CN109253159A - 燃气轮机动力涡轮反向支撑中支点可倾瓦滑动推力轴承 - Google Patents
燃气轮机动力涡轮反向支撑中支点可倾瓦滑动推力轴承 Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
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- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
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- F16C33/106—Details of distribution or circulation inside the bearings, e.g. details of the bearing surfaces to affect flow or pressure of the liquid
- F16C33/108—Details of distribution or circulation inside the bearings, e.g. details of the bearing surfaces to affect flow or pressure of the liquid with a plurality of elements forming the bearing surfaces, e.g. bearing pads
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- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/12—Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
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Abstract
本发明属于燃气轮机技术领域,具体涉及一种燃气轮机动力涡轮反向支撑中支点可倾瓦滑动推力轴承,包括12个中支点扇形推力瓦、1个隔离环和12个紧配连接销;12个中支点扇形推力瓦安装在扇形槽内,中支点扇形推力瓦通过紧配连接销固定,扇形槽的槽口边缘设有3个喷油孔;该环形推力轴承的轴心线与发动机旋转轴线重合;中支点扇形推力瓦包括瓦块基体、安装于瓦块基体上的球面支座及瓦块基体上的铜合金和镀银层,球面支座上设有瓦块排气槽。该轴承作为反向支撑部件,可以承担动力涡轮在立式装配状态、带负荷惰转状态的反向轴向力。轴承具有结构简单可靠、性能优良、工作寿命长,体积小、成本低的优点。
Description
技术领域:
本发明属于燃气轮机技术领域,具体涉及一种燃气轮机动力涡轮反向支撑中支点可倾瓦滑动推力轴承。
背景技术:
燃气轮机是将高温、高压燃烧气体的热能转化为机械能的装置,动力涡轮是燃气轮机功率输出的重要部件,由于燃气在涡轮里逐级膨胀,动力涡轮承受着巨大的轴向力作用。在稳定工况下动力涡轮转子轴向力与工质流动方向一致,在立式装配状态和带负荷惰转状态下会出现轴向力反向的工况。对于小功率的燃气轮机动力涡轮通常采用滑动推力轴承+球轴承分别承受正向、反向轴向力的支撑方案,但由于球轴承承载能力低、抗冲击性能差、寿命短,在中大功率机组和船用机组中并不适用。用于反向支撑的滑动推力轴承具有承载能力高、抗振动冲击能力强、寿命长等特点,目前在中等功率以上的燃气轮机上已开始应用,用来承受装配或运行时的反向、动态、高载荷的动力涡轮轴向力。
发明内容:
本发明的目的是提供一种用于承受燃气轮机动力涡轮反向轴向力的中支点可倾瓦滑动推力轴承,该轴承具有结构简单可靠、性能优良、工作寿命长、体积小及成本低等优点,可以应用于各档功率的燃气轮机动力涡轮,解决燃气轮机轴向力反向工况的技术问题。
本发明采用的技术方案为:一种燃气轮机动力涡轮反向支撑中支点可倾瓦滑动推力轴承,包括12个中支点扇形推力瓦、1个隔离环和12个紧配连接销;所述12个中支点扇形推力瓦分别安装在隔离环的扇形槽内,所述中支点扇形推力瓦通过径向安装的紧配连接销固定,所述扇形槽的槽口边缘设有3个喷油孔。
进一步地,该环形推力轴承的轴心线与发动机旋转轴线重合。
进一步地,所述中支点扇形推力瓦与扇形槽间隙范围为0.3~0.5mm。
进一步地,所述隔离环上用于中支点扇形推力瓦的12个扇形槽周向均布,隔离环的滑油流路进口位于后侧,用于滑油出口的喷油孔位于前侧,所述喷油孔位于每个槽口边缘单侧,3个为一组,为了保证滑油准确地进入瓦面的楔形间隙,所述喷油孔与轴向成40°~50°夹角,且喷油孔出口表面与孔垂直。
进一步地,所述紧配连接销,用于连接推力瓦和隔离环, 顶部的圆柱面与隔离环为过盈配合,过盈量0.002~0.025mm,其中部的圆柱面与中支点扇形推力瓦为间隙配合,间隙值0.9~1.1mm,其底部的圆柱面与隔离环为间隙配合,间隙值0~0.024mm。
进一步地,所述紧配连接销的底部通过涨扩的方式锁紧,涨扩角度不小于40°。
进一步地,所述中支点扇形推力瓦包括瓦块基体、安装于瓦块基体上的球面支座及瓦块基体上的铜合金和镀银层,所述球面支座上设有瓦块排气槽。
进一步地,所述瓦块基体为扇形推力瓦结构主体,其前侧表面浇铸铜合金,所述铜合金外表面镀银层。
进一步地,所述瓦块基体为瓦块基体后侧设有用于安装球面支座的圆形凹槽,球面中心点位于瓦块周向和径向的中心位置,瓦块基体两侧表面夹角为10°,两面延伸交线为燃机轴线,瓦块基体顶面和底面表面围绕一个旋转轴的两侧面分别与轴向成一定角度。
进一步地,所述铜合金的厚度为2mm~4mm。
进一步地,可倾斜瓦块的旋转支点位于扇形推力瓦和扇形槽口的中间位置,瓦块支点为球面的顶点,轴承工作状态下,瓦块围绕支点旋转后形成表面的楔形油膜,依靠油膜压力承担轴向力。
进一步地,轴承润滑方式采用中支点可倾瓦、侧方供油的液体动压润滑形式。
本发明的有益效果:提供了一种用于承受燃气轮机动力涡轮反向轴向力的中支点可倾瓦滑动推力轴承,该轴承的结构简单可靠,性能优良,工作寿命长,体积小,成本低,可以应用于各档功率的燃气轮机动力涡轮,解决燃气轮机轴向力反向工况的技术问题。反向支撑中支点可倾瓦滑动推力轴承,结构上由三部分组成:承受轴向力的中支点扇形推力瓦、用于安装推力瓦和向瓦面楔形间隙供油隔离环、连接推力瓦和隔离环的紧配连接销;中支点扇形推力瓦用于承载通过油膜传递过来的转子轴向压力,整套推力瓦数量为12。单个推力瓦为扇形结构,由瓦块基体、表面铸造铜合金和球面支座组成,瓦块基体为扇形推力瓦结构主体,前侧表面浇铸铜合金,铜合金外表面镀银。后侧加工有圆形凹槽,用于安装球面支座,球面中心点位于瓦块周向和径向的中心位置。瓦块基体两侧表面夹角为10°,两面延伸交线为燃机轴线,瓦块基体顶面和底面表面围绕一个旋转轴的两侧分别与轴向成一定角度。隔离环用于安装推力瓦并向推力瓦表面楔形间隙供油。隔离环内周向均布12个扇形槽口,用于安装推力瓦。为了保证推力瓦转动空间,瓦与槽口四周留有间隙。隔离环的滑油流路进口位于后侧,滑油出口(喷油孔)位于前侧,喷油孔与轴向成一定的角度来保证滑油准确地进入瓦面的楔形间隙。
附图说明:
图1是实施例1中反向支撑中支点可倾瓦滑动推力轴承轴向整体视图;
图2是实施例1中反向支撑中支点可倾瓦滑动推力轴承轴的局部放大图;
图3是图2中A-A的剖视图;
图4是实施例1的中支点扇形推力瓦结构示意图;
图5是图2中的C向工作状态及润滑流路示意图。
具体实施方式:
实施例一
一种燃气轮机动力涡轮反向支撑中支点可倾瓦滑动推力轴承,包括12个中支点扇形推力瓦1、1个隔离环2和12个紧配连接销3;所述12个中支点扇形推力瓦1分别安装在隔离环2的扇形槽9内,所述中支点扇形推力瓦1通过径向安装的紧配连接销3固定,所述扇形槽9的槽口边缘设有3个喷油孔10;该环形推力轴承的轴心线与发动机旋转轴线重合;所述中支点扇形推力瓦1与扇形槽9间隙范围为0.3~0.5mm;所述隔离环2上用于中支点扇形推力瓦1的12个扇形槽9周向均布,隔离环的滑油流路进口位于后侧,用于滑油出口的喷油孔10位于前侧,所述喷油孔10与轴向成40°~50°夹角,且喷油孔10出口表面与孔垂直;所述紧配连接销3顶部的圆柱面与隔离环2为过盈配合,过盈量0.002~0.025mm,其中部的圆柱面与中支点扇形推力瓦1为间隙配合,间隙值0.9~1.1mm,其底部的圆柱面与隔离环2为间隙配合,间隙值0~0.024mm;所述紧配连接销3的底部通过涨扩的方式锁紧,涨扩角度不小于40°;所述中支点扇形推力瓦1包括瓦块基体5、安装于瓦块基体5上的球面支座4及瓦块基体5上的铜合金6和镀银层7,所述球面支座4上设有瓦块排气槽8;所述瓦块基体5为扇形推力瓦结构主体,其前侧表面浇铸铜合金6,所述铜合金6外表面镀银层7;所述瓦块基体5为瓦块基体后侧设有用于安装球面支座4的圆形凹槽;所述铜合金6的厚度为2mm~4mm。
参见图1,燃气轮机动力涡轮反向支撑中支点可倾瓦滑动推力轴承主体是环形结构,由12个中支点扇形推力瓦、1个隔离环、12个紧配连接销组合而成,该环形推力轴承的轴心线与发动机旋转轴线重合,在燃气轮机工作状态时的推力瓦表面形成的油膜可以承载运行时的反向、动态、高载荷的动力涡轮轴向力;在燃气轮机的立式装配状态时推力瓦表面可以支撑转子重量。
参见图2,中支点扇形推力瓦安装在隔离环扇形槽内,每个槽口边缘有3个喷油孔,整个轴承的喷油孔总数为36个。
参见图3,表示了中支点扇形推力瓦、隔离环与紧配连接销的装配关系:中支点扇形推力瓦通过径向安装的紧配连接销固定,推力瓦与扇形槽四周、推力瓦与销之间均存在配合间隙。从径向方向看,球面支座的支点位于扇形槽径向中点,距两侧边缘距离为S1,同时位于瓦块基体的径向中点,距两侧边缘距离为S2。紧配连接销与隔离环的配合为顶部J1过盈配合,底部J2间隙配合。销底部涨扩锁紧,必须保证角度为F2的涨扩角。
参见图4,中支点扇形推力瓦包括瓦块基体、球面支座、铸造铜合金以及表面镀银层、,为了保证球面支座、在瓦块基体、内部的安装需要在支座上加工瓦块排气槽、。
参见图5,表示了本、轴承的结构特点和润滑特点。M为瓦块旋转支点,在周向方向上,其与槽两端的距离均为S3,与瓦块两端的距离均为S4。轴承润滑用的滑油入口为N,经过中间流路,从喷油孔、喷射至楔形间隙内,该楔形间隙是通过中支点扇形推力瓦、转动后形成。F1为喷油孔、的角度与轴向夹角。
燃气轮机动力涡轮的可倾瓦滑动推力轴承作为反向支撑部件,可以承担动力涡轮在立式装配状态、带负荷惰转状态的反向轴向力。轴承具有结构简单可靠、性能优良、工作寿命长,体积小、成本低等特点,可以应用于各档功率的燃气轮机动力涡轮。
Claims (10)
1.一种燃气轮机动力涡轮反向支撑中支点可倾瓦滑动推力轴承,其特征在于:包括12个中支点扇形推力瓦(1)、1个隔离环(2)和12个紧配连接销(3);所述12个中支点扇形推力瓦(1)分别安装在隔离环(2)的扇形槽(9)内,所述中支点扇形推力瓦(1)通过径向安装的紧配连接销(3)固定,所述扇形槽(9)的槽口边缘设有3个喷油孔(10)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种燃气轮机动力涡轮反向支撑中支点可倾瓦滑动推力轴承,其特征在于:该环形推力轴承的轴心线与发动机旋转轴线重合。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种燃气轮机动力涡轮反向支撑中支点可倾瓦滑动推力轴承,其特征在于:所述中支点扇形推力瓦(1)与扇形槽(9)间隙范围为0.3~0.5mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种燃气轮机动力涡轮反向支撑中支点可倾瓦滑动推力轴承,其特征在于:所述隔离环(2)上用于中支点扇形推力瓦(1)的12个扇形槽(9)周向均布,隔离环的滑油流路进口位于后侧,用于滑油出口的喷油孔(10)位于前侧,所述喷油孔(10)与轴向成40°~50°夹角,且喷油孔(10)出口表面与孔垂直。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种燃气轮机动力涡轮反向支撑中支点可倾瓦滑动推力轴承,其特征在于:所述紧配连接销(3)顶部的圆柱面与隔离环(2)为过盈配合,过盈量0.002~0.025mm,其中部的圆柱面与中支点扇形推力瓦(1)为间隙配合,间隙值0.9~1.1mm,其底部的圆柱面与隔离环(2)为间隙配合,间隙值0~0.024mm。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种燃气轮机动力涡轮反向支撑中支点可倾瓦滑动推力轴承,其特征在于:所述紧配连接销(3)的底部通过涨扩的方式锁紧,涨扩角度不小于40°。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种燃气轮机动力涡轮反向支撑中支点可倾瓦滑动推力轴承,其特征在于:所述中支点扇形推力瓦(1)包括瓦块基体(5)、安装于瓦块基体(5)上的球面支座(4)及瓦块基体(5)上的铜合金(6)和镀银层(7),所述球面支座(4)上设有瓦块排气槽(8)。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种燃气轮机动力涡轮反向支撑中支点可倾瓦滑动推力轴承,其特征在于:所述瓦块基体(5)为扇形推力瓦结构主体,其前侧表面浇铸铜合金(6),所述铜合金(6)外表面镀银层(7)。
9.根据权利要求7所述的一种燃气轮机动力涡轮反向支撑中支点可倾瓦滑动推力轴承,其特征在于:所述瓦块基体(5)为瓦块基体后侧设有用于安装球面支座(4)的圆形凹槽。
10.根据权利要求7所述的一种燃气轮机动力涡轮反向支撑中支点可倾瓦滑动推力轴承,其特征在于:所述铜合金(6)的厚度为2mm~4mm。
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