheme is calculated.The optimization aim is tidal current energy generating field maximum work output
Rate.
As kth kind scheme tidal current energy generating field daily generation FkEqual to the daily generation E in kth kind scheme tide flow fieldk
When, tidal current energy generating field output power reaches maximum, it may be assumed that
Fk=Ek (14)
In formula, FkFor kth kind scheme tidal current energy generating field daily generation.EkTo generate electricity the day in kth kind scheme tide flow field
Amount.K=1,2 ... Np。NpIt is individual amount.
5.2) the fitness value fitness of each placement scheme is calculated.
The fitness value fitness of kth kind placement schemekIt is as follows:
In formula, k=1,2 ..., Np。NpFor individual amount.FkFor kth kind scheme tidal current energy generating field daily generation.
6) judge whether iteration terminates.Judgment method is mainly as follows:
Whether judgement currently reaches maximum number of iterations.
If so, optimal tide flow field programme is the smallest individual of optimization aim in step 5.
If it is not, the number of iterations m+1, according to 2 Population Regeneration of formula 1 and formula, to generate new scheme, and return step 4.
N-th dimension component vv of the m+1 times iteration particle β flight velocity vectorβn m+1It is as follows:
In formula, vvβn mFor the n-th dimension component of the m times iteration particle β flight velocity vector.xβn mFor the m times iteration particle β
N-th dimension component of flight velocity vector.Pbest is the desired positions of the β particle experience.Gbest is the best of group's experience
Position.W is inertia weight. c1And c2It is Studying factors.rand1And rand2It is the equally distributed puppet in [0,1] section
Random number.
N-th dimension component x of the m+1 times iteration particle β position vectorβn m+1It is as follows:
In formula, vvβn m+1For the n-th dimension component of the m+1 times iteration particle β flight velocity vector. xβn mFor the m times iteration grain
N-th dimension component of sub- β flight velocity vector.
Embodiment 2:
By taking a tidal current energy generating field is built in China's Coastal Areas surrounding waters as an example.Examine the tidal current of infeasible region
Specific step is as follows for energy generating field unit method of allocation plan:
1) basic data is inputted
Input the tide flow velocity measured data sample v of tidal current energy generating field 10 years daily 24 periodsqt, tide flow velocity
Q days measured data samples are expressed as Vq=[vq1,vq2,...,vq24], q=1,2 ... n.T=1,2 ... 24, n=3656.Input
The incision flow velocity V of tidal current energy generatorin=0.7m/s, nominal flow rate Vrated=3m/s cuts out flow velocity Vout=3.5m/s,
Rated output power Prated=1.2MW, capacitation coefficient CP=0.45, thrust coefficient CT=0.7, blade diameter D=18m, blade
Radius r0=9m, the area A=254.34m that blade is inswept2, density of sea water ρ=1025kg/m3, turbulivity I0=0.07.It is defeated
The planning area for entering tidal current energy generating field is 900m × 560m, generator quantity Nt=40.
Geology infeasible region is indicated using the method for polygonal segments in tidal current energy generating field, is simplified in the present embodiment
Processing indicates infeasible region using square, and wherein apex coordinate is [700 200；800 200；800 300；700 300；
700 200].The bottom surface of fluctuating infeasible region is ellipse, and cross section is cos type curve, as shown in Fig. 1, is obtained elliptical
Long axis l1=200, short axle l2=100 and infeasible region maximum height h=20.
2) curves of daily mean value of tilt of tide flow velocity is calculated
The typical change rule that tide flow velocity is extracted using k means clustering method, obtains the day typical curve of tide flow velocity,
Specific steps are as follows:
2.1) 2 day datas are randomly selected as initial cluster center, cluster centre from tide flow velocity measured data sample
It is expressed as Ce=[ce1, ce2..., ceT], wherein e=1 or 2.
2.2) the flow speed data sample of every day is successively calculated to the distance of each class cluster centre.
2.3) it is clustered according to the distance of each day data sample to all kinds of cluster centres, day flow speed data sample is returned
Belong to it in nearest classification.According to cluster result, the day flow velocity number of samples in Various types of data is counted, n is usedeTable
Show.After flow speed data sample reclassifies completion, cluster centre of all categories is updated.
2.4) calculating of step 2.2 and 2.3 is repeated, the cluster centre Ce until recycling generation twice is no longer changed.
The cluster centre finally obtained is exactly the day typical curve of tide flow velocity, characterizes the diurnal variation law of tide flow velocity.
At the same time, statistics is under the jurisdiction of the tidal day flow velocity number of samples of each classification, and the day for calculating every a kind of tidal current speed is typical bent
The probability that line occurs, calculation formula are as follows:
Calculated result: C1=[2.18 2.09 1.59 1.22 1.23 1.67 2.19 2.16 1.71 1.22 1.17
1.56 2.09 2.21 1.84 1.32 1.16 1.45 2.07 2.24 1.94 1.35 1.13 1.37], p1=
0.5651。
C2=[1.15 1.39 2.17 2.68 2.58 1.91 1.24 1.35 2.01 2.61 2.54 1.94 1.27
1.23 1.83 2.54 2.66 2.20 1.39 1.25 1.71 2.43 2.59 2.19], p2=0.4349.
3) it generates tidal current generating field unit and is laid out initial sample.
3.1) maximum number of iterations of population, iteration count m=1 are initialized.
3.2) computer random generates 100 initial individuals and speed, and the length of each individual is 80, constitutes real number matrix
Z, wherein the position coordinates of kth kind i-th generator of scheme are expressed as (GK, 2i.1, GK, 2i), i=1,2 ... Nt, k=1,2 ...,
Np, Np=100 be individual amount, Nt=40 be generator number, judges whether i-th generator is located in infeasible region, if
In infeasible region, the position coordinates of i-th generator are regenerated.
The distance in each individual between any two generator is solved, and judges whether the distance is greater than minimum safe distance
5D, wherein D=18m is tidal current power generator diameter.If not satisfied, the individual is regenerated, until meeting minimum safe distance
It is required that.
4) daily generation of tidal current energy generating field is calculated.
The tide flow velocity day typical curve and obtained position of tidal current energy generator of step 3 being calculated using step 2
Coordinate is set, tidal current energy generating field daily generation is calculated.Calculate step are as follows:
4.1) it is based on e kind typical flow, calculates the flow velocity of generator in day part tidal current energy generating field.
4.1.1) assume that tide flow velocity is flowed along positive direction of the x-axis, based on the size of generator abscissa, to k-th of scheme
In 40 generators be ranked up.
After sequence, the flow velocity of the 1st generator in k-th of scheme:
In formula, vk 1tIndicate the 1st flow velocity of the generator in t moment, c in k-th of schemee tIt is updated e class cluster
T-th of element of center Ce, k=1,2 ... Np, t=1,2 ... 24, e=1 or 2, Np=100 be individual amount.
4.1.2 it) calculates in k-th of scheme, in addition to the 1st generator, each generator is individually by the power generation tail of upstream i-th
Flow velocity under the influence of stream:
4.1.3 the acceleration effect that sea-floor relief rises and falls) is calculated
The model of tidal current energy generating field submarine relief landform is established, which is ellipse, and cross section is
Cos type curve, as shown in Fig. 1.Make a plumb cut, maximum height on the section by observation point A along given flow rate
H ' corresponding bottom surface subpoint is O ' point, and entering highly be the subpoints of h '/2 on stream interface is L point.O point is maximum height h institute
Corresponding subpoint crosses O point and does the section along flow velocity direction and vertical flow velocity direction, and B point is corresponding high on vertical flow velocity section
Spend the subpoint of h/2, L0For the subpoint that respective heights are h/2 along the section of flow velocity direction.Wherein, xx indicates observation point A (the
The distance between i platform generator position) and O ', l expression O ' is at a distance from L point, length parameter b=33.33m and l0=
16.67m respectively refers to O point and B point and O point and L0The distance between point.
Calculate global parameter Δ Smax, it is reflected in the maximum speed-up ratio generated under the conditions of the flow velocity direction.
In formula, Y is corresponding acceleration parameter, and see Table 1 for details, and b=33.33m indicates the distance of O point and B point, l0=
16.67m is O point and L0The distance between point.
Calculate the acceleration effect formula of tide flow velocity are as follows:
In formula, α, p are corresponding acceleration parameter, and see Table 1 for details, and xx indicates that the distance between observation point A and O ', l indicate O '
Point is at a distance from L point.
1 acceleration parameter of table
Tidal current energy generating field infeasible region is calculated to the acceleration effect of flow velocity:
Fti=1+ Δ S (xx) (21)
In formula, FtiFor the tide acceleration effect of i-th generator.
4.1.4) calculating the tidal current under more wake effects can generate electricity the flow velocity that becomes a mandarin of field generator
The tidal current speed under more wake effects is calculated, that is, calculates the flow velocity of each generator in addition to the 1st.
4.2) output power of tidal current energy generator is calculated
According to the actual flow velocity of each generator, the output power of each generator is calculated.
In formula, vk jetFor under typical flow in e, the reality of the jth platform tidal current energy generator of k-th of individual in t moment
Border flow velocity.K=1,2 ... Np.J=1,2 ... Nt.T=1,2 ... 24.E=1,2 ..., ξ.NpIt is individual amount.NtFor kth kind side
Case generator number.ξ is clusters number.CpFor the capacitation coefficient of tidal current energy generator.ρ is density of sea water.A is tidal current energy
The area that generator blade is inswept.VinIt is the incision flow velocity of tidal current energy generator.VratedIt is the specified of tidal current energy generator
Flow velocity.VoutIt is that tidal current energy generator cuts out flow velocity. PratedIt is the rated output power of tidal current energy generator.
4.3) daily generation of tidal current energy generating field is calculated
The output power for each generator being calculated and the daily generation of tidal current energy generating field:
5) optimize tidal current energy generating field unit allocation plan scheme with particle swarm algorithm
6) stopping criterion for iteration
Whether judgement currently reaches maximum number of iterations.
If so, optimal tide flow field programme is the smallest individual of optimization aim in step 5.
If it is not, the number of iterations m+1, according to 2 Population Regeneration of formula 1 and formula, to generate new scheme, and return step
4。
N-th dimension component vv of the m+1 times iteration particle β flight velocity vectorβn m+1It is as follows:
In formula, vvβn mFor the n-th dimension component of the m times iteration particle β flight velocity vector, vvβn m+1For the m+1 times iteration
N-th dimension component of particle β flight velocity vector, xβn mAnd xβn m+1Respectively indicate m and m+1 iteration particle β position vector
N-th dimension component, pbest are the desired positions of the β particle experience, and gbest is the desired positions of group's experience, wherein β=
1,2 ... Np, n=1,2 ... 80, Np=100 be individual amount.W is inertia weight, c1、 c2For Studying factors, rand1、rand2For
The equally distributed pseudo random number in [0,1] section.
The layout result that final optimization pass obtains is as shown in Fig. 2.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of tidal current energy generating field unit layout method considering infeasible region and a kind of do not consider undulating region pair
The comparison of the method for the acceleration effect of tide flow velocity is as follows:
A kind of M0: tidal current energy generating field unit layout method considering infeasible region.
M1: undulating region is not examined to the acceleration effect of tide flow velocity, remaining optimization process is consistent with the present invention.
Test effect:
Method M0 and M1 is respectively adopted, tidal current energy generating field daily generation and the difference (M0- of M0 and M1 is calculated
M1) and difference percentage ((M0-M1)/M0), as shown in table 2.
As can be seen from Table 2, the tidal current energy generating field daily generation of method M0 is higher than method M1, is higher by 13.42%.It is main
If since method M1 does not consider undulating region to the acceleration effect of tide flow velocity in optimization process, it is difficult to which accurate description is respectively sent out
The inflow velocity of motor enables tidal current generating field daily generation less than the method for the present invention.
The comparison of 3 method M0.M1 calculated result of table.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of tidal current energy generating field unit layout method for considering infeasible region, which is characterized in that mainly include following
Step:
1) basic data of the tidal current energy generating field is obtained；
2) the typical change rule that tide flow velocity is extracted using k means clustering method, to obtain the typical curve of tide flow velocity.
3) it generates tidal current generating field unit and is laid out initial sample, and the position for obtaining tidal current energy generator in initial sample is sat
Mark；
4) position coordinates for utilizing tide flow velocity day typical curve and tidal current energy generator, calculate the day of tidal current energy generating field
Generated energy；
5) according to tidal current energy generating field day output power, particle swarm algorithm optimization tidal current energy generating field unit layout rule are utilized
The scheme of drawing；
6) judge whether iteration terminates；Judgment method is mainly as follows:
Whether judgement currently reaches maximum number of iterations；
If so, optimal tide flow field programme is the smallest individual of optimization aim in step 5；
If it is not, the number of iterations m+1, according to 2 Population Regeneration of formula 1 and formula, to generate new scheme, and return step 4；
N-th dimension component vv of the m+1 times iteration particle β flight velocity vectorβn m+1It is as follows:
In formula, vvβn mFor the n-th dimension component of the m times iteration particle β flight velocity vector；xβn mIt flies for the m times iteration particle β
N-th dimension component of velocity vector；Pbest is the desired positions of the β particle experience；Gbest is the desired positions of group's experience；
W is inertia weight；c1And c2It is Studying factors；rand1And rand2It is the equally distributed pseudorandom in [0,1] section
Number；
N-th dimension component x of the m+1 times iteration particle β position vectorβn m+1It is as follows:
In formula, vvβn m+1For the n-th dimension component of the m+1 times iteration particle β flight velocity vector；xβn mFly for the m times iteration particle β
N-th dimension component of row velocity vector.
2. a kind of tidal current energy generating field unit layout method for considering infeasible region according to claim 1, special
Sign is: the basic data of the tidal current energy generating field specifically includes that
1) tide flow velocity measured data sample v of the tidal current energy generating field in 24 daily periods in T daysqt；Q is day number sequence
Number；T is period serial number；T=1,2 ... 24；
2) the incision flow velocity V of tidal current energy generatorin, nominal flow rate Vrated, cut out flow velocity Vout, rated output power Prated、
Capacitation coefficient Cp, thrust coefficient CT, blade diameter D, blade radius r0The area A inswept with blade；
3) density of sea water ρ and turbulivity I0；
4) planning area of tidal current energy generating field and tidal current energy generator quantity Nt。
3. a kind of tidal current energy generating field unit layout method for considering infeasible region according to claim 1, special
Sign is: obtain tide flow velocity day typical curve key step it is as follows:
1) H day data is randomly selected as initial cluster center from tide flow velocity measured data sample, cluster centre is expressed as
Ce=[ce1, ce2..., ce24], wherein e=1,2 ..., ξ；ξ is clusters number；
2) the flow speed data sample of every day is successively calculated to the distance of each class cluster centre:
The q days day flow speed data sample to e-th of cluster centre distance deqIt is as follows:
In formula, vqtFor the tide flow velocity of the q days t moments；cetIndicate t-th of element of e class cluster centre Ce；E=1,2 ...,
ξ；Q is number of days serial number；Q=1,2 ..., T；T is the day sample number of tide flow velocity measured data；T is period serial number；T=1,2 ...
24；ξ is clusters number；
3) according to the flow speed data sample of every day to the distance of each class cluster centre, day flow speed data sample is belonged to and
Sample is in nearest classification；
According to cluster result, the day flow velocity number of samples n in data of all categories is countede；
After flow speed data sample reclassifies completion, cluster centre of all categories is updated；
T-th of element c of updated e class cluster centre Cee tIt is as follows:
In formula, vqtFor the data of e classification, the tide flow speed data of such the q days t-th period is indicated；neTo be under the jurisdiction of e
The number of samples of class cluster centre；E=1,2 ..., ξ；Q is number of days serial number；Q=1,2 ..., T；T is tide flow velocity measured data
Day sample number；T is period serial number；T=1,2 ... 24；ξ is clusters number；
4) it repeats step 2 and step 3, the cluster centre Ce until recycling generation twice is no longer changed；
The cluster centre finally obtained is the day typical curve of tide flow velocity；The day typical curve of tide flow velocity characterizes tidal current
The diurnal variation law of speed；
Statistics is under the jurisdiction of the tidal day flow velocity number of samples of each classification, and according to the tidal day flow velocity sample for being under the jurisdiction of each classification
This number calculates the probability that the day typical curve of every a kind of tidal current speed occurs；The day typical curve of e class tide flow velocity occurs
Probability it is as follows:
In formula, neIndicate the number of samples for being under the jurisdiction of e class cluster centre；N is the day sample number of tide flow velocity measured data；E=
1,2 ..., ξ；ξ is clusters number.
4. a kind of tidal current energy generating field unit layout method for considering infeasible region according to claim 1, special
Sign is: the key step that generation tidal current generating field unit is laid out initial sample is as follows:
1) maximum number of iterations of population, iteration count m=1 are initialized
2) computer random generates NpA initial individuals, the length of each initial individuals are 2Nt；NpA initial individuals constitute real number
Matrix Z；NpA initial individuals indicate NpThe different tidal current energy generating field unit placement scheme of kind；
Wherein, the position coordinates of i-th generator are expressed as (G in kth kind tidal current energy generating field unit placement schemeK, 2i.1,
GK, 2i)；I=1,2 ... Nt；K=1,2 ..., Np；NpIt is initial individuals number；NtFor generator number；
3) judge whether i-th generator it is infeasible be located at submarine relief in kth kind tidal current energy generating field unit placement scheme
In region or geology infeasible region, if being located in submarine relief infeasible region or geology infeasible region, regenerate
Position coordinates (the G of i-th generatorK, 2i.1, GK, 2i), until i-th generator is located at submarine relief infeasible region and geology
Until infeasible region is outer；
Geology infeasible region is indicated in the method for polygonal segments；The apex coordinate of geology infeasible region is Jχ；χ=1,2 ...
Nin；NinFor polygon vertex number；
Tidal current energy generating field submarine relief infeasible region bottom surface is ellipse, and the cross section of submarine relief infeasible region is
Cos type curve；
4) the distance Z in each initial individuals between any two generator is solved, and judges whether distance Z is greater than minimum safe distance
5D；D is tidal current power generator diameter；
If Z > 5D, remember that the initial individuals are that tidal current energy generating field unit is laid out initial sample；
If Z≤5D, initial individuals, and return step 3 are regenerated.
5. a kind of tidal current energy generating field unit layout method for considering infeasible region according to claim 1, special
Sign is: the key step for calculating tidal current energy generating field daily generation is as follows:
1) it is based on e kind typical flow, calculates the flow velocity of generator in day part tidal current energy generating field, key step is as follows:
1.1) setting tide flow velocity is flowed along positive direction of the x-axis, and the size based on generator abscissa, to N in k-th of schemetPlatform
Generator is ranked up；
After sequence, the flow velocity v of the 1st generator in k-th of schemek 1tIt is as follows:
In formula, ce tIt is t-th of element of updated e class cluster centre Ce；K=1,2 ... Np；T=1,2 ... 24；E=1,
2 ..., ξ；NpFor individual amount；ξ is clusters number；
1.2) it calculates in k-th of scheme, in addition to the 1st generator, each generator is individually by the generator wake effect of upstream i-th
Under flow velocity；If distance is less than distance, the hair between target generator and direction of rising between generator and direction of rising
Motor is upstream generator；Upstream generator wake effect target generator；
In kth kind scheme, jth platform generator is in the t period individually by the flow velocity u of the generator wake effect of upstream i-thk ijtIt is as follows
It is shown:
In formula, mtFor the mean value of t period tide flow velocity；K=1,2 ... Np；NpFor initial individuals number；I=1,2 ..., Nt；NtFor
Generator number；T is period serial number；T=1,2 ..., 24；I is the number of upstream generator；CTFor tidal current energy generator
Thrust coefficient；r0For tidal current energy generator blade radius；R(ξij) be the generator of upstream i-th wake flow radius；
The wake flow radius R (ξ of the generator of upstream i-thij) it is as follows:
In formula, r0For tidal current energy generator blade radius；I0For turbulivity；ξijFor i-th generator and jth platform generator
Actual range；
1.3) acceleration effect that sea-floor relief rises and falls is calculated；
Establish the model of tidal current energy generating field submarine relief landform；
In tidal current energy generating field submarine relief infeasible region, makees one by observation point A along given flow rate and vertically cut
Face；The observation point A is i-th generator position；The bottom surface subpoint note that maximum height h ' is corresponding on the plumb cut
For O ' point；The subpoint of the plumb cut entered on stream interface highly for h '/2 is denoted as L point；
O point is subpoint corresponding to maximum height h；It crosses O point and does section along flow velocity direction and vertical flow velocity direction；B point is
The subpoint of respective heights h/2 on vertical flow velocity section；L0For the subpoint that respective heights are h/2 along the section of flow velocity direction；
Xx is the distance between observation point A and O '；L is O ' at a distance from L point；Length parameter b between O point and B point away from
From；Length parameter l0For O point and L0The distance between point；
Calculate global parameter Δ Smax；The global parameter Δ SmaxIt is reflected under the conditions of the flow velocity direction and generates maximum acceleration
Than；Global parameter Δ SmaxIt is as follows:
In formula, Y is corresponding acceleration parameter；L is the distance of O ' and L point；l0For O point and L0The distance between point；
Calculate the acceleration effect Δ S (xx) of tide flow velocity；The acceleration effect Δ S (xx) of tide flow velocity is as follows:
In formula, α and p are corresponding acceleration parameter；Xx is the distance between observation point A and O '；L is O ' at a distance from L point；
Tidal current energy generating field infeasible region is calculated to the acceleration effect Ft of flow velocityi；Tidal current energy generating field infeasible region pair
The acceleration effect Ft of flow velocityiIt is as follows:
Fti=1+ Δ S (xx) (11)
In formula, Δ S (xx) is the acceleration effect of tide flow velocity；
1.4) calculating the tidal current under more wake effects can generate electricity the flow velocity that becomes a mandarin of field generator；
The tidal current speed under more wake effects is calculated, that is, calculates the flow velocity of each generator in addition to the 1st；In e under typical flow,
Actual flow velocity u of the jth platform generator of kth kind scheme in t momentk jetIt is as follows:
In formula, uk ijtIt indicates in kth kind scheme, jth platform generator is in t moment individually by the generator wake effect of upstream i-th
Flow velocity；ce tIt is t-th of element of updated e class cluster centre Ce；Nk wiIt is the machine of kth kind scheme jth platform generator upstream
Group quantity；FtiFor the tide acceleration effect of i-th generator；K=1,2 ... Np；I, j=1,2 ... Nt；E=1,2 ..., ξ；NpFor
Individual amount；NtFor generator number；ξ indicates clusters number；
2) output power of tidal current energy generator is calculated；
According to the actual flow velocity of each generator, the output power of each generator is calculated；
In e under typical flow, output power p of k-th of individual jth platform tidal current energy generator in t momentk jetFollowing institute
Show:
In formula, vk jetFor under typical flow in e, the practical stream of the jth platform tidal current energy generator of k-th of individual in t moment
Speed；K=1,2 ... Np；J=1,2 ... Nt；T=1,2 ... 24；E=1,2 ..., ξ；ξ is clusters number；NpIt is individual amount；NtFor
Kth kind scheme generator number；CpFor the capacitation coefficient of tidal current energy generator；ρ is density of sea water；A is that tidal current can generate electricity
The area that machine blade is inswept；VinIt is the incision flow velocity of tidal current energy generator；VratedIt is the specified stream of tidal current energy generator
Speed；VoutIt is that tidal current energy generator cuts out flow velocity；PratedIt is the rated output power of tidal current energy generator；
3) daily generation of tidal current energy generating field is calculated
According to the output power of each generator, the output power P of tidal current energy generating field is calculatedt k；Kth kind scheme is in t moment
Output power Pt kIt is as follows:
In formula, pk jetFor under e kind typical flow, the output power of the jth platform generator of kth kind scheme in t moment；peFor e
The probability of kind typical flow, k=1,2 ... Np, j=1,2 ... Nt, e=1,2 ..., ξ；NpFor individual amount；NtFor kth kind scheme
Middle generator number；ξ indicates clusters number；
Calculate the daily generation of tidal current energy generating field；The daily generation E in kth kind scheme tide flow fieldkIt is as follows:
In formula, Pt kFor kth kind scheme t moment output power；T is period serial number；T=1,2 ..., 24.
6. a kind of tidal current energy generating field unit layout method for considering infeasible region according to claim 1, special
Sign is that the key step optimized using particle swarm algorithm to tidal current energy generating field unit placement scheme is as follows:
1) optimization aim of each placement scheme is calculated；The optimization aim is tidal current energy generating field peak power output；
As kth kind scheme tidal current energy generating field daily generation FkEqual to the daily generation E in kth kind scheme tide flow fieldkWhen, tide
Nighttide stream energy generating field output power reaches maximum, it may be assumed that
Fk=Ek (16)
In formula, FkFor kth kind scheme tidal current energy generating field daily generation；EkFor the daily generation in kth kind scheme tide flow field；k
=1,2 ... Np；NpIt is individual amount；
2) the fitness value fitness of each placement scheme is calculated；
The fitness value fitness of kth kind placement schemekIt is as follows:
In formula, k=1,2 ..., Np；NpFor individual amount；FkFor kth kind scheme tidal current energy generating field daily generation.
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