CN109238924A - A kind of seabed ultra-soft soil flow intensity adjustable test device and method - Google Patents
A kind of seabed ultra-soft soil flow intensity adjustable test device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109238924A CN109238924A CN201811322403.2A CN201811322403A CN109238924A CN 109238924 A CN109238924 A CN 109238924A CN 201811322403 A CN201811322403 A CN 201811322403A CN 109238924 A CN109238924 A CN 109238924A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
- G01N11/10—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material
- G01N11/14—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material by using rotary bodies, e.g. vane
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
- G01N11/10—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material
- G01N11/12—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material by measuring rising or falling speed of the body; by measuring penetration of wedged gauges
Abstract
A kind of seabed ultra-soft soil flow intensity adjustable test device and method, belong to seabed weak soil strength test technical field, including carrying platform, form regulation system, Rheological strength test device, control and injection system, Data acquisition and storage system, paddle rotor and automatic telescopic feeler lever.Device is transported to sea bed to be measured and realizes grease it in and safe retrieving by carrying platform；Form regulation system ensures that device can vertical injection sea bed；Fixed boundary round tube is inserted into the soil layer of multiple depth with the quaterfoil paddle rotor equipped with automatic telescopic feeler lever, carries out the test of both of which by Rheological strength test device by control and injection system；Data acquisition and storage system is responsible for acquisition, record and transmission data；Carry out analysis and application based on test data.The test of covering whole shear rate range seabed ultra-soft soil flow intensity adjustable can be achieved in the present invention, has the advantages that independence is high, and connection is simple, automatic operation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to seabed weak soil strength test technical fields, are related to seabed weak soil stream under the conditions of different shear rate
The test and research of intensity adjustable characteristic, especially for high-moisture, high void ratio, high sensitivity, high-compressibility seabed ultra-soft
Soil.
Background technique
Ultra-soft soil (Ultra-Soft Soil) has referred to the littoral facies of recent deposit, lakes and marhshes since the Recent Epoch in the Quaternary Period (Q4)
Phase, delta facies owe consolidating mud clay and mud and reclaiming land around sea hydraulic reclamation process is formed by mud and stream mud [leaf state
Good, the engineering properties of Guo Shujun, the front yard Zhu Yao ultra-soft soil analyze [J] China port and harbour construction, 2010 (5): 1-9].To Yu Haiyang rock
Geotechnological Cheng Eryan, the clast stream and mudflow that the shallow marine sediment in seabed, submarine landslide are developed, is more suitable for being defined as ultra-soft
Soil is seabed ultra-soft soil.Seabed ultra-soft soil has high-moisture percentage (> 70%), high void ratio (>=2.0), the extremely low (< of Natural gas composition
5kPa), the features such as high liquid limit (liquidity index), high sensitivity, high-compressibility, poor permeability, the small coefficient of consolidation.
Currently, country carries forward vigorously the plan of construction ocean power, ocean engineering construction such as fire such as special expansion.However, extra large
Bottom geological conditions complex, especially petroleum resources abysmal area abundant are dispersed with extensive seabed ultra-soft soil here.Once
It carries out engineering construction or meets with dynamic loads, the seabed ultra-soft soil layers such as earthquake to be disturbed, further result in softening [Biscontin
G,Pestana J M,Nadim F.Seismic triggering of submarine slides in soft cohesive
Soil deposits [J] .Marine Geology, 2004,203 (3): 341-354] rather than liquefaction (liquefaction refers generally to no stickiness
Soil), intensity declines rapidly, and foundation of sea floor is caused to fail, and the serious submarine landslide that is evolved into (submarine landslide can be to large-scale sea
Foreign job facilities damage, or even induce large-scale tsunami).In order to quantify the mechanical property of seabed ultra-soft soil, rheology
Intensive parameter (including: Rheological strength, shear rate, apparent viscosity) plays the role of vital.The stream of seabed ultra-soft soil
Intensity adjustable parameter can instruct and serve the anchoring system of the marine geologic disasters evaluation before petroleum resources exploitation, oil-gas mining platform
The design and construction of the seafloor structures such as system and submerged pipeline.
However, current means of testing is such as: static sounding tests (CPT), (T-bar/Ball), ten are tested in full flowing injection
Letter stencil shearing test (VST) is only capable of in a certain very low bitrate (general < 0.2s-1) under conditions of tested, it is difficult into
The Rheological strength test of the slightly higher shear rate of row；It is less able to achieve the ultra-soft soil to a certain erect-position, a certain depth, difference is carried out and cuts
Follow-on test under the conditions of cutting speed rate.For example, for the torpedo anchor (diameter 0.76-1.2m) in submarine anchoring system,
Penetrating speed can reach 30m/s, and the shear rate of ultra-soft soil can reach 40s-1；For the disaster of umbilical (diameter 0.1-1m) system
For evaluation, for the impact velocity of submarine landslide up to 10m/s, the shear rate of ultra-soft soil can reach 100s-1.Based on mentioned above
Engineering background it is found that the means of testing shear rate at scene still differs the 2-3 order of magnitude at present, it is difficult to it is native to meet seabed ultra-soft
In-situ test demand.Therefore, extremely urgent to the further investigation of seabed ultra-soft soil, a kind of energy test is especially developed as early as possible
Under the conditions of different shear rate, the in-situ testing device of seabed ultra-soft soil flow intensity adjustable characteristic.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the deficiency of current seabed ultra-soft soil flow intensity adjustable test, a kind of same erect-position, multiple of capable of testing is provided
The in-situ testing device of different depth seabed ultra-soft soil flow intensity adjustable, the survey of whole shear rate range needed for there is covering engineering
Examination ability, and its principle and application method are elaborated, and measure the further application of result, it is built to meet ocean engineering
If the needs with submarine geological hazard evaluation.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of seabed ultra-soft soil flow intensity adjustable test device, including carrying platform 1, form regulation system 2, Rheological strength are surveyed
3, control and injection system 4, Data acquisition and storage system 5, paddle rotor 7 and automatic telescopic feeler lever 8 are set in trial assembly.
The carrying platform 1 by Rheological strength test device 3, can be transported to the sea bed surface in sea area to be measured and realize
Multiple grease it in and safe retrieving.In addition, carrying platform 1 be capable of providing Rheological strength test device 3 needed for counter-force.According to
The depth condition and geological environment in sea area to be measured, carrying platform optional abyss lander " ends of the earth " number, vehicle " experiment in situ
Number ", lander " cape " number, the autonomous remote underwater robot of Quan Haishen " Hai Dou " number and at present in " the deep-sea key skill ground
Art and equipment " field state key research and development plan " in-situ testing device of bottom sediment mechanical characteristic " etc..
The form regulation system 2 is link mechanism, and carrying platform 1 is surveyed by form regulation system 2 and Rheological strength
The connection of 3 tops is set in trial assembly；Form regulation system 2 can receive after 1 grease it in of carrying platform from control and injection system
4 signal forms mutually feedback, by adjusting separately the length and angle of four connecting rods in form regulation system 2, guarantees Rheological strength
The flatness of test device 3, it is ensured that Rheological strength test device 3 can be in vertical injection sea bed.
Paddle rotor 7 can be sent into multiple and different depths by automatic telescopic feeler lever 8 by the Rheological strength test device 3
In the soil layer of degree, to carry out Rheological strength test.3 two sides of Rheological strength test device are equipped with control and injection system
4 and data acquisition with storage system 5；Middle part is equipped with paddle rotor 7 and automatic telescopic feeler lever 8；They are passed by data and signal
Defeated mode connects, and cooperates.
The control and injection system 4 can receive the attitude data from form regulation system 2, and then control posture
Adjustment system 2 guarantees the operating position of Rheological strength test device 3；It can be realized fixed boundary round tube 6 and carry paddle rotor
78 injection of automatic telescopic feeler lever records depth of penetration (h to same erect-position, multiple designated depthsw+hs+ H), after the completion of test
Recycling, carries out the test of next erect-position；It also can accept data the data feedback of acquisition Yu storage system 5；Importantly, may be used also
Pass through both of which Stress Control formula (rotating torque being applied with fixed intensity gradient, record angular speed) and strain controlling formula
(applying angular speed with fixed shear rate gradient, record rotating torque), realizes paddle rotor 7 and automatic telescopic feeler lever respectively
Test is carried out in 8 rotation.
The Data acquisition and storage system 5 can be divided by internal torque sensor and rotary displacement transducer
Do not record the angular velocity omega of the torque M' being subject to and rotation, and by data record with store, also transfer data to control
System realizes mutually feedback control.
The fixed boundary round tube 6 for capableing of automatic telescopic is also provided in the middle part of the Rheological strength test device 3, it can
Shear rate is more accurately calculated, is equipped with paddle rotor 7 and automatic telescopic feeler lever 8 at 6 central axes of fixed boundary round tube；Fixed edge
Boundary's round tube 6 and paddle rotor 7 are inserted into the soil layer of multiple depth simultaneously, carry out the test of both of which.According to actual engineering need
It wants, chooses whether injection.The fixed boundary round tube 6 can carry out appropriate according to the size and Practical Project of paddle rotor 7
Adjustment.
The paddle rotor 7 is the tool for testing seabed ultra-soft soil flow intensity adjustable, and size is according to soil layer to be measured
Information be adjusted.It is recommended that the ratio of its height H and diameter D is taken as 2；The higher soil layer of intensity, the size of paddle rotor 7 are answered
It is smaller.The paddle rotor (7) is quaterfoil structure.
The automatic telescopic feeler lever 8 is for paddle rotor 7 is connected with Rheological strength test device 3, by paddle rotor 7
It is inserted into multiple and different depth soil layers and takes back in Rheological strength test device 3.
A kind of seabed ultra-soft soil flow intensity adjustable test method, comprising the following steps:
Firstly, situations such as according to the depth of water in seabed, select suitable carrying platform 1；Further according to relevant engineering background, in advance
The test pattern that first sets, whether the information such as injection fixed boundary round tube 6, the size of paddle rotor 7 and depth of penetration.Its
It is secondary, Rheological strength test device 3 is transferred into designated place by carrying platform 1, carries out test and recyclable device.Finally, root
According to the data in Data acquisition and storage system 5, the calculating, processing and analysis of data are carried out, relevant evaluation parameter is provided, refers to
Lead engineering design and scientific research.Specifically:
The calculation formula of Rheological strength isIt can further be reduced toThe calculation formula of shear rate isWithThe calculating of apparent viscosity
Formula is
Wherein, suFor the Rheological strength of ultra-soft soil, Pa；M' is the torque of the torque sensor record inside device, Nm；
d0For the diameter of automatic telescopic feeler lever, m；hwThe length in seawater, m are in for automatic telescopic feeler lever；μwFor the viscosity of seawater,
Pa·s；For the shear rate of seawater, s-1；To cover the average value for having measured soil layer Rheological strength, Pa on same erect-position；hs
The length in soil, m are in for automatic telescopic feeler lever；H and D is respectively the height and diameter of paddle rotor, m；For ultra-soft soil
Shear rate, s-1；KγIt is shear rate constant；ω is the angular speed of the rotary displacement transducer record inside device, rad/s；r
For the radius of quaterfoil paddle rotor, m；R is the radius of boundary round tube, m；μappFor the apparent viscosity of ultra-soft soil, Pas.
Effect of the invention is with benefit: each system independence of device is high, and connection is simple, at low cost, practical convenient for engineering
With scientific research application；It is easy to operate, after land is set, whole-course automation operation can be achieved after entering water；Test scope is wide,
Rheological strength parameter and its evolutionary process that current engineering is badly in need of shear rate gamut can be tested.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the overall schematic of device；
Fig. 2 is the top view of device；
Fig. 3 is the section of device and using schematic diagram；
In figure: 1 carrying platform；2 form regulation systems；3 Rheological strength test devices；4 controls and injection system；5 data
Acquisition and storage system；6 fixed boundary round tubes；7 paddle rotors；8 automatic telescopic feeler levers.
Specific embodiment
A specific embodiment of the invention is described in detail below in conjunction with technical solution (and attached drawing).
A kind of seabed ultra-soft soil flow intensity adjustable test device and method, including carrying platform, form regulation system, rheology are strong
Spend test device, control and injection system, Data acquisition and storage system, fixed boundary round tube, quaterfoil paddle rotor and from
Dynamic flexible feeler lever.Situations such as according to seabottom geology condition and the depth of water, selects suitable carrying platform 1.It is carried on the back according to relevant engineering
The requirement of scape and measuring accuracy pre-sets test pattern, bending under the conditions of general Stress Control formula test low shear rate
Take the parameters such as stress more preferably, strain controlling formula tests Rheological strength under the conditions of middle and high shear rate and pasting parameter more preferably；Choosing
Select whether injection fixed boundary round tube 6, the shear rate value that general injection fixed boundary round tube 6 calculates is more accurate；Select paddle
The size of rotor 7, it is proposed that be selected as height 10cm and diameter 5cm；Depth of penetration is selected, theoretically testable depth does not limit
System, but the restriction of counter-force is provided by carrying platform 1, the depth that can be tested is limited, it is proposed that at least every 2-3 times of rotor height
Test primary (in first depth test, it is ensured that be fully inserted into soil layer), can measure same erect-position, multiple and different depth it is super
Soft soil rheological intensive parameter.After all preparatory conditions are carried out, Rheological strength test device 3 is transferred to through carrying platform 1 specified
Adjust automatically posture is carried out test and (it is recommended that after injection to target depth, stops 2-3min by place, Rheological strength test device 3
Carry out test afterwards, and in being completed in 5min), then automatic recycling device, then next bit test is taken to through carrying platform,
After being tested etc. all erect-positions, recycling water outlet.Finally, reading data acquisition in land disassembly, maintenance and save set and depositing
Data in storage system 5 carry out the arrangement and analysis of data, provide relevant evaluation parameter and computation model, engineering is instructed to set
Meter and scientific research.
Rheological strength, shear rate and the apparent viscosity of seabed ultra-soft soil is calculated as follows.
M '=Mw+Ms+M (1.1)
In formula: M' is the torque of the torque sensor record inside device, Nm；MwSeawater is in for automatic telescopic feeler lever
In the torque that is subject to, Nm；MsThe torque being subject in soil, Nm are in for automatic telescopic feeler lever；M is at quaterfoil paddle rotor
The torque that Yu Tuzhong is subject to, Nm；τwFor the shearing stress of seawater, Pa；d0For the diameter of automatic telescopic feeler lever, m；hwTo stretch automatically
Contracting feeler lever is in the length in seawater, can be determined according to initial position and control with the data in injection system, m；μwFor seawater
Viscosity, Pas；For the shear rate of seawater, the shear rate of ultra-soft soil can be taken ass-1；To be covered on same erect-position
The average value for having measured soil layer Rheological strength, when above covering endlessly survey soil layer, (i.e. the erect-position is tested for the first time) is taken as su, Pa；hs
It is in the length in soil for automatic telescopic feeler lever, can be determined according to initial position and control with the data in injection system, m；su
For the Rheological strength of ultra-soft soil, Pa；H and D is respectively the height and diameter of paddle rotor, m；For the shear rate of ultra-soft soil, s-1；KγIt is shear rate constant, it is the function of quaterfoil paddle rotor radius r Yu boundary round tube radius R, when not having injection side
When boundary's round tube, KγTake 0.2094；ω is the angular speed of the rotary displacement transducer record inside device, rad/s；R is quaterfoil
The radius of paddle rotor, m；R is the radius of boundary round tube, m；μappFor the apparent viscosity of ultra-soft soil, Pas.
When for engineer application, the Rheological strength calculation formula of ultra-soft soil can be simplified, it is as follows.
Processing can be fitted to the result of test, obtain numerical value Rheological strength model.It is proposed with Bingham rheology
Strength model or Herschel-Bulkley Rheological strength model are fitted.Wherein Herschel-Bulkley Rheological strength mould
The expression formula of type is as follows.
In formula: τyIt is yield stress, Pa；K is consistency coefficient, Pas；N is Rheological Index, the Herschel- as n=1
Bulkley Rheological strength model degradation is Bingham Rheological strength model.
Embodiment described above only expresses embodiments of the present invention, and but it cannot be understood as to the invention patent
Range limitation, it is noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, also
Several modifications and improvements can be made, these are all belonged to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of seabed ultra-soft soil flow intensity adjustable test device, which is characterized in that the test device includes carrying platform
(1), form regulation system (2), Rheological strength test device (3), control and injection system (4), Data acquisition and storage system
(5), paddle rotor (7) and automatic telescopic feeler lever (8)；
The carrying platform (1) is for being transported to the sea bed surface in sea area to be measured for Rheological strength test device (3) and realizing
Multiple grease it in and safe retrieving；
The form regulation system (2) is link mechanism, and carrying platform (1) passes through form regulation system (2) and Rheological strength
Test device (3) connection, and form regulation system (2) can receive after carrying platform (1) lands from control and injection system
The signal of system (4), and the attitude data of itself is fed back into control and injection system (4), mutually feedback is formed, by adjusting posture tune
The length and angle of connecting rod in whole system (2) guarantee the flatness of Rheological strength test device (3), it is ensured that Rheological strength test
Device (3) can be in vertical injection sea bed；
The Rheological strength test device (3) is connected with each other by way of data and signal transmission, is cooperated, is carried out and survey
Examination, two sides are respectively equipped with control and injection system (4) and data acquisition and storage system (5), middle part are visited equipped with automatic telescopic
Bar (8), the automatic telescopic feeler lever (8) connect with paddle rotor (7), and paddle rotor (7) is for testing seabed ultra-soft soil flow
Intensity adjustable；
The control and injection system (4) is used to receive the attitude data of form regulation system (2), and then passes through control posture
Adjustment system (2) guarantees the operating position of Rheological strength test device (3)；It can also control and carry the automatic of paddle rotor (7)
Feeler lever (8) injection stretch to same erect-position, multiple designated depth soil layers, and records depth of penetration, is recycled after the completion of test, carries out
The test of next erect-position；Also it can realize that the rotation of paddle rotor (7) and automatic telescopic feeler lever (8) is opened by two kinds of test patterns
Exhibition test；It also can accept data the data feedback of acquisition Yu storage system (5)；
The Data acquisition and storage system (5) is recorded respectively by internal torque sensor and rotary displacement transducer
The angular speed of the torque and rotation that are subject to, records and stores data, transfers data to control and injection system (4), realizes mutual
Feedback control.
2. a kind of seabed ultra-soft soil flow intensity adjustable test device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the control
It is respectively as follows: with two kinds of test patterns of injection system (4) and answering for rotating torque record angular speed is applied with fixed intensity gradient
Force control mode, and the strain controlling mode that angular speed records rotating torque is applied with fixed shear rate gradient.
3. a kind of seabed ultra-soft soil flow intensity adjustable test device according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that described
The fixed boundary round tube (6) for capableing of automatic telescopic, fixed boundary round tube are also provided in the middle part of Rheological strength test device (3)
(6) paddle rotor (7) and automatic telescopic feeler lever (8) are equipped at central axes；Fixed boundary round tube (6) and paddle rotor (7) are simultaneously
It is inserted into the soil layer of multiple depth, carries out the test of both of which.
4. a kind of seabed ultra-soft soil flow intensity adjustable test device according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that described
Paddle rotor (7) is quaterfoil structure.
5. a kind of seabed ultra-soft soil flow intensity adjustable test device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the paddle
Rotor (7) is quaterfoil structure.
6. -5 any test devices carry out seabed ultra-soft soil flow intensity adjustable test method, feature according to claim 1
It is, comprising the following steps:
Firstly, situations such as according to the depth of water in seabed, select suitable carrying platform 1；Further according to relevant engineering background, set in advance
The test pattern set, whether the information such as injection fixed boundary round tube (6), the size of paddle rotor 7 and depth of penetration；Secondly,
Rheological strength test device 3 is transferred into designated place by carrying platform 1, carries out test and recyclable device；Finally, according to number
According to acquisition and the data in storage system 5, the calculating, processing and analysis of data are carried out:
The calculation formula of Rheological strength isIt can further be reduced toThe calculation formula of shear rate isWithThe calculating of apparent viscosity
Formula is
Wherein, suFor the Rheological strength of ultra-soft soil, Pa；M' is the torque of the torque sensor record inside device, Nm；d0For
The diameter of automatic telescopic feeler lever, m；hwThe length in seawater, m are in for automatic telescopic feeler lever；μwFor the viscosity of seawater, Pas；For the shear rate of seawater, s-1；To cover the average value for having measured soil layer Rheological strength, Pa on same erect-position；hsIt is automatic
Flexible feeler lever is in the length in soil, m；H and D is respectively the height and diameter of paddle rotor, m；For the shearing speed of ultra-soft soil
Rate, s-1；KγIt is shear rate constant；ω is the angular speed of the rotary displacement transducer record inside device, rad/s；R is four leaves
The radius of piece paddle rotor, m；R is the radius of boundary round tube, m；μappFor the apparent viscosity of ultra-soft soil, Pas.
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| CN111122348A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-05-08 | 温州大学 | Computing method for predicting rheological strength of ultra-soft soil with sea area |
| WO2021000342A1 (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2021-01-07 | 大连理工大学 | Apparatus for continuously measuring soil parameters of large-scale soft soil site |
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