CN109245237B - Intelligent adaptation power supply and adaptation method thereof - Google Patents
Intelligent adaptation power supply and adaptation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109245237B CN109245237B CN201811301864.1A CN201811301864A CN109245237B CN 109245237 B CN109245237 B CN 109245237B CN 201811301864 A CN201811301864 A CN 201811301864A CN 109245237 B CN109245237 B CN 109245237B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 title description 7
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- HLUXBGATERNGEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-(5-methoxy-3,4-dihydro-2h-chromen-3-yl)-n-(4-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-7-yl)-n'-propylbutane-1,4-diamine Chemical compound C1OC2=CC=CC(OC)=C2CC1N(CCC)CCCCNC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C2=NON=C12 HLUXBGATERNGEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0024—Parallel/serial switching of connection of batteries to charge or load circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an intelligent adaptive power supply and an adaptive method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of power supplies. The power supply comprises at least two battery cell groups and an intelligent switching control device; the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each battery unit group are respectively and electrically connected with two ends of a charger/electric appliance plug-in interface through a positive electrode switching device and a negative electrode switching device, and the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes of the adjacent two battery unit groups are electrically connected through a switching device; the intelligent switching control device correspondingly controls each switching device according to whether the sampling end collects the relative high voltage or the relative low voltage, so that a required series or parallel power supply circuit is formed between the battery cell groups. Therefore, the battery pack, the electric tool and the charger interface can be completely generalized and standardized, the structure is simplified, the operation is convenient, and various faults caused by long-term use of the battery pack, the electric tool and the charger interface are completely avoided due to the fact that any mechanical switching device or switching link is not needed, and the safety and the reliability are ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a portable power supply, in particular to an intelligent adaptive power supply, and also relates to an adaptive method thereof, belonging to the technical field of power supply.
Background
In recent years, with the development of the manufacturing industry of electric devices such as electric tools, it is desired that a portable power supply constituted by a battery pack can satisfy the needs of supplying two or more kinds of power supply voltages or power supply powers in different occasions; for example, for power tools, it is desirable to be able to provide 36V in addition to the conventional 18V voltage. For this reason, the power supply has the following typical innovations:
the battery pack disclosed in the chinese patent application No. 201010145919.1 and No. 2010.04.12 is used for being connected with a cordless electrical device to discharge and provide power for the cordless electrical device, and the battery pack can provide two or more voltages or capacities for the cordless electrical device. The electrical devices of different voltages may be powered so that the battery pack may be used for electrical devices of different rated voltages.
Further, chinese patent application No. 201580011830.7, filing date 2015-03-06 discloses an assembly of a power tool and a battery pack including a battery pack for connection with the power tool to provide power for operation of the power tool when connected. The battery pack includes a plurality of power unit cells and is provided with connection means to allow power to be selectively supplied from the battery pack to the power tool at least a first or second voltage level.
Also, U.S. patent No. 9406915B, 2015.5.18 discloses a power tool system comprising: a first power tool having a low power tool voltage rating; a second power tool having a medium power tool rated voltage that is higher than the low power tool rated voltage; a third power tool having a high power tool rated voltage that is higher than the medium power tool rated voltage; a first battery pack having a low power battery pack rated voltage corresponding to a low power tool rated voltage of the first power tool; and a switchable battery pack operable in a first configuration state, the switchable battery pack having a first switchable battery pack voltage rating corresponding to the first power tool voltage rating, and in a second configuration state, the switchable battery pack having a second switchable battery pack voltage rating corresponding to the second power tool voltage rating, wherein the first battery pack is coupleable with the first power tool to enable operation of the first power tool, the switchable battery pack is coupleable with the first power tool to enable operation of the first power tool in the first configuration state, the switchable battery pack is coupleable with the second power tool to enable operation of the second power tool in the second configuration state, and the plurality of switchable battery packs are coupleable with the third power tool to enable operation of the third power tool.
The prior art realizes that different power requirements are met by the same portable power supply through the internal circuit switching of the power utilization device, the power supply terminal switching of the battery pack and the adaptive switching angle when the battery pack and the power supply terminal are spliced, but the switching of the serial-parallel circuit is realized by means of mechanical links such as an operation change-over switch, so that the device has the advantages of complex structure, inconvenient operation, difficulty in realizing the universalization of battery packs, electric tools and charger interfaces, and poor long-term use reliability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, an intelligent adaptive power supply capable of identifying the rated voltage of a charger/an electric appliance and automatically switching to corresponding working voltage is provided, so that the convenience and the reliability of use are remarkably improved, and a corresponding adaptation method is provided.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the basic technical scheme of the intelligent adaptive power supply provided by the invention is as follows: comprises at least two battery cell groups and an intelligent switching control device;
the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each battery unit group are respectively and electrically connected with two ends of a charger/electric appliance plug-in interface through a positive electrode switching device and a negative electrode switching device, and the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes of the adjacent two battery unit groups are electrically connected through a switching device;
the sampling end of the intelligent switching control device and the charger/electric appliance plug-in interface form a voltage identification loop;
the control output end of the intelligent switching control device is respectively connected with the controlled ends of the positive electrode switching device, the negative electrode switching device and the switching device;
the intelligent device comprises
Judging and identifying device, which is used to judge whether the sampling end collects the relative high voltage or the relative low voltage, if the sampling end judges the relative high voltage, starting the series control device, if the sampling end judges the relative low voltage, starting the parallel control device;
the parallel control device is used for outputting control signals, opening each positive electrode switching device, each negative electrode switching device and closing the switching device to form a parallel power supply circuit of the battery unit group;
and the serial control device is used for outputting a control signal, closing a negative electrode switching device of the front-stage battery cell group and a positive electrode switching device of the adjacent rear-stage battery cell group, and opening a switching device to form a serial power supply circuit of the battery cell group.
After the invention is adopted, the battery pack is spliced with the charger/electric appliance (electric tool or electric machine, etc.) interface as required, and the intelligent device automatically realizes intelligent adaptation according to the following steps:
judging the identification step, namely judging whether the sampling end collects the relative high voltage or the relative low voltage, if the sampling end judges the relative high voltage, performing the series control step, and if the sampling end judges the relative low voltage, performing the parallel control step;
a parallel control step, namely outputting a control signal, starting each positive electrode switching device, each negative electrode switching device and closing the switching device to form a parallel power supply circuit of the battery unit group;
and a series control step, namely outputting a control signal, closing a negative electrode switching device of the front-stage battery cell group and a positive electrode switching device of the adjacent rear-stage battery cell group, and opening a switching device to form a series power supply circuit of the battery cell group.
Therefore, the interfaces of the battery pack, the electric tool and the charger can be fully generalized and standardized, the structure is simplified, the operation is convenient, and the faults caused by long-term use of the battery pack, the electric tool and the charger are completely avoided as no mechanical switching device or switching link is needed, so that the safety and the reliability are ensured.
The invention further discloses an equalization control circuit which is formed by equalizing switch devices which are respectively connected with corresponding control terminal pins of the intelligent charge-discharge control device through controlled terminals between two ends of each battery unit in the battery unit group.
The invention further discloses a battery charging control terminal pin and a battery discharging control terminal pin of the intelligent charging control device are respectively connected with a charging control switching device and a controlled end of the discharging control switching device which are connected in series in a battery charging and discharging loop.
The intelligent switching control device is provided with a charging control terminal pin and a discharging control terminal pin, wherein the charging control terminal pin is connected with the charging control terminal pin and the discharging control terminal pin of the corresponding intelligent charging control device respectively.
In the invention, the sampling end of the intelligent switching control device is connected with a high level through a voltage dividing resistor, and the midpoint of the voltage dividing resistor is connected with the sampling end of the plug-in interface of the charge-discharge device to form a voltage identification loop with the grounding resistor.
The invention further comprises a power supply awakening circuit which is mainly composed of a voltage stabilizing chip for controlling the power on of the switching device group, wherein the controlled end of the switching device group is connected with a charger/electric appliance plug-in interface, the output end of the voltage stabilizing chip is connected with the power supply terminal pin of the intelligent switching control device, and the power supply maintaining terminal pin of the intelligent switching control device is connected with the controlled end of the switching device group.
The invention further comprises a key electric quantity display circuit, wherein one end of a key switch of the key electric quantity display circuit is connected with an electric quantity checking terminal pin of the intelligent switching control device, the electric quantity display terminal pins of the intelligent switching control device are respectively connected with corresponding display light emitting diodes, and one end of the key switch is also connected with a controlled end of a power supply awakening circuit switch device group through a power supply maintaining terminal pin of the intelligent switching control device.
The invention further comprises a temperature monitoring circuit, wherein the temperature monitoring circuit is provided with a temperature-sensitive sensor positioned in the battery unit group, and the signal output end of the temperature-sensitive sensor is connected with the temperature monitoring terminal pin of the intelligent switching control device.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a battery pack portion according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a control circuit portion of the embodiment of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the interfaces P1 and P4 of the intelligent adaptive power supply of this embodiment are respectively connected to the first and second 18V series-connected battery cell groups, the positive and negative poles of the two battery cell groups are respectively electrically connected to both ends of the universal charger/consumer interface P2 through the morse tubes Q2 and Q4, Q17 and Q19 as positive pole switching devices (including single device and combined device) and the morse tubes Q11 and Q14 and Q24 as negative pole switching devices, and the positive and negative poles of the two battery cell groups are electrically connected through the morse tubes Q15-Q16 as switching combination devices.
The two ends of each battery unit in the first 18V battery unit group connected by the interface P1 are respectively connected by equalization switch devices (Morse tubes) Q3, Q5, Q7, Q9 and Q10 of corresponding control terminal pins 14-22 of a controlled termination intelligent charge-discharge control device (a lithium battery management chip) U1 (R5432V 404 BA), so as to form an equalization control circuit, and the battery unit can be short-circuited when the charge and discharge of each battery unit reach a preset voltage through the control of the on-off state of the corresponding Morse tube, thereby keeping the charge and discharge states of each battery unit basically balanced and consistent.
The charge control terminal pin 3 and the discharge control terminal pin 6 of the intelligent charge-discharge control device U1 of the first battery unit group are respectively connected with the controlled ends of a charge control switch device (Morse tube) Q13 and a discharge control switch device (Morse tube) Q12 which are connected in series in a battery charge-discharge loop. The intelligent charge-discharge control device U4 of the second battery cell line has the same circuit structure as that of U1 described above, and so on.
Therefore, when any battery is charged to a preset value (for example, 4.25V), the 3 pins of U1 and U4 output low level, and corresponding Q13 and Q26 are respectively closed to form charge protection; when any battery is discharged to reach a preset value (for example, 2.50V), the output of the 6 pins of U1 and U4 is low, and the corresponding Q12 and Q25 are respectively closed, so that discharge protection is formed.
The intelligent switching control device U3 adopted in the embodiment adopts an MCU with the model PIC16F15354, a sampling end 9 pin of the intelligent switching control device is connected with a high level VDD through voltage dividing resistors R38 and R39, and the middle points of the voltage dividing resistors R38 and R39 are connected with a sampling end of a charging and discharging device plug-in interface P2 to form a voltage identification loop with a grounding resistor R21.
The control output terminal pins 11-15 of the intelligent switching control device are respectively connected with the Morse tubes Q2 and Q4 of the positive electrode switching device, the Morse tubes Q17 and Q19 of the negative electrode switching device, the Morse tubes Q11 and Q14 of the negative electrode switching device, the control terminal pins of the switching devices Q15-Q16.
After the plug interface P2 is plugged into a plug interface corresponding to a charger/electric appliance (such as an electric tool or an electric machine tool), the intelligent switching control device MCU automatically realizes intelligent adaptation according to the following steps:
judging and identifying, namely judging whether the plugged charger or electric appliance is at a relatively high voltage of 36V or a relatively low voltage of 18V according to the collected end voltage of the grounding resistor, if the charger or electric appliance is at the relatively high voltage of 36V, performing a series control step, and if the charger or electric appliance is at the relatively low voltage of 18V, performing a parallel control step;
a parallel control step, namely outputting a control signal, opening positive electrode switching devices Q2 and Q4, Q17 and Q19 and negative electrode switching devices Q11 and Q14 and Q24 of two groups of battery units, and closing switching devices Q15-Q16, so as to form an 18V power supply circuit for connecting the two groups of battery units in parallel;
and a series control step, namely outputting a control signal, closing negative electrode switching devices Q11 and Q14 of the front-stage battery cell group and positive electrode switching devices Q17 and Q19 of the adjacent rear-stage battery cell group, and opening switching devices Q15-Q16 to form a 36V power supply circuit for connecting two groups of battery cells in series.
Therefore, the automatic identification is realized, and the corresponding working voltage of the electric tool or the charger is provided, so that the electric tool or the charger is very convenient and reliable.
The charger/electric appliance interface P2 of this embodiment has a communication port, the intelligent switching control device U3 also has a charge/discharge control function, its charge/discharge control terminal pins 2, 3, 4, 5 are respectively connected to the charge control terminal pin 3 and the discharge control terminal pin 6 of the corresponding intelligent charge/discharge control devices U1, U4, and U3 has communication terminal pins 17, 18 connected to the communication ports of the charge/discharge device interfaces P1, P4, so that during operation, according to the judgment of the states of the 3, 6 terminal pins of U1, U4, the communication terminal pins communicate with the charger or electric appliance, and send instruction signals for corresponding protection by the charger or discharger, thereby realizing dual protection of charging or discharging together with U1, U4.
In addition, this embodiment further includes:
1) The power supply awakening circuit shown in the upper part of fig. 2 mainly comprises an L78M05CDT voltage stabilizing chip U2 which is formed by two triodes Q6 and Q1 and is controlled to be electrified, a controlled end of the switching device group is connected with a charger/electric appliance plug-in interface P2, an output end of the voltage stabilizing chip is connected with a power supply terminal pin of an intelligent switching control device MCU, and a power supply maintaining terminal pin 25 of the intelligent switching control device MCU is connected with a controlled end of the switching device group. Therefore, when the charger or the electric appliance is inserted instantly, the Q6 is conducted, the voltage stabilizing chip is directly activated to supply power to the MCU through the Q1, and then the MCU maintains the power supply through the 25 terminal pins.
2) The key electric quantity display circuit shown in the right lower part of fig. 2, one end of the key switch K1 of the circuit is connected with the electric quantity checking terminal pin 24 of the intelligent switching control device MCU, and the electric quantity display terminal pins 21, 22 and 23 of the intelligent switching control device MCU are respectively connected with the corresponding display light emitting diodes D4, D5 and D6, so that the electric quantity of a battery can be checked when needed, and one end of the key switch K1 is also connected with the controlled end of the power supply wake-up circuit switch device group through the terminal pin 26 of the intelligent switching control device MCU, so that the key switch can maintain the power supply circuit through the terminal pin 26 pin of the MCU while displaying the electric quantity operation until the set dormancy is powered off, thereby playing a role in energy saving.
3) The temperature monitoring circuit shown in the middle part at the left lower part of fig. 2 comprises a temperature-sensitive sensor TH1 positioned in the battery unit group, and the signal output end of the temperature monitoring circuit is connected with the temperature monitoring terminal pin 10 of the intelligent switching control device MCU, so that the temperature change of the charging and discharging of the battery unit group can be sent to a charger/electric appliance through a communication port, and further corresponding control is performed.
In summary, the embodiment organically combines the switching control and the charge-discharge control of the two-stage intelligent devices, so that the embodiment has the following characteristics:
1. the power supply switching device can automatically detect the connection and the insertion of a battery power supply, and provides corresponding power supply voltage through a control group of switching devices and a battery unit group according to the judgment of voltage requirements.
2. The lithium battery autonomous management functions such as current balance and the like can be realized through detecting the current of the battery unit group.
3. The charge process comprises the steps of judging COU1 and COU2, and judging DOU1 and DOU2 in the discharge process; in the charging process, the 2 pin and the 4 pin of the U3 respectively monitor the level change of the 3 pin of the U1 and the 3 pin of the U4, and when the level change is monitored, data is sent to the charger through the communication port to realize the turn-off control; in the discharging process, the 3 pin and the 5 pin of the U3 respectively monitor the level change of the 6 pin of the U1 and the U4, and when the level change is monitored, data is sent to the electric appliance through the communication port to realize the turn-off control; and, U3 can transmit all monitoring information (voltage, electric current, battery type, temperature, etc.) in the battery pack to the charger or the electric appliance through the communication port, so as to carry out corresponding real-time control.
4. The charging and discharging temperature change of the system can be detected in real time through the detection temperature sensor TH1, and corresponding control is judged and prompted.
5. The information of the battery unit group type, voltage, temperature and the like can be communicated with the charger/electric appliance at any time to perform data exchange and corresponding control by division, so that a multiple safety guarantee system is formed.
6. The wake-up activation of power supply can be realized in various flexible modes, and the energy-saving effect is remarkable.
7. The electric quantity display function is realized, the electric quantity of the battery unit group is displayed by means of the LED according to the judgment of the voltage through key control.
In addition to the embodiments described above, other embodiments of the invention are possible. For example, the switching device may be other electronic control devices such as a relay, in addition to the morse tube; for another example, because the MCU has a communication function, the serial and parallel control of the battery unit group can also complete switching control through peripheral (charger/electric appliance) communication; for another example, the battery cell group may be two or more groups. All technical schemes formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. An intelligent adaptive power supply, includes two at least battery cell group, its characterized in that: the intelligent switching control device is also included;
the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each battery unit group are respectively and electrically connected with two ends of a charger/electric appliance plug-in interface through a positive electrode switching device and a negative electrode switching device, and the positive electrodes and the negative electrodes of the adjacent two battery unit groups are electrically connected through a switching device;
the sampling end of the intelligent switching control device and the charger/electric appliance plug-in interface form a voltage identification loop;
the control output end of the intelligent switching control device is respectively connected with the controlled ends of the positive electrode switching device, the negative electrode switching device and the switching device;
the intelligent switching control device comprises
Judging and identifying device, which is used to judge whether the sampling end collects the relative high voltage or the relative low voltage, if the sampling end judges the relative high voltage, starting the series control device, if the sampling end judges the relative low voltage, starting the parallel control device;
the parallel control device is used for outputting control signals, opening each positive electrode switching device, each negative electrode switching device and closing the switching device to form a parallel power supply circuit of the battery unit group;
a serial control device for outputting control signals, closing the negative electrode switch device of the front-stage battery unit group and the positive electrode switch device of the adjacent rear-stage battery unit group, and opening the switch device to form a serial power supply circuit of the battery unit group,
the two ends of each battery unit in the battery unit group are respectively connected with an equalization switch device of the corresponding control terminal pin of the intelligent charge-discharge control device through a controlled terminal to form an equalization control circuit,
the charge control terminal pin and the discharge control terminal pin of the intelligent charge-discharge control device are respectively connected with the charge control switch device and the controlled end of the discharge control switch device which are connected in series in the charge-discharge loop of the battery,
the charger/electric appliance plug-in interface is provided with a communication port, the intelligent switching control device is provided with a communication terminal pin connected with the communication port of the charger/electric appliance plug-in interface, and the charging and discharging control terminal pin of the intelligent switching control device is respectively connected with the charging control terminal pin and the discharging control terminal pin of the corresponding intelligent charging and discharging control device.
2. The intelligent adapted power supply of claim 1, wherein: the sampling end of the intelligent switching control device is connected with a high level through a voltage dividing resistor, the middle point of the voltage dividing resistor is connected with the sampling end of the plug-in interface of the charge-discharge device, and a voltage identification loop is formed with the grounding resistor.
3. The intelligent adapted power supply of claim 2, wherein: the power supply wake-up circuit is mainly composed of a voltage stabilizing chip which is electrified by a switch device group, the controlled end of the switch device group is connected with a charger/electrical appliance plug-in interface, the output end of the voltage stabilizing chip is connected with the power supply terminal pin of the intelligent switching control device, and the power supply maintaining terminal pin of the intelligent switching control device is connected with the controlled end of the switching device group.
4. The intelligent adapted power supply of claim 3, wherein: the intelligent switching control device is characterized by further comprising a key electric quantity display circuit, wherein one end of a key switch of the key electric quantity display circuit is connected with an electric quantity checking terminal pin of the intelligent switching control device, the electric quantity display terminal pins of the intelligent switching control device are respectively connected with corresponding display light emitting diodes, and one end of the key switch is also connected with a controlled end of a power supply awakening circuit switch device group through a power supply maintaining terminal pin of the intelligent switching control device.
5. The intelligent adapted power supply of claim 4, wherein: the intelligent switching control device also comprises a temperature monitoring circuit, wherein the temperature monitoring circuit is provided with a temperature-sensitive sensor positioned in the battery unit group, and the signal output end of the temperature-sensitive sensor is connected with a temperature monitoring terminal pin of the intelligent switching control device.
6. The adapting method of the intelligent adapting power supply according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that when the battery pack is connected with the electric tool or the charger interface in an inserting way, the intelligent switching control device automatically realizes intelligent adapting according to the following steps:
judging the identification step, namely judging whether the sampling end collects the relative high voltage or the relative low voltage, if the sampling end judges the relative high voltage, performing the series control step, and if the sampling end judges the relative low voltage, performing the parallel control step;
a parallel control step, namely outputting a control signal, starting each positive electrode switching device, each negative electrode switching device and closing the switching device to form a parallel power supply circuit of the battery unit group;
and a series control step, namely outputting a control signal, closing a negative electrode switching device of the front-stage battery cell group and a positive electrode switching device of the adjacent rear-stage battery cell group, and opening a switching device to form a series power supply circuit of the battery cell group.
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