CN109236248A - The automatic balancing method and beam type automatic leveling pumping unit of beam pumping unit - Google Patents
The automatic balancing method and beam type automatic leveling pumping unit of beam pumping unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN109236248A CN109236248A CN201810806570.8A CN201810806570A CN109236248A CN 109236248 A CN109236248 A CN 109236248A CN 201810806570 A CN201810806570 A CN 201810806570A CN 109236248 A CN109236248 A CN 109236248A
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- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 241001023788 Cyttus traversi Species 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000283074 Equus asinus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B47/00—Pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for raising fluids from great depths, e.g. well pumps
- F04B47/14—Counterbalancing
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Abstract
The present invention relates to oil pumping machine equipment and applied technical fields, it is the automatic balancing method and beam type automatic leveling pumping unit of a kind of beam pumping unit, the former comprises the following steps that the first step, electronic control module real-time reception incudes the position signal of component and the current monitoring data of current detecting part, and position signal is demarcated according to operating condition；Second step, the current monitoring data that electronic control module will acquire compare the maximum value filtered out in the period according to the period；The latter includes pedestal, bracket, driving equipment, walking beam, horse head, balance weight, straight line executing mechanism, electronic control module, induction component and current detecting part, and bracket, driving equipment and electronic control module are fixedly installed on pedestal.The automation to beam pumping unit balance adjustment can be achieved in the present invention, and balanced adjustment is simple and convenient, time saving and energy saving, without the step of shutting down and manually adjust balance, simplifying balanced adjustment, improves balance adjustment efficiency, and without manual operation, safety coefficient is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil pumping machine equipment and applied technical field, be a kind of beam pumping unit automatic balancing method and
Beam type automatic leveling pumping unit.
Background technique
Existing beam pumping unit is mainly postposition four-bar linkage structure, generally comprises horse head, walking beam, bracket, connecting rod, bottom
Seat, crank, balance weight, retarder, motor and polished rod eye are fixedly installed with bracket, retarder and motor etc. on pedestal,
Walking beam is hinged on bracket, and one end of connecting rod is hinged on the crank of retarder, and the other end of connecting rod is hinged on walking beam, in this way
It is formed four-bar mechanism, horse head is mounted on the front end of walking beam, and polished rod eye is mounted on horse head.
Since the oil well load in upper and lower stroke differs greatly, to reduce the specification of retarder and motor, reducing energy
Consumption, pumping unit need to be equipped with enough balance weights.In production application, because of underground working variation, dynamic fluid change, oil liquid temperature
The reasons such as degree and viscosity change change the load of pumping unit frequent occurrence, and fixed balance weight is difficult to balancing load, balance
Degree often exceeds reasonable range, the damage accident so that the electric energy increase even generation part of pumping unit consumption overloads.Work as balance
When degree is beyond reasonable range, it is necessary to be balanced adjustment.The usual way of balanced adjustment is that tune is balanced to pumping unit
It is whole need to measure equilibrium valve, shut down, manually adjust balance mechanism, the measurement that is switched on again, verification and etc., it is sometimes desirable to it is repeated multiple times
Adjustment can just be met the requirements, but generally also can only achieve 80% degree of balance, and there is also certain safety for live balancing operation
Hidden danger.It can be seen that there are time-consuming and laborious, machine start-stop time is more, the frequency is more, safety system for commonly used adjustment balance mode
The low and general effect problem of number.
With the development of automatic control technology, various automatic adjusting balance technologies are successively applied to the balance adjustment of pumping unit,
But due to pumping unit under severe field environment twenty four hours continuous work, it is desirable that each component have high durability,
And induction applied by the new technology tested at present and control component have cycle-index limitation and use environment requirement, application
Generally there was only the service life of some months on to pumping unit, be much not achieved cycle-index required by pumping unit, and the prior art at
This is very high, just seems very uneconomical applied to remanufacturing for the lower idle pumping unit of residual value.
The upper a century of beam pumping unit production application, the generally existing a large amount of idle oil pumping backward in technique in each oil field
Machine causes great equipment to waste.Oil field is often to be transformed to idle pumping unit with existing balancing technique with method at present,
It improves and is recycled after its balance quality and security performance, vitalizes idle asset, but balance the balancing that transformation still has
The problem that difficulty is big, technical costs is high, the service life is short.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of automatic balancing methods of beam pumping unit and beam type automatic leveling pumping unit, overcome
The deficiency of the above-mentioned prior art, can effectively solve the adjustment balance mode of existing beam pumping unit there are it is time-consuming and laborious,
The problem that machine start-stop time is more, the frequency is more, safety coefficient is low and effect is general；The flat of idle pumping unit can also further be solved
The problem that existing balancing difficulty is big, technical costs is high, the service life is short is transformed in weighing apparatus.
Technical solution of the present invention first is that being realized by following measures: a kind of autobalance of beam pumping unit
Method, the beam pumping unit include the electronic control module for being able to achieve data processing and signal transmitting and receiving, can be changed by telescopic variation
Flatten the straight line executing mechanism of the arm of force between weight and walking beam fulcrum, can real-time monitoring driving equipment current value current detecting
Component and it can sense the peak dot of horse head stroke and the induction component of valley point, the signal output of current detecting part and induction component
End is electrically connected with each signal input part of electronic control module respectively, the signal of the telescopic adjustment module of straight line executing mechanism
Input terminal and the signal output end of electronic control module are electrically connected；
The method includes the steps as follows:
The first step starts autobalance program by electronic control module, and electric control module controls incude component and current detecting part is logical
Electricity；
Second step, electronic control module real-time reception incude the position signal of component and the current monitoring data of current detecting part,
And position signal is demarcated according to operating condition；The concrete operations that position signal is demarcated are as follows:
(1) when horse head row to peak dot, induction component detects peak dot signal and is sent to electronic control module, and electronic control module is received
Time point to peak dot signal is denoted as the end of upstroke and the beginning of down stroke；
(2) when horse head row to valley point, induction component detects valley point signal and is sent to electronic control module, and electronic control module is received
Time point to valley point signal is denoted as the end of down stroke and the beginning of upstroke；
Third step, the current monitoring data that electronic control module will acquire compare the maximum filtered out in the period according to the period
Value, concrete operations are as follows:
(1) period of upstroke from start to end is denoted as the upstroke period, electronic control module will be inscribed in the upstroke period
The current monitoring data received compare screening and obtain upstroke current peak x；
(2) period of the start and ending of down stroke is denoted as the down stroke period, electronic control module will be inscribed in the down stroke period
The current monitoring data received compare screening and obtain down stroke current peak y；
4th step passes through the real-time calculated equilibrium ratio k of electronic control module, the k=x/y；
5th step presets the length variable setting value of straight line executing mechanism in electronic control module, and presets and put down in electronic control module
The decision threshold for the ratio k that weighs, minimum threshold kmin, max-thresholds kmax, k and decision threshold are carried out pair by electronic control module
Than comparing result is divided into following three kinds:
(1) work as kmin≤k≤kmaxWhen, it is back to second step；
(2) as k < kminWhen, it is issued by electronic control module to the telescopic adjustment module of straight line executing mechanism and shortens the balance arm of force
Signal is controlled, straight line executing mechanism will complete a length according to length variable setting value and shorten process, and be back to second step；
(3) as k > kmaxWhen, the elongation balance arm of force is issued to the telescopic adjustment module of straight line executing mechanism by electronic control module
Signal is controlled, straight line executing mechanism will complete a length elongation process according to length variable setting value, and be back to second step.
6th step will be denoted as a self-adjusting balance process from second step to the process of the 5th step, and electronic control module is to self-level(l)ing
The number of weighing apparatus process is controlled, when the total degree of self-adjusting balance process reaches self-regulated circulation preset times, electronic control module control
System induction component and current detecting part power-off, terminate autobalance program.
Here is further optimization or/and improvement of one of the above technical solutions of the invention:
Above-mentioned kminIt can be k between 0.95 to 0.99maxIt can be between 1.01 to 1.05.
Above-mentioned self-regulated circulation preset times can be between 2 times to 5 times.
Technical solution of the present invention second is that being realized by following measures: a kind of beam type automatic leveling pumping unit,
Including pedestal, bracket, driving equipment, walking beam, horse head, balance weight, straight line executing mechanism, drive link, electronic control module, induction part
Part and current detecting part, are fixedly installed with bracket, driving equipment and electronic control module on pedestal, the top of bracket and walking beam
Middle part is hinged, and the left end of walking beam is equipped with horse head, and the right end of walking beam is equipped with balance weight, and walking beam is equipped with can be by flexible
Variation changes the straight line executing mechanism of the arm of force between balance weight and walking beam fulcrum, and one end and the driving equipment of drive link are hinged on
Together, the other end with walking beam of drive link are hinged；The peak dot that can sense horse head stroke and paddy are installed on walking beam
The induction component of point, be equipped in driving equipment can real-time monitoring driving equipment current value current detecting part, electric current inspection
The signal output end for surveying component and induction component is electrically connected with each signal input part of electronic control module respectively, and straight line is held
The signal input part of telescopic adjustment module and the signal output end of electronic control module of row mechanism are electrically connected.
Here is further optimization or/and improvement of the technical scheme ii of the invention:
It is above-mentioned it is mountable on pedestal have an electric cabinet, the time relay is equipped in electric cabinet, incudes component and current detecting part
Power supply module be electrically connected respectively with the time relay, the time relay is can turn in the on state to induction
The power supply of component and current detecting part, and the time relay can be cut off in the off state to induction component and electric current inspection
Survey the power supply of component.
Above-mentioned electronic control module can be PLC controller, PLC controller installation with electric cabinet in, current detecting part and induction
The signal output end of component is electrically connected with each signal input part of PLC controller respectively, and straight line executing mechanism is stretched
The signal input part of contracting adjustment module and the signal output end of PLC controller are electrically connected.
Counterweight connecting rod can be equipped between the right end and balance weight of above-mentioned walking beam, the middle part of counterweight connecting rod and the right end of walking beam are cut with scissors
It is connected together, the lower end of counterweight connecting rod is equipped with balance weight, is hinged on the upside of the left end of straight line executing mechanism and the middle part of walking beam
Together, the other end of straight line executing mechanism and the upper end of counterweight connecting rod are hinged.
Above-mentioned induction component may include left close to switching with right close to switch, left close switch and the right close signal switched
Output end is electrically connected with each signal input part of electronic control module respectively, is separately installed at left and right sides of cradle top
A left side is described left close to switch walking beam to be sensed when horse head comes downwards to valley point and to automatically controlled mould close to switch and right close to switch
Block sends signal, and the right close switch can sense walking beam when horse head goes upward to peak dot and send signal to electronic control module.
Above-mentioned driving equipment may include driving motor and retarder, and the output shaft of driving motor and the input shaft of retarder pass
Dynamic to link together, linkage is equipped with crank on the output shaft of retarder, and one end of drive link and the other end of crank are hinged
Together；Current detecting part is D.C mutual-inductor, and D.C mutual-inductor is electrically connected with driving motor, D.C mutual-inductor
Signal output end and the signal input part of electronic control module are electrically connected.
Above-mentioned straight line executing mechanism can be electric pushrod, be hinged on one on the upside of one end of electric pushrod and the middle part of walking beam
It rises, the upper end of the other end and counterweight connecting rod of electric pushrod is hinged, the letter of the telescopic adjustment module of straight line executing mechanism
Number input terminal and the signal output end of electronic control module are electrically connected.
The autobalance to beam pumping unit can be achieved in the present invention, specifically: first pass through the electric current to driving equipment
Variation judges the acting situation of motor, is adjusted according to the arm of force of the judging result to counterweight, to change the defeated of driving equipment
Out, the balance adjustment of beam pumping unit is realized；Balance adjustment whole process is carried out using automation, and balanced adjustment is simple and convenient, is saved
Shi Shengli improves balance adjustment efficiency without the step of shutting down and manually adjust balance, simplifying balanced adjustment, is not necessarily to hand
Dynamic operation, safety coefficient is high, can realize the precision to balanced adjustment by max-thresholds and minimum threshold that balance ratio k is arranged
It adjusts, makes it have the good degree of balance, and the regulating member that the present embodiment uses is conventional products, performance is stablized, had
It is easy for installation laborsaving, the characteristics of long service life；The present invention can also be used in conventionally known beam pumping unit according to this reality
The structure for applying beam type automatic leveling pumping unit described in example is transformed, so that automatic leveling operation can be realized, is transformed
It is simple and convenient, and by being largely transformed with, idle pumping unit to existing, its performance can be promoted, guarantee equipment after
Continuous safe handling, vitalizes idle asset and recycling.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is the flow chart of self-adjusting balance process in the embodiment of the present invention one.
Attached drawing 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention two.
Attached drawing 3 is the circuit block diagram of attached drawing 2.
Coding in attached drawing is respectively as follows: 1 for pedestal, and 2 be bracket, and 3 be walking beam, and 4 be horse head, and 5 be balance weight, and 6 be straight line
Executing agency, 7 be drive link, and 8 be electronic control module, and 9 be current detecting part, and 10 be electric cabinet, and 11 be the time relay, 12
It is left close switch for counterweight connecting rod, 13,14 be right close to switching, and 15 be driving motor, and 16 be retarder, and 17 be crank.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is not limited by the following examples, can determine according to the technique and scheme of the present invention with actual conditions specific
Embodiment.
In the present invention, for ease of description, the description of the relative positional relationship of each component is according to Figure of description 1
Butut mode be described, such as: front, rear, top, and bottom, left and right positional relationship be the Butut according to Figure of description
Direction determines.
Below with reference to examples and drawings, the invention will be further described:
Embodiment one: as shown in Fig. 1, the automatic balancing method of the beam pumping unit, the beam pumping unit includes energy
It realizes the electronic control module 8 of data processing and signal transmitting and receiving, power between balance weight 5 and 3 fulcrum of walking beam can be changed by telescopic variation
The straight line executing mechanism 6 of arm, can real-time monitoring driving equipment current value current detecting part 9 and can sense 4 row of horse head
The peak dot of journey and the induction component of valley point, current detecting part 9 and incude component signal output end respectively with electronic control module 8
Each signal input part is electrically connected, the signal input part and electronic control module 8 of the telescopic adjustment module of straight line executing mechanism 6
Signal output end be electrically connected；
The method includes the steps as follows:
The first step starts autobalance program, the control of electronic control module 8 induction component and current detecting part 9 by electronic control module 8
It is powered；
Second step, 8 real-time reception of electronic control module incude the position signal of component and the current monitoring number of current detecting part 9
According to, and position signal is demarcated according to operating condition；The concrete operations that position signal is demarcated are as follows:
(1) when 4 row of horse head to peak dot, induction component detects peak dot signal and is sent to electronic control module 8, by electronic control module 8
The time point for receiving peak dot signal is denoted as the end of upstroke and the beginning of down stroke；
(2) when 4 row of horse head to valley point, induction component detects valley point signal and is sent to electronic control module 8, by electronic control module 8
The time point for receiving valley point signal is denoted as the end of down stroke and the beginning of upstroke；
Third step, the current monitoring data that electronic control module 8 will acquire are compared according to the period to be filtered out in the period most
Big value, concrete operations are as follows:
(1) period of upstroke from start to end is denoted as the upstroke period, electronic control module 8 will be inscribed in the upstroke period
The current monitoring data received compare screening and obtain upstroke current peak x；
(2) period of the start and ending of down stroke is denoted as the down stroke period, electronic control module 8 will be inscribed in the down stroke period
The current monitoring data received compare screening and obtain down stroke current peak y；
4th step passes through the real-time calculated equilibrium ratio k of electronic control module 8, the k=x/y；
5th step presets the length variable setting value of straight line executing mechanism 6 in electronic control module 8, and presets in electronic control module 8
The decision threshold of balance ratio k, minimum threshold kmin, max-thresholds kmax, by electronic control module 8 by k and decision threshold into
Row comparison, comparing result are divided into following three kinds:
(1) work as kmin≤k≤kmaxWhen, it is back to second step；
(2) as k < kminWhen, it is issued by electronic control module 8 to the telescopic adjustment module of straight line executing mechanism 6 and shortens the balance arm of force
Control signal, straight line executing mechanism 6 will complete length according to length variable setting value and shorten process, and be back to second
Step；
(3) as k > kmaxWhen, the elongation balance arm of force is issued to the telescopic adjustment module of straight line executing mechanism 6 by electronic control module 8
Control signal, straight line executing mechanism 6 will complete a length elongation process according to length variable setting value, and and be back to second
Step.
6th step will be denoted as a self-adjusting balance process from second step to the process of the 5th step, and electronic control module 8 is to self-level(l)ing
The number of weighing apparatus process is controlled, and when the total degree of self-adjusting balance process reaches self-regulated circulation preset times, electronic control module 8 is controlled
System induction component and current detecting part 9 power off, and terminate autobalance program.
According to demand, electronic control module 8, straight line executing mechanism 6, current detecting part 9 and induction component can be used existing
Well-known technique, wherein electronic control module 8 can be PLC controller, and straight line executing mechanism 6 can be electric pushrod, current detecting part 9
It can be D.C mutual-inductor, induction component may include two close switches.Method described in the present embodiment can be used for having included automatically controlled
Module 8, straight line executing mechanism 6, current detecting part 9 and the beam pumping unit for incuding component；Old-fashioned beam type is taken out
Its part can be transformed by oil machine, add electronic control module 8, straight line executing mechanism 6, current detecting part 9 and induction part for it
Thus part can be used the method to its Automatic Balance Regulation of progress.It can be realized by the method and be pumped to beam type
The autobalance of machine, specifically: the acting situation for judging the curent change of driving equipment motor is first passed through, is tied according to judgement
The arm of force of counterweight is adjusted in fruit, to change the output of driving equipment, realizes the balance adjustment of beam pumping unit；Balance
It adjusting whole use and automates progress, balanced adjustment is simple and convenient, and it is time saving and energy saving, it is simple without shutting down and manually adjusting balance
The step of changing balanced adjustment improves balance adjustment efficiency, and without manual operation, safety coefficient is high, by the way that balance ratio k is arranged
Max-thresholds and minimum threshold can realize to the adjusting of the precision of balanced adjustment, make it have the good degree of balance, and this implementation
The regulating member that example uses is conventional products, and performance is stablized, and has the characteristics of easy for installation laborsaving, long service life.
The automatic balancing method of above-mentioned beam pumping unit can be made further optimization and/or improvements according to actual needs:
As shown in Fig. 1, kminBetween 0.95 to 0.99, kmaxBetween 1.01 to 1.05.It thus can be different by setting
kminAnd kmaxValue makes the balanced adjustment of beam pumping unit be able to satisfy different accuracy requirements.
According to demand, self-regulated circulation preset times are between 2 times to 5 times.It is suitable that user can select according to different operating conditions
Self-regulated recycle preset times, thus can ensure that beam pumping unit is able to achieve autobalance.
Embodiment two: as shown in attached drawing 2,3, the beam type automatic leveling pumping unit, including pedestal 1, bracket 2, driving set
Standby, walking beam 3, horse head 4, balance weight 5, straight line executing mechanism 6, drive link 7, electronic control module 8, induction component and current detecting part
Part 9, is fixedly installed with bracket 2, driving equipment and electronic control module 8 on pedestal 1, and the top of bracket 2 and the middle part of walking beam 3 are hinged
Together, the left end of walking beam 3 is equipped with horse head 4, and the right end of walking beam 3 is equipped with balance weight 5, and walking beam 3, which is equipped with, to be become by flexible
Change the straight line executing mechanism 6 for changing the arm of force between balance weight 5 and 3 fulcrum of walking beam, one end of drive link 7 and driving equipment are hinged
Together, the other end with walking beam 3 of drive link 7 is hinged；The peak that can sense 4 stroke of horse head is installed on walking beam 3
The induction component with valley point is put, the current detecting part 9 of the current value of energy real-time monitoring driving equipment is installed in driving equipment,
Current detecting part 9 and the signal output end for incuding component are connected electrically in one with each signal input part of electronic control module 8 respectively
It rises, the signal input part of the telescopic adjustment module of straight line executing mechanism 6 and the signal output end of electronic control module 8 are connected electrically in one
It rises.Can by the beam type automatic leveling pumping unit described in the present embodiment using above-mentioned beam pumping unit automatic balancing method into
Row automatic leveling operation, it is simple to operate, it is time saving and energy saving, it is convenient and efficient, without shutting down and manually adjusting balance, biography can be simplified
The step of system balanced adjustment, balance adjustment efficiency is improved, without manual operation, safety coefficient is high, passes through setting balance ratio k
Max-thresholds and minimum threshold can realize to the adjusting of the precision of balanced adjustment, make it have the good degree of balance, and this implementation
Straight line executing mechanism 6, electronic control module 8, induction component and the current detecting part 9 that example uses are conventional products, and performance is stablized,
With easy for installation laborsaving, the characteristics of long service life；It can also be by conventionally known beam pumping unit according to the present embodiment institute
The structure for the beam type automatic leveling pumping unit stated is transformed, so that automatic leveling operation can be realized, simple side is transformed
Just, and by being largely transformed with, idle pumping unit to existing, its performance can be promoted, guarantees that equipment continues safety
Operating, vitalizes idle asset and recycling.According to demand, straight line executing mechanism 6, electronic control module 8, induction component and current detecting
Existing well-known technique can be used in component 9.
Above-mentioned beam type autobalance pumping unit can be made further optimization and/or improvements according to actual needs:
As shown in attached drawing 2,3, electric cabinet 10 is installed on pedestal 1, the time relay 11 is equipped in electric cabinet 10, incudes component
It is electrically connected respectively with the time relay 11 with the power supply module of current detecting part 9, the time relay 11 is being opened
The power supply that can turn under state to induction component and current detecting part 9 is opened, and the time relay 11 is in the off state
It can power supply of the cutting to induction component and current detecting part 9.It thus can be convenient for user's opening by the control time relay 11
It closes, realizes that the on-off of the power supply to induction component and current detecting part 9 controls, consequently facilitating user can independently select to control manually
System automatically controls；It in use, can be by manually adjusting straight line executing mechanism behind user's shut-in time relay 11
6 realize manual balance adjustment.
As shown in attached drawing 2,3, electronic control module 8 be PLC controller, PLC controller installation with electric cabinet 10 in, current detecting
Component 9 and the signal output end for incuding component are electrically connected with each signal input part of PLC controller respectively, and straight line is held
The signal input part of telescopic adjustment module and the signal output end of PLC controller of row mechanism 6 are electrically connected.PLC control
Device is widely used, by programming the balance Control Scheme that can be achieved to the present embodiment.
As shown in attached drawing 2,3, counterweight connecting rod 12, the middle part of counterweight connecting rod 12 are equipped between the right end and balance weight 5 of walking beam 3
Hinged with the right end of walking beam 3, the lower end of counterweight connecting rod 12 is equipped with balance weight 5, the left end of straight line executing mechanism 6 and trip
Hinged on the upside of the middle part of beam 3, the upper end of the other end and counterweight connecting rod 12 of straight line executing mechanism 6 is hinged.By
This can change the arm of force between balance weight 5 and 3 fulcrum of walking beam by the telescopic variation of straight line executing mechanism 6.According to demand, counterweight
Connecting rod 12 can be wholely set or be fixed together with balance weight 5 or hinged.
As shown in attached drawing 2,3, induction component includes left close switch 13 and right close switch 14, a left side close switch 13 and the right side
Signal output end close to switch 14 is electrically connected with each signal input part of electronic control module 8 respectively, 2 top of bracket
The left and right sides is separately installed with left close switch 13 and right close switch 14, and the left close switch 13 can come downwards in horse head 4
Walking beam 3 is sensed when valley point and sends signal to electronic control module 8, and the right close switch 14 can be when horse head 4 goes upward to peak dot
It senses walking beam 3 and sends signal to electronic control module 8.Thus it can be realized close to switch 13 and right close switch 14 to donkey by a left side
The peak dot of first 4 stroke and the induction of valley point.
As shown in attached drawing 2,3, driving equipment includes driving motor 15 and retarder 16, the output shaft of driving motor 15 with subtract
The input shaft transmission connection of fast device 16 together, links on the output shaft of retarder 16 and is equipped with crank 17, and the one of drive link 7
It holds hinged with the other end of crank 17；Current detecting part 9 is D.C mutual-inductor, D.C mutual-inductor and driving motor 15
It is electrically connected, the signal output end of D.C mutual-inductor and the signal input part of electronic control module 8 are electrically connected.Thus may be used
By the current value of D.C mutual-inductor real-time monitoring driving motor 15, and send it to electronic control module 8.
As shown in attached drawing 2,3, straight line executing mechanism 6 is electric pushrod, one end of electric pushrod and the middle part upside of walking beam 3
Hinged, the upper end of the other end and counterweight connecting rod 12 of electric pushrod is hinged, the flexible tune of straight line executing mechanism 6
The signal output end of the signal input part and electronic control module 8 that save module is electrically connected.Thus can pass through convenient for user automatically controlled
Module 8 realizes the extension and contraction control to automatically controlled push rod.
The above technical features constitute embodiments of the present invention, can basis with stronger adaptability and implementation result
Actual needs increases and decreases non-essential technical characteristic, to meet the needs of different situations.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of automatic balancing method of beam pumping unit, it is characterised in that the beam pumping unit includes being able to achieve data
The electronic control module of processing and signal transmitting and receiving, the straight line that can change the arm of force between balance weight and walking beam fulcrum by telescopic variation execute
Mechanism, can real-time monitoring driving equipment current value current detecting part and can sense peak dot and the valley point of horse head stroke
Incude component, current detecting part and the signal output end for incuding component are electrically connected with each signal input part of electronic control module respectively
It is connected together, the signal input part of telescopic adjustment module and the signal output end of electronic control module of straight line executing mechanism are connected electrically in
Together；
The method includes the steps as follows:
The first step starts autobalance program by electronic control module, and electric control module controls incude component and current detecting part is logical
Electricity；
Second step, electronic control module real-time reception incude the position signal of component and the current monitoring data of current detecting part,
And position signal is demarcated according to operating condition；The concrete operations that position signal is demarcated are as follows:
(1) when horse head row to peak dot, induction component detects peak dot signal and is sent to electronic control module, and electronic control module is received
Time point to peak dot signal is denoted as the end of upstroke and the beginning of down stroke；
(2) when horse head row to valley point, induction component detects valley point signal and is sent to electronic control module, and electronic control module is received
Time point to valley point signal is denoted as the end of down stroke and the beginning of upstroke；
Third step, the current monitoring data that electronic control module will acquire compare the maximum filtered out in the period according to the period
Value, concrete operations are as follows:
(1) period of upstroke from start to end is denoted as the upstroke period, electronic control module will be inscribed in the upstroke period
The current monitoring data received compare screening and obtain upstroke current peak x；
(2) period of the start and ending of down stroke is denoted as the down stroke period, electronic control module will be inscribed in the down stroke period
The current monitoring data received compare screening and obtain down stroke current peak y；
4th step passes through the real-time calculated equilibrium ratio k of electronic control module, the k=x/y；
5th step presets the length variable setting value of straight line executing mechanism in electronic control module, and presets and put down in electronic control module
The decision threshold for the ratio k that weighs, minimum threshold kmin, max-thresholds kmax, k and decision threshold are carried out pair by electronic control module
Than comparing result is divided into following three kinds:
(1) work as kmin≤k≤kmaxWhen, it is back to second step；
(2) as k < kminWhen, it is issued by electronic control module to the telescopic adjustment module of straight line executing mechanism and shortens the balance arm of force
Signal is controlled, straight line executing mechanism will complete a length according to length variable setting value and shorten process, and be back to second step；
(3) as k > kmaxWhen, the elongation balance arm of force is issued to the telescopic adjustment module of straight line executing mechanism by electronic control module
Signal is controlled, straight line executing mechanism will complete a length elongation process according to length variable setting value, and be back to second step；
6th step will be denoted as a self-adjusting balance process from second step to the process of the 5th step, and electronic control module is to self-adjusting balance
The number of journey is controlled, when the total degree of self-adjusting balance process reaches self-regulated circulation preset times, electric control module controls sense
It answers component and current detecting part to power off, terminates autobalance program.
2. the automatic balancing method of beam pumping unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that kminIt is 0.95 to 0.99
Between, kmaxBetween 1.01 to 1.05；Or/and self-regulated circulation preset times are between 2 times to 5 times.
3. a kind of beam type automatic leveling pumping unit, it is characterised in that including pedestal, bracket, driving equipment, walking beam, horse head, put down
Weight, straight line executing mechanism, drive link, electronic control module, induction component and current detecting part, are fixedly installed on pedestal
Bracket, driving equipment and electronic control module, the top of bracket and the middle part of walking beam are hinged, and the left end of walking beam is equipped with donkey
Head, the right end of walking beam are equipped with balance weight, and walking beam, which is equipped with, to change the arm of force between balance weight and walking beam fulcrum by telescopic variation
Straight line executing mechanism, one end of drive link and driving equipment are hinged, and the other end and walking beam of drive link are hinged
Together；The induction component of the peak dot and valley point that can sense horse head stroke is installed on walking beam, energy is installed in driving equipment
The signal output end difference of the current detecting part of the current value of real-time monitoring driving equipment, current detecting part and induction component
It is electrically connected with each signal input part of electronic control module, the signal input part of the telescopic adjustment module of straight line executing mechanism
It is electrically connected with the signal output end of electronic control module.
4. beam type autobalance pumping unit according to claim 3, it is characterised in that electric cabinet is installed on pedestal,
The time relay is equipped in electric cabinet, the power supply module for incuding component and current detecting part is electrically connected with the time relay respectively
Together, the time relay can turn on the power supply to induction component and current detecting part in the on state, and described
The time relay can cut off the power supply to induction component and current detecting part in the off state.
5. beam type autobalance pumping unit according to claim 4, it is characterised in that electronic control module is PLC controller,
With in electric cabinet, current detecting part and the signal output end for incuding component are each with PLC controller respectively for PLC controller installation
A signal input part is electrically connected, the signal input part of the telescopic adjustment module of straight line executing mechanism and PLC controller
Signal output end is electrically connected.
6. according to beam type autobalance pumping unit described in claim 3 or 4 or 5, it is characterised in that the right end of walking beam and flat
Counterweight connecting rod is equipped between weight, the middle part of counterweight connecting rod and the right end of walking beam are hinged, the lower end installation of counterweight connecting rod
Have a balance weight, it is hinged on the upside of the left end of straight line executing mechanism and the middle part of walking beam, the other end of straight line executing mechanism with
The upper end of counterweight connecting rod is hinged.
7. according to beam type autobalance pumping unit described in claim 3 or 4 or 5, it is characterised in that induction component includes a left side
Close to switch and right close to switch, a left side close to switch and it is right close to the signal output end switched respectively with each letter of electronic control module
Number input terminal is electrically connected, be separately installed at left and right sides of cradle top it is left close to switch and right close to switch, it is described
A left side can sense walking beam close to switch when horse head comes downwards to valley point and send signal to electronic control module, described right close to switch energy
Walking beam is sensed when horse head goes upward to peak dot and sends signal to electronic control module.
8. beam type autobalance pumping unit according to claim 6, it is characterised in that induction component, which includes that a left side is close, to be opened
It closes and right close to switch, a left side is inputted with each signal of electronic control module respectively close to switch and the right signal output end close to switch
End is electrically connected, be separately installed at left and right sides of cradle top it is left close to switch and right close to switch, it is described left close
Switch can sense walking beam when horse head comes downwards to valley point and send signal to electronic control module, and the right close switch can be in horse head
Walking beam is sensed when going upward to peak dot and sends signal to electronic control module.
9. according to beam type autobalance pumping unit described in claim 3 or 4 or 5 or 8, it is characterised in that driving equipment includes
Driving motor and retarder, the output shaft of driving motor and the input shaft of retarder are sequentially connected together, the output of retarder
Linkage is equipped with crank on axis, and one end of drive link and the other end of crank are hinged；Current detecting part is exchange
Mutual inductor, D.C mutual-inductor are electrically connected with driving motor, the signal output end of D.C mutual-inductor and the letter of electronic control module
Number input terminal is electrically connected.
10. according to beam type autobalance pumping unit described in claim 3 or 4 or 5 or 8, it is characterised in that straight line executes machine
Structure is electric pushrod, hinged, the other end and counterweight of electric pushrod on the upside of one end of electric pushrod and the middle part of walking beam
The upper end of connecting rod is hinged, and the signal input part of the telescopic adjustment module of straight line executing mechanism and the signal of electronic control module are defeated
Outlet is electrically connected.
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| CN201810806570.8A CN109236248B (en) | 2018-07-20 | 2018-07-20 | Automatic balancing method of beam-pumping unit and beam-pumping unit with automatic leveling function |
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| CN201810806570.8A CN109236248B (en) | 2018-07-20 | 2018-07-20 | Automatic balancing method of beam-pumping unit and beam-pumping unit with automatic leveling function |
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| CN110878685A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-03-13 | 北京信息科技大学 | Real-time dynamic balance adjusting method for beam-pumping unit |
| CN112832745A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-25 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Centering measurement method and device for beam-pumping unit |
| CN114718526A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2022-07-08 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Oil pumping system and period control method and continuity control method thereof |
| CN117027738A (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2023-11-10 | 大庆石油管理局有限公司 | Balance monitoring and automatic regulating device for tower type oil pumping unit |
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| CN117027738B (en) * | 2023-08-10 | 2024-03-19 | 大庆石油管理局有限公司 | Balance monitoring and automatic regulating device for tower type oil pumping unit |
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