CN109239484A - A kind of converter power transformer equivalent model test method - Google Patents

A kind of converter power transformer equivalent model test method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109239484A
CN109239484A CN201810852600.9A CN201810852600A CN109239484A CN 109239484 A CN109239484 A CN 109239484A CN 201810852600 A CN201810852600 A CN 201810852600A CN 109239484 A CN109239484 A CN 109239484A
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China
Prior art keywords
transformer
converter power
power transformer
phase
test method
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CN201810852600.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘洪涛
黄河
梅琪
周剑
李化
谢惠藩
林福昌
梅勇
涂静芸
孟佳
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
China Southern Power Grid Co Ltd
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
China Southern Power Grid Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201810852600.9A priority Critical patent/CN109239484A/en
Publication of CN109239484A publication Critical patent/CN109239484A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of converter power transformer equivalent model test methods, comprising: establishes and the equivalent Model Transformer of converter transformer iron core structure;According to the excitation curve of the iron core excitation Curve Design Model Transformer of converter power transformer;Using the harmonic measure circuit of Model Transformer, harmonic characterisitic of the Model Transformer under D.C. magnetic biasing effect is obtained.The present invention also has universality other than the corresponding harmonic characterisitic of available large-sized converter transformer, and the conclusion that can be obtained according to model experiment instructs Practical Project.

Description

A kind of converter power transformer equivalent model test method
Technical field
The invention belongs to high-voltage direct-current field of power transmission, test more particularly, to a kind of converter power transformer equivalent model Method.
Background technique
Currently, China is completed 1000kV extra-high-voltage alternating current and ± 800k extra-high voltage direct-current transmission engineering.It is handed in extra-high voltage In direct current mixing power grid, extra-high voltage DC transmission system is linked into ultra-high voltage AC transmission often through direct or layering mode In system, to realize trans-regional, power grid asynchronous interconnection.In addition, the high-power long distance power transmission between Grid When, line loss small advantage when direct current transportation has transmission is equidistant to wait capacity electric energy.Meanwhile electric energy size and direction exist It can quickly and accurately be adjusted in DC transmission system, thus make the power quality of coupled AC network and be System performance is also improved.
With the construction of direct current system and the continuous improvement of Power System Interconnection degree, electric network composition is increasingly sophisticated, system it is humorous Wave problem is increasingly prominent.With the construction of direct current system and the continuous improvement of Power System Interconnection degree, electric network composition is increasingly sophisticated, is The harmonic problem of system is increasingly prominent.For the harmonic wave that direct current system generates, at both ends, AC system fundamental frequency is identical and three-phase electric Under the conditions of gesture and parameter are all symmetrical, characteristic are as follows: the harmonic current number for flowing into AC system is n=kp ± 1, DC line On the harmonic current number that flows through be n=kp (p is the pulse number of inverter, and k is positive integer).Traditionally claim these overtone orders The respectively characteristic harmonics number of AC and DC system.Characteristic harmonics have just fully considered in Power System Planning and design phase, It can be filtered out by AC/DC Filters.And containing harmonic wave in AC system three-phase electromotive force, three-phase electromotive force or parameter be not right Claim, when Trigger Angle asymmetry and two sides AC system fundamental frequency difference, the harmonic wave as caused by DC transmission system is special Property become extremely complex, other than characteristic harmonics also include a large amount of uncharacteristic harmonics.In most cases, it is humorous to generate non-feature The asymmetry of wave component be it is very small, after (certain back-to-back connections make an exception) is usually filtered to direct current, these harmonic waves electricity Flow component generally only accounts for 1% or smaller.But harmonic current can cause great voltage distortion after system impedance.Not yet There is the filter circuit for its frequency.The non-characteristic frequency that lattice network or filter circuit are formed often has showing for parallel resonance As.Influence of the higher hamonic wave for system in uncharacteristic harmonics can be ignored, and low-order harmonic is the emphasis of current harmonic study.
In converter power transformer, D.C. magnetic biasing is produced mainly since DC current enters transformer winding with earth induction The mechanism of raw D.C. magnetic biasing is the same.The D.C. magnetic biasing of converter power transformer can with the magnetization characteristic under core sataration situation come It explains, as shown in Figure 1, flux curve and magnetizing current curve when dotted line is no DC current in figure under normal excitation.When straight When galvanic electricity stream flows into transformer winding, magnetic flux generates a biasingThe operating point of transformer rises, non-from former magnetization curve A part of saturation region (A point) moves to saturation region (B point), and exciting current is caused to be distorted in half wave cycles, is in peaked wave Shape, it is final to generate each harmonic component.
Illustrate transformer come the magnetization characteristic of approximate simulation transformer core using two sections of broken lines in Fig. 1 to facilitate D.C. magnetic biasing situation.When converter power transformer iron core is not saturated, exciting current only contains odd harmonic component (with 3,5 times Based on harmonic wave).If core sataration causes exciting current to distort when encouraging excessively, the substantially increasing of odd harmonic component will cause Add, exciting current is positive and negative half-wave symmetry waveform.And under Direct Current Bias, since the exciting current being distorted is not Positive-negative half-cycle wave is symmetrical, therefore its harmonic components, other than odd harmonic, even-order harmonic component especially 2 subharmonic account for phase When big ratio.
The D.C. magnetic biasing as caused by converter power transformer can generate second harmonic in AC system, work as secondary harmonic component It may result in that system is unstable when more, harmonic characterisitic of the research converter power transformer under D.C. magnetic biasing effect has guidance meaning Justice.Due to converter power transformer bulky, it is more difficult that characteristic test is carried out to converter power transformer, it is therefore desirable to which small design becomes Depressor model experiment, the conclusion obtained according to model experiment is to instruct Practical Project.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the above defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of examinations of converter power transformer equivalent model Thus proved recipe method solves to carry out characteristic test more to converter power transformer in the prior art due to converter power transformer bulky Difficult technical problem.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of converter power transformer equivalent model test methods, comprising:
It establishes and the equivalent Model Transformer of converter transformer iron core structure;
According to the excitation curve of the iron core excitation Curve Design Model Transformer of converter power transformer;
Using the harmonic measure circuit of Model Transformer, it is special to obtain harmonic wave of the Model Transformer under D.C. magnetic biasing effect Property.
Further, converter transformer iron core structure includes: single-phase two legged magnetic cores structure, single-phase three pillar type iron core knot Structure, three phase three limb core structure and three phase five pole type iron core structure.
Further, the magnetic circuit of Model Transformer is identical as converter power transformer magnetic circuit.
Further, the saturation induction density B of the silicon steel sheet of Model TransformermValue range be 1.7T < Bm< 1.8T。
Further, harmonic characterisitic includes: underexcitation, normal operation and encourages excessively.
Further, method further include:
Fourier decomposition is carried out to the exciting current under D.C. magnetic biasing effect, obtains harmonic wave distribution.
Further, harmonic characterisitic is used to be back-calculated to obtain the harmonic characterisitic of converter power transformer.
Further, method further include:
Conventional transformer characteristic test is carried out to Model Transformer, obtains the influence factor for influencing transformer harmonic wave, benefit The parameter selection of converter power transformer is instructed with influence factor.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, can obtain down and show Beneficial effect:
Difficult due to carrying out converter power transformer attribute testing, the present invention provides a kind of tests of converter power transformer equivalent model Method goes out Model Transformer according to converter power transformer equivalent arrangements, according to the iron core excitation Curve Design model of converter power transformer The excitation curve of transformer obtains Model Transformer under D.C. magnetic biasing effect using the harmonic measure circuit of Model Transformer Harmonic characterisitic.The present invention also has universality other than the corresponding harmonic characterisitic of available large-sized converter transformer, can be with Practical Project is instructed according to the conclusion that model experiment obtains.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is influence schematic diagram of the D.C. magnetic biasing provided by the invention to magnetic flux and exciting current;
Fig. 2 is single-phase two legged magnetic cores structural schematic diagram provided by the invention;
Fig. 3 is single-phase three pillar type core construction schematic diagram provided by the invention;
Fig. 4 is three phase three limb core structural schematic diagram provided by the invention;
Fig. 5 is three phase five pole type iron core structural schematic diagram provided by the invention;
Fig. 6 is transformer device structure schematic diagram provided by the invention;
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram in harmonic measure circuit provided by the invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below Not constituting a conflict with each other can be combined with each other.
Transformer iron-core structure to transformer allow by DC current levels have an impact, DC magnetic bias current is produced Raw influence also has apparent influence.Single-phase double-column formula iron core as shown in Figure 2 is cased with coil, iron prop on two core limbs It is simple in the form of silicon steel sheet is formed by overlapping such core construction by silicon steel sheet with the iron core of iron yoke, it is widely used in various types change Depressor.
Single-phase three pillar type iron core, that is, single phase three limb core, centre be a stem, both sides are return yoke, actually it It is considered the single-phase shell-type iron core being disposed vertically;Single-phase four legged magnetic core, that is, single-phase double-column return yoke formula iron core, centre are for two Stem, two, side is return yoke, and single-phase three pillar type iron core is as shown in Figure 3.
For this two kinds of iron core forms in magnetic path connection, magnetic circuit or so is symmetrical, therefore the magnetic flux in iron yoke and return yoke up and down The half being equal in stem.In the identical situation of magnetic flux density, the magnetic flux density flowed through in iron yoke is heart column section product 1/2.It should be noted that flow direction is opposite in two stems to single-phase double-column return yoke formula iron core.In Core Design, The height of iron yoke can be reduced using this structure, to just reduce the total height of iron core.
This form iron core is suitable for the single phase power transformer of high voltage large capcity, such as the product of 250MVA/500kV.
As shown in figure 4, there is coil on three core limbs of three phase three limb core, every column as a phase, this structural type Core construction form is simple, in when manufacture required equipment.Under excited state, A, the magnetic flux of C phase Hsinchu respectively equal to left and right two The magnetic flux of half part iron yoke, therefore interface can be equal to iron yoke section when designing stem, but two parts magnetic flux in phase but simultaneously It is non-in the same direction.Since three phase three limb core is the magnetic of such iron core made of combination variation on the basis of three single-phase Road be it is unbalanced, intermediate magnetic circuit is relatively short, and no-load current is accordingly smaller.Direct current flux exists in the transformer of such form There is no channel in iron core, can only oil circuit from the side pass through, the high magnetic resistance in oil makes direct current flux very little, therefore transformer is not easy It is influenced by DC magnetic bias current.The iron core of such form applies in general to capacity in 120MVA various three-phase core types below Transformer.
In order to reduce the shipping height of large-scale three-phase transformer, derivation on the basis of former three-phase three-limb transformer core Three-phase and five-pole core construction is formed.Briefly, a part of the yoke up and down of three phase three limb core A, C have been moved on into exactly The two sides of phase core limb and the return yoke formed, to reduce the whole height of iron core.The iron core of such form can be used for capacity In the three-phase five-limb transformer of 120MVA or more.
To three-phase five-limb core structure shown in fig. 5, the section of magnetic flux backward channel (return yoke) reduces, in lower magnetic Core sataration may occur under logical, therefore DC magnetic bias current is to the transformer obvious effect of this structure.For by The group formula transformer of single-phase transformer composition, because three iron cores all form the low magnetic circuits of closure, direct current to direct current flux The influence of bias current is the most prominent, the single-phase three pillar type structure of the existing 500kV converter power transformer in China.
500kV converter power transformer all uses single-phase three pillar type structure, therefore chooses single-phase three pillar type Model Transformer.Iron core Diameter selection the performance of transformer is influenced it is great, diameter choosing it is excessive when, iron increases again, and copper (pot) amount is used to increase, change Depressor is at short and stout shape;Core-diameter choosing it is too small when, then can obtain opposite result.If it is suitable that core-diameter obtains, Meet its performance parameter impedance voltage, load loss, no-load current, no-load loss etc.) and in the case where being simple to manufacture, often select One core-diameter, so that it may design a kind of transformer for meeting performance parameter.To choose optimal core-diameter, generally may be used With reference to following formula:
In formula, D is core-diameter (mm), and Sleg is the every column capacity of transformer (KVA), and K is empirical coefficient.
K value with the difference of transformer performance standard, conductor material, iron core (cold rolling or hot rolling) and transformer capacity and Difference substantially can refer to the selection of table 1.
1 empirical coefficient K value table of table
According to the single-phase double winding mode of connection, by taking S=2KVA as an example, for copper wire, D=58 at this time~ 64mm is 54~60mm for aluminum steel.
According to the transformer for calculating design as shown in fig. 6, stem diameter is 60mm, return yoke diameter is 50mm, and use is single-phase Three pillar type structure, the double return yoke structures of single-phase zone.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention provides a kind of converter power transformer equivalent model test methods, comprising:
It is established according to the no-load characteristic of converter power transformer, excitation property and size equivalent with converter transformer iron core structure Model Transformer;
According to the excitation curve of the iron core excitation Curve Design Model Transformer of converter power transformer;
Using the harmonic measure circuit of Model Transformer, it is special to obtain harmonic wave of the Model Transformer under D.C. magnetic biasing effect Property.
Equipment used by testing and instrument include: test single-phase isolating transformer, pressure regulator and isolating transformer, bear Resistance and slide wire resistance are carried, sampling resistor takes and (notices that power will meet the requirements), with the oscillograph number of winning the confidence, DC power supply.
Fig. 7 show harmonic measure circuit, by adjust adjustable resistance the adjustable DC bias current of size it is big It is small, by sampling resistor R1, exciting current is exported to and carried out frequency analysis, obtains the change under different DC magnetic bias current sizes The harmonic characterisitic of depressor exciting current.
Whether the waveform that output is observed in oscillograph is seen stable, if close to sine wave.Also observable battery generates Direct current whether close requirement.It adjusts and borrows slide-wire rheostat, add the normal excitation of alternating current, be then gradually reduced resistance to zero, observe this The variation (either with or without the obvious distortion of generation, while paying attention to transformer core either with or without the sound for issuing exception) of period waveform.Such as During resistance is transferred to minimum value from maximum value by fruit, waveform does not obviously distort.Then illustrate this isolating transformer work magnetic Close value is lower.The increase of direct current source value can be carried out observing effect again.If it is observed that waveform obviously distorts, record is distorted The adjustable electric resistance value of that time.When return, adjustable electric resistance value when waveform switchs to normal by distorting is recorded.It is repeatable to do several times To observe whether its distortion point determines near a certain resistance value.Assuming that iron core reaches saturation, waveform when adjustable resistance is R It is distorted.6 points are then taken out in 0~R and record primary current waveform, analyze its second harmonic.
Fourier decomposition is carried out to the exciting current under D.C. magnetic biasing effect, obtains harmonic wave distribution.Harmonic characterisitic be used for into Row is back-calculated to obtain the harmonic characterisitic of converter power transformer.Conventional transformer characteristic test is carried out to Model Transformer, is influenced The influence factor of transformer harmonic wave instructs the parameter selection of converter power transformer using influence factor.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all include Within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of converter power transformer equivalent model test method characterized by comprising
It establishes and the equivalent Model Transformer of converter transformer iron core structure;
According to the excitation curve of the iron core excitation Curve Design Model Transformer of converter power transformer;
Using the harmonic measure circuit of Model Transformer, harmonic characterisitic of the Model Transformer under D.C. magnetic biasing effect is obtained.
2. a kind of converter power transformer equivalent model test method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the change of current transformation Device core construction includes: single-phase two legged magnetic cores structure, single-phase three pillar type core construction, three phase three limb core structure and three-phase Five limbs type core structure.
3. a kind of converter power transformer equivalent model test method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the model The magnetic circuit of transformer is identical as converter power transformer magnetic circuit.
4. a kind of converter power transformer equivalent model test method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the model The saturation induction density B of the silicon steel sheet of transformermValue range be 1.7T < Bm< 1.8T.
5. a kind of converter power transformer equivalent model test method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the harmonic wave Characteristic includes: underexcitation, normal operation and encourages excessively.
6. a kind of converter power transformer equivalent model test method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the method Further include:
Fourier decomposition is carried out to the exciting current under D.C. magnetic biasing effect, obtains harmonic wave distribution.
7. a kind of converter power transformer equivalent model test method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the harmonic wave Characteristic is used to be back-calculated to obtain the harmonic characterisitic of converter power transformer.
8. a kind of converter power transformer equivalent model test method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the method Further include:
Conventional transformer characteristic test is carried out to Model Transformer, is obtained the influence factor for influencing transformer harmonic wave, is utilized shadow The factor of sound instructs the parameter selection of converter power transformer.
CN201810852600.9A 2018-07-28 2018-07-28 A kind of converter power transformer equivalent model test method Pending CN109239484A (en)

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