CN109239559A - A kind of combined type for learning gas discharging law is adjustable experimental electrode - Google Patents

A kind of combined type for learning gas discharging law is adjustable experimental electrode Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN109239559A
CN109239559A CN201811359686.8A CN201811359686A CN109239559A CN 109239559 A CN109239559 A CN 109239559A CN 201811359686 A CN201811359686 A CN 201811359686A CN 109239559 A CN109239559 A CN 109239559A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
electrode
plate
screw
support rod
mounting portion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201811359686.8A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
姚远航
薛志超
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Harbin University of Science and Technology
Original Assignee
Harbin University of Science and Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Harbin University of Science and Technology filed Critical Harbin University of Science and Technology
Priority to CN201811359686.8A priority Critical patent/CN109239559A/en
Publication of CN109239559A publication Critical patent/CN109239559A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/12Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
    • G01R31/1227Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
    • G01R31/1263Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
    • G01R31/1281Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation of liquids or gases
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R1/00Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
    • G01R1/02General constructional details

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of adjustable experimental electrodes of the combined type for learning gas discharging law, including connection electrode, upper flat plate electrode, needle electrode, lower plate electrode, upper mounting plate, lower installation board, insulating support rod, pass through the coupling part of connection electrode lower end and the screw-mounting portion of upper flat plate electrode, needle electrode, it realizes the quick-replaceable of upper flat plate electrode and needle electrode, operates more convenient;By the screw-mounting portion and wing nut of connection electrode upper end, realize that electrode spacing is adjustable;And in the present invention, connection electrode medium design has scale part, and range 0-100mm, precision 1mm can make the adjusting of electrode spacing more accurate according to the displacement at the edge of insulating sleeve and scale part.Therefore, when carrying out gas discharge Rule, replacement electrode shape is more convenient quickly, and electrode spacing adjusts not only convenient but also accurate.

Description

A kind of combined type for learning gas discharging law is adjustable experimental electrode
Technical field
The present invention relates to High-Voltage Experiment technical fields, and in particular to a kind of combination for learning gas discharging law Formula is adjustable experimental electrode.
Background technique
In Electrical Engineering field, high-voltage test techniques are indispensable component parts.In high-voltage test The research of basic physical process and discharging law to gas discharge is particularly significant.The basic theories of gas discharge includes Townsend reason By and stream theory, they be all by test based on.Since the development process of gas discharge is more complicated, influence factor compared with It is more, it is desirable to seek discharging law with the method for theoretical calculation and be difficult, it is necessary to study discharge mechanism by the method for experiment. So carrying out gas discharge experiment is still that learning gas discharges the important means of basic physical process.And the class of gas discharge Type has very much, and such as creeping discharge, corona discharge, these electric discharges are all related with electrode, and shape and the electrode spacing of electrode determine The distribution of electric field.Therefore, electrode is that gas discharge tests important building block, common electrode structure have needle-plate electrode and Plate-plate electrode.By the discharge test of gas under different electrode structure and Different electrodes spacing, have more to gas discharge rule Add intuitive understanding.When being tested, the flash-over characteristic of gas, needle-plate electrode mould under plate-plate electrode simulation uniform electric field Flash-over characteristic under quasi- non-uniform electric field.The distance between electrode is also the factor for influencing gas discharge voltage, with electrode spacing From increase, changes will occur for the uniformity coefficient and discharge voltage of electric field.Therefore, when being tested, the shape of electrode with Electrode spacing is all an important factor for influencing gas discharge characteristic.
Currently, most of electrodes for learning gas electric discharge are all single electrode structures in laboratory, carrying out After the experiment of needle-plate electrode system, by this group of electrode system integral replacing, the experiment of plate-plate electrode system just can be carried out, Operating process is complicated.And measuring electrode spacing manually adjusts again after installation is complete, and measuring accuracy is relatively low.It is put according to gas Electric experimental standard, it is desirable that it takes multiple measurements, the step of this adds increased experimental implementations, it is inconvenient.
Therefore, design it is a kind of can electrode structure is readily replaceable and electrode spacing adjust and not only facilitate but also accurate experiment electricity Pole is very necessary.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve experimental electrode system conversion when learning gas discharging law in laboratory at present The relatively low problem of the accuracy that process is complicated and electrode spacing is adjusted, providing a kind of electrode structure can be used in combination, replace and facilitate And the experimental electrode that electrode spacing can be adjusted accurately.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: a kind of experiment that combined type for learning gas discharging law is adjustable electricity Pole, including connection electrode (1), upper flat plate electrode (8), needle electrode (10), lower plate electrode (9), upper mounting plate (11), lower peace Loading board (12), insulating support rod (4), the connection electrode (1) include the first screw-mounting portion (14), scale part (15) and Coupling part (16);The upper flat plate electrode (8) and the needle electrode (10) pass through the company of screw thread and the connection electrode (1) Socket part point (16) is connected;The upper mounting plate (11) and the lower installation board (12) connect with the insulating support rod (4) respectively It connects;It is equipped with the connection electrode (1) on the upper mounting plate (11), the lower plate is installed on the lower installation board (12) Electrode (9).
As limitation of the invention further, the middle position of the upper mounting plate (11) is equipped with installation connection electrode (1) circular hole;Wing nut (2) and insulating sleeve (7) are installed on the connection electrode (1);Wing nut (2) setting On upper mounting plate (11), the upper end of the insulating sleeve (7) is pasted onto the intermediate circular hole of upper mounting plate (11).
As limitation of the invention further, the middle position of the lower installation board (12) is equipped with installation lower plate electrode (9) circular hole;The lower plate electrode (9) includes upper round plate (21) and the 4th screw-mounting portion (22), passes through third Nut (13) is fixed on lower installation board (12).
As limitation of the invention further, the upper flat plate electrode (8) include the second screw-mounting portion (17) and Upper circle plate (18);The needle electrode (10) includes third screw-mounting portion (19) and pin electrode (20);It is described flat Plate electrode (8) and the needle electrode (10) pass through the second screw-mounting portion (17) and third screw-mounting portion (19) respectively It is fixed on the coupling part (16) of connection electrode (1) lower end.
As limitation of the invention further, the upper mounting plate (11) and lower installation board (12) are that rectangle epoxy is exhausted Listrium, the insulating support rod (4) have four, are cylindrical epoxy insulating bar, and be threaded;The upper mounting plate (11), the lower installation board (12) and the insulating support rod (4) are fixed by the first nut (3) and the second nut (5);It is described Upper mounting plate (11) and the lower installation board (12) are parallel and vertical with the insulating support rod (4).
As limitation of the invention further, the bottom of the insulating support rod (4) is equipped with cross-over block (6).
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention provides a kind of adjustable experiment of the combined type for learning gas discharging law Electrode, including connection electrode, upper flat plate electrode, needle electrode, lower plate electrode, upper mounting plate, lower installation board, insulating supporting Bar realizes upper flat plate electricity by the coupling part of connection electrode lower end and the screw-mounting portion of upper flat plate electrode, needle electrode The quick-replaceable of pole and needle electrode operates more convenient;By the screw-mounting portion and wing nut of connection electrode upper end, Realize that electrode spacing is adjustable;And in the present invention, connection electrode medium design has scale part, range 0-100mm, essence Degree can make the adjusting of electrode spacing more accurate for 1mm according to the displacement at the edge of insulating sleeve and scale part.Therefore, When carrying out gas discharge Rule, replacement electrode shape is more convenient quickly, and electrode spacing adjusts not only convenient but also accurate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the adjustable experimental electrode of combined type for learning gas discharging law of the present invention Figure;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of connection electrode in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of upper flat plate electrode in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of needle electrode in Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of lower plate electrode in Fig. 1;
In figure: 1 is connection electrode;2 be wing nut;3 be the first nut;4 be insulating support rod;5 be the second nut;6 be exhausted Edge cushion block;7 be insulating sleeve;8 be upper flat plate electrode;9 be lower plate electrode;10 be needle electrode;11 be upper mounting plate;12 For lower installation board;13 be third nut;14 be the first screw-mounting portion;15 be scale part;16 be coupling part;17 be Two screw-mounting portions;18 be upper round plate;19 be third screw-mounting portion;20 be pin electrode;21 be lower round plate; 22 be the 4th screw-mounting portion.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the present invention is described in detail.In addition, in the following description, being omitted to known features With the description of technology, so as not to unnecessarily obscure the concept of the present invention.
In conjunction with shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, the adjustable experiment of a kind of combined type for learning gas discharging law of the present invention Electrode includes connection electrode (1), wing nut (2), the first nut (3), insulating support rod (4), the second nut (5), felt pad Block (6), insulating sleeve (7), upper flat plate electrode (8), lower plate electrode (9), needle electrode (10), upper mounting plate (11), lower peace Loading board (12), third nut (13), screw-mounting portion (14), scale part (15), coupling part (16), the installation of the second screw thread Partially (17), upper round plate (18), third screw-mounting portion (19), pin electrode (20), lower round plate (21) and the 4th Screw-mounting portion (22).
Upper mounting plate (11) is identical with lower installation board (12) shape, is rectangle epoxy insulating board, length 400mm, Width is 300mm, with a thickness of 20mm, is placed in parallel and vertical with insulating support rod (4);Peace is provided among upper mounting plate (11) The circular hole of load receiving electrode (1), diameter 12mm, four ends are provided with the circular hole for installing insulating support rod (4), diameter at angle For 10mm;The circular hole of installation lower plate electrode (10), diameter 10mm, four end Angle Positions are provided among lower installation board (12) It is provided with the circular hole of installation insulating support rod (4), diameter 10mm;The quantity of insulating support rod (4) is four, and diameter is 10mm, length 300mm, is threaded, and respectively passes through the circular hole of upper mounting plate (11) and lower installation board (12), leads to It crosses the first nut (3) and the second nut (5) is fixed, the bottom of insulating support rod (4) is threaded into cross-over block (6);Absolutely The length of edge sleeve is 120mm, interior diameter 10mm, overall diameter 12mm, and upper end is pasted onto upper mounting plate (11) middle position Diameter is in the circular hole of 12mm.
Referring to figs. 1 and 2, connection electrode (1) is processed into cylinder by copper rod, the first screw thread installation including upper end Partially (14), intermediate scale part (15) and lower end coupling part (16), the length of the first screw-mounting portion (14) is 120mm, diameter 10mm, middle section are provided with scale, the range of scale part (15) in 0-100mm, scale division value 1mm, The length of the coupling part (16) of lower section is 50mm, diameter 25mm, and inside is machined with the spiral shell that depth is 25mm, diameter is 10mm Hole.
In conjunction with shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, upper flat plate electrode (8) is process by brass, including the second screw-mounting portion (17) With upper round plate (18), the length of the second screw-mounting portion (17) is 50mm, diameter 10mm, upper circle plate (18) Diameter is 120mm, with a thickness of 15mm.
In conjunction with shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 4, needle electrode (10) is processed into cylinder, including third screw-mounting portion by brass (19) and pin electrode (20), the length of needle electrode (10) are 65mm, and needle point radius of curvature is 1mm.
Referring to figure 1 and figure 5, lower plate electrode (9) is process by brass, including upper round plate (21) and the 4th The diameter of screw-mounting portion (22), upper circle plate (21) is 120mm, with a thickness of 15mm, the 4th screw-mounting portion (22) Length be 50mm, diameter 10mm.
In conjunction with shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, connection electrode (1) passes through the coupling part (16) of lower end and the second screw-mounting portion (17), third screw-mounting portion (19) are connect with upper flat plate electrode (8) and needle electrode (10) respectively, and realization is carrying out gas The quick-replaceable of electrode shape when the experiment of body discharging law.First screw-mounting portion (14) of connection electrode (1) upper end is logical Wing nut (2) and insulating sleeve (7) are crossed, upper mounting plate (11) middle position is fixed on.Lower plate electrode (9) and upper flat plate electricity Pole (8) relatively, is fixed on lower installation board (12) by the 4th screw-mounting portion (22) and third nut (13).It is testing When, the position of wing nut (2), screw-mounting portion (14) is adjusted, according to the edge of insulating sleeve (7) and scale part (15) Displacement can not only facilitate but also accurately adjust interelectrode distance.
Above embodiments are exemplary description of this patent, do not limit its protection scope, those skilled in the art Member can also be changed its part, as long as it does not exceed the essence of this patent, within the protection scope of the present patent.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of combined type for learning gas discharging law is adjustable experimental electrode, including connection electrode (1), upper flat plate electrode (8), needle electrode (10), lower plate electrode (9), upper mounting plate (11), lower installation board (12), insulating support rod (4), the company Receiving electrode (1) includes the first screw-mounting portion (14), scale part (15) and coupling part (16);The upper flat plate electrode (8) it is connected by screw thread with the coupling part (16) of the connection electrode (1) with the needle electrode (10);The upper installation Plate (11) and the lower installation board (12) are connect with the insulating support rod (4) respectively;It is equipped on the upper mounting plate (11) The connection electrode (1) is equipped with the lower plate electrode (9) on the lower installation board (12).
2. a kind of adjustable experimental electrode of combined type for learning gas discharging law, feature exist according to claim 1 In: the middle position of the upper mounting plate (11) is equipped with the circular hole of installation connection electrode (1), and four ends are provided with installation at angle The circular hole of insulating support rod (4);Wing nut (2) and insulating sleeve (7) are installed on the connection electrode (1);It is described wing Nut (2) is arranged on upper mounting plate (11), and the upper end of the insulating sleeve (7) is pasted onto the intermediate circular hole of upper mounting plate (11) It is interior.
3. a kind of adjustable experimental electrode of combined type for learning gas discharging law, feature exist according to claim 1 In: the middle position of the lower installation board (12) is equipped with the circular hole of installation lower plate electrode (9), and four ends are provided with peace at angle Fill the circular hole of insulating support rod (4);The lower plate electrode (9) includes upper round plate (21) and the 4th screw-mounting portion (22), it is fixed on lower installation board (12) by third nut (13).
4. a kind of adjustable experimental electrode of combined type for learning gas discharging law, feature exist according to claim 1 In: the upper flat plate electrode (8) includes the second screw-mounting portion (17) and upper round plate (18);The needle electrode (10) Including third screw-mounting portion (19) and pin electrode (20);The upper flat plate electrode (8) and the needle electrode (10) are respectively The coupling part of connection electrode (1) lower end is fixed on by the second screw-mounting portion (17) and third screw-mounting portion (19) (16).
5. a kind of adjustable experimental electrode of combined type for learning gas discharging law, feature exist according to claim 1 It is rectangle epoxy insulating board in: the upper mounting plate (11) and lower installation board (12), the insulating support rod (4) has four, For cylindrical epoxy insulating bar, and it is threaded;The upper mounting plate (11), the lower installation board (12) and the insulation Support rod (4) is fixed by the first nut (3) and the second nut (5);The upper mounting plate (11) and the lower installation board (12) It is parallel and vertical with the insulating support rod (4).
6. a kind of adjustable experimental electrode of combined type for learning gas discharging law, feature exist according to claim 1 In: the bottom of the insulating support rod (4) is equipped with cross-over block (6).
CN201811359686.8A 2018-11-15 2018-11-15 A kind of combined type for learning gas discharging law is adjustable experimental electrode Pending CN109239559A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811359686.8A CN109239559A (en) 2018-11-15 2018-11-15 A kind of combined type for learning gas discharging law is adjustable experimental electrode

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811359686.8A CN109239559A (en) 2018-11-15 2018-11-15 A kind of combined type for learning gas discharging law is adjustable experimental electrode

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN109239559A true CN109239559A (en) 2019-01-18

Family

ID=65075449

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201811359686.8A Pending CN109239559A (en) 2018-11-15 2018-11-15 A kind of combined type for learning gas discharging law is adjustable experimental electrode

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN109239559A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110133453A (en) * 2019-04-09 2019-08-16 国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 It is a kind of for observing the device of multilayer oil-impregnated paper insulation discharge process
CN112595946A (en) * 2021-03-02 2021-04-02 奥顿电气集团有限公司 Insulating paperboard electrical strength experiment electrode

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101957423A (en) * 2010-09-16 2011-01-26 中国电力科学研究院 Device for testing insulating property of high-voltage oiled paper
CN203595782U (en) * 2013-11-25 2014-05-14 国家电网公司 Parameter adjustable internal discharge test model
CN203630277U (en) * 2013-11-08 2014-06-04 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Transformer oil lightning impulse breakdown voltage testing electrode cup
CN204214998U (en) * 2014-12-08 2015-03-18 哈尔滨理工大学 Gas discharge experimental provision under unconventional condition
CN204832438U (en) * 2015-08-18 2015-12-02 国网江西省电力公司南昌供电分公司 Transformer internal discharge trouble analogue test device based on signal acquisition discharges
CN205317896U (en) * 2016-01-28 2016-06-15 哈尔滨理工大学 A electrode system for studying insulating sample agine mechaism of slice
CN206193171U (en) * 2016-11-24 2017-05-24 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 Simulation medium partial discharge's electrode model
CN209432943U (en) * 2018-11-15 2019-09-24 哈尔滨理工大学 A kind of combined type for learning gas discharging law is adjustable experimental electrode

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101957423A (en) * 2010-09-16 2011-01-26 中国电力科学研究院 Device for testing insulating property of high-voltage oiled paper
CN203630277U (en) * 2013-11-08 2014-06-04 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Transformer oil lightning impulse breakdown voltage testing electrode cup
CN203595782U (en) * 2013-11-25 2014-05-14 国家电网公司 Parameter adjustable internal discharge test model
CN204214998U (en) * 2014-12-08 2015-03-18 哈尔滨理工大学 Gas discharge experimental provision under unconventional condition
CN204832438U (en) * 2015-08-18 2015-12-02 国网江西省电力公司南昌供电分公司 Transformer internal discharge trouble analogue test device based on signal acquisition discharges
CN205317896U (en) * 2016-01-28 2016-06-15 哈尔滨理工大学 A electrode system for studying insulating sample agine mechaism of slice
CN206193171U (en) * 2016-11-24 2017-05-24 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 Simulation medium partial discharge's electrode model
CN209432943U (en) * 2018-11-15 2019-09-24 哈尔滨理工大学 A kind of combined type for learning gas discharging law is adjustable experimental electrode

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110133453A (en) * 2019-04-09 2019-08-16 国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 It is a kind of for observing the device of multilayer oil-impregnated paper insulation discharge process
CN110133453B (en) * 2019-04-09 2021-06-11 国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Device for observing insulating discharge process of multilayer oil-impregnated paper
CN112595946A (en) * 2021-03-02 2021-04-02 奥顿电气集团有限公司 Insulating paperboard electrical strength experiment electrode
CN112595946B (en) * 2021-03-02 2021-05-07 奥顿电气集团有限公司 Insulating paperboard electrical strength experiment electrode

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN103499798B (en) A kind of Non-contact Electrostatic Voltmeter calibrating installation and calibration steps
CN209432943U (en) A kind of combined type for learning gas discharging law is adjustable experimental electrode
CN101514927B (en) Elastic micro-Newton level low thrust measuring system
CN202351277U (en) Test probe for lithium battery
CN109239559A (en) A kind of combined type for learning gas discharging law is adjustable experimental electrode
CN105717434A (en) Electrode device for measuring electrical strength of composite insulator silicon rubber umbrella skirt and measuring method
CN100535669C (en) Extra-high voltage reference capacitor
CN107390012A (en) A kind of portable high-pressure DC corona current metering sensor
CN100538374C (en) A kind of device of working sample dielectric property and assay method thereof and application
CN103344798A (en) Clamp and method for measuring direct current resistance of twisted wire core of cable
CN212845611U (en) High-precision graphite crucible resistivity testing device
CN205210183U (en) Graphite electrode resistivity apparatus test jig
CN207764307U (en) The surface charge measuring device of insulating materials
CN110600997B (en) Experimental electrode structure for accurately adjusting interelectrode barrier and operation method thereof
CN207380185U (en) A kind of artificial puncture device of electric wire spark machine sensitivity calibrating instrument
KR20100006358A (en) Specimens-probes mounting holder for four-probe conductivity measurement
CN114440974B (en) Battery expansion displacement and temperature in-situ measurement device
CN106680544B (en) Arrester accelerated aging test clamping device
CN207663041U (en) A kind of caliberating device for the field mill not being capped metallic plate
CN102692447B (en) Miniaturized high pulse single-rail discharging ablation device
CN111693776A (en) Indoor soil sample resistivity measuring device
CN208833868U (en) Discharge fault simulator in Multipurpose oil
CN104678130A (en) Fixture capable of being used for electrical performance test under high voltage
CN109541262A (en) A kind of electronic component test device
CN112415353A (en) Electrode device and method suitable for optical fiber voltage resistance performance test

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
WD01 Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication
WD01 Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication

Application publication date: 20190118