CN109231474B - In-situ water body remediation method and corresponding in-situ water body remediation system - Google Patents

In-situ water body remediation method and corresponding in-situ water body remediation system Download PDF

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CN109231474B
CN109231474B CN201811377618.4A CN201811377618A CN109231474B CN 109231474 B CN109231474 B CN 109231474B CN 201811377618 A CN201811377618 A CN 201811377618A CN 109231474 B CN109231474 B CN 109231474B
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layer
filler
water body
water
pipe
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CN109231474A (en
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曾红舟
万书言
李高峰
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Beijing Zhenghe Hengji International City Planning And Design Co ltd
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Beijing Zhenghe Hengji International City Planning And Design Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/007Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds

Abstract

The invention relates to an in-situ water body remediation method and a corresponding in-situ water body remediation system. The method comprises the steps that a packing layer is arranged below bottom mud, the bottom mud is laid on the packing layer, a lower mud drainage pipe is arranged at the lower part of the packing layer, bottom mud drainage is carried out through the lower mud drainage pipe, a water body above the bottom mud moves downwards integrally to form water flow passing through the bottom mud, and therefore oxygen content of the bottom mud and the oxygen content of each part of the water body in the vertical direction are improved. The system comprises a packing layer laid on a water body foundation and bottom mud laid on the packing layer, wherein a mud drain pipe is arranged at the lower part of the packing layer, and the packing layer is sequentially divided into a packing water collecting layer, a packing purifying layer and a packing filtering layer from bottom to top. The invention can improve the self-purification capacity of the water body, particularly improve the purification capacity of sediments at the bottom of the water body, improve the environmental capacity of the water body, reduce the corresponding pollution control cost and reduce or fundamentally eliminate the requirement of sediment dredging.

Description

In-situ water body remediation method and corresponding in-situ water body remediation system
Technical Field
The invention relates to an in-situ water body remediation method and an in-situ water body remediation system adopting or used for realizing the method, belonging to the technical field of water pollution control and environmental protection.
Background
The environmental pollution problem is increasingly serious while the economy is rapidly developed, and particularly, the water source pollution is the most important environmental problem in China and is always the most important of the government environmental protection work. Since the reform is open, the country invests huge resources for urban water body restoration and treatment, and good effects can be obtained only for a period of time. However, water contamination is repetitive. Along with the time change and the development of the periphery of the water body, more and more water body weight is worsened again, so that the water body treatment is more and more difficult.
The important problem is that the sediment of the water body and other forms of pollutants are continuously deposited, the water body is continuously deposited and polluted along with point sources, internal sources, surface sources and the like, so that the water quality exceeds the self-purification capacity along with the time, the water quality is deteriorated, even black and odorous water bodies are formed, the sediment of a common water system is cleared at intervals of 4-8 years, the water body is continuously replaced along with the increase of the pollutants of the water body or ecological imbalance, and the water body of the common water system is continuously replaced 1-2 times per year. Several technologies exist for enhancing the water body purification effect, such as artificial wetland, water body ecological balance construction (microorganisms, animals, plants, and the like), aeration device, floating island technology, sediment dredging, water circulation technology, underwater forest, and the like, but these single technologies can only locally relieve the water quality deterioration, and lack effective economic and effective treatment means for the continuous deposition of sediment pollutants. For example, the constructed wetland only ensures the water quality purification of the water body, but the purified water body enters the water system again to be polluted, and the self-purification capability of the water system cannot be fundamentally solved; and like sediment dredging, along with the precipitation of pollution sources such as air, soil, water, plants and the like, the sediment of the riverbed needs to be continuously repaired at intervals, so that the problem of riverbed repairing cannot be solved radically, especially, the original ecology is often seriously damaged in the sediment dredging process, and the treatment of the sludge discharged is also a difficult problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an effective method and an effective system for improving the self-purification capacity of water, particularly improving the purification capacity of sediments at the bottom of the water, improving the environmental capacity of the water, reducing the corresponding pollution control cost and reducing or fundamentally eliminating the requirement of sediment dredging.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the in-situ water body remediation method comprises the steps that a packing layer is arranged below bottom sediment, the bottom sediment is laid on the packing layer, a lower sediment drainage pipe is arranged at the lower part of the packing layer, and the lower sediment drainage pipe is used for carrying out lower sediment drainage to enable the whole water body above the bottom sediment to move downwards to form water flow passing through the bottom sediment, so that the oxygen content of the bottom sediment and all positions of the water body in the vertical direction is improved.
The in-situ water body restoration system comprises a packing layer laid on a water body foundation and bottom mud laid on the packing layer, wherein a mud drainage pipe is arranged at the lower part of the packing layer, and a water-permeable blind pipe is preferably adopted as the mud drainage pipe.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method has the advantages that the blind pipes uniformly distributed below the bottom mud layer are used for underground drainage according to actual detection data or periodically, so that the water in the water body integrally flows downwards, the upper water with higher dissolved oxygen is conducted downwards in a planar micro form, the oxygen content in the lower water body and the bottom mud layer is increased, no dead angle exists, the oxygen environment of the lower water body and the bottom mud layer is improved, the growth and metabolism of aerobic biological flora are favorably maintained and promoted, the black and odorous water body phenomenon caused by excessive anaerobic biochemistry is avoided, the ecology beneficial to water body purification is formed and maintained, the dynamic balance of benign ecology of microorganisms, plants and animals in the water body is promoted, capillary pores in the bottom mud layer are developed, and the mass transfer capacity and the self-purification capacity of the bottom mud are increased; and (3) carrying out micro-treatment on the water body at the root source of the water body through the layer-by-layer filler positioned below the sediment, and purifying and supplementing the water in the river water body. According to actual needs, for example, according to detection data, when the water quality is in a deterioration trend or the dissolved oxygen content in the water body and the bottom mud is lower than a required amount or a set level, the oxygen is supplemented from the lower side of the bottom mud through a blind pipe or a backwash pipe, and in the process that air passes through a packing layer and the bottom mud, the oxygen is directly dissolved in water contained in the packing and the bottom mud.
The invention enables air, water, plants, animals, microorganisms, bottom mud, a base layer and the like to interact, and intelligently and dynamically monitors the water and repairs the water, thereby realizing the purification and ecological restoration technology after improving the water ultra-environment capacity. The technology of the invention has the functional characteristics of aeration, water body ecological balance construction (microorganisms, plants, animals, air and the like), bottom mud real-time restoration, water circulation, dynamic monitoring and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a system configuration to which the present invention relates.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the in-situ water body restoration method applicable or used for realizing any one of the in-situ water body restoration methods disclosed by the invention comprises a packing layer laid on a water body foundation and bottom mud 1 laid on the packing layer, wherein a mud drainage pipe 6 is arranged at the lower part of the packing layer.
The substrate sludge is usually seeded with aquatic plants 11 to utilize the plant purification effect and to contribute to good ecology.
And a permeable geotextile 12 for separating the filler layer and the bottom mud is preferably arranged between the filler layer and the bottom mud.
The under-sludge drain pipe is preferably a water-permeable blind pipe, and can also be other drain pipes into which external water can enter, and is generally provided with a filtering function or a filtering device, for example, a filtering wire mesh is used for wrapping the water inlet of the under-sludge drain pipe.
The filler layer is preferably divided into a filler water collecting layer 5, a filler purifying layer 4 and a filler filtering layer 3 from bottom to top in sequence.
The undermud drain pipe may typically be located in the water collection layer of packing.
The filler particle diameter of the filler filter layer is preferably larger than the filler particle diameter of the filler purification layer, and the filler particle diameter of the filler purification layer is preferably larger than the filler particle diameter of the filler water collection layer. For example, the filler of the filler filtering layer can adopt gravel or zeolite with larger particle size, the filler of the filler purifying layer can adopt gravel or ceramsite with smaller particle size, and the filler of the filler water collecting layer can adopt coarse sand.
The export of sewer pipe under the mud can pass through pipeline access drainage chamber 7, can be equipped with the immersible pump 8 that is used as the suction pump in the drainage chamber, from this, make the indoor water level of drainage be less than the water level to the corresponding degree after drawing water through the immersible pump, water just flows into the drainage chamber through sewer pipe under the mud.
The mud drain pipe can be connected with a water suction pump through a pipeline, so that the water suction pump can directly suck water from the mud drain pipe.
The outlet of the pump is preferably connected via a pipe 10 into the water body 2 above the sediment or above the water body, and other discharge pipes may also be provided as required.
The drainage chamber may be located generally alongside the body of water, and may be generally arranged semi-underground or underground.
When a semi-underground or underground arrangement is used, the vent 9 may be provided to avoid excessive variation in the pressure within the chamber if it is sealed.
When the aeration function is needed, an aeration pipe can be arranged in the packing layer and is connected with an aeration device through a pipeline, and the outlet of the sludge drainage pipe can also be connected with the aeration device through a pipeline.
The aeration device may be provided with an air compressor to provide aeration pressure.
And a backwashing pipe is arranged in the packing layer and is connected with a backwashing pump through a pipeline, or the outlet of the sludge drainage pipe is connected with the backwashing pump through a pipeline.
When the under-sludge drain pipe has multiple functions (such as drainage, aeration, back flushing and the like) or is connected with multiple different devices, the on-off of the pipeline connected with the under-sludge drain pipe can be controlled by arranging a valve on the related pipeline, so that the mutual influence among different functions is avoided, and when one function is executed, the pipeline for executing other functions is cut off.
Monitoring equipment for monitoring the oxygen content or the dissolved oxygen concentration in any one or more of the water body, the bottom sediment, the filler layer and the drainage can be arranged according to actual conditions so as to obtain real-time data of the corresponding oxygen content.
Monitoring equipment for monitoring the pressure in any one or more positions of a water body, bottom sediment, a filler layer and drainage can be arranged according to actual conditions to obtain real-time data of the pressure of the corresponding position, so that the resistance conditions of the corresponding pipelines, the filler layer, the bottom sediment and the like can be analyzed and calculated according to the pressure change of the corresponding position or the pressure difference change of multiple positions, and then whether blockage exists or backwashing is needed is judged.
The selection, setting, data acquisition and transmission means, and data analysis means and analysis means of the particular monitoring device may be in accordance with the prior art.
The in-situ water body repairing method can be used for any in-situ water body repairing system disclosed by the invention, the packing layer is arranged below the bottom sediment, the bottom sediment is laid on the packing layer, the lower part of the packing layer is provided with the under-sediment drainage pipe, the under-sediment drainage is carried out through the under-sediment drainage pipe, the water body above the bottom sediment is integrally moved downwards to form water flow passing through the bottom sediment, so that the oxygen content of the bottom sediment and all positions in the water body vertical direction is improved, and the under-sediment drainage pipe is preferably a water-permeable blind pipe.
When a water body with sludge deposited at the bottom is repaired, preferably, the existing bottom sludge deposited at the bottom of the water body is subjected to semi-dredging type treatment to remove the sludge seriously polluted on the surface layer of the existing bottom sludge, the rest existing bottom sludge is aired and renovated, a sludge drain pipe is laid on the basis of the bottom of the water body after the existing bottom sludge is removed, a filler is laid according to the design requirement of the filler layer, a permeable geotextile is laid on the filler layer, the laying range of the permeable geotextile is preferably not less than the coverage range of the backfilled bottom sludge or is basically similar to the coverage range of the backfilled bottom sludge, the aired and renovated existing bottom sludge is backfilled on the permeable geotextile, other soil is filled or not filled according to the requirement to form the required bottom sludge, and required plants 11 are planted on the bottom sludge.
The drainage under the sediment can be controlled according to the oxygen content in the water body and/or the oxygen content in the sediment, and the drainage under the sediment is carried out when the corresponding oxygen content is lower than the set corresponding oxygen content control lower limit, so that the corresponding oxygen content is recovered, and the oxygen content level or the oxygen content control upper limit which needs to be maintained is reached.
And draining at regular time to keep the corresponding oxygen content not lower than the corresponding oxygen content control lower limit.
The time length (or the time for stopping drainage) for draining the sediment can be set according to experience, or controlled through manual observation, or set according to set fixed time, or set corresponding oxygen content control upper limit, and when the corresponding oxygen content reaches or is higher than the set corresponding oxygen content control upper limit, the drainage under the sediment is stopped.
The bottom sediment drainage mode can be for adopting with the suction pump that the pipeline is connected under the mud is direct to be followed the mud drain pipe draws water, also can be for will the mud drain pipe passes through the pipeline and inserts the drainage chamber, follows through the suction pump draw water in the drainage chamber, makes the water level of drainage chamber descend, and then relies on the pressure differential between water level and the drainage chamber water level to carry out the drainage.
All or part of water discharged in the bottom sediment draining process can be conveyed into the water body above the bottom sediment to supplement water for the water body or realize draining and refluxing.
The substrate sludge can be planted with aquatic plants.
The aquatic plants are preferably aquatic plants that have water purification and/or are suitable for maintaining an ecology favorable for water purification.
Preferably, a permeable geotextile is arranged between the bottom sediment and the packing layer for isolation, so that the permeable geotextile can permeate water and filter through the permeable and filtering effects of the permeable geotextile, and the particulate matters in the bottom sediment can be reduced or prevented from entering the packing layer.
The aeration under the bottom sediment can be carried out according to the requirements, for example, when the oxygen deficiency in the bottom sediment is serious, the oxygen content of the bottom sediment is difficult to effectively improve by the drainage mode under the bottom sediment, or the bottom sediment needs to be loosened by the aeration mode to improve the water permeability and/or mass transfer performance.
The back washing under the sediment can be carried out according to the needs, for example, when the water-permeable through holes of the under-sediment drainage pipe are blocked to influence drainage, or the blockage of the packing layer needs to be eliminated through a back washing mode, particularly, the back washing of the under-sediment drainage pipe is carried out, and then the back washing of the packing layer and the sediment is simultaneously realized.
The aeration can be performed through the mud drainage pipe or through an aeration pipe which is arranged in the filler layer and is independent of the mud drainage pipe.
When the aeration is performed through the sewage pipe, an aeration pipe independent of the sewage pipe may not be separately provided.
The back flushing can be carried out through the mud drainage pipe or through a back flushing pipe which is arranged in the filler layer and is independent of the mud drainage pipe.
When the backwashing is performed through the under-sludge drain pipe, a backwashing pipe independent of the under-sludge drain pipe may not be separately provided.
The invention has the functional characteristics of aeration, establishment of water body ecological balance (microorganisms, plants, animals, air and the like), real-time bottom sediment restoration, water circulation, dynamic monitoring and the like, manual intervention is performed in the early stage, natural work is mainly performed in the later stage, and water body pollution is fundamentally solved. Through a bottom sediment drainage mode, the water body is subjected to plane micro downward conduction, contact between air and the water body surface is increased, the water body is subjected to plane micro motion, and no dead angle exists; meanwhile, the dynamic balance of microorganisms, plants and animals in the water body is promoted, and the oxygen content is improved; in addition, the pores of the bottom mud of the riverbed are developed, and the self-purification energy of the bottom mud is increased; finally, the water body at the root of the water body is subjected to micro-treatment through layer-by-layer filling, and river water is purified and supplemented; the air, the water body, the plants, the animals, the microorganisms, the sediment, the basic layer and the like are interacted, and the intelligent dynamic water body monitoring and water body restoring technology is assisted, so that the purification and the ecological restoration after the water body exceeds the environmental capacity are realized.
The invention is suitable for the restoration engineering and the new construction of polluted water bodies such as rivers, lakes and the like, and particularly has good and lasting purification effect on the water bodies with slow flow speed or static state.
The following is an example of the engineering:
in an annular water system guarantee project in a certain park, 9ha of the total area of the park and 2.3ha of the surface area of a water body are mainly supplied by a south municipal reclaimed water pipe network, the storage capacity of the water system also receives the rainwater volume of the park, the water body is a stagnant water surface, is class V water and has a local black and odorous phenomenon; the depth of lake body bottom mud is 2 meters, which is organic matter and seriously pollutes the mud by nutrition, and the color is black and smelly. In the project, 4 river reach with slow flow rate are selected to carry out semi-dredging type in-situ remediation, namely sludge with serious surface pollution is removed, and the rest bottom sludge is aired and renovated. And after the procedures of laying the blind pipes at the river bottom, constructing the packing layer and the like are finished, backfilling the residual bottom mud and planting the plants. After the engineering is completed, the transformed river reach plants grow vigorously and the landscape effect is good. Air, organisms, soil, water quality and the like in the water system are monitored in real time and dynamically repaired. The water quality of the whole water body is gradually improved: COD is less than or equal to 20, BOD5 is less than or equal to 4, TP is less than or equal to 0.2, TN is less than or equal to 1.5, and the standard of class III water is basically achieved; the quality of the bottom mud is optimized: the nutrient salt, the organic matters and the heavy metals are dynamically detected and repaired, the color of the bottom mud is normal, no peculiar smell exists, and each physical and chemical index is gradually normal.
The invention has the following characteristics:
1) and carrying out semi-dredging type in-situ remediation according to the current situation of the bottom mud. Removing the heavily polluted part of the sludge, selectively airing and retaining the bottom sludge, and repairing the bottom sludge after backfilling.
2) Local transformation is carried out in a targeted manner. The transformation area, the dredging depth, the sludge treatment mode, the filler proportion and thickness, the blind pipe water passing capacity and the like are selected to be implemented by combining the current situation of the water body and the transformation target through factors such as simulation, calculation, comprehensive cost and the like.
3) The riverbed restoration and the constructed wetland concept are combined, and the packing layer is laid on the lower layer of the sediment, so that the water quality is treated in a targeted manner, and the sediment quality is restored and improved.
4) Carry out intelligent monitoring to quality of water, know the quality of water condition in real time so that in time carry out dynamic adjustment, promote the formation of water ecological balance.
5) Lay the blind pipe under the packing layer, set up the immersible pump and take water discontinuously, lead to the water to have no dead angle downward flow, increased the surface of water and air contact and effectively improved DO to river water is taken out after composite action such as aquatic plant, microorganism and packing layer, promotes water circulation, and can be used to the water moisturizing.
6) All water bodies (such as river water and lake water) can slightly move downwards without dead angles, and the oxygen content is increased.
7) Constructing underwater ecology, repairing bottom mud in situ, and purifying and maintaining a water body from a root source;
8) the artificial intervention helps to build the ecological balance of the water body, and the artificial intervention is carried out in time by intelligently monitoring multiple indexes of the water body and the biological state in water, for example, the intervention is carried out by measures such as backwashing, water pumping speed regulation and oxygen content regulation;
9) the input-output ratio is small, the economic benefit is high, the water purification effect is durable when the water is constructed once (the whole river channel is not required to be reconstructed, and only the local construction of the area with the proper flow rate is required to be selected; optimizing the bottom sediment quality, thereby improving the river self-purification capacity).
The technical means disclosed by the invention can be combined arbitrarily to form a plurality of different technical schemes except for special description and the further limitation that one technical means is another technical means.

Claims (9)

1. An in-situ water body remediation method comprises the steps that a packing layer is arranged below bottom sediment, the bottom sediment is laid on the packing layer, a lower sediment drainage pipe is arranged at the lower part of the packing layer, the lower sediment drainage pipe is used for carrying out lower sediment drainage, so that the whole water body above the bottom sediment moves downwards to form water flow passing through the bottom sediment, the oxygen content of the bottom sediment and the water body in the vertical direction is improved, the oxygen environment of the lower part of the water body and a bottom sediment layer is improved, the growth and metabolism of aerobic biological flora are maintained and promoted, and the lower sediment drainage pipe is a water-permeable blind pipe;
when a water body with sludge deposited at the bottom is repaired, the existing bottom sludge deposited at the bottom of the water body is subjected to semi-dredging treatment, the sludge with serious pollution on the surface layer of the existing bottom sludge is removed, the rest existing bottom sludge is aired and renovated, a sludge lower drainage pipe is laid on the basis of the bottom of the water body after the existing bottom sludge is removed, a filler is laid according to the design requirement of the filler layer, a permeable geotextile is laid on the filler layer, the aired and renovated existing bottom sludge is backfilled on the permeable geotextile, other soil is filled or not filled according to the requirement to form the required bottom sludge, and required plants are planted on the bottom sludge;
conveying all or part of water discharged in the bottom sediment draining process to a water body above the bottom sediment, wherein aquatic plants are planted on the bottom sediment;
the filler layer is sequentially divided into a filler water collecting layer, a filler purifying layer and a filler filtering layer from bottom to top, the sludge drain pipe is positioned on the filler water collecting layer, the filler particle size of the filler filtering layer is larger than that of the filler purifying layer, and the filler particle size of the filler purifying layer is larger than that of the filler water collecting layer;
the export of mud sewer pipe passes through the pipeline and inserts the drainage chamber, be equipped with the immersible pump that is used as the suction pump in the drainage chamber, perhaps mud sewer pipe passes through the pipe connection suction pump.
2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the sub-bottom sludge discharge is controlled in dependence on the oxygen content in the body of water and/or the oxygen content in the bottom sludge, the sub-bottom sludge discharge being performed when the respective oxygen content is below a set respective oxygen content control lower limit, or the discharge being performed periodically.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein a permeable geotextile is placed between the bottom mud and the packing layer for separation.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein sub-bottom aeration is performed as needed and sub-bottom backwash is performed as needed.
5. An in-situ water body remediation system adopting the in-situ water body remediation method of any one of claims 1-4, it is characterized by comprising a filler layer laid on a water body foundation and bottom mud laid on the filler layer, a permeable geotextile for separating the packing layer and the bottom mud is arranged between the packing layer and the bottom mud, a lower mud drainage pipe is arranged at the lower part of the packing layer, the filler layer is sequentially divided into a filler water collecting layer, a filler purifying layer and a filler filtering layer from bottom to top, the mud drain pipe is positioned on the filler water collecting layer, the filler particle size of the filler filtering layer is larger than that of the filler purifying layer, the grain diameter of the filler purification layer is larger than that of the filler water collection layer, the outlet of the mud drainage pipe is connected into the drainage chamber through a pipeline, the drainage chamber is internally provided with a submersible pump used as a water suction pump, or the mud drainage pipe is connected with the water suction pump through a pipeline.
6. A system according to claim 5, wherein the outlet of the downsludge discharge pipe is connected to the aeration device by a pipe.
7. The system as set forth in claim 5, wherein an aeration pipe is arranged in the packing layer, and the aeration pipe is connected with the aeration device through a pipeline.
8. The system of claim 5, wherein the outlet of the sludge sewer line is connected to a backwash pump through a pipe.
9. The system as set forth in claim 5, characterized in that a back flushing pipe is arranged in the packing layer, and the back flushing pipe is connected with a back flushing pump through a pipeline.
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