CN109252074A - A kind of automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub and its manufacturing method - Google Patents
A kind of automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub and its manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109252074A CN109252074A CN201811381851.XA CN201811381851A CN109252074A CN 109252074 A CN109252074 A CN 109252074A CN 201811381851 A CN201811381851 A CN 201811381851A CN 109252074 A CN109252074 A CN 109252074A
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910014813 CaC2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- FIXNOXLJNSSSLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Yb]O[Yb]=O FIXNOXLJNSSSLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007499 fusion processing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910007873 ZrAl3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B27/00—Hubs
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub and its manufacturing methods, it is related to automotive hub manufacturing technology field, the mass percent of each ingredient in the aluminium alloy wheel hub are as follows: Si:3.3~4.8%, Mg:1.2~1.7%, Mn:0.45~0.7%, V:0.2~0.6%, Ti:0.35~0.7%, Zr:0.05~0.13%, RE:0.05~0.12%, surplus Al；The RE is made of Yb, Pr, Nd, Sc, and the mass ratio of Yb, Pr, Nd, Sc are 1:0.2~0.6:0.3~0.8:0.6~1.2；Its manufacturing method includes melting, refining, casting, solution treatment, subzero treatment, ageing treatment, manufacture obtained aluminium alloy wheel hub even tissue, densification, toughness is high, intensity is high, corrosion resistance and good, dimensional stability is high, excellent combination property, long service life have a good application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to automotive hub manufacturing technology fields, and in particular to a kind of automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminum alloy wheel
Hub and its manufacturing method.
Background technique
Auto industry be the modernization of industry development important symbol, automobile industry China rapid development and yield it is big
Width rises, and becomes economic pillar industry.With the development of world economy, environmental protection, the energy, safe three major issues increasingly by
People's concern, and the development of these problems and auto industry is closely related.To solve these problems, Modern World automobile industry
Key problem is how to realize that lightweight, low cost, security performance is high, low energy consumption, environmentally protective etc..In recent years, automobile industry
Design is produced and is encouraged using electric car to achieve the purpose that reduce energy consumption.But it is main both at home and abroad at present to realize above-mentioned requirements
The effective method to be used is mainly to improve the design structure of automobile or reduce the own wt of automobile using new material.
The further improvement of raising due to people to comfort level and security requirement, structure design of automobile has limitation.Therefore, it opens
Sending out new material becomes the optimal path of automobile lightweight.
Aluminium alloy wheel hub is at present in the firm a kind of wheel hub being most widely used in the market of automotive wheels.Aluminium alloy wheel hub cares for name
Think justice, be the wheel hub using aluminium alloy as main material, why possess so big market, is because aluminium alloy wheel hub is in property
There is very strong superiority on energy and quality.Specifically, aluminium alloy wheel hub mainly possesses following advantages.
(1) light-weight and energy saving.Traditional automotive hub is all steel wheel hub, and the steel wheel hub of ratio, and aluminium alloy wheel hub is in weight
It is lighter in amount, it can specifically mitigate 30~40% weight than steel wheel hub.And the weight of wheel hub is lighter, then it is used to represent its rotation
Property it is stronger, and then the acceleration of automobile is higher, so can reduce energy requirement in braking, that is, reduces gasoline and disappears
Consumption.
(2) driving performance can be improved.Aluminium alloy wheel hub has high-precision and the separation property with tire, so that automobile be made to be expert at
Reduce runout when sailing and vibration, body gravity are more steady.
(3) perfect heat-dissipating.It is excessively high not will cause wheel temperature, greatly reduces incidence of blowing out, has ensured driving peace
Entirely.Factually border measuring and calculating display, the scattered temperature coefficient of aluminium alloy wheel hub are 2-3 times higher than traditional steel wheel hub.
102366828 B of Chinese patent CN discloses a kind of low-pressure casting method of aluminium alloy automobile hub, by excellent
The design of alloy ingredient, adds the Al-Ti-B-C refiner and rare earth alterative of proper content, optimizes low-pressure casting process ginseng
Several and heat treatment parameter so that the automotive hub of preparation have a dendrite of fine uniform and the vermiform of fine uniform or
The tissue of spherical silicon composition, improves the performance of aluminium alloy automobile hub, but its room temperature tensile intensity, toughness is still relatively low,
It is difficult to meet requirement of the market to aluminium alloy wheel hub of vehicle high-toughness high-strength.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub and its manufacturing method, manufactures
Obtained aluminium alloy wheel hub even tissue, densification, toughness is high, intensity is high, and corrosion resistance and good, dimensional stability is high, comprehensive
Can be excellent, long service life has a good application prospect.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub, the mass percent of each ingredient in the aluminium alloy wheel hub
Are as follows: Si:3.3~4.8%, Mg:1.2~1.7%, Mn:0.45~0.7%, V:0.2~0.6%, Ti:0.35~0.7%, Zr:
0.05~0.13%, RE:0.05~0.12%, surplus Al；The RE is made of Yb, Pr, Nd, Sc, the matter of Yb, Pr, Nd, Sc
Amount is than being 1:0.2~0.6:0.3~0.8:0.6~1.2.
Preferably, in the aluminium alloy each ingredient mass percent are as follows: Si:4.2%, Mg:1.35%, Mn:0.53%,
V:0.34%, Ti:0.61%, Zr:0.08%, RE:0.08%, surplus Al.
Preferably, in the aluminium alloy each ingredient mass percent are as follows: Si:3.8%, Mg:1.63%, Mn:0.62%,
V:0.46%, Ti:0.52%, Zr:0.11%, RE:0.1%, surplus Al.
Preferably, the mass ratio of described Yb, Pr, Nd, Sc are 1:0.5:0.5:1.
Preferably, the mass ratio of described Yb, Pr, Nd, Sc are 1:0.3:0.6:0.8.
The manufacturing method of automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub in the present invention, comprising the following steps:
(1) melting: each raw material being put into vacuum melting furnace and carries out melting, guarantees that temperature of aluminum liquid is in fusion process
750~800 DEG C, the content of each element in molten aluminum is surveyed, and adjusts each element content to meeting recipe requirements；
(2) it refines: quickly being skimmed the dross on molten aluminum surface layer with spoon is skimmed, and it will be smart using inert gas using spraying machine
It refines agent to spray into molten aluminum, 6~10min, slagging-off is kept the temperature at 750~800 DEG C；
(3) it casts: the molten aluminum after refining being cast, aluminum alloy hub blank is obtained；
(4) solution treatment: sending aluminum alloy hub blank into solid solution furnace, is warming up to 545 with the speed of 20~30 DEG C/min
~555 DEG C, keep the temperature 3.5~4.5h；It is quenched in the water using 40~50 DEG C；
(5) subzero treatment: since room temperature, by the aluminium alloy wheel hub for completing solution treatment with the speed of 0.5~2 DEG C/min
- 100~-80 DEG C are cooled to, then is cooled to -190~-175 DEG C with the speed of 4~10 DEG C/min, and keep the temperature 3~6h, is being placed in
At room temperature, it is warming up to room temperature；
(6) ageing treatment: the aluminium alloy wheel hub for completing subzero treatment is placed in low temperature oven, and temperature is risen to 100~110
DEG C, 3~5h of preageing is carried out, then temperature of low-oven is risen to 160~170 DEG C, 2~3h of ageing treatment, then be air-cooled to room temperature.
Preferably, in the refining agent each ingredient mass percent are as follows: MgO:20~30%, KCl:20~30%,
Yb2O3: 3~5.5%, CaC2: 15~25%, NaSiF6: 25~35%.
Preferably, in the refining agent each ingredient mass percent are as follows: MgO:26%, KCl:22%, Yb2O3: 4%,
CaC2: 20%, NaSiF6: 28%.
Preferably, the refining agent dosage is the 0.2~0.35% of molten aluminum weight.
Preferably, in the step (5), -190~-175 DEG C are cooled to the speed of 5.5~7 DEG C/min.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
In the present invention, titanium and aluminium form TiAl2Phase becomes heterogeneous necleus when crystallization, can play refinement cast sturcture
Effect.Zirconium and aluminium form ZrAl3Compound can hinder recrystallization process, refine recrystal grain.V is formed in aluminium alloy
VAl11Infusible compound plays Grain refinement, refinement recrystallized structure, the work for improving recrystallization temperature in fusion-casting process
With.
The lucium Jing Guo specific configuration is added in aluminium alloy, each rare earth element proportion is reasonable, and in fusion process
In greatly reduce gas in alloy and be mingled with, so that constituent phases is tended to nodularization.Solid solubility of the rare earth in aluminium alloy is smaller,
Grain boundaries are enriched in, in process of setting, rare earth is gathered in solid-liquid interface forward position, increases the constitutional supercooling at this, to make to close
The secondary dendrite spacing of gold reduces.Meanwhile rare earth can effectively refine crystal grain, and reduce smelt surface tension, increase mobility, have
Conducive to moulding by casting；Simultaneously magnesium presence, can excitation rare-earth element metamorphism.
Temperature setting is 545~555 DEG C in solution treatment, and protected by the present invention when manufacturing aluminium alloy automobile hub
3.5~4.5h of temperature；Keep eutectic particle size tiny, and is evenly distributed in matrix in spherical, it is small in this condition, it can make micro- hard
Degree is optimal value.Subzero treatment is taken after solution treatment, quenched residual stress can be made to substantially eliminate, during deep cooling
Rationally setting cooling rate, during deep cooling, grain boundaries gradually appear tiny crystal grain, the second phase that α (Al) matrix is precipitated
Tissue gradually increases, and the mechanical property enabled aluminum alloy to gradually increases.In ageing treatment, at the preageing that first carries out lower temperature
Reason, is to continue timeliness at 160~170 DEG C, the intensity and hardness that can be enabled aluminum alloy to are improved significantly, while still protecting
Hold preferable plasticity.
Refining agent degasification of the present invention, slagging-off effect are good, can effectively purify melt, treated molten aluminum inner air vent and oxidation folder
Sundries content significantly reduces, and aluminium alloy microstructure compactness is uniform, substantially without loose, slag inclusion the defects of, increase aluminium alloy
The uniformity of interior tissue and the refinement of crystal grain.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention,
Technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is the present invention one
Divide embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making
Every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention under the premise of creative work.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub, the mass percent of each ingredient in the aluminium alloy wheel hub
Are as follows: Si:4.2%, Mg:1.35%, Mn:0.53%, V:0.34%, Ti:0.61%, Zr:0.08%, RE:0.08%, surplus are
Al；The RE is made of Yb, Pr, Nd, Sc, and the mass ratio of Yb, Pr, Nd, Sc are 1:0.5:0.5:1.
The manufacturing method of automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub, comprising the following steps:
(1) melting: each raw material being put into vacuum melting furnace and carries out melting, guarantees that temperature of aluminum liquid is in fusion process
780 DEG C, the content of each element in molten aluminum is surveyed, and adjusts each element content to meeting recipe requirements；
(2) it refines: quickly being skimmed the dross on molten aluminum surface layer with spoon is skimmed, and it will be smart using inert gas using spraying machine
It refines agent to spray into molten aluminum, 8min is kept the temperature at 780 DEG C, remove the gred；Wherein refining agent dosage is the 0.28% of molten aluminum weight；
The mass percent of each ingredient in refining agent are as follows: MgO:26%, KCl:22%, Yb2O3: 4%, CaC2: 20%,
NaSiF6: 28%.
(3) it casts: the molten aluminum after refining being cast, aluminum alloy hub blank is obtained；
(4) solution treatment: sending aluminum alloy hub blank into solid solution furnace, is warming up to 550 DEG C with the speed of 25 DEG C/min, protects
Warm 4h；It is quenched in the water using 45 DEG C；
(5) subzero treatment: since room temperature, the aluminium alloy wheel hub for completing solution treatment is cold with the speed of 1.3 DEG C/min
But to -100 DEG C, then -190 DEG C are cooled to the speed of 7 DEG C/min, and keep the temperature 5h, are being placed at room temperature, are being warming up to room temperature；
(6) ageing treatment: the aluminium alloy wheel hub for completing subzero treatment is placed in low temperature oven, and temperature is risen to 106 DEG C, into
Row preageing 5h, then temperature of low-oven is risen to 160 DEG C, ageing treatment 3h, then be air-cooled to room temperature.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub, the mass percent of each ingredient in the aluminium alloy wheel hub
Are as follows: Si:3.8%, Mg:1.63%, Mn:0.62%, V:0.46%, Ti:0.52%, Zr:0.11%, RE:0.1%, surplus are
Al；The RE is made of Yb, Pr, Nd, Sc, and the mass ratio of Yb, Pr, Nd, Sc are 1:0.3:0.6:0.8.
The manufacturing method of automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub, comprising the following steps:
(1) melting: each raw material being put into vacuum melting furnace and carries out melting, guarantees that temperature of aluminum liquid is in fusion process
770 DEG C, the content of each element in molten aluminum is surveyed, and adjusts each element content to meeting recipe requirements；
(2) it refines: quickly being skimmed the dross on molten aluminum surface layer with spoon is skimmed, and it will be smart using inert gas using spraying machine
It refines agent to spray into molten aluminum, 7min is kept the temperature at 790 DEG C, remove the gred；Wherein refining agent dosage is the 0.3% of molten aluminum weight；
The mass percent of each ingredient in refining agent are as follows: MgO:26%, KCl:22%, Yb2O3: 4%, CaC2: 20%,
NaSiF6: 28%.
(3) it casts: the molten aluminum after refining being cast, aluminum alloy hub blank is obtained；
(4) solution treatment: sending aluminum alloy hub blank into solid solution furnace, is warming up to 545 DEG C with the speed of 23 DEG C/min, protects
Warm 4h；It is quenched in the water using 45 DEG C；
(5) subzero treatment: since room temperature, the aluminium alloy wheel hub for completing solution treatment is cold with the speed of 1.5 DEG C/min
But to -90 DEG C, then -180 DEG C are cooled to the speed of 5.5 DEG C/min, and keep the temperature 5h, are being placed at room temperature, are being warming up to room temperature；
(6) ageing treatment: the aluminium alloy wheel hub for completing subzero treatment is placed in low temperature oven, and temperature is risen to 110 DEG C, into
Row preageing 4h, then temperature of low-oven is risen to 165 DEG C, ageing treatment 2.5h, then be air-cooled to room temperature.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub, the mass percent of each ingredient in the aluminium alloy wheel hub
Are as follows: Si:4.8%, Mg:1.5%, Mn:0.62%, V:0.41%, Ti:0.7%, Zr:0.05%, RE:0.05%, surplus are
Al；The RE is made of Yb, Pr, Nd, Sc, and the mass ratio of Yb, Pr, Nd, Sc are 1:0.6:0.8:1.
The manufacturing method of automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub, comprising the following steps:
(1) melting: each raw material being put into vacuum melting furnace and carries out melting, guarantees that temperature of aluminum liquid is in fusion process
780 DEG C, the content of each element in molten aluminum is surveyed, and adjusts each element content to meeting recipe requirements；
(2) it refines: quickly being skimmed the dross on molten aluminum surface layer with spoon is skimmed, and it will be smart using inert gas using spraying machine
It refines agent to spray into molten aluminum, 6min is kept the temperature at 800 DEG C, remove the gred；Wherein refining agent dosage is the 0.3% of molten aluminum weight；
The mass percent of each ingredient in refining agent are as follows: MgO:30%, KCl:20%, Yb2O3: 5.5%, CaC2:
19.5%, NaSiF6: 25%；
(3) it casts: the molten aluminum after refining being cast, aluminum alloy hub blank is obtained；
(4) solution treatment: sending aluminum alloy hub blank into solid solution furnace, is warming up to 550 DEG C with the speed of 20 DEG C/min, protects
Warm 4.5h；It is quenched in the water using 50 DEG C；
(5) subzero treatment: since room temperature, the aluminium alloy wheel hub for completing solution treatment is cooling with the speed of 2 DEG C/min
To -95 DEG C, then -175 DEG C are cooled to the speed of 6 DEG C/min, and keep the temperature 6h, are being placed at room temperature, are being warming up to room temperature；
(6) ageing treatment: the aluminium alloy wheel hub for completing subzero treatment is placed in low temperature oven, and temperature is risen to 110 DEG C, into
Row preageing 4h, then temperature of low-oven is risen to 165 DEG C, ageing treatment 2h, then be air-cooled to room temperature.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub, the mass percent of each ingredient in the aluminium alloy wheel hub
Are as follows: Si:3.3%, Mg:1.2%, Mn:0.45%, V:0.6%, Ti:0.35%, Zr:0.11%, RE:0.065%, surplus are
Al；The RE is made of Yb, Pr, Nd, Sc, and the mass ratio of Yb, Pr, Nd, Sc are 1:0.2:0.5:1.2.
The manufacturing method of automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub, comprising the following steps:
(1) melting: each raw material being put into vacuum melting furnace and carries out melting, guarantees that temperature of aluminum liquid is in fusion process
750 DEG C, the content of each element in molten aluminum is surveyed, and adjusts each element content to meeting recipe requirements；
(2) it refines: quickly being skimmed the dross on molten aluminum surface layer with spoon is skimmed, it, will be smart using inert gas using spraying machine
It refines agent to spray into molten aluminum, 10min is kept the temperature at 750 DEG C, remove the gred；Wherein refining agent dosage is the 0.35% of molten aluminum weight；
The mass percent of each ingredient in refining agent are as follows: MgO:20%, KCl:30%, Yb2O3: 3%, CaC2: 15%,
NaSiF6: 32%；
(3) it casts: the molten aluminum after refining being cast, aluminum alloy hub blank is obtained；
(4) solution treatment: sending aluminum alloy hub blank into solid solution furnace, is warming up to 555 DEG C with the speed of 26 DEG C/min, protects
Warm 4h；It is quenched in the water using 43 DEG C；
(5) subzero treatment: since room temperature, the aluminium alloy wheel hub for completing solution treatment is cold with the speed of 0.5 DEG C/min
But to -80 DEG C, then -190 DEG C are cooled to the speed of 4 DEG C/min, and keep the temperature 3h, are being placed at room temperature, are being warming up to room temperature；
(6) ageing treatment: the aluminium alloy wheel hub for completing subzero treatment is placed in low temperature oven, and temperature is risen to 100 DEG C, into
Row preageing 5h, then temperature of low-oven is risen to 160 DEG C, ageing treatment 3h, then be air-cooled to room temperature.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub, the mass percent of each ingredient in the aluminium alloy wheel hub
Are as follows: Si:4.5%, Mg:1.7%, Mn:0.7%, V:0.2%, Ti:0.53%, Zr:0.13%, RE:0.12%, surplus Al；
The RE is made of Yb, Pr, Nd, Sc, and the mass ratio of Yb, Pr, Nd, Sc are 1:0.5:0.3:0.6.
The manufacturing method of automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub, comprising the following steps:
(1) melting: each raw material being put into vacuum melting furnace and carries out melting, guarantees that temperature of aluminum liquid is in fusion process
800 DEG C, the content of each element in molten aluminum is surveyed, and adjusts each element content to meeting recipe requirements；
(2) it refines: quickly being skimmed the dross on molten aluminum surface layer with spoon is skimmed, and it will be smart using inert gas using spraying machine
It refines agent to spray into molten aluminum, 8min is kept the temperature at 780 DEG C, remove the gred；Wherein refining agent dosage is the 0.2% of molten aluminum weight；
The mass percent of each ingredient in refining agent are as follows: MgO:22%, KCl:22%, Yb2O3: 5%, CaC2: 25%,
NaSiF6: 26%；
(3) it casts: the molten aluminum after refining being cast, aluminum alloy hub blank is obtained；
(4) solution treatment: sending aluminum alloy hub blank into solid solution furnace, is warming up to 545 DEG C with the speed of 30 DEG C/min, protects
Warm 3.5h；It is quenched in the water using 40 DEG C；
(5) subzero treatment: since room temperature, the aluminium alloy wheel hub for completing solution treatment is cold with the speed of 1.5 DEG C/min
But to -100 DEG C, then -180 DEG C are cooled to the speed of 10 DEG C/min, and keep the temperature 5h, are being placed at room temperature, are being warming up to room temperature；
(6) ageing treatment: the aluminium alloy wheel hub for completing subzero treatment is placed in low temperature oven, and temperature is risen to 108 DEG C, into
Row preageing 3h, then temperature of low-oven is risen to 170 DEG C, ageing treatment 2.5h, then be air-cooled to room temperature.
Embodiment 6:
A kind of automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub, the mass percent of each ingredient in the aluminium alloy wheel hub
Are as follows: Si:3.6%, Mg:1.55%, Mn:0.6%, V:0.5%, Ti:0.6%, Zr:0.13%, RE:0.12%, surplus Al；
The RE is made of Yb, Pr, Nd, Sc, and the mass ratio of Yb, Pr, Nd, Sc are 1:0.3:0.3:1.
The manufacturing method of automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub, comprising the following steps:
(1) melting: each raw material being put into vacuum melting furnace and carries out melting, guarantees that temperature of aluminum liquid is in fusion process
760 DEG C, the content of each element in molten aluminum is surveyed, and adjusts each element content to meeting recipe requirements；
(2) it refines: quickly being skimmed the dross on molten aluminum surface layer with spoon is skimmed, and it will be smart using inert gas using spraying machine
It refines agent to spray into molten aluminum, 10min is kept the temperature at 790 DEG C, remove the gred；Wherein refining agent dosage is the 0.3% of molten aluminum weight；
The mass percent of each ingredient in refining agent are as follows: MgO:20%, KCl:26%, Yb2O3: 4%, CaC2: 15%,
NaSiF6: 35%.
(3) it casts: the molten aluminum after refining being cast, aluminum alloy hub blank is obtained；
(4) solution treatment: sending aluminum alloy hub blank into solid solution furnace, is warming up to 550 DEG C with the speed of 23.5 DEG C/min,
Keep the temperature 4h；It is quenched in the water using 50 DEG C；
(5) subzero treatment: since room temperature, the aluminium alloy wheel hub for completing solution treatment is cold with the speed of 0.8 DEG C/min
But to -95 DEG C, then -175 DEG C are cooled to the speed of 8.5 DEG C/min, and keep the temperature 5h, are being placed at room temperature, are being warming up to room temperature；
(6) ageing treatment: the aluminium alloy wheel hub for completing subzero treatment is placed in low temperature oven, and temperature is risen to 103 DEG C, into
Row preageing 5h, then temperature of low-oven is risen to 165 DEG C, ageing treatment 3h, then be air-cooled to room temperature.
Embodiment 7:
A kind of automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub, the mass percent of each ingredient in the aluminium alloy wheel hub
Are as follows: Si:3.9%, Mg:1.6%, Mn:0.6%, V:0.3%, Ti:0.6%, Zr:0.11%, RE:0.08%, surplus Al；
The RE is made of Yb, Pr, Nd, Sc, and the mass ratio of Yb, Pr, Nd, Sc are 1:0.5:0.5:1.
The manufacturing method of automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub is the same as embodiment 1.
Embodiment 8:
A kind of automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub, the mass percent of each ingredient in the aluminium alloy wheel hub
Are as follows: Si:3.3%, Mg:1.7%, Mn:0.5%, V:0.5%, Ti:0.62%, Zr:0.11%, RE:0.12%, surplus Al；
The RE is made of Yb, Pr, Nd, Sc, and the mass ratio of Yb, Pr, Nd, Sc are 1:0.3:0.6:0.8.
The manufacturing method of automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub is the same as embodiment 2.
Performance test:
Aluminium alloy wheel hub end properties made from above-described embodiment is tested, test result is as shown in table 1.
The performance of aluminium alloy wheel hub in each embodiment of table 1
As shown in Table 1, the present invention manufactures aluminium alloy wheel hub even tissue, densification, toughness is high, intensity is high, comprehensive
It has excellent performance, long service life has a good application prospect.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although with reference to the foregoing embodiments
Invention is explained in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still can be to aforementioned each implementation
Technical solution documented by example is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；And these modification or
Replacement, the spirit and scope for technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub, which is characterized in that the matter of each ingredient in the aluminium alloy wheel hub
Measure percentage are as follows: Si:3.3~4.8%, Mg:1.2~1.7%, Mn:0.45~0.7%, V:0.2~0.6%, Ti:0.35~
0.7%, Zr:0.05~0.13%, RE:0.05~0.12%, surplus Al；The RE is made of Yb, Pr, Nd, Sc, Yb, Pr,
The mass ratio of Nd, Sc are 1:0.2~0.6:0.3~0.8:0.6~1.2.
2. automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the aluminium alloy
The mass percent of each ingredient are as follows: Si:4.2%, Mg:1.35%, Mn:0.53%, V:0.34%, Ti:0.61%, Zr:
0.08%, RE:0.08%, surplus Al.
3. automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the aluminium alloy
The mass percent of each ingredient are as follows: Si:3.8%, Mg:1.63%, Mn:0.62%, V:0.46%, Ti:0.52%, Zr:
0.11%, RE:0.1%, surplus Al.
4. automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Yb, Pr,
The mass ratio of Nd, Sc are 1:0.5:0.5:1.
5. automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Yb, Pr,
The mass ratio of Nd, Sc are 1:0.3:0.6:0.8.
6. the manufacturing method of automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
It is characterized in that, comprising the following steps:
(1) melting: each raw material being put into vacuum melting furnace and carries out melting, in fusion process guarantee temperature of aluminum liquid be 750~
800 DEG C, the content of each element in molten aluminum is surveyed, and adjusts each element content to meeting recipe requirements；
(2) it refines: quickly being skimmed the dross on molten aluminum surface layer with spoon is skimmed, using spraying machine and use inert gas by refining agent
It sprays into molten aluminum, 6~10min, slagging-off is kept the temperature at 750~800 DEG C；
(3) it casts: the molten aluminum after refining being cast, aluminum alloy hub blank is obtained；
(4) solution treatment: sending aluminum alloy hub blank into solid solution furnace, is warming up to 545~555 with the speed of 20~30 DEG C/min
DEG C, keep the temperature 3.5~4.5h；It is quenched in the water using 40~50 DEG C；
(5) subzero treatment: since room temperature, the aluminium alloy wheel hub for completing solution treatment is cooling with the speed of 0.5~2 DEG C/min
- 190~-175 DEG C are cooled to -100~-80 DEG C, then with the speed of 4~10 DEG C/min, and keeps the temperature 3~6h, is being placed in room temperature
Under, it is warming up to room temperature；
(6) ageing treatment: the aluminium alloy wheel hub for completing subzero treatment is placed in low temperature oven, and temperature is risen to 100~110 DEG C,
3~5h of preageing is carried out, then temperature of low-oven is risen to 160~170 DEG C, 2~3h of ageing treatment, then be air-cooled to room temperature.
7. the manufacturing method of automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub according to claim 6, which is characterized in that institute
State the mass percent of each ingredient in refining agent are as follows: MgO:20~30%, KCl:20~30%, Yb2O3: 3~5.5%, CaC2:
15~25%, NaSiF6: 25~35%.
8. the manufacturing method of automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub according to claim 7, which is characterized in that institute
State the mass percent of each ingredient in refining agent are as follows: MgO:26%, KCl:22%, Yb2O3: 4%, CaC2: 20%, NaSiF6:
28%.
9. the manufacturing method of automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub according to claim 7, which is characterized in that institute
State 0.2~0.35% that refining agent dosage is molten aluminum weight.
10. the manufacturing method of automobile high-toughness high-strength aluminium alloy wheel hub according to claim 6, which is characterized in that
In the step (5), -190~-175 DEG C are cooled to the speed of 5.5~7 DEG C/min.
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| CN113308652A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-08-27 | 沈阳工业大学 | Corrosion-resistant strengthening process combining aluminum alloy regression and reaging and cryogenic treatment |
| WO2022160457A1 (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2022-08-04 | 山东省科学院新材料研究所 | Heat treatment strengthening process for aluminum and magnesium as-cast alloy and application thereof |
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