CN109229088B - Automobile electronic mechanical braking system and control method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an automobile electronic mechanical braking system and a control method thereof, wherein the automobile electronic mechanical braking system comprises a brake caliper body, a shell, an electromagnet, a fixed electromagnet, an armature, a return spring, a supporting lever and a guide rod; the brake caliper body on the left side of the brake disc is connected with an electromagnet, the electromagnet is slidably arranged on the guide rod, and the fixed electromagnet is fixedly arranged on the guide rod. And two ends of the supporting lever are respectively abutted against the brake caliper bodies at two sides of the brake disc. According to the invention, attractive force between the electromagnet and the fixed electromagnet is used as a power source of the brake, the brake friction block is contacted with the brake disc to brake after the brake friction block is electrified, the brake friction block is separated from the brake disc through the return spring after the brake friction block is powered off, and the work of the brake is controlled through the ECU. The problems of complex structure, large braking noise, low braking precision, long pressure building time and the like of the electromechanical brake are solved, and the comprehensive performance of the brake is improved.

Description

Automobile electromechanical braking system and control method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to an automobile brake system technology, in particular to an automobile electromechanical brake system and a control method thereof.

Background technique

The traditional braking system technology is mature and is applied by most automobiles. But its complex structure, low control precision, big braking noise and other problems are difficult to solve. With the continuous development of science and technology, people put forward higher requirements for the braking system of automobiles. Electro-hydraulic brake systems and electro-mechanical brake systems have emerged and are widely used in electric vehicles.

At present, the performance of electro-mechanical braking system is more optimized than that of electro-hydraulic braking system. However, the existing electromechanical braking system technology is not mature, and most electromechanical braking systems still have problems such as cumbersome structure, low braking precision, poor compatibility, and slow pressure build-up. It is of great significance to develop an electro-mechanical braking system with simple structure, rapid pressure build-up, high braking accuracy, low braking noise, energy saving and environmental protection, so as to meet market demand.

The Chinese Patent Publication No. CN103486163A "A Piezoelectric Braking Actuator of an Electromechanical Braking System for Vehicles" uses the deformation of electric ceramics to provide braking force, which simplifies the structure of the brake and improves the braking efficiency. However, the device still has the disadvantages of complex structure, inaccurate control precision, and long pressure building time, and does not fundamentally solve the problems existing in the existing electromechanical braking system.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above existing problems, the present invention provides an automotive electromechanical braking system and its control method, which can realize functions such as rapid pressure build-up, low braking noise, and precise adjustment of braking pressure, enriching the electronic mechanical braking system in Applications in automotive braking.

For solving the problems referred to above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is as follows:

The automotive electromechanical braking system and its control method include a brake caliper body one, a brake caliper body two, a return spring one, a return spring two, a moving electromagnet, a fixed electromagnet, an armature, Electromagnets, guide rods, support levers, housings, brake pads and piston seals. Brake caliper body 1, brake caliper body 2, a brake friction block is arranged at one end close to the brake disc, and a piston sealing ring is arranged between the brake caliper body 2 and the housing. The moving electromagnet is connected to the brake caliper body on the left side of the brake disc, and the return spring is set on the moving electromagnet to abut against the moving electromagnet and the housing, and there is a locking hole on the outer surface of the moving electromagnet . Both the moving electromagnet and the fixed electromagnet are equipped with coil windings, and the outer surfaces of the two are equipped with electric brushes, and the electric brushes are connected with the conductive chute on the housing. A guide hole is processed at the central position of the surface of the moving electromagnet and the fixed electromagnet, and the moving electromagnet and the fixed electromagnet are both sleeved on the guide rod. The support lever is installed on the support base, and the support base is fixedly installed on the housing. Both the electromagnet and the armature are installed inside the housing. After electrification, the moving electromagnet and the fixed electromagnet attract each other, and the moving electromagnet drives the brake caliper body connected to it to move, so that the brake friction block contacts the brake disc for braking; at the same time, the brake pad on the right side of the brake disc The brake caliper body 2 drives the upper end of the support lever to move together with it, so that the lower end of the support lever pushes the brake caliper body 2 on the right side of the brake disc to move toward the brake disc, so that the brake friction block is in contact with the brake disc. brake. When the power is cut off, the brake caliper body 1 and the brake caliper body 2 are reset through the action of the return spring 1, the return spring 2 and the piston sealing ring, so that the brake friction blocks on the left and right sides are separated from the brake disc to stop the brake. move. During parking braking, electrify the moving electromagnet and the fixed electromagnet to make the brake friction blocks on the left and right sides stick to the brake disc, and turn off the power to the electromagnet so that the armature enters the locking hole on the outer surface of the moving electromagnet. Thereby realizing the parking brake function.

Further, the rear end of the housing is provided with a terminal, and the terminal is connected to the conductive chute on the inner surface of the housing and the electromagnet in the housing through the wire inside the housing.

Further, the housing is equipped with a heat dissipation device, which can ensure that the working temperature of the electromagnet is kept within the normal working temperature range.

Further, the two ends of the support lever are designed in a cylindrical shape, and are always in contact with the second phase of the brake caliper body during the working process.

Further, an anti-collision block is installed at the top of the guide rod, which can protect parts during braking and reduce braking noise.

Furthermore, an electronically controlled water removal device is provided on the brake disc, which can effectively prevent water recession.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the beneficial effects of:

The invention uses a set of electromagnets to control the brake calipers on both sides of the brake disc for braking, which can avoid the disadvantages of motor-type brake actuators, such as complex structure, cumbersome parts, and slow pressure build-up, and greatly reduces brake noise. , to improve the braking control accuracy. When braking is required but the driver does not give a braking command, the invention can actively control the brake, thereby ensuring the safety of the vehicle and passengers.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described:

Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of the present invention during braking.

Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of the moving electromagnet of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of the fixed electromagnet of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a partial structural view of the casing of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a structural diagram of the support lever of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the braking principle of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a control schematic diagram of the ECU of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Brake caliper body 1, 2. Moving electromagnet, 201. Electric brush, 202. Guide hole, 3. Electromagnet, 4. Armature, 5. Fixed electromagnet, 501. Electric brush, 502. Guide Hole, 6. Terminal post, 7. Guide rod, 8. Anti-collision block, 9. Lock hole, 10. Return spring one, 11. Piston sealing ring, 12. Support base, 13. Support lever, 14. Shell Body, 1401. conductive chute, 15. brake caliper body two, 16. return spring two, 17. piston sealing ring, 18. brake friction block, 19. brake disc.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The accompanying drawings are only used to illustrate the present invention, and do not represent the actual structure and true scale of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of the present invention, an electromechanical braking system, comprising a brake caliper body one 1 and a brake caliper body two 15, a housing 14, a return spring one 10, a return spring two 16, an electromagnet 3. Armature 4, moving electromagnet 2, fixed electromagnet 5, guide rod 7, terminal post 6, support lever 13, support base 12;

A part of the brake caliper body 1 and the brake caliper body 2 15 is installed in the housing 14 , and the brake caliper body 1 is connected with the moving electromagnet 2 . The return spring one 10 is set on the moving electromagnet 2 and abuts against the casing 14 ; the return spring two 16 is set on the brake caliper body two 15 and abuts against the casing 14 . The moving electromagnet 2 is slidably installed on the guide rod 7, and the fixed electromagnet 5 is fixedly installed on the guide rod 7. Both the moving electromagnet 2 and the fixed electromagnet 5 are installed in the casing 14 . The terminal post 6 is mounted on the casing 14, and is connected with the conductive sliding groove 1401 on the inner surface of the casing and the electromagnet 3 inside the casing through the wires inside the casing 14. The support lever 13 is fixedly installed inside the housing 14 through the support base 12, and the upper end of the support lever 13 is in contact with the brake caliper body one 1, and the lower end of the support lever 13 is in contact with the brake caliper body. Body two and 15 are in contact.

Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are respectively the structural schematic diagrams of the moving electromagnet and the fixed electromagnet. The surface of the moving electromagnet 2 is processed with a locking hole 9, the diameter of the locking hole 9 is larger than that of the armature 4, and the armature 4 can fall into the locking hole 9 to lock the moving electromagnet 2. The outer surfaces of the moving electromagnet 2 and the fixed electromagnet 5 are respectively equipped with electric brushes 201 and electric brushes 501 , and the electric brushes 201 and electric brushes 501 slide in the conductive chute 1401 on the inner surface of the housing 14 . The moving magnet 2 and the fixed electromagnet 5 are all processed with a guide hole 202 and a guide hole 502, the moving electromagnet 2 is slidably installed on the guide rod 7 through the guide hole 202, and the fixed electromagnet 5 is fixedly installed on the guide rod 7 through the guide hole 502. on the guide rod 7.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 2 the working principle of the present invention is described:

During the braking process, the current is connected to the terminal 6, and the current is transmitted to the conductive chute 1401 on the inner surface of the housing 14 through the wire inside the housing 14, and the outer surface of the moving electromagnet 2 is The brush 501 on the outer surface of the brush 201 and the fixed electromagnet 5 is in contact with the conductive chute 1401, so that the moving electromagnet 2 and the fixed electromagnet 5 are energized to generate an electromagnetic field, and then the moving electromagnet 2 and the fixed electromagnet 5 attract each other . The moving electromagnet 2 slides on the guide rod 7, and drives the brake caliper body 1 to overcome the elastic force of the return spring 10 to move to the fixed electromagnet 5, and then makes the brake friction block 18 close to the brake disc 19 for friction braking . In the process of braking, the upper end of the support lever 13 is driven to move in the same direction during the movement of the brake caliper body 1, so that the lower end of the support lever 13 moves in the opposite direction, thereby pushing the brake caliper body 2 15 to overcome the return position The elastic force of the spring 2 16 moves toward the brake disc 19, so that the brake friction block 18 is closely attached to the brake disc 19 for friction braking. During the braking process, the electromagnet 3 is energized to attract the armature 4 to ensure that the armature 4 does not fall into the locking hole 9 . Control the suction force between the moving electromagnet 2 and the fixed electromagnet 5 by controlling the size of the current to control the displacement of the brake caliper body 1 and the brake caliper body 2 15, and then control the braking force of the brake; by controlling The braking frequency is controlled by the on and off of the current, thereby improving the braking performance and braking efficiency of the brake system.

When the brake is stopped, the terminal 6 does not receive current, and the magnetism of the moving electromagnet 2 and the fixed electromagnet 5 disappears. The moving electromagnet 2 and the fixed electromagnet 5 no longer attract each other, and the piston sealing ring 11 and the return spring 10 promote the brake caliper body 1 and the moving electromagnet 2 away from the fixed electromagnet 5, and the brake caliper body 1 drives the braking force. The moving friction block 18 leaves the brake disc 19 to stop braking. During the return process of the brake caliper body 1, the upper end of the support lever 13 loses thrust, and the piston sealing ring 17 and the return spring 16 push the brake caliper body 2 15 away from the brake disc 19, so that the brake friction block 18 is separated from the brake. Disc 19 stops braking. During the stop braking process, the electromagnet 3 is energized to attract the armature 4 to ensure that the armature 4 does not fall into the locking hole. After braking, during the return process of brake caliper body 1 and brake caliper body 2 15, the piston sealing ring 11 and piston sealing ring 17 installed in the housing 14 can automatically adjust the wear and tear caused by the braking process. The resulting excessive brake clearance.

During parking braking, the terminal 6 is first connected with an electric current to brake the brake and clamp the brake disc 19 . Stop power supply to electromagnet 3 then, rely on the attraction force of moving electromagnet 2 to armature 4, make armature 4 enter in the locking hole 9 on the moving electromagnet 2, the moving electromagnet 2 is locked. Then stop power supply to moving electromagnet 2 and fixed electromagnet 5.

The different braking control methods implemented by the present invention will be described below in conjunction with accompanying drawings 7 and 8 when the automobile encounters various working conditions.

When the car encounters a signal light at the intersection and needs to brake, if the driver actively changes gears and steps on the brake pedal, the brake pedal position sensor generates a brake pedal position change signal, and the gear sensor generates a gear change signal to transmit To the ECU, the signal lamp status receiver generates the signal lamp change signal as an auxiliary signal to the ECU. The signal is processed in the ECU to generate a braking signal, and then the wheel speed is synthesized to generate a secondary electrical signal to prevent the wheel from locking, and then the secondary electrical signal is output for braking. When the car stops, the brake pedal position sensor generates a brake pedal position change signal and transmits it to the ECU, and the signal processor in the ECU generates a stop braking signal. When parking the brake, the driver pulls the handbrake. If the driver does not step on the brake pedal to brake, the signal light status receiver will generate a signal light change signal, and the object distance signal generated by the object position sensor around the car will be sent to the ECU as the main signal. The signal is processed in the ECU to generate a braking signal. When the car stops, the wheel speed signal generated by the wheel speed sensor is transmitted to the ECU, and the signal processor in the ECU generates a stop braking signal. Then, the signal lamp change signal generated by the signal lamp state receiver and the wheel speed signal generated by the wheel speed sensor are transmitted to the ECU, and the signal processor in the ECU generates a parking brake signal.

When the car is moving forward or reversing, when the distance between the objects around the car and the car is less than the safety distance, if the driver actively takes braking measures, the brake will be performed according to the driver's intention. The object distance signal generated by the position sensor and the wheel speed The wheel speed signal generated by the sensor is transmitted to the ECU as an auxiliary signal. The signal is processed in the ECU, a signal for braking is generated, and then the wheel speed is integrated for braking. If the driver does not actively take braking measures, the object distance signal generated by the position sensor and the wheel speed signal generated by the wheel speed sensor will be sent to the ECU as the main signal. The signal is processed in the ECU, and a braking signal is generated for braking.

Claims (4)

1. An automobile electromechanical braking system comprises a first brake caliper body (1), a second brake caliper body (15), a shell (14), a first return spring (10), a second return spring (16), an electromagnet (3), an armature (4), an electromagnet (2), a fixed electromagnet (5), a guide rod (7), a supporting lever (13) and a supporting base (12); the brake caliper is characterized in that a first brake caliper body (1) is arranged in a shell (14), the first brake caliper body (1) is connected with an electromagnet (2), a first return spring (10) is sleeved on the electromagnet (2), the electromagnet (2) is slidably arranged on a guide rod (7), a fixed electromagnet (5) is fixedly arranged on the guide rod (7), the guide rod (7) is arranged on the shell (14), a support lever (13) is connected inside the shell (14) through a support base (12), and a second return spring (16) is arranged on a second brake caliper body (15); the upper end of the supporting lever (13) is contacted with the first brake caliper body (1), and the lower end of the supporting lever (13) is contacted with the second brake caliper body (15); in the braking process, the upper end of the supporting lever (13) is driven to move in the same direction together in the moving process of the first brake caliper body (1), so that the lower end of the supporting lever (13) moves reversely, and the second brake caliper body (15) is pushed to move towards the brake disc (19) against the elastic force of the second return spring (16).

2. An electromechanical brake system according to claim 1, characterised in that the electromagnet (3) and the armature (4) are mounted inside the housing (14) and that the armature (4) cooperates with a locking hole (9) in the electromagnet (2), the armature (4) falling into the locking hole (9) during parking braking.

3. The electromechanical brake system of claim 1, wherein the two ends of the supporting lever (13) are processed into a cylinder shape, and the two ends of the supporting lever (13) are always tightly attached to the first brake caliper body (1) and the second brake caliper body (15) in the braking and stopping processes, so that the power can be rapidly transmitted.

4. A control method of an electromechanical brake system for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein, when braking is performed, the brake caliper is clamped to the brake disc by controlling the supply of power to the electromagnet (2), the fixed electromagnet (5) and the electromagnet (3) by the ECU; when stopping braking, the ECU controls to stop supplying power to the electromagnet (2), the fixed electromagnet (5) and the electromagnet (3) so as to lead the brake caliper to be far away from the brake disc; during parking braking, the electric power is controlled by the ECU to supply the electric power to the electromagnet (2), the fixed electromagnet (5) and the electromagnet (3) to enable the brake caliper to clamp the brake disc, then the electric power supply to the electromagnet (3) is stopped, the armature (4) falls into the locking hole (9), and then the electric power supply to the electromagnet (2) and the fixed electromagnet (5) is stopped.

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