CN109242719B - Photovoltaic module installation angle determining method and device, computer equipment and storage medium - Google Patents

Photovoltaic module installation angle determining method and device, computer equipment and storage medium Download PDF

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CN109242719B
CN109242719B CN201811056763.2A CN201811056763A CN109242719B CN 109242719 B CN109242719 B CN 109242719B CN 201811056763 A CN201811056763 A CN 201811056763A CN 109242719 B CN109242719 B CN 109242719B
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preset
horizontal plane
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刘霞
黄猛
全建明
黄松欢
刘爽
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Gree Electric Appliances Inc of Zhuhai
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Abstract

The application relates to a photovoltaic module installation angle determining method and device, computer equipment and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a centralized use time period and geographical position information of the photovoltaic module; determining horizontal plane radiation quantity in a centralized use time period according to the geographical position information; respectively converting the horizontal plane radiant quantity into inclined plane total radiant quantity corresponding to each installation angle according to the geographical position information, the inclination angle in the preset inclination angle set and the installation angle matched with the azimuth angle in the preset azimuth angle set; generating a contour map according to the total radiation quantity of the inclined plane corresponding to each installation angle; and searching a contour line corresponding to a preset radiant quantity reference value in the contour line graph, and determining a floating range of the inclination angle and a floating range of the azimuth angle corresponding to the searched contour line to obtain an installation angle adjusting range of the photovoltaic module. By the adoption of the photovoltaic power generation system, the generated energy of the photovoltaic system can meet the requirements of users, and the photovoltaic power generation system is more flexible to install.

Description

Photovoltaic module installation angle determining method and device, computer equipment and storage medium
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of solar energy, in particular to a method and a device for determining a mounting angle of a photovoltaic module, computer equipment and a storage medium.
Background
When photovoltaic modules in a photovoltaic system are designed and installed, under the condition that conditions allow, the photovoltaic modules are generally installed towards the south according to the position of the optimal installation angle, so that the energy conversion rate of the photovoltaic modules is optimal, and the power generation amount of the photovoltaic system is optimal. Wherein the mounting angle comprises a tilt angle and an azimuth angle; the inclination angle is an included angle between the photovoltaic module and an installation horizontal plane, and the azimuth angle is an included angle between a projection of a normal line of the inclined plane of the photovoltaic module on the installation horizontal plane and a local meridian line.
However, in actual installation, especially for installation of photovoltaic modules of photovoltaic air conditioners and household photovoltaic systems, the installation cannot be performed according to an optimal installation angle due to limitations of factors such as building orientation, building roof area, building shape, shadow shielding and investment saving, and the installation angle required by a user is greatly deviated from an actual installation angle, so that the power generation amount of the photovoltaic system cannot meet the requirements of the user.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a photovoltaic module installation angle determining method, apparatus, computer device and storage medium capable of improving the energy conversion rate of a photovoltaic module, in order to solve the technical problem that the energy conversion rate of the photovoltaic module which cannot be installed at an optimal installation angle is low.
A photovoltaic module installation angle determination method, the method comprising:
acquiring a centralized use time period of the photovoltaic module and geographical position information of a position to be installed;
determining horizontal plane radiation quantity in the centralized use time period according to the geographical position information;
according to the geographical position information, and a plurality of different installation angles matched by the inclination angle in the preset inclination angle set and the azimuth angle in the preset azimuth angle set, respectively converting the horizontal plane radiant quantity in the centralized use time period into the total inclined plane radiant quantity corresponding to each installation angle;
generating a contour map according to the total radiant quantity of the inclined plane corresponding to each installation angle by taking the same total radiant quantity of the inclined plane as an equivalent point;
and searching a contour line corresponding to a preset radiant quantity reference value in the contour line graph, and determining a floating range of an inclination angle and a floating range of an azimuth angle corresponding to the searched contour line to obtain an installation angle adjusting range of the photovoltaic module.
A photovoltaic module installation angle determination apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
the information acquisition module is used for acquiring the centralized use time period of the photovoltaic module and the geographical position information of the position to be installed;
the horizontal plane radiant quantity calculation module is used for determining the horizontal plane radiant quantity in the centralized use time period according to the geographical position information;
the total radiant quantity calculation module of the inclined plane is used for converting the horizontal plane radiant quantity in the centralized use time period into the total radiant quantity of the inclined plane corresponding to each installation angle according to the geographical position information, the inclination angle in the preset inclination angle set and a plurality of different installation angles matched with the azimuth angle in the preset azimuth angle set;
the contour map generation module is used for generating a contour map according to the total radiant quantity of the inclined plane corresponding to each installation angle by taking the same total radiant quantity of the inclined plane as an equivalence point;
and the mounting angle adjustment range determining module is used for searching a contour line corresponding to a preset radiant quantity reference value in the contour line graph, determining a floating range of an inclination angle and a floating range of an azimuth angle corresponding to the searched contour line, and obtaining the mounting angle adjustment range of the photovoltaic module.
A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, the processor implementing the following steps when executing the computer program:
acquiring a centralized use time period of the photovoltaic module and geographical position information of a position to be installed;
determining horizontal plane radiation quantity in the centralized use time period according to the geographical position information;
according to the geographical position information, and a plurality of different installation angles matched by the inclination angle in the preset inclination angle set and the azimuth angle in the preset azimuth angle set, respectively converting the horizontal plane radiant quantity in the centralized use time period into the total inclined plane radiant quantity corresponding to each installation angle;
generating a contour map according to the total radiant quantity of the inclined plane corresponding to each installation angle by taking the same total radiant quantity of the inclined plane as an equivalent point;
and searching a contour line corresponding to a preset radiant quantity reference value in the contour line graph, and determining a floating range of an inclination angle and a floating range of an azimuth angle corresponding to the searched contour line to obtain an installation angle adjusting range of the photovoltaic module.
A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when executed by a processor, carries out the steps of:
acquiring a centralized use time period of the photovoltaic module and geographical position information of a position to be installed;
determining horizontal plane radiation quantity in the centralized use time period according to the geographical position information;
according to the geographical position information, and a plurality of different installation angles matched by the inclination angle in the preset inclination angle set and the azimuth angle in the preset azimuth angle set, respectively converting the horizontal plane radiant quantity in the centralized use time period into the total inclined plane radiant quantity corresponding to each installation angle;
generating a contour map according to the total radiant quantity of the inclined plane corresponding to each installation angle by taking the same total radiant quantity of the inclined plane as an equivalent point;
and searching a contour line corresponding to a preset radiant quantity reference value in the contour line graph, and determining a floating range of an inclination angle and a floating range of an azimuth angle corresponding to the searched contour line to obtain an installation angle adjusting range of the photovoltaic module.
According to the photovoltaic module installation angle determining method, the photovoltaic module installation angle determining device, the computer equipment and the storage medium, the horizontal plane radiation amount in the centralized use time period of the photovoltaic module is determined according to the geographical position information of the position to be installed, the horizontal plane radiation amount is converted into the total radiation amount of the inclined plane corresponding to the installation angle matched with each inclination angle and azimuth angle, the contour map with the same total radiation amount of the inclined plane as an equivalence point is generated, the contour line corresponding to the preset radiation amount reference value is searched, and the floating range of the inclination angle and the floating range of the azimuth angle corresponding to the searched contour line are determined to obtain the installation angle adjusting range. Because the amount of the solar radiation received by the inclined surface of the photovoltaic component can affect the electric energy converted by the photovoltaic component, and thus the electric energy generated by a photovoltaic system where the photovoltaic component is located is affected, the contour line is searched according to the set preset radiation reference value, and the installation angle adjustment range corresponding to the searched contour line is determined, so that the finally determined installation angle adjustment range can meet the radiation amount corresponding to the preset radiation reference value. Therefore, the photovoltaic module is installed by adopting the inclination angle and the azimuth angle within the finally determined installation angle adjustment range, so that the radiation quantity received by the inclined plane of the photovoltaic module can meet the radiation quantity corresponding to the preset radiation quantity reference value, and the power generation quantity of the photovoltaic system can meet the requirements of users. Moreover, the installation angle adjusting range can correspond to a plurality of inclination angles and a plurality of azimuth angles, and the selectable range is wide, so that the photovoltaic module is more flexibly installed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a photovoltaic module at an oblique angle;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for determining a mounting angle of a photovoltaic module according to one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart illustrating an embodiment of finding a contour corresponding to a preset radiation reference value in a contour map, determining a floating range of an inclination angle and a floating range of an azimuth angle corresponding to the found contour, and obtaining an adjustment range of an installation angle of a photovoltaic module;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart illustrating an embodiment of finding a contour corresponding to a preset radiation reference value in a contour map, determining a floating range of an inclination angle and a floating range of an azimuth angle corresponding to the found contour, and obtaining an adjustment range of an installation angle of a photovoltaic module;
FIG. 5 is a contour plot in one embodiment;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a photovoltaic module installation angle determining apparatus in one embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an internal structure of a computer device according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
The inclination angle in this application, be the contained angle between photovoltaic module and the horizontal plane of installation photovoltaic module. For example, as shown in fig. 1, L is a photovoltaic module, h is the height of the photovoltaic module from the horizontal plane on which the photovoltaic module is mounted, and β is the tilt angle. The azimuth angle in this application refers to the azimuth angle of photovoltaic module, is the contained angle of the projection of the normal on the horizontal plane of installation photovoltaic module on the inclined plane of photovoltaic module and local meridian.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a method for determining a mounting angle of a photovoltaic module is provided, which is described by taking the method as an example for a terminal, and includes the following steps:
s110: and acquiring the centralized use time period of the photovoltaic module and the geographical position information of the position to be installed.
Photovoltaic modules can convert solar energy into electrical energy. When the photovoltaic module is applied to photovoltaic systems in different use environments, the use amount of electric energy converted by the photovoltaic module is different; for example, when the photovoltaic module is applied to a conventional photovoltaic system, the use amount of the electric energy converted by the photovoltaic module is relatively average all the year round, and when the photovoltaic module is applied to an air-conditioning photovoltaic system, the use amount of the electric energy converted by the photovoltaic module is relatively large in summer and winter. The centralized use time period of the photovoltaic module refers to a time period in which the electric energy converted by the photovoltaic module is used in large quantities. The geographic position information is information describing the geographic position of an object on the earth; the geographical position information of the position to be installed of the photovoltaic module refers to geographical position information of the position where the photovoltaic module needs to be installed.
Specifically, the terminal may receive a centralized use time period input by a user, or may receive an application type of the photovoltaic module input by the user and search for the centralized use time period corresponding to the received application type. The application type refers to the type of the use environment in which the photovoltaic module is applied. The terminal can receive the geographical position information input by the user, and also can receive the position to be installed input by the user and determine the geographical position information of the position to be installed according to the automatic positioning technology.
S130: and determining the horizontal plane radiation amount in the centralized use time period according to the geographical position information.
The horizontal plane radiant quantity is the solar radiant quantity received on the horizontal plane of the position to be installed corresponding to the geographical position information. Specifically, the terminal may simulate the amount of solar radiation received on a horizontal plane of the to-be-installed location in clear sky to obtain the amount of horizontal plane radiation, or may obtain the amount of horizontal plane radiation within the use time period according to local radiation data corresponding to the collected geographic location information.
S150: and respectively converting the horizontal plane radiant quantity in the centralized use time period into the total radiant quantity of the inclined plane corresponding to each installation angle according to the geographical position information, the inclination angle in the preset inclination angle set and a plurality of different installation angles matched with the azimuth angle in the preset azimuth angle set.
The preset inclination angle set refers to a set composed of inclination angles within a preset inclination angle range, and the preset azimuth angle set refers to a set composed of azimuth angles within a preset azimuth angle range. The preset inclination angle range can be set according to the range of the actually allowed inclination angle, and the preset azimuth angle range can be set according to the range of the actually allowed azimuth angle. Specifically, one inclination angle is collocated with one azimuth angle, corresponding to one mounting angle. The installation angle can be obtained by matching one inclination angle with a plurality of azimuth angles, a plurality of inclination angles with one azimuth angle, a plurality of inclination angles and a plurality of azimuth angles. If any one of the inclination angle and the azimuth angle corresponding to the two mounting angles is different, the two mounting angles are different.
The total radiant quantity of the inclined plane corresponding to the installation angle refers to the total radiant quantity received by the inclined plane on which the photovoltaic module receives solar radiation when the photovoltaic module is installed according to the installation angle. Specifically, the terminal converts the horizontal plane radiant quantity in the centralized use time period respectively according to the geographical position information and a plurality of different installation angles to obtain the total radiant quantity of the inclined plane corresponding to each installation angle.
S170: and generating a contour map according to the total radiant quantity of the inclined plane corresponding to each installation angle by taking the same total radiant quantity of the inclined plane as an equivalent point.
And taking the same total radiant quantity of the inclined plane as an equivalence point, and in the generated contour map, the total radiant quantity of the inclined plane corresponding to the same contour line is equal. Specifically, the terminal generates a contour map with the inclination angle and the azimuth angle as one of the abscissa and the ordinate, respectively.
S190: and searching a contour line corresponding to a preset radiant quantity reference value in the contour line graph, and determining a floating range of the inclination angle and a floating range of the azimuth angle corresponding to the searched contour line to obtain an installation angle adjusting range of the photovoltaic module.
The preset radiation reference value is a preset value, and can be a specific radiation amount or a data representing the percentage, such as percentage. The mounting angle adjustment range includes a floating range of the inclination angle and a floating range of the azimuth angle. The terminal searches a corresponding contour line according to a preset radiation reference value, and the total radiation of an inclined plane corresponding to the searched contour line can meet the set requirement; the terminal determines the floating range of the inclination angle and the floating range of the azimuth angle according to the searched contour line, and the floating range can meet the angle range of the total radiation quantity of the inclined plane corresponding to the contour line.
According to the method for determining the installation angle of the photovoltaic module, the horizontal plane radiation amount of the photovoltaic module in the centralized use time period is determined according to the geographic position information of the position to be installed, the horizontal plane radiation amount is converted into the total radiation amount of the inclined plane corresponding to the installation angle matched with each inclination angle and azimuth angle, a contour map taking the same total radiation amount of the inclined plane as an equivalence point is generated, a contour line corresponding to a preset radiation amount reference value is searched, and the floating range of the inclination angle and the floating range of the azimuth angle corresponding to the searched contour line are determined to obtain the installation angle adjusting range. Because the amount of the solar radiation received by the inclined surface of the photovoltaic component can affect the electric energy converted by the photovoltaic component, and thus the electric energy generated by a photovoltaic system where the photovoltaic component is located is affected, the contour line is searched according to the set preset radiation reference value, and the installation angle adjustment range corresponding to the searched contour line is determined, so that the finally determined installation angle adjustment range can meet the radiation amount corresponding to the preset radiation reference value. Therefore, the photovoltaic module is installed by adopting the inclination angle and the azimuth angle within the finally determined installation angle adjustment range, so that the radiation quantity received by the inclined plane of the photovoltaic module can meet the radiation quantity corresponding to the preset radiation quantity reference value, and the power generation quantity of the photovoltaic system can meet the requirements of users. Moreover, the installation angle adjusting range can correspond to a plurality of inclination angles and a plurality of azimuth angles, and the selectable range is wide, so that the photovoltaic module is more flexibly installed.
The method and the device can be used for determining the adjustment range of the installation angle based on the preset radiant quantity reference value when the photovoltaic module cannot be installed according to the theoretical optimal inclination angle and the optimal azimuth angle. Moreover, what this application confirms is the erection angle adjustment range, is the erection angle adjustment range in the concentrated use time quantum to photovoltaic module, and is effectual.
In one embodiment, the predetermined inclination angle ranges from 0 to 90 °, and the predetermined azimuth angle ranges from-180 ° to +180 °. Correspondingly, the preset inclination angle set is a set formed by a plurality of inclination angles within 0-90 degrees, and the preset azimuth angle set is a set formed by a plurality of azimuth angles within-180 degrees to +180 degrees. And matching an inclination angle within 0-90 degrees and an azimuth angle within-180 degrees to +180 degrees to obtain an installation angle.
In one embodiment, the interval between adjacent angles of inclination within the set of predetermined angles of inclination is 5 ° and the interval between adjacent angles of azimuth within the set of predetermined angles of azimuth is 5 °. By taking the inclination angle within the preset inclination angle range according to the 5-degree interval and taking the azimuth angle within the preset azimuth angle range according to the 5-degree interval, each inclination angle within the preset inclination angle range and each azimuth angle within the preset azimuth angle range can be considered as much as possible, and meanwhile, the problem of complex processing caused by over-small data interval and small difference is avoided. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments the spacing may be other values, such as 3 °.
In one embodiment, the geographic location information includes a latitude. The horizontal plane radiation amount includes a horizontal plane direct radiation amount and a horizontal plane scattered radiation amount. Correspondingly, step S130 includes: calculating the solar zenith angle of each moment in each date in the centralized use time period according to the latitude; and according to the solar zenith angle at each moment, calculating by adopting a clear sky radiation calculation model to obtain the horizontal plane direct radiation quantity and the horizontal plane scattered radiation quantity at each moment.
The clear sky radiation calculation model is a calculation model for simulating the amount of solar radiation received in a horizontal plane under clear sky, and examples thereof include an Ashrae model and a Hottel model. The traditional photovoltaic system needs to use local radiation data for selecting the installation angle, and although modern measurement and satellite technology are rapidly developed, many areas cannot acquire the radiation data, so that the use of a radiation data-based mode is limited. In the embodiment, the terminal calculates the solar zenith angle according to the latitude, calculates the horizontal plane direct radiation amount and the horizontal plane scattered radiation amount at each moment according to the solar zenith angle and by adopting a clear sky radiation calculation model, does not need to use local radiation data, and is simpler, faster and more reliable.
Specifically, calculating the solar zenith angle at each time in each day in the concentrated use time period according to the latitude may include: calculating the solar declination angle of each date in the centralized use time period; and calculating the solar zenith angle of each time in each date according to the latitude and the solar declination angle of each date.
The solar declination angle is only related to which day of the year and is independent of the place, so the solar declination angle can be calculated according to the use time period. The terminal can calculate the solar declination angle of each date in the centralized use time period by adopting the existing solar declination angle approximate calculation method. The terminal can calculate the sun zenith angle at each moment in each date corresponding to the latitude by adopting a sun zenith angle calculation method.
In one embodiment, the clear sky radiation calculation model is an ASHRAE model. Correspondingly, according to the solar zenith angle at each moment, a step of calculating the horizontal plane direct radiation quantity and the horizontal plane scattered radiation quantity at each moment by adopting a clear sky radiation calculation model comprises the following steps: respectively calculating to obtain the vertical plane direct radiation quantity of the plane perpendicular to the solar ray at each moment according to the solar zenith angle at each moment, and the first preset coefficient and the second preset coefficient at the corresponding moment; respectively calculating the horizontal plane direct radiation amount at each moment according to the vertical plane direct radiation amount at each moment and the solar zenith angle at the corresponding moment; and respectively calculating the horizontal plane scattered radiation quantity at each moment according to the vertical plane direct radiation quantity at each moment and the preset scattered radiation coefficient at the corresponding moment.
The first preset coefficient, the second preset coefficient and the preset scattering radiation coefficient are stored data. Specifically, the terminal may store a first preset coefficient, a second preset coefficient, and a preset scattering radiation coefficient at different fixed times, and search for the first preset coefficient, the second preset coefficient, and the preset scattering radiation coefficient at the fixed time to which the current time belongs, to obtain the first preset coefficient, the second preset coefficient, and the preset scattering radiation coefficient corresponding to the current time. By adopting the ASHRAE model to directly calculate the radiation quantity on the horizontal plane, local radiation data does not need to be used, and the accuracy is high.
For example, the fixed time may be a month, 12 months respectively correspond to the first preset coefficient, the second preset coefficient and the preset scattered radiation coefficient, and the first preset coefficient, the second preset coefficient and the preset scattered radiation coefficient of the same month may be the same. The fixed time can also be each day of a month, and each day of 12 different months corresponds to the first preset coefficient, the second preset coefficient and the preset scattered radiation coefficient. As shown in table 1 below, a first preset coefficient, a second preset coefficient and a preset scattered radiation coefficient are given for each month number 21, where Am is the first preset coefficient, Bm is the second preset coefficient, and Cm is the preset scattered radiation coefficient.
TABLE 1
Month Am(W m-2) Bm Cm
Jan.21 1,229.475 0.142 0.058
Feb.21 1,213.713 0.144 0.060
Mar.21 1,185.340 0.156 0.071
Apr.21 1,134.900 0.180 0.097
May 21 1,103.375 0.196 0.121
June 21 1,087.613 0.205 0.134
July 21 1,084.460 0.207 0.136
Aug.21 1,106.528 0.201 0.122
Sep.21 1,150.663 0.177 0.092
Oct.21 1,191.645 0.160 0.073
Nov.21 1,220.018 0.149 0.063
Dec.21 1,232.628 0.142 0.057
In particular, the clear sky radiation calculation model may be an ASHRAE (1972) model. The terminal calculates and obtains the vertical plane direct radiation quantity at each moment, the horizontal plane scattered radiation quantity at each moment and the horizontal plane direct radiation quantity at each moment according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0001795989480000111
GD＝CmGBn；
GB＝GBncosθZ；
wherein, thetaZAt the zenith angle of the sun, GBnVertical plane of direct radiation, GDScattering the amount of radiation for the horizontal plane, GBIs a horizontal planeAnd (4) directly irradiating the radiation quantity.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 3, step S150 includes step S151 to step S156.
S151: and respectively calculating the direct radiation incident angle of each time in each date in the concentrated use time period corresponding to each mounting angle according to the latitude and the inclination angle and azimuth angle of each mounting angle.
The direct radiation incidence angle is the angle between the direct ray on the inclined plane and the normal of the inclined plane. Specifically, the terminal calculates and obtains a direct radiation incident angle corresponding to the first installation angle and at each moment in each day in the centralized use time period according to the latitude, the inclination angle and the azimuth angle of the first installation angle; according to the latitude, the inclination angle and the azimuth angle of the second installation angle, calculating to obtain the direct radiation incidence angle corresponding to the second installation angle and at each moment in each date in the concentrated use time period; and repeating the steps to obtain the direct radiation incidence angle corresponding to each installation angle.
S152: and respectively calculating to obtain the inclined plane direct radiation amount of each moment corresponding to each mounting angle according to the solar zenith angle of each moment, the horizontal plane direct radiation amount of the corresponding moment and the direct radiation incident angle corresponding to each mounting angle of the corresponding moment.
Each time is a time within the collective usage period. The horizontal plane direct radiation amount at the corresponding moment refers to the horizontal plane direct radiation amount at the moment corresponding to the solar zenith angle, and the direct radiation incident angle corresponding to each installation angle at the corresponding moment refers to the direct radiation incident angle corresponding to each installation angle at the moment corresponding to the solar zenith angle. The direct radiation incident angle corresponding to the installation angle refers to the direct radiation incident angle corresponding to the installation angle and at each moment in each day in the concentrated use time period.
Specifically, the terminal calculates and obtains the inclined plane direct radiation amount of each moment corresponding to the first installation angle according to the solar zenith angle of each moment, the horizontal plane direct radiation amount of the corresponding moment and the direct radiation incident angle corresponding to the first installation angle of the corresponding moment; calculating to obtain the direct radiation quantity of the inclined plane at each moment corresponding to the second installation angle according to the solar zenith angle at each moment, the horizontal plane direct radiation quantity at the corresponding moment and the direct radiation incident angle corresponding to the second installation angle at the corresponding moment; and analogizing in turn, and calculating to obtain the direct radiation quantity of the inclined plane at each moment corresponding to each installation angle.
S153: and calculating the inclined plane scattered radiation quantity of each moment corresponding to each installation angle by adopting a scattered radiation calculation model according to the inclined angle of each installation angle and the horizontal plane scattered radiation quantity of each moment.
The scattered radiation calculation model is a calculation model for converting the amount of scattered radiation on a horizontal plane of installation into the amount of scattered radiation on an inclined plane, and examples thereof include a Perez model, a Liu & Jordan model, and a Hay & Davies model. Specifically, the terminal calculates the inclined plane scattered radiation amount of each moment corresponding to the first installation angle by adopting a scattered radiation calculation model according to the inclination angle of the first installation angle and the horizontal plane scattered radiation amount of each moment; calculating the inclined plane scattered radiation quantity of each moment corresponding to the second installation angle by adopting a scattered radiation calculation model according to the inclination angle of the second installation angle and the horizontal plane scattered radiation quantity of each moment; and analogizing in turn, and calculating to obtain the amount of the scattered radiation of the inclined plane at each moment corresponding to each installation angle.
S154: and respectively calculating the sum of the horizontal plane direct radiation quantity at each moment and the horizontal plane direct scattering quantity at the corresponding moment to obtain the horizontal plane total radiation quantity at each moment.
Specifically, the terminal calculates the sum of the horizontal plane direct radiation amount at the first moment and the horizontal plane direct scattering amount at the first moment in the centralized use time period to obtain the horizontal plane total radiation amount at the first moment; the terminal calculates the sum of the horizontal plane direct radiation quantity at the second moment and the horizontal plane direct scattering quantity at the second moment in the centralized use time period to obtain the horizontal plane total radiation quantity at the second moment; and analogizing in turn, and calculating to obtain the total radiation quantity of the horizontal plane at each moment.
S155: and calculating the reflection radiant quantity of the inclined plane at each moment corresponding to each mounting angle according to the inclination angle of each mounting angle, the total radiant quantity of the horizontal plane at each moment and the preset ground reflectivity of the corresponding position to be mounted.
The ground reflectivity is a characteristic of the ground's ability to absorb and reflect solar radiation, depending on the type of ground. Wherein the ground type comprises wet black soil, dry black soil, yellow sand, white sand, mountain land, etc. Specifically, preset ground reflectivity corresponding to various ground types can be prestored in the terminal; the terminal can determine the corresponding preset ground reflectivity according to the ground type of the position to be installed. For example, the terminal searches for a preset ground reflectivity corresponding to the ground type according to the ground type of the position to be installed, which is input by the user.
Specifically, the terminal calculates and obtains the reflection radiant quantity of the inclined plane at each moment corresponding to the first installation angle according to the inclination angle of the first installation angle, the total radiant quantity of the horizontal plane at each moment and the preset ground reflectivity; calculating the reflection radiant quantity of the inclined plane at each moment corresponding to the second mounting angle according to the inclination angle of the second mounting angle, the total radiant quantity of the horizontal plane at each moment and the preset ground reflectivity; and analogizing in turn, and calculating to obtain the reflection radiant quantity of the inclined plane at each moment corresponding to each installation angle.
S156: and respectively calculating the sum of the direct radiation quantity, the scattered radiation quantity and the reflected radiation quantity of the inclined plane at the same moment corresponding to the same installation angle to obtain the total radiation quantity of the inclined plane at the corresponding moment corresponding to the installation angle, and respectively summing the total radiation quantity of the inclined plane at each moment corresponding to the same installation angle to obtain the total radiation quantity of the inclined plane in the concentrated use time period corresponding to the installation angle.
Specifically, the terminal calculates the sum of the direct radiation quantity of the inclined plane, the scattered radiation quantity of the inclined plane and the reflected radiation quantity of the inclined plane at the first moment in the concentration time period corresponding to the first mounting angle to obtain the total radiation quantity of the inclined plane of the first mounting angle at the first moment; calculating the sum of the direct radiation quantity of the inclined plane, the scattered radiation quantity of the inclined plane and the reflected radiation quantity of the inclined plane at the second moment in the concentration time period corresponding to the first mounting angle to obtain the total radiation quantity of the inclined plane of the first mounting angle at the second moment; and calculating to obtain the total radiation quantity of the inclined plane of the first installation angle at each moment. Further, the terminal sums the total radiation amount of the inclined plane at each time corresponding to the first mounting angle to obtain the total radiation amount of the inclined plane in the concentrated use time period of the first mounting angle. In the same way, the terminal calculates and sums the total radiation amount of the inclined plane at each moment of each other installation angle to obtain the total radiation amount of the inclined plane corresponding to each installation angle in the centralized use time period.
The horizontal plane direct radiation amount at each moment is converted into the inclined plane direct radiation amount at each moment corresponding to each mounting angle, the horizontal plane scattered radiation amount at each moment is converted into the inclined plane scattered radiation amount at each moment corresponding to each mounting angle, the inclined plane reflected radiation amount at each moment corresponding to each mounting angle is calculated according to the horizontal plane total radiation amount at each moment, and then summation processing is carried out to obtain the inclined plane total radiation amount corresponding to each mounting angle in a centralized use time period, so that the radiation amount conversion from the horizontal plane to the inclined plane is realized.
In an embodiment, the terminal may calculate the direct radiation incident angle at each time corresponding to each installation angle according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0001795989480000141
ω＝15°(t-12)；
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0001795989480000142
is latitude, beta is inclination angle, gamma is azimuth angle, delta is solar declination angle, omega is solar time angle, t is true solar time, theta isbIs the angle of incidence of the direct radiation. It will be appreciated that in other embodiments, other calculation formulas may be used to calculate the incident angle of the direct radiation at each time.
In one embodiment, step S152 may include:
Figure BDA0001795989480000143
wherein R isBIs a first intermediate parameter, GTBThe direct radiation dose of the inclined plane.
In one embodiment, the scattered radiation calculation model may be the Perez (1990) model. The Perez (1990) model can be used to accurately convert the amount of horizontal plane scattered radiation into the amount of inclined plane scattered radiation.
Correspondingly, step S153 includes:
Figure BDA0001795989480000144
wherein G isDBeta is the angle of inclination, F, for the amount of horizontally scattered radiation1、F2、acs、bcsRespectively a first preset empirical value, a second preset empirical value, a third preset empirical value and a fourth preset empirical value, GTDThe amount of radiation scattered by the inclined surface.
In one embodiment, step S155 includes:
Figure BDA0001795989480000151
wherein G is the total horizontal plane radiation, pgFor a predetermined ground reflectivity, R, corresponding to the location to be installedGIs a second intermediate parameter, GTGThe inclined surface reflects the radiation amount.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 4, the preset fluence reference value is a preset percentage. Correspondingly, step S190 includes steps S191 to S193.
S191: and selecting the maximum radiant quantity in the total radiant quantity of the inclined plane corresponding to each mounting angle, and calculating the product of the maximum radiant quantity and the preset percentage to obtain the total radiant quantity of the inclined plane corresponding to the percentage.
The preset percentage can be set according to actual needs. It is generally desirable to have the total radiance of the tilted surface closer to the maximum radiance better, and therefore, the percentage may be set to a value closer to one hundred percent.
S192: and searching the contour line of the total radiant quantity of the inclined plane of the corresponding percentage in the contour map.
The total radiant quantity of the inclined plane with the corresponding percentage is the total radiant quantity of the inclined plane obtained by calculating the product of the maximum radiant quantity and the preset percentage.
S193: and determining the floating range of the inclination angle and the floating range of the azimuth angle corresponding to the searched contour line to obtain the mounting angle adjusting range of the photovoltaic module.
The fluctuation range of the contour line in the direction of the abscissa is the floating range of the parameter corresponding to the abscissa; the fluctuation range of the contour line in the direction of the ordinate is the floating range of the parameter corresponding to the ordinate. The maximum radiant quantity is selected, the isoline is determined by adopting the value of the maximum radiant quantity and the preset percentage, and the floating range of the inclination angle and the azimuth angle determined on the basis of the searched isoline is the installation angle adjusting range of the energy interval which can meet the percentage.
Specifically, the preset percentage may be 95%. Therefore, a 95% energy interval is determined on the contour diagram, the maximum radiation quantity in the total radiation quantity of the inclined plane corresponding to each installation angle is relatively close to the maximum radiation quantity, the photovoltaic module is installed based on the angle in the determined installation angle adjusting range, the surface of the photovoltaic module, which receives the radiation quantity, is large, and the requirement of maximizing the power generation quantity of a photovoltaic system where the photovoltaic module is located is met.
For example, as shown in fig. 5, a contour diagram is drawn in which the total radiation amount of the inclined plane changes with the inclination angle and the azimuth angle within one year when the latitude is 20 ° N, with the abscissa as the azimuth angle and the ordinate as the inclination angle. As can be seen from fig. 5, the 95% energy interval is a closed curve, and the inclined angle and the azimuth angle included in the curve are both the optimal installation angles of the 95% energy interval, i.e. when the photovoltaic module is installed, as long as the inclined angle and the azimuth angle are within the range, the requirements can be met. In the figure, the inclination angle range is 2 degrees to 42 degrees, and the azimuth angle range is-69 degrees to +69 degrees.
The following description is given by taking an application example of the method for determining the installation angle of the photovoltaic module, determining the adjustment range of the installation angle of the photovoltaic module used in the photovoltaic power station, and determining the adjustment range of the installation angle of the photovoltaic module suitable for the air-conditioning photovoltaic system, and the obtained results are as follows:
1. photovoltaic power plant: the photovoltaic power station is a power generation system, only the optimal system power generation amount in a 95% energy interval needs to be considered, and the inclination angle and the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic module determined at different latitudes are shown in the following table 2.
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0001795989480000161
2. Photovoltaic air conditioning system: different from a photovoltaic power station, the photovoltaic air-conditioning system needs to consider not only the generated energy but also the power consumption, so that the efficiency of the photovoltaic air-conditioning system is the highest, and the system efficiency is the best in the air-conditioning season defined as the month in which the air conditioner needs to be used for heating and/or refrigerating. The inclination angles and azimuth angles of the photovoltaic modules of the photovoltaic air conditioning system at different latitudes are shown in table 3 below. Data listed in the air-conditioning season represent time periods, for example, 01/03-30/11 represent 3 months and 1 day to 11 months and 30 days.
TABLE 3
It should be understood that although the various steps in the flow charts of fig. 2-4 are shown in order as indicated by the arrows, the steps are not necessarily performed in order as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not performed in the exact order shown and described, and may be performed in other orders, unless explicitly stated otherwise. Moreover, at least some of the steps in fig. 2-4 may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages that are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, and the order of performance of the sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but may be performed in turn or alternating with other steps or at least some of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, there is provided a photovoltaic module mounting angle determining apparatus including: the system comprises an information acquisition module 610, a horizontal plane radiation amount calculation module 630, an inclined plane total radiation amount calculation module 650, a contour map generation module 670 and a mounting angle adjustment range determination module 690, wherein:
the information acquisition module 610 is used for acquiring the centralized use time period of the photovoltaic module and the geographical location information of the to-be-installed location. The horizontal plane radiation amount calculation module 630 is configured to determine the horizontal plane radiation amount in the centralized usage time period according to the geographic location information. The total radiant quantity of the inclined plane calculation module 650 is configured to convert the horizontal plane radiant quantity in the centralized use time period into the total radiant quantity of the inclined plane corresponding to each installation angle according to the geographical location information, the inclination angle in the preset inclination angle set, and the plurality of different installation angles matched with the azimuth angle in the preset azimuth angle set. The contour map generation module 670 is configured to generate a contour map according to the total radiation amount of the inclined plane corresponding to each installation angle, with the same total radiation amount of the inclined plane as an equivalence point. The installation angle adjustment range determining module 690 is configured to search a contour corresponding to a preset radiation reference value in the contour map, determine a floating range of an inclination angle and a floating range of an azimuth angle corresponding to the searched contour, and obtain an installation angle adjustment range of the photovoltaic module.
In the photovoltaic module installation angle determining device, the horizontal plane radiation amount in the centralized use time period of the photovoltaic module is determined according to the geographical position information of the position to be installed, the horizontal plane radiation amount is converted into the total radiation amount of the inclined plane corresponding to the installation angle matched with each inclination angle and azimuth angle, a contour map taking the same total radiation amount of the inclined plane as an equivalence point is generated, a contour line corresponding to a preset radiation amount reference value is searched, and the floating range of the inclination angle and the floating range of the azimuth angle corresponding to the searched contour line are determined to obtain the installation angle adjusting range. Because the amount of the solar radiation received by the inclined surface of the photovoltaic component can affect the electric energy converted by the photovoltaic component, and thus the electric energy generated by a photovoltaic system where the photovoltaic component is located is affected, the contour line is searched according to the set preset radiation reference value, and the installation angle adjustment range corresponding to the searched contour line is determined, so that the finally determined installation angle adjustment range can meet the radiation amount corresponding to the preset radiation reference value. Therefore, the photovoltaic module is installed by adopting the inclination angle and the azimuth angle within the finally determined installation angle adjustment range, so that the radiation quantity received by the inclined plane of the photovoltaic module can meet the radiation quantity corresponding to the preset radiation quantity reference value, and the power generation quantity of the photovoltaic system can meet the requirements of users. Moreover, the installation angle adjusting range can correspond to a plurality of inclination angles and a plurality of azimuth angles, and the selectable range is wide, so that the photovoltaic module is more flexibly installed.
In one embodiment, the interval between adjacent angles of inclination within the set of predetermined angles of inclination is 5 ° and the interval between adjacent angles of azimuth within the set of predetermined angles of azimuth is 5 °. By taking the inclination angle within the preset inclination angle range according to the 5-degree interval and taking the azimuth angle within the preset azimuth angle range according to the 5-degree interval, each inclination angle within the preset inclination angle range and each azimuth angle within the preset azimuth angle range can be considered as much as possible, and meanwhile, the problem of complex processing caused by over-small data interval and small difference is avoided.
In one embodiment, the geographic location information includes a latitude. The horizontal plane radiation amount includes a horizontal plane direct radiation amount and a horizontal plane scattered radiation amount. Correspondingly, the horizontal plane radiometric calculation module 630 is configured to: calculating the solar zenith angle of each moment in each date in the centralized use time period according to the latitude; and according to the solar zenith angle at each moment, calculating by adopting a clear sky radiation calculation model to obtain the horizontal plane direct radiation quantity and the horizontal plane scattered radiation quantity at each moment.
The vertical solar angle is calculated according to the latitude, the vertical horizontal plane radiation amount and the horizontal plane scattered radiation amount at each moment are calculated according to the vertical solar angle and by adopting a clear sky radiation calculation model, local radiation data are not needed, and the method is simpler, more convenient, quicker and more reliable.
In one embodiment, the clear sky radiation calculation model is an ASHRAE model. Correspondingly, the horizontal plane radiant quantity calculating module 630 calculates and obtains the vertical plane direct radiant quantity of the plane perpendicular to the solar ray at each moment according to the solar zenith angle at each moment, the first preset coefficient and the second preset coefficient at the corresponding moment; respectively calculating the horizontal plane direct radiation amount at each moment according to the vertical plane direct radiation amount at each moment and the solar zenith angle at the corresponding moment; and respectively calculating the horizontal plane scattered radiation quantity at each moment according to the vertical plane direct radiation quantity at each moment and the preset scattered radiation coefficient at the corresponding moment.
By adopting the ASHRAE model to directly calculate the radiation quantity on the horizontal plane, local radiation data does not need to be used, and the accuracy is high.
In particular, the clear sky radiation calculation model may be an ASHRAE (1972) model. The horizontal plane radiation amount calculation module 630 calculates the vertical plane direct radiation amount at each time, the horizontal plane scattered radiation amount at each time, and the horizontal plane direct radiation amount at each time according to the following formulas:
GD＝CmGBn；
GB＝GBncosθZ；
wherein, thetaZAt the zenith angle of the sun, GBnVertical plane of direct radiation, GDScattering the amount of radiation for the horizontal plane, GBThe radiation dose is directed at the horizontal plane.
In one embodiment, the total radiance from tilt calculation module 650 is configured to: respectively calculating the direct radiation incident angle of each mounting angle at each moment in each date in the concentrated use time period, which corresponds to each mounting angle according to the latitude and the inclination angle and azimuth angle of each mounting angle; respectively calculating to obtain the direct radiation quantity of the inclined plane at each moment corresponding to each installation angle according to the solar zenith angle at each moment, the horizontal plane direct radiation quantity at the corresponding moment and the direct radiation incident angle corresponding to each installation angle at the corresponding moment; calculating the inclined plane scattered radiation quantity of each moment corresponding to each installation angle by adopting a scattered radiation calculation model according to the inclined angle of each installation angle and the horizontal plane scattered radiation quantity of each moment; respectively calculating the sum of the horizontal plane direct radiation quantity at each moment and the horizontal plane direct scattering quantity at the corresponding moment to obtain the horizontal plane total radiation quantity at each moment; calculating the reflection radiant quantity of the inclined plane at each moment corresponding to each mounting angle according to the inclination angle of each mounting angle, the total radiant quantity of the horizontal plane at each moment and the preset ground reflectivity of the corresponding position to be mounted; and respectively calculating the sum of the direct radiation quantity, the scattered radiation quantity and the reflected radiation quantity of the inclined plane at the same moment corresponding to the same installation angle to obtain the total radiation quantity of the inclined plane at the corresponding moment corresponding to the installation angle, and respectively summing the total radiation quantity of the inclined plane at each moment corresponding to the same installation angle to obtain the total radiation quantity of the inclined plane in the concentrated use time period corresponding to the installation angle.
In one embodiment, the total amount of inclined plane radiation calculation module 650 calculates the amount of inclined plane direct radiation according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0001795989480000201
wherein R isBIs a first intermediate parameter, GTBThe direct radiation dose of the inclined plane.
In one embodiment, the total radiant quantity of the inclined plane calculation module 650 calculates the total radiant quantity of the inclined plane at each time corresponding to each installation angle according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0001795989480000202
wherein G isDBeta is the angle of inclination, F, for the amount of horizontally scattered radiation1、F2、acs、bcsRespectively a first preset empirical value, a second preset empirical value, a third preset empirical value and a fourth preset empirical value, GTDThe amount of radiation scattered by the inclined surface.
In one embodiment, the total amount of radiation from the tilted surface calculation module 650 calculates the amount of radiation reflected from the tilted surface according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0001795989480000211
wherein G is the total horizontal plane radiation, pgFor a predetermined ground reflectivity, R, corresponding to the location to be installedGIs a second intermediate parameter, GTGThe inclined surface reflects the radiation amount.
In one embodiment, the predetermined exposure reference value is a predetermined percentage. The setting angle adjustment range determination module 690 is configured to: selecting the maximum radiant quantity in the total radiant quantity of the inclined plane corresponding to each mounting angle, and calculating the product of the maximum radiant quantity and the preset percentage to obtain the total radiant quantity of the inclined plane with the corresponding percentage; searching a contour line of the total radiant quantity of the inclined plane with corresponding percentage in the contour line graph; and determining the floating range of the inclination angle and the floating range of the azimuth angle corresponding to the searched contour line to obtain the mounting angle adjusting range of the photovoltaic module.
The maximum radiant quantity is selected, the isoline is determined by adopting the value of the maximum radiant quantity and the preset percentage, and the floating range of the inclination angle and the azimuth angle determined on the basis of the searched isoline is the installation angle adjusting range of the energy interval which can meet the percentage. Specifically, the preset percentage may be 95%.
For specific definition of the photovoltaic module installation angle determining device, reference may be made to the above definition of the photovoltaic module installation angle determining method, which is not described herein again. Each module in the photovoltaic module installation angle determining device can be wholly or partially realized by software, hardware and a combination thereof. The modules can be embedded in a hardware form or independent from a processor in the computer device, and can also be stored in a memory in the computer device in a software form, so that the processor can call and execute operations corresponding to the modules.
In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as shown in fig. 7. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, a network interface, a display screen, and an input device connected by a system bus. Wherein the processor of the computer device is configured to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device comprises a nonvolatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of an operating system and computer programs in the non-volatile storage medium. The network interface of the computer device is used for communicating with an external terminal through a network connection. The computer program is executed by a processor to implement a photovoltaic module installation angle determination method. The display screen of the computer equipment can be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen, and the input device of the computer equipment can be a touch layer covered on the display screen, a key, a track ball or a touch pad arranged on the shell of the computer equipment, an external keyboard, a touch pad or a mouse and the like.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the architecture shown in fig. 7 is merely a block diagram of some of the structures associated with the disclosed aspects and is not intended to limit the computing devices to which the disclosed aspects apply, as particular computing devices may include more or less components than those shown, or may combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.
In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory having stored therein a computer program, the processor implementing the aforementioned photovoltaic module installation angle determination method when executing the computer program.
According to the computer equipment, due to the fact that the photovoltaic module installation angle determining method is achieved, the generated energy of the photovoltaic system can meet the requirements of users in the same way. Moreover, the installation angle adjusting range can correspond to a plurality of inclination angles and a plurality of azimuth angles, and the selectable range is wide, so that the photovoltaic module is more flexibly installed.
In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored, which computer program, when being executed by a processor, realizes the aforementioned photovoltaic module installation angle determination method.
According to the computer-readable storage medium, due to the fact that the photovoltaic module installation angle determining method is achieved, the generated energy of the photovoltaic system can meet the requirements of users in the same way. Moreover, the installation angle adjusting range can correspond to a plurality of inclination angles and a plurality of azimuth angles, and the selectable range is wide, so that the photovoltaic module is more flexibly installed.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by hardware instructions of a computer program, which can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used in the embodiments provided herein may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory, among others. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), Programmable ROM (PROM), Electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms such as Static RAM (SRAM), Dynamic RAM (DRAM), Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), Enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus Direct RAM (RDRAM), direct bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A method for determining a mounting angle of a photovoltaic module, the method comprising:
acquiring a centralized use time period of the photovoltaic module and geographical position information of a position to be installed;
determining horizontal plane radiation quantity in the centralized use time period according to the geographical position information;
according to the geographical position information, and a plurality of different installation angles matched by the inclination angle in the preset inclination angle set and the azimuth angle in the preset azimuth angle set, respectively converting the horizontal plane radiant quantity in the centralized use time period into the total inclined plane radiant quantity corresponding to each installation angle;
generating a contour map according to the total radiant quantity of the inclined plane corresponding to each installation angle by taking the same total radiant quantity of the inclined plane as an equivalent point;
and searching a contour line corresponding to a preset radiant quantity reference value in the contour line graph, and determining a floating range of an inclination angle and a floating range of an azimuth angle corresponding to the searched contour line to obtain an installation angle adjusting range of the photovoltaic module.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the geographic location information comprises latitude, and the level radiation comprises level direct radiation and level scattered radiation; the determining the horizontal plane radiation amount in the centralized use time period according to the geographical location information comprises:
calculating the solar zenith angle of each moment in each date in the concentrated use time period according to the latitude;
and according to the solar zenith angle at each moment, calculating by adopting a clear sky radiation calculation model to obtain the horizontal plane direct radiation quantity and the horizontal plane scattered radiation quantity at each moment.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the clear sky radiation calculation model is an ASHRAE model; according to the solar zenith angle at each moment, a clear sky radiation calculation model is adopted to calculate and obtain the horizontal plane direct radiation quantity and the horizontal plane scattered radiation quantity at each moment, and the method comprises the following steps:
respectively calculating to obtain a plane perpendicular to the sun rays at each moment according to the sun zenith angle at each moment, and the first preset coefficient and the second preset coefficient at the corresponding momentThe vertical plane of the radiation source; the first preset coefficient is an apparent solar constant and has the unit of W/m2(ii) a The second preset coefficient is an atmospheric extinction coefficient and is dimensionless;
respectively calculating the horizontal plane direct radiation amount at each moment according to the vertical plane direct radiation amount at each moment and the solar zenith angle at the corresponding moment;
respectively calculating the horizontal plane scattered radiation quantity at each moment according to the vertical plane direct radiation quantity at each moment and the preset scattered radiation coefficient at the corresponding moment; the preset scattering radiation coefficient is a sky scattering factor and is dimensionless.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein converting the horizontal plane radiation dose in the centralized use time period into the total radiation dose of the inclined plane corresponding to each installation angle according to the geographic location information and a plurality of different installation angles collocated by an inclination angle in a preset inclination angle set and an azimuth angle in a preset azimuth angle set comprises:
respectively calculating the direct radiation incident angle of each mounting angle at each moment in each date in the concentrated use time period, which corresponds to each mounting angle according to the latitude and the inclination angle and azimuth angle of each mounting angle;
respectively calculating to obtain the direct radiation quantity of the inclined plane at each moment corresponding to each installation angle according to the solar zenith angle at each moment, the horizontal plane direct radiation quantity at the corresponding moment and the direct radiation incident angle corresponding to each installation angle at the corresponding moment;
calculating the inclined plane scattered radiation quantity of each moment corresponding to each installation angle by adopting a scattered radiation calculation model according to the inclined angle of each installation angle and the horizontal plane scattered radiation quantity of each moment;
respectively calculating the sum of the horizontal plane direct radiation quantity at each moment and the horizontal plane direct scattering quantity at the corresponding moment to obtain the horizontal plane total radiation quantity at each moment;
calculating the reflection radiant quantity of the inclined plane at each moment corresponding to each mounting angle according to the inclination angle of each mounting angle, the total radiant quantity of the horizontal plane at each moment and the preset ground reflectivity corresponding to the position to be mounted;
and respectively calculating the sum of the direct radiation quantity, the scattered radiation quantity and the reflected radiation quantity of the inclined plane at the same moment corresponding to the same installation angle to obtain the total radiation quantity of the inclined plane at the corresponding moment of the corresponding installation angle, and respectively summing the total radiation quantity of the inclined plane at each moment of the same installation angle to obtain the total radiation quantity of the inclined plane in the concentrated use time period corresponding to the installation angle.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein calculating the amount of scattered radiation of the inclined plane at each time corresponding to each installation angle by using a scattered radiation calculation model according to the inclined angle of each installation angle and the amount of scattered radiation of the horizontal plane at each time comprises:
Figure FDA0002261775520000031
wherein G isDIs the amount of radiation scattered from said horizontal plane, beta is said angle of inclination, F1、F2、acs、bcsRespectively a first preset empirical value, a second preset empirical value, a third preset empirical value and a fourth preset empirical value, GTDScattering the amount of radiation for the tilted surface; the first preset empirical value is a sunlight surrounding brightness coefficient and is dimensionless; the second preset empirical value is a horizontal plane brightness coefficient and is dimensionless; the third preset empirical value is an incident angle parameter in the inclined plane annular solar radiation cone, and is dimensionless; the fourth preset empirical value is an incident angle parameter in the horizontal plane annular solar scattered radiation cone, and is dimensionless.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the separation between adjacent angles of inclination within the set of predetermined angles of inclination is 5 ° and the separation between adjacent angles of azimuth within the set of predetermined angles of azimuth is 5 ° for different angles of incidence.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the preset radiation reference value is a preset percentage, the searching for the contour corresponding to the preset radiation reference value in the contour map, determining the floating range of the inclination angle and the floating range of the azimuth angle corresponding to the searched contour, and obtaining the installation angle adjustment range of the photovoltaic module comprises:
selecting the maximum radiant quantity in the total radiant quantity of the inclined plane corresponding to each mounting angle, and calculating the product of the maximum radiant quantity and the preset percentage to obtain the total radiant quantity of the inclined plane corresponding to the percentage;
searching a contour line corresponding to the percentage of total radiant quantity of the inclined plane in the contour line graph;
and determining the floating range of the inclination angle and the floating range of the azimuth angle corresponding to the searched contour line to obtain the mounting angle adjusting range of the photovoltaic module.
8. A photovoltaic module installation angle determination apparatus, characterized in that the apparatus comprises:
the information acquisition module is used for acquiring the centralized use time period of the photovoltaic module and the geographical position information of the position to be installed;
the horizontal plane radiant quantity calculation module is used for determining the horizontal plane radiant quantity in the centralized use time period according to the geographical position information;
the total radiant quantity calculation module of the inclined plane is used for converting the horizontal plane radiant quantity in the centralized use time period into the total radiant quantity of the inclined plane corresponding to each installation angle according to the geographical position information, the inclination angle in the preset inclination angle set and a plurality of different installation angles matched with the azimuth angle in the preset azimuth angle set;
the contour map generation module is used for generating a contour map according to the total radiant quantity of the inclined plane corresponding to each installation angle by taking the same total radiant quantity of the inclined plane as an equivalence point;
and the mounting angle adjustment range determining module is used for searching a contour line corresponding to a preset radiant quantity reference value in the contour line graph, determining a floating range of an inclination angle and a floating range of an azimuth angle corresponding to the searched contour line, and obtaining the mounting angle adjustment range of the photovoltaic module.
9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, wherein the processor implements the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the computer program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
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