CN109236248B - Automatic balancing method of beam-pumping unit and beam-pumping unit with automatic leveling function - Google Patents
Automatic balancing method of beam-pumping unit and beam-pumping unit with automatic leveling function Download PDFInfo
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- CN109236248B CN109236248B CN201810806570.8A CN201810806570A CN109236248B CN 109236248 B CN109236248 B CN 109236248B CN 201810806570 A CN201810806570 A CN 201810806570A CN 109236248 B CN109236248 B CN 109236248B
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- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
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- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B47/00—Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of pumping unit equipment and application, in particular to an automatic balancing method of a beam pumping unit and the beam pumping unit with automatic leveling, wherein the automatic balancing method comprises the following steps: firstly, an electric control module receives a position signal of an induction component and current monitoring data of a current detection component in real time and calibrates the position signal according to a working condition; secondly, the electric control module compares the acquired current monitoring data according to time intervals to screen out the maximum value in the time intervals; the device comprises a base, a support, a driving device, a walking beam, a horse head, a balance weight, a linear actuating mechanism, an electric control module, an induction component and a current detection component, wherein the support, the driving device and the electric control module are fixedly arranged on the base. The invention can realize the automation of the balance adjustment of the beam pumping unit, the balance adjustment is simple and convenient, the time and the labor are saved, the shutdown and the manual balance adjustment are not needed, the step of the balance adjustment is simplified, the balance adjustment efficiency is improved, the manual operation is not needed, and the safety factor is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pumping unit equipment and application, in particular to an automatic balancing method of a beam-pumping unit and the beam-pumping unit with automatic leveling.
Background
The existing beam-pumping unit is mainly of a rear-mounted four-bar structure and generally comprises a horse head, a walking beam, a support, a connecting rod, a base, a crank, a balance weight, a speed reducer, a motor and a rope hanger, wherein the support, the speed reducer, the motor and the like are fixedly mounted on the base, the walking beam is hinged on the support, one end of the connecting rod is hinged on the crank of the speed reducer, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged on the walking beam, a four-bar mechanism is formed, the front end of the walking beam is mounted at the horse head, and the rope hanger is mounted on the horse head.
Because the oil well loads in the up stroke and the down stroke are greatly different, the oil pumping unit needs to be provided with enough balance weights in order to reduce the specifications of a speed reducer and a motor and reduce energy consumption. In the practical production application, the load of the pumping unit is changed frequently due to underground working condition change, working fluid level change, oil temperature and viscosity change and the like, the fixed balance weight is difficult to balance the load, the balance degree often exceeds a reasonable range, and the electric energy consumed by the pumping unit is increased or even the overload damage accident of components occurs. When the degree of balance is out of a reasonable range, balance adjustment is required. The common method of balance adjustment is to perform balance adjustment on the pumping unit by measuring a balance value, stopping the pumping unit, manually adjusting a balance mechanism, restarting the pumping unit for measurement, checking and the like, and sometimes the pumping unit needs to be adjusted repeatedly for multiple times to meet the requirements, but generally only can reach 80% of balance degree, and certain potential safety hazards exist in field balance adjustment operation. Therefore, the commonly applied balance adjustment mode has the problems of time and labor waste, more starting and stopping times of the machine, more frequency, low safety coefficient and common effect.
With the development of automatic control technology, various automatic balance adjusting technologies are applied to balance adjustment of the oil pumping unit in sequence, but because the oil pumping unit continuously works in a severe field environment for twenty-four hours, all parts are required to have extremely high durability, and induction and control components applied to the current tested new technology have cycle time limitation and use environment requirements, the oil pumping unit is generally applied to the oil pumping unit for a service life of only a few months, and the cycle time required by the oil pumping unit cannot be far reached, the cost of the prior art is very high, and the oil pumping unit is uneconomical to be applied to remanufacturing idle oil pumping units with low residual value.
The beam-pumping unit has been used in hundreds of years in production, and each oil field generally has a large amount of idle beam-pumping units that the technique lags behind, causes very big equipment waste. The existing common method for oil fields is to reform an idle oil pumping unit by using the existing balance technology, improve the balance performance and safety performance of the idle oil pumping unit, recycle the oil pumping unit and coil idle assets, but the problems of large balance adjustment difficulty, high technical cost and short service life of the balance reformation still exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an automatic balancing method of a beam-pumping unit and the beam-pumping unit with automatic leveling, which overcome the defects of the prior art and can effectively solve the problems of time and labor waste, multiple starting and stopping times and frequency of a machine, low safety coefficient and general effect of the balance adjusting mode of the conventional beam-pumping unit; the problems of high balance adjusting difficulty, high technical cost and short service life of balance transformation of an idle pumping unit can be further solved.
One of the technical schemes of the invention is realized by the following measures: a beam-pumping unit automatic balancing method, the said beam-pumping unit includes the electronic control module that can realize data handling and signal receiving and dispatching, can change the straight line actuating mechanism of the arm of force between fulcrum of the balance weight and beam through the flexible change, can monitor the current detection part of the current value of the drive unit in real time and can induce the induction part of the peak point and valley point of the horse head stroke, the signal output terminal of the current detection part and induction part is connected with every signal input terminal of the electronic control module together electrically separately, the signal input terminal of the flexible regulating module of the straight line actuating mechanism is connected with signal output terminal of the electronic control module together electrically;
the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, an automatic balancing program is started through an electric control module, and the electric control module controls an induction component and a current detection component to be electrified;
secondly, the electric control module receives the position signal of the induction component and the current monitoring data of the current detection component in real time and calibrates the position signal according to the working condition; the specific operation of calibrating the position signal is as follows:
(1) when the donkey head moves to a peak point, the sensing part detects a peak point signal and sends the peak point signal to the electronic control module, and the time point of the electronic control module receiving the peak point signal is recorded as the end of an up stroke and the beginning of a down stroke;
(2) when the horse head moves to a valley point, the sensing part detects a valley point signal and sends the valley point signal to the electric control module, and the time point when the electric control module receives the valley point signal is marked as the end of a down stroke and the beginning of an up stroke;
thirdly, the electric control module compares the acquired current monitoring data according to time intervals to screen out the maximum value in the time intervals, and the specific operation is as follows:
(1) recording the time period from the beginning to the end of the upstroke as an upstroke period, and comparing and screening current monitoring data received in the upstroke period by an electric control module to obtain an upstroke current peak value x;
(2) recording the time period from the beginning to the end of the downstroke as a downstroke period, and comparing and screening the current monitoring data received in the downstroke period by the electronic control module to obtain a downstroke current peak value y;
fourthly, calculating a balance ratio k in real time through an electric control module, wherein k = x/y;
fifthly, presetting a length variable set value of the linear actuating mechanism in the electric control module, and presetting a judgment threshold value of a balance ratio k in the electric control module, wherein the minimum threshold value is kminMaximum threshold value of kmaxAnd k is compared with a judgment threshold value through an electric control module, and the comparison result is divided into the following three types:
(1) when k ismin≤k≤kmaxReturning to the second step;
(2) when k < kminWhen the length of the balance arm is shortened, a control signal for shortening the balance arm of force is sent to a telescopic adjusting module of the linear actuating mechanism through the electric control module, the linear actuating mechanism finishes a length shortening process according to a length variable set value and returns to the second step;
(3) when k > kmaxWhen the length variable is set, the electric control module sends out a control signal for extending the balance force arm to the telescopic regulating module of the linear executing mechanism, and the linear executing mechanism completes one operation according to the length variable set valueThe secondary length extension process and returns to the second step.
And sixthly, recording the process from the second step to the fifth step as a self-adjusting balancing process, controlling the times of the self-adjusting balancing process by the electric control module, and controlling the power-off of the induction component and the current detection component by the electric control module when the total times of the self-adjusting balancing process reaches the preset times of self-adjusting circulation, thereby finishing the automatic balancing program.
The following is a further optimization or/and improvement of one of the above-mentioned technical solutions of the invention:
k aboveminMay be between 0.95 and 0.99, kmaxAnd may be between 1.01 and 1.05.
The preset number of self-regulation cycles can be between 2 and 5.
The second technical scheme of the invention is realized by the following measures: a walking beam type automatic leveling pumping unit comprises a base, a support, a driving device, a walking beam, a horse head, a balance weight, a linear actuating mechanism, a driving connecting rod, an electric control module, a sensing component and a current detection component, wherein the support, the driving device and the electric control module are fixedly mounted on the base; the walking beam is provided with a sensing part which can sense the peak point and the valley point of the horse head stroke, the driving equipment is provided with a current detection part which can monitor the current value of the driving equipment in real time, the signal output ends of the current detection part and the sensing part are respectively and electrically connected with the signal input ends of the electric control module, and the signal input end of the telescopic adjusting module of the linear actuating mechanism is electrically connected with the signal output end of the electric control module.
The following is further optimization or/and improvement of the second technical scheme of the invention:
the electric cabinet can be mounted on the base, the time relay is arranged in the electric cabinet, the power supply modules of the induction component and the current detection component are respectively and electrically connected with the time relay, the time relay can be switched on to supply power to the induction component and the current detection component in an on state, and the time relay can be switched off to supply power to the induction component and the current detection component in an off state.
The electric control module can be a PLC controller, the PLC controller is installed in the electric cabinet, the signal output ends of the current detection part and the induction part are respectively and electrically connected with the signal input ends of the PLC controller, and the signal input end of the telescopic adjusting module of the linear executing mechanism is electrically connected with the signal output end of the PLC controller.
The balance weight connecting rod can be arranged between the right end of the balance beam and the balance weight, the middle of the balance weight connecting rod is hinged with the right end of the balance beam, the balance weight is installed at the lower end of the balance weight connecting rod, the left end of the linear actuating mechanism is hinged with the upper side of the middle of the balance beam, and the other end of the linear actuating mechanism is hinged with the upper end of the balance weight connecting rod.
Above-mentioned response part can include left proximity switch and right proximity switch, and left proximity switch and right proximity switch's signal output part respectively with each signal input end electric connection of automatically controlled module together, left proximity switch and right proximity switch are installed respectively to the left and right sides at support top, left side proximity switch can sense the walking beam and send the signal to automatically controlled module when the horse head goes down to the valley point, right side proximity switch can sense the walking beam and send the signal to automatically controlled module when the horse head goes up to the peak point.
The driving device can comprise a driving motor and a speed reducer, an output shaft of the driving motor is in transmission connection with an input shaft of the speed reducer, a crank is installed on the output shaft of the speed reducer in a linkage manner, and one end of a driving connecting rod is hinged with the other end of the crank; the current detection part is an alternating current transformer, the alternating current transformer is electrically connected with the driving motor, and the signal output end of the alternating current transformer is electrically connected with the signal input end of the electric control module.
The linear actuating mechanism can be an electric push rod, one end of the electric push rod is hinged with the upper side of the middle of the walking beam, the other end of the electric push rod is hinged with the upper end of the balance weight connecting rod, and the signal input end of the telescopic adjusting module of the linear actuating mechanism is electrically connected with the signal output end of the electric control module.
The invention can realize the automatic balance of the beam-pumping unit, which comprises the following steps: firstly, judging the acting condition of a motor through the current change of the driving equipment, and adjusting the force arm of the counterweight according to the judgment result, thereby changing the output of the driving equipment and realizing the balance adjustment of the beam pumping unit; the whole process of balance adjustment is carried out automatically, the balance adjustment is simple and convenient, time and labor are saved, the shutdown and manual balance adjustment are not needed, the step of balance adjustment is simplified, the balance adjustment efficiency is improved, the manual operation is not needed, the safety coefficient is high, the precision adjustment of the balance adjustment can be realized by setting the maximum threshold and the minimum threshold of the balance ratio k, the balance adjustment has good balance degree, and the adjusting parts adopted by the embodiment are conventional products, have stable performance, and have the characteristics of convenience and labor saving in installation and long service life; the invention can also be used for transforming the structure of the prior known beam-pumping unit according to the beam-pumping unit with automatic leveling in the embodiment, thereby realizing the automatic leveling operation, being simple and convenient to transform, improving the performance of the prior large number of oil pumping units in use and idle, ensuring the continuous safe operation of equipment, and turning over idle assets and recycling.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a self-balancing process according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a block circuit diagram of fig. 2.
The codes in the figures are respectively: the walking beam type electric vehicle comprises a base 1, a support 2, a walking beam 3, a horse head 4, a balancing weight 5, a linear actuator 6, a driving connecting rod 7, an electric control module 8, a current detection component 9, an electric control box 10, a time relay 11, a balancing weight connecting rod 12, a left proximity switch 13, a right proximity switch 14, a driving motor 15, a speed reducer 16 and a crank 17.
Detailed Description
The present invention is not limited by the following examples, and specific embodiments may be determined according to the technical solutions and practical situations of the present invention.
In the present invention, for convenience of description, the description of the relative positional relationship of the components is described according to the layout pattern of fig. 1 of the specification, such as: the positional relationship of front, rear, upper, lower, left, right, etc. is determined in accordance with the layout direction of the drawings of the specification.
The invention is further described with reference to the following examples and figures:
the first embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 1, the automatic balancing method of the beam-pumping unit includes an electronic control module 8 capable of implementing data processing and signal transceiving, a linear actuator 6 capable of changing the force arm between a balance weight 5 and a fulcrum of a walking beam 3 through telescopic change, a current detection part 9 capable of monitoring the current value of a driving device in real time, and an induction part capable of inducing the peak point and the valley point of the stroke of a horse head 4, wherein the signal output ends of the current detection part 9 and the induction part are respectively and electrically connected with the signal input ends of the electronic control module 8, and the signal input end of a telescopic adjusting module of the linear actuator 6 is electrically connected with the signal output end of the electronic control module 8;
the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, starting an automatic balancing program through an electric control module 8, and controlling an induction component and a current detection component 9 to be electrified by the electric control module 8;
secondly, the electric control module 8 receives the position signal of the induction component and the current monitoring data of the current detection component 9 in real time, and calibrates the position signal according to the working condition; the specific operation of calibrating the position signal is as follows:
(1) when the horse head 4 moves to a peak point, the sensing part detects a peak point signal and sends the peak point signal to the electronic control module 8, and the time point when the electronic control module 8 receives the peak point signal is marked as the end of an upper stroke and the beginning of a lower stroke;
(2) when the donkey head 4 moves to a valley point, the sensing part detects a valley point signal and sends the valley point signal to the electronic control module 8, and the time point when the electronic control module 8 receives the valley point signal is marked as the end of a downstroke and the beginning of an upstroke;
thirdly, the electronic control module 8 compares the acquired current monitoring data according to time intervals to screen out the maximum value in the time intervals, and the specific operation is as follows:
(1) recording the time period from the beginning to the end of the upstroke as an upstroke period, and comparing and screening the current monitoring data received in the upstroke period by the electronic control module 8 to obtain an upstroke current peak value x;
(2) recording the time period from the beginning to the end of the downstroke as a downstroke period, and comparing and screening the current monitoring data received in the downstroke period by the electronic control module 8 to obtain a downstroke current peak value y;
fourthly, calculating a balance ratio k in real time through an electric control module 8, wherein k = x/y;
fifthly, presetting a length variable set value of the linear actuator 6 in the electric control module 8, and presetting a judgment threshold value of a balance ratio k in the electric control module 8, wherein the minimum threshold value is kminMaximum threshold value of kmaxAnd k is compared with the judgment threshold value through the electric control module 8, and the comparison result is divided into the following three types:
(1) when k ismin≤k≤kmaxReturning to the second step;
(2) when k < kminWhen the length of the straight line executing mechanism 6 is shortened, the electric control module 8 sends a control signal for shortening the balance force arm to the telescopic adjusting module of the straight line executing mechanism 6, the straight line executing mechanism 6 finishes a length shortening process according to a length variable set value, and the second step is returned;
(3) when k > kmaxWhen the length of the straight line actuator 6 is extended, the electric control module 8 sends out a control signal for extending the balance force arm to the telescopic adjusting module of the straight line actuator 6, and the straight line actuator 6 completes a length extension process according to a length variable set value and returns to the second step.
And sixthly, recording the process from the second step to the fifth step as a self-adjusting balancing process, controlling the times of the self-adjusting balancing process by the electric control module 8, and controlling the induction component and the current detection component 9 to be powered off by the electric control module 8 when the total times of the self-adjusting balancing process reaches the preset times of self-adjusting circulation, thus finishing the automatic balancing program.
According to the requirement, the electric control module 8, the linear actuator 6, the current detection part 9 and the induction part can all adopt the prior known technology, wherein the electric control module 8 can be a PLC controller, the linear actuator 6 can be an electric push rod, the current detection part 9 can be an alternating current mutual inductor, and the induction part can comprise two proximity switches. The method of the embodiment can be used for the beam-pumping unit which comprises an electric control module 8, a linear actuator 6, a current detection component 9 and an induction component; for the old walking beam type oil pumping machine, the local part of the old walking beam type oil pumping machine can be transformed, and an electric control module 8, a linear actuating mechanism 6, a current detection part 9 and an induction part are additionally arranged, so that the method can be used for carrying out automatic balance adjustment on the old walking beam type oil pumping machine. The method can realize automatic balance of the beam pumping unit, and specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, judging the acting condition of a motor through the current change of the driving equipment, and adjusting the force arm of the counterweight according to the judgment result, thereby changing the output of the driving equipment and realizing the balance adjustment of the beam pumping unit; the whole course of the balance adjustment is carried out automatically, the balance adjustment is simple and convenient, time and labor are saved, the machine is not required to be stopped, the balance adjustment is carried out manually, the step of the balance adjustment is simplified, the balance adjustment efficiency is improved, the manual operation is not required, the safety coefficient is high, the precision adjustment of the balance adjustment can be realized through the maximum threshold value and the minimum threshold value of the balance ratio k, the balance adjustment is good in balance degree, the adjusting part adopted by the embodiment is a conventional product, the performance is stable, the device has the characteristics of convenience in installation and labor saving, and the service life is long.
The automatic balancing method of the beam-pumping unit can be further optimized or/and improved according to actual needs:
as shown in FIG. 1, kminIs between 0.95 and 0.99, kmaxBetween 1.01 and 1.05. Thereby allowing different k to be setminAnd kmaxThe value makes the balance adjustment of the beam-pumping unit meet different precision requirements.
According to the requirement, the preset times of the self-regulation circulation are between 2 and 5. The user can select the proper self-adjusting circulation preset times according to different working conditions, so that the automatic balance of the beam-pumping unit can be ensured.
Example two: as shown in the attached drawings 2 and 3, the walking beam type automatic leveling pumping unit comprises a base 1, a bracket 2, a driving device, a walking beam 3, a horse head 4, a balance weight 5, a linear actuator 6, a driving connecting rod 7, an electric control module 8, an induction component and a current detection component 9, wherein the bracket 2, the driving device and the electric control module 8 are fixedly installed on the base 1, the top of the bracket 2 is hinged with the middle part of the walking beam 3, the horse head 4 is installed at the left end of the walking beam 3, the balance weight 5 is arranged at the right end of the walking beam 3, the walking beam 3 is provided with the linear actuator 6 capable of changing the moment arm between the balance weight 5 and the fulcrum of the walking beam 3 through telescopic change, one end of the driving connecting rod 7 is hinged with the driving device, and the other end of the driving connecting rod 7 is hinged with the walking beam 3; the walking beam 3 is provided with an induction part which can induce the peak point and the valley point of the travel of the horse head 4, the driving equipment is provided with a current detection part 9 which can monitor the current value of the driving equipment in real time, the signal output ends of the current detection part 9 and the induction part are respectively and electrically connected with the signal input ends of the electric control module 8, and the signal input end of the telescopic adjusting module of the linear actuating mechanism 6 is electrically connected with the signal output end of the electric control module 8. The beam-type automatic leveling pumping unit can be automatically leveled by adopting the automatic balancing method of the beam-type pumping unit, the operation is simple and convenient, the time and the labor are saved, the operation is convenient and quick, the machine halt and the manual balance adjustment are not needed, the traditional balance adjustment step can be simplified, the balance adjustment efficiency is improved, the manual operation is not needed, the safety factor is high, the precision adjustment of the balance adjustment can be realized by setting the maximum threshold value and the minimum threshold value of the balance ratio k, so that the beam-type automatic leveling pumping unit has good balance degree, and the linear actuating mechanism 6, the electronic control module 8, the induction component and the current detection component 9 adopted by the embodiment are all conventional products, so that the beam-type automatic leveling pumping unit has the characteristics of stable performance, convenience and labor saving in installation and long service life; the structure of the beam-pumping unit capable of automatically leveling can be improved according to the embodiment of the beam-pumping unit, so that the beam-pumping unit can be automatically leveled, the improvement is simple and convenient, the performance of the existing beam-pumping unit can be improved by improving a large number of existing oil-pumping units which are in use and idle, the equipment can be ensured to continuously and safely operate, and idle assets can be coiled and recycled. According to the requirement, the linear actuating mechanism 6, the electric control module 8, the induction component and the current detection component 9 can adopt the prior known technology.
The beam-type automatic balance oil pumping unit can be further optimized or/and improved according to actual requirements:
as shown in fig. 2 and 3, an electric cabinet 10 is installed on the base 1, a time relay 11 is installed in the electric cabinet 10, power supply modules of the induction component and the current detection component 9 are respectively and electrically connected with the time relay 11, the time relay 11 can switch on power supply to the induction component and the current detection component 9 in an on state, and the time relay 11 can switch off power supply to the induction component and the current detection component 9 in an off state. Therefore, the on-off control of the power supply of the induction component and the current detection component 9 can be realized by controlling the on-off of the time relay 11 by a user, so that the user can independently select manual control or automatic control; in the use process, after a user closes the time relay 11, the manual balance adjustment can be realized through the manual adjustment linear actuator 6.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the electric control module 8 is a PLC controller, the PLC controller is installed in the electric cabinet 10, the signal output ends of the current detection part 9 and the induction part are respectively electrically connected to the signal input ends of the PLC controller, and the signal input end of the telescopic adjusting module of the linear actuator 6 is electrically connected to the signal output end of the PLC controller. The PLC controller is widely applied, and automatic balance control of the embodiment can be realized through programming.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a counterweight connecting rod 12 is arranged between the right end of the walking beam 3 and the counterweight 5, the middle part of the counterweight connecting rod 12 is hinged with the right end of the walking beam 3, the counterweight 5 is arranged at the lower end of the counterweight connecting rod 12, the left end of the linear actuator 6 is hinged with the upper side of the middle part of the walking beam 3, and the other end of the linear actuator 6 is hinged with the upper end of the counterweight connecting rod 12. The moment arm between the balance weight 5 and the fulcrum of the walking beam 3 can be changed through the expansion and contraction change of the linear actuator 6. The counterweight connecting rod 12 and the counterweight 5 may be integrally provided or fixed together or hinged together, as required.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the sensing part comprises a left proximity switch 13 and a right proximity switch 14, the signal output ends of the left proximity switch 13 and the right proximity switch 14 are respectively and electrically connected with the signal input ends of the electronic control module 8, the left and right sides of the top of the bracket 2 are respectively provided with the left proximity switch 13 and the right proximity switch 14, the left proximity switch 13 can sense the walking beam 3 and send signals to the electronic control module 8 when the horse head 4 descends to the valley point, and the right proximity switch 14 can sense the walking beam 3 and send signals to the electronic control module 8 when the horse head 4 ascends to the peak point. The sensing of the peak and valley of the horse head 4 stroke can thus be achieved by the left and right proximity switches 13, 14.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the driving device comprises a driving motor 15 and a speed reducer 16, an output shaft of the driving motor 15 is in transmission connection with an input shaft of the speed reducer 16, a crank 17 is installed on an output shaft of the speed reducer 16 in a linkage manner, and one end of the driving connecting rod 7 is hinged with the other end of the crank 17; the current detection part 9 is an alternating current transformer, the alternating current transformer is electrically connected with the driving motor 15, and the signal output end of the alternating current transformer is electrically connected with the signal input end of the electric control module 8. Therefore, the current value of the driving motor 15 can be monitored in real time through the alternating current transformer and is sent to the electronic control module 8.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the linear actuator 6 is an electric push rod, one end of the electric push rod is hinged to the upper side of the middle of the walking beam 3, the other end of the electric push rod is hinged to the upper end of the counterweight connecting rod 12, and the signal input end of the telescopic adjusting module of the linear actuator 6 is electrically connected to the signal output end of the electric control module 8. Therefore, the user can conveniently realize the telescopic control of the electric control push rod through the electric control module 8.
The technical characteristics form an embodiment of the invention, which has strong adaptability and implementation effect, and unnecessary technical characteristics can be increased or decreased according to actual needs to meet the requirements of different situations.
Claims (10)
1. The automatic balance method of a beam-pumping unit, characterized by that the said beam-pumping unit includes the electronic control module that can realize data handling and signal receiving and dispatching, can change the straight line actuator of the arm of force between fulcrum of the balance weight and beam fulcrum through the flexible change, current detection part that can monitor the current value of the drive equipment in real time and can sense the induction part of the peak point and valley point of the horse head stroke, the signal output terminal of the current detection part and induction part is connected with every signal input terminal of the electronic control module together electrically separately, the signal input terminal of the flexible regulating module of the straight line actuator is connected with signal output terminal of the electronic control module together electrically; the electric control module is a PLC controller, and the current detection component is an alternating current transformer;
the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that firstly, an automatic balancing program is started through an electric control module, and the electric control module controls an induction component and a current detection component to be electrified;
secondly, the electric control module receives the position signal of the induction component and the current monitoring data of the current detection component in real time and calibrates the position signal according to the working condition; the specific operation of calibrating the position signal is as follows:
(1) when the donkey head moves to a peak point, the sensing part detects a peak point signal and sends the peak point signal to the electronic control module, and the time point of the electronic control module receiving the peak point signal is recorded as the end of an up stroke and the beginning of a down stroke;
(2) when the horse head moves to a valley point, the sensing part detects a valley point signal and sends the valley point signal to the electric control module, and the time point when the electric control module receives the valley point signal is marked as the end of a down stroke and the beginning of an up stroke;
thirdly, the electric control module compares the acquired current monitoring data according to time intervals to screen out the maximum value in the time intervals, and the specific operation is as follows:
(1) recording the time period from the beginning to the end of the upstroke as an upstroke period, and comparing and screening current monitoring data received in the upstroke period by an electric control module to obtain an upstroke current peak value x;
(2) recording the time period from the beginning to the end of the downstroke as a downstroke period, and comparing and screening the current monitoring data received in the downstroke period by the electronic control module to obtain a downstroke current peak value y;
fourthly, calculating a balance ratio k in real time through an electric control module, wherein k = x/y;
fifthly, presetting a length variable set value of the linear actuating mechanism in the electric control module, and presetting a judgment threshold value of a balance ratio k in the electric control module, wherein the minimum threshold value is kminMaximum threshold value of kmaxAnd k is compared with a judgment threshold value through an electric control module, and the comparison result is divided into the following three types:
(1) when k ismin≤k≤kmaxReturning to the second step;
(2) when k < kminWhen the length of the balance arm is shortened, a control signal for shortening the balance arm of force is sent to a telescopic adjusting module of the linear actuating mechanism through the electric control module, the linear actuating mechanism finishes a length shortening process according to a length variable set value and returns to the second step;
(3) when k > kmaxWhen the length of the straight line actuator is extended, the electric control module sends a control signal for extending the balance force arm to a telescopic adjusting module of the straight line actuator, and the straight line actuator completes a length extension process according to a length variable set value and returns to the second step;
and sixthly, recording the process from the second step to the fifth step as a self-adjusting balancing process, controlling the times of the self-adjusting balancing process by the electric control module, and controlling the power-off of the induction component and the current detection component by the electric control module when the total times of the self-adjusting balancing process reaches the preset times of self-adjusting circulation, thereby finishing the automatic balancing program.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein k is the number of times kminIs between 0.95 and 0.99, kmaxBetween 1.01 and 1.05; or/and the preset number of times of the self-regulation circulation is between 2 and 5 times.
3. A walking beam type automatic leveling pumping unit is characterized by comprising a base, a support, a driving device, a walking beam, a horse head, a balance weight, a linear actuating mechanism, a driving connecting rod, an electric control module, a sensing component and a current detection component, wherein the support, the driving device and the electric control module are fixedly mounted on the base; the walking beam is provided with a sensing part which can sense the peak point and the valley point of the horse head stroke, the driving equipment is provided with a current detection part which can monitor the current value of the driving equipment in real time, the signal output ends of the current detection part and the sensing part are respectively and electrically connected with the signal input ends of the electric control module, and the signal input end of the telescopic adjusting module of the linear actuating mechanism is electrically connected with the signal output end of the electric control module.
4. The beam-pumping unit with automatic leveling according to claim 3 is characterized in that an electric cabinet is mounted on the base, a time relay is arranged in the electric cabinet, power supply modules of the induction component and the current detection component are respectively and electrically connected with the time relay, the time relay can switch on power supply to the induction component and the current detection component in an on state, and the time relay can switch off power supply to the induction component and the current detection component in an off state.
5. The beam-pumping unit with automatic leveling according to claim 4 is characterized in that the electric control module is a PLC controller, the PLC controller is installed in the electric cabinet, signal output ends of the current detection part and the induction part are respectively and electrically connected with signal input ends of the PLC controller, and a signal input end of a telescopic adjusting module of the linear actuating mechanism is electrically connected with a signal output end of the PLC controller.
6. The walking beam type automatic leveling pumping unit according to the claim 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that a balance weight connecting rod is arranged between the right end of the walking beam and the balance weight, the middle part of the balance weight connecting rod is hinged with the right end of the walking beam, the balance weight is arranged at the lower end of the balance weight connecting rod, the left end of the linear actuator is hinged with the upper side of the middle part of the walking beam, and the other end of the linear actuator is hinged with the upper end of the balance weight connecting rod.
7. A walking beam type automatic leveling pumping unit according to claim 3, 4 or 5, wherein the sensing part comprises a left proximity switch and a right proximity switch, the signal output ends of the left proximity switch and the right proximity switch are respectively and electrically connected with the signal input ends of the electric control module, the left proximity switch and the right proximity switch are respectively installed on the left side and the right side of the top of the bracket, the left proximity switch can sense the walking beam and send signals to the electric control module when the horse head descends to the valley point, and the right proximity switch can sense the walking beam and send signals to the electric control module when the horse head ascends to the peak point.
8. The walking beam type automatic leveling pumping unit according to claim 6, wherein the sensing part comprises a left proximity switch and a right proximity switch, signal output ends of the left proximity switch and the right proximity switch are respectively and electrically connected with signal input ends of the electric control module, the left proximity switch and the right proximity switch are respectively installed on the left side and the right side of the top of the support, the left proximity switch can sense the walking beam and send signals to the electric control module when the horse head descends to a valley point, and the right proximity switch can sense the walking beam and send signals to the electric control module when the horse head ascends to a peak point.
9. The walking beam type automatic leveling pumping unit according to the claim 3, 4, 5 or 8, characterized in that the driving device comprises a driving motor and a reducer, an output shaft of the driving motor is connected with an input shaft of the reducer in a transmission way, a crank is installed on the output shaft of the reducer in a linkage way, and one end of a driving connecting rod is hinged with the other end of the crank; the current detection part is an alternating current transformer, the alternating current transformer is electrically connected with the driving motor, and the signal output end of the alternating current transformer is electrically connected with the signal input end of the electric control module.
10. A walking beam type automatic leveling pumping unit according to claim 3, 4, 5 or 8 wherein the linear actuator is an electric push rod, one end of the electric push rod is hinged with the upper side of the middle part of the walking beam, the other end of the electric push rod is hinged with the upper end of the counterweight connecting rod, and the signal input end of the telescopic adjusting module of the linear actuator is electrically connected with the signal output end of the electric control module.
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| CN110878685B (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2021-09-10 | 北京信息科技大学 | Real-time dynamic balance adjusting method for beam-pumping unit |
| CN112832745B (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2022-03-22 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Centering measurement method and device for beam-pumping unit |
| CN114718526A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2022-07-08 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Oil pumping system and period control method and continuity control method thereof |
| CN117027738B (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2024-03-19 | 大庆石油管理局有限公司 | Balance monitoring and automatic regulating device for tower type oil pumping unit |
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