CN109228824B - Integrated battery, motor and electric control integrated heat management system based on heat pump air conditioner and method thereof - Google Patents
Integrated battery, motor and electric control integrated heat management system based on heat pump air conditioner and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109228824B CN109228824B CN201811277351.1A CN201811277351A CN109228824B CN 109228824 B CN109228824 B CN 109228824B CN 201811277351 A CN201811277351 A CN 201811277351A CN 109228824 B CN109228824 B CN 109228824B
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- heat exchanger
- cooling liquid
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- heat
- air conditioner
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
- B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
- B60H1/00392—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for electric vehicles having only electric drive means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
- H01M10/663—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/545—Temperature
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated battery, a motor and an electric control integrated heat management system based on a heat pump air conditioner and a method thereof, wherein the system comprises a refrigerant cycle, a battery cooling liquid cycle and a motor electric control cooling liquid cycle, an intermediate heat exchanger is adopted as a medium of the refrigerant cycle and the battery cooling liquid cycle, and heat or cold of the refrigerant cycle is transferred into the battery cooling liquid system to realize the coupling operation of a battery pack and the heat pump air conditioner; the inside evaporator and the intermediate heat exchanger in the refrigerant cycle are controlled in parallel when the air conditioner is refrigerating, and the inside condenser and the intermediate heat exchanger in the refrigerant cycle are controlled in series when the air conditioner is heating. The invention can realize a plurality of modes such as air conditioner refrigeration, battery cooling, air conditioner heating, battery heating, air conditioner dehumidification and the like, can meet the temperature control requirements of the air conditioner and the battery under all working conditions, and has high practical value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a comprehensive thermal management system, in particular to an integrated battery, motor and electric control comprehensive thermal management system based on a heat pump air conditioner and a method thereof.
Background
The electric automobile air conditioner in the current market generally adopts a mode of single-cooling air conditioner refrigeration and PTC heating, has low heating energy efficiency, and influences the endurance of the electric automobile. In addition, the thermal management system used on existing electric vehicles generally has only a battery cooling function, and the battery can be kept at the optimal temperature only by PTC heating at low temperature.
The heat pump air conditioner is carried, the heat pump air conditioner is adopted for cooling the battery and heating the battery, the characteristic of high energy efficiency of the heat pump is fully utilized, the heat pump air conditioner is used as a basis, and the integrated battery, motor and electric control comprehensive heat management system is a trend of the future development of the whole electric automobile.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an integrated battery, a motor and an electric control integrated heat management system based on a heat pump air conditioner, which can meet the temperature control requirements of the air conditioner and the battery under all working conditions and has high practical value.
The invention also aims to provide an integrated battery, motor and electric control comprehensive heat management method based on the heat pump air conditioner.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
an integrated battery, a motor and an electric control integrated heat management system based on a heat pump air conditioner, wherein the integrated heat management system comprises a refrigerant cycle, a battery cooling liquid cycle and an electric control cooling liquid cycle of the motor, an intermediate heat exchanger is used as a medium of the refrigerant cycle and the battery cooling liquid cycle, and heat or cold of the refrigerant cycle is transferred into the battery cooling liquid system, so that the coupling operation of a battery pack and the heat pump air conditioner is realized; the inside evaporator and the intermediate heat exchanger in the refrigerant cycle are controlled in parallel when the air conditioner is refrigerating, and the inside condenser and the intermediate heat exchanger in the refrigerant cycle are controlled in series when the air conditioner is heating.
The refrigerant cycle: the compressor is respectively connected with an electromagnetic three-way valve, a vapor-liquid separator and an air supplementing electromagnetic two-way valve, the electromagnetic three-way valve is connected with an external heat exchanger A and a second internal heat exchanger, and the second internal heat exchanger is connected to the intermediate heat exchanger; the external heat exchanger A is sequentially connected with a first throttling element, a flash generator and the air supplementing electromagnetic two-way valve, and the flash generator is sequentially connected with a second throttling element, the first electromagnetic two-way valve, the first internal heat exchanger and the vapor-liquid separator; the flash generator is also sequentially connected with a third throttling element and the intermediate heat exchanger, the intermediate heat exchanger can be connected to the vapor-liquid separator through a third electromagnetic two-way valve, and in addition, the vapor-liquid separator is connected with the off-vehicle heat exchanger A through a second electromagnetic two-way valve; PTC electric heating is arranged at the sides of the first vehicle interior heat exchanger and the second vehicle interior heat exchanger;
the battery cooling liquid circulates: the battery cooling liquid circulating water pump sequentially forms a circulating loop by a first cooling liquid system electromagnetic three-way valve, a battery pack, a second cooling liquid system electromagnetic three-way valve, an off-vehicle heat exchanger B and a cooling liquid system expansion water tank, wherein the first cooling liquid system electromagnetic three-way valve is also sequentially connected with the intermediate heat exchanger and the battery pack;
the motor is electrically controlled to circulate cooling liquid: the motor electric control circulating water pump is sequentially connected with the whole vehicle controller, the whole vehicle driving motor, the outside heat exchanger C and the motor electric control expansion water tank to form a circulating loop.
Further, the first and second in-vehicle heat exchangers are connected in series with an HVAC internal heat exchanger to replace PTC electrical heating, and the HVAC internal heat exchanger can utilize heat pump air conditioner exhaust heat to replace PTC.
Further, the motor is electrically controlled to circulate the cooling liquid: the auxiliary PTC electric heating, the motor electric control electromagnetic two-way valve and the warm air core are added, so that the motor electric control heat recovery is realized; if the heat dissipation of the warm air core is insufficient, the external heat exchanger C and the warm air core are connected in parallel for heat dissipation; if the temperature of the cooling liquid before entering the motor electric control is not high, the warm air core directly carries out heat recovery.
An integrated battery, motor and electric control comprehensive heat management method based on a heat pump air conditioner can realize air conditioner refrigeration, battery cooling, air conditioner heating, battery heating and air conditioner dehumidification modes.
Further, the air conditioning cooling+battery cooling mode: when the outdoor heat load is large in summer, the battery pack is insufficient to meet the cooling requirement by the external heat exchanger B, and at the moment, the redundant heat is required to be transferred into the refrigerant circulation by the intermediate heat exchanger, and the first internal heat exchanger and the intermediate heat exchanger are arranged in parallel in the refrigerant circulation to jointly complete the refrigerant circulation;
the battery pack cooling liquid circulation brings heat generated by the battery pack to the external heat exchanger B and the intermediate heat exchanger, and the cooling liquid enters the battery pack to take away the heat, so that the heat selectively passes through the external heat exchanger B in the electromagnetic three-way valve of the second cooling liquid system: and according to the comparison between the temperature of the cooling liquid at the outlet of the battery pack and the temperature of the air passing through the external heat exchanger A, if the temperature of the cooling liquid is higher, the cooling liquid passes through the external heat exchanger B, otherwise, the cooling liquid directly enters an expansion water tank of the cooling liquid system without passing through the external heat exchanger B and returns to a circulating water pump of the cooling liquid system, so that the circulation is completed.
Still further, the air conditioning cooling+battery cooling mode: or under the condition that the battery pack generates heat and has low heat load when the vehicle runs slowly or stops, the cooling liquid of the battery pack circulates without passing through the intermediate heat exchanger, and the heat dissipation requirement of the battery pack can be met only by the heat dissipation of the external heat exchanger B of the vehicle; only the first in-vehicle heat exchanger is needed to complete the evaporation heat exchange in the refrigerant cycle.
Further, the air conditioning heating+battery heating mode: when the battery pack is insufficient to maintain the working temperature in winter, the heat of the refrigerant is required to be transferred to the battery pack cooling liquid circulation through the intermediate heat exchanger, and the second in-vehicle heat exchanger and the intermediate heat exchanger are arranged in series to jointly complete the refrigerant circulation;
the battery pack cooling liquid circulation is: the cooling liquid sequentially passes through a cooling liquid system circulating water pump, a first cooling liquid system electromagnetic three-way valve, an intermediate heat exchanger, a battery pack, a second cooling liquid system electromagnetic three-way valve, a cooling liquid system expansion water tank and a cooling liquid system circulating water pump.
Further, the air conditioning heating+battery cooling mode: when the air conditioner is used for high-speed running of a vehicle or quick battery charging in spring and autumn, and the battery pack is required to be cooled under the condition that the air conditioner is required to be used for heating in the vehicle, the second in-vehicle heat exchanger and the intermediate heat exchanger are arranged in series to jointly complete refrigerant circulation; the cooling liquid of the battery pack circulates without passing through the intermediate heat exchanger, and the heat dissipation requirement of the battery pack can be met only by the heat dissipation of the heat exchanger B outside the vehicle.
Further, the air conditioning dehumidification mode is that the refrigerant cycle completes air conditioning dehumidification: the second heat exchanger in the vehicle, the intermediate heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger in the vehicle are sequentially connected in series, so that dehumidification of air in the vehicle is completed.
The invention provides a comprehensive heat management system based on a heat pump air conditioner, which integrates a battery, a motor and electric control, adopts the cold or heat of the heat pump air conditioner to cool the battery and heat the battery, fully utilizes the high energy efficiency characteristic of the heat pump air conditioner to save energy for the whole vehicle and improves the whole vehicle endurance;
the invention skillfully adopts system circulation to control the inner evaporator of air conditioner refrigeration and the heat-management intermediate heat exchanger in parallel, and the inner condenser of air conditioner heating and the heat-management intermediate heat exchanger are controlled in series, so that the system principle is more reasonable, and the control is simple and reliable;
the comprehensive thermal management system can realize a plurality of modes such as air conditioner refrigeration, battery cooling, air conditioner heating, battery heating, air conditioner dehumidification and the like, can meet the temperature control requirements of an air conditioner and a battery under all working conditions, and has high practical value;
the invention has the function of recovering heat of the driving motor, realizes the recovery of heat of the motor in the running process of the vehicle, and improves the running energy efficiency.
In summary, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the air conditioner can cool or heat the battery in the conventional modes of refrigeration, heating, dehumidification and the like, replaces the conventional PTC to heat the battery, and improves the overall operation energy efficiency of the system;
2. the conventional automobile air conditioner and the heat management are generally independent, and the invention provides a comprehensive heat management system based on a heat pump air conditioner, integrating a battery, a motor and electric control, wherein the system has strong functions, can heat the battery by using the heat pump air conditioner, and the like: the air conditioner can realize a plurality of modes such as air conditioner refrigeration, battery cooling, air conditioner heating, battery heating, air conditioner dehumidification and the like, and can meet the temperature control requirements of the air conditioner and the battery under all working conditions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cycle diagram of an integrated battery, motor and electronic control integrated heat management system based on a heat pump air conditioner;
FIG. 2 is a cycle chart of the air conditioning cooling mode and battery cooling (when the heat load is large) system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cycle chart of the air conditioning cooling mode and battery cooling (when the heat load is small) system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cycle chart of the air conditioning heating mode and battery heating system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cycle chart of the air conditioning and heating mode and battery cooling system of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cycle chart of the air conditioning dehumidification mode system of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cycle chart of the integrated battery, motor, and electronic control integrated heat management system based on the heat pump air conditioner (alternative one);
FIG. 8 is a cycle chart of the integrated battery, motor and electric control integrated heat management system based on the heat pump air conditioner (alternative II);
wherein 101 is a compressor (in the form of a rotor or a vortex, and the like, with or without an air-conditioning enthalpy increasing function), 102 is an electromagnetic three-way valve (switching air-conditioning refrigeration and heating modes), 103 is an off-vehicle heat exchanger a (a refrigerant outside heat exchanger, air-conditioning refrigeration is a condenser, heating is an evaporator), 104 is a first throttling element (may be an electronic expansion valve, a capillary tube, and the like), 105 is a flash generator (generating refrigerant saturated gas for air-conditioning), 106 is an air-conditioning electromagnetic two-way valve, 107 is a second throttling element, 108 is a first electromagnetic two-way valve, 109 is an on-vehicle heat exchanger 1 (an evaporator for air-conditioning refrigeration), 110 is a vapor-liquid separator, 111 is a second electromagnetic two-way valve, 112 is an on-vehicle heat exchanger 2 (a condenser for air-conditioning heating), 113 is a third electromagnetic two-way valve, 114 is an intermediate heat exchanger (a medium for heat-managing heat exchange between a cooling liquid system and a refrigerant system, and may be a plate heat exchanger, a shell-tube heat exchanger, and the like), 115 is a third throttling element, 116 is an HVAC internal throttle (for controlling whether or not to pass through a secondary heating zone), 109 is an HVAC (for realizing double-air-conditioning heating), 119 is an HVAC (an HVAC heat exchanger), and a PTC is replaced by an inside heat exchanger in the air-conditioner, and a PTC is a heat exchanger is replaced by an HVAC heater in an HVAC zone, 119;
201 is a cooling liquid system circulating water pump, 202 is a first cooling liquid system electromagnetic three-way valve, 203 is a battery pack, 204 is a second cooling liquid system electromagnetic three-way valve, 205 is an off-vehicle heat exchanger B (used for battery cooling circulation), and 206 is a cooling liquid system expansion water tank;
301 is a motor electric control circulating water pump, 302 is a vehicle controller (comprising DC-DC, a frequency converter and the like), 303 is a vehicle driving motor, 304 is an external heat exchanger C (used for a motor and an electric control cooling cycle), 305 is a motor electric control expansion water tank, 306 is auxiliary PTC electric heating (a device for replacing the original 117 air cooling PTC to provide a heat source in an alternative scheme), 307 is a warm air core (a heat exchanger radiating through cooling liquid), and 308 is a motor electric control electromagnetic two-way valve.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
The integrated battery, motor and electric control integrated heat management system based on the heat pump air conditioner in the embodiment comprises three loops: refrigerant circulation, battery cooling liquid circulation, motor and automatically controlled cooling liquid circulation. The intermediate heat exchanger 114 is used as a medium for the refrigerant circulation and the battery cooling liquid circulation, and heat and cold of the refrigerant circulation are transferred to the battery cooling liquid system, so that the coupling operation of the battery pack and the air conditioner is realized.
In the air conditioning, the inside evaporator and the intermediate heat exchanger 114 in the refrigerant cycle are controlled in parallel, and in the air conditioning, the inside condenser and the intermediate heat exchanger 114 in the refrigerant cycle are controlled in series.
Three core schemes are shown in fig. 1, 7 and 8 respectively; fig. 1 is a main scheme, fig. 7 and fig. 8 are alternative schemes, and the rest of the drawings are extended explanations of the above three schemes, and the system circulation is shown by arrows in the drawings.
Refrigerant cycle: the compressor 101 is respectively connected with the electromagnetic three-way valve 102, the vapor-liquid separator 110 and the air supplementing electromagnetic two-way valve 106, the electromagnetic three-way valve 102 is connected with the external heat exchanger A103 and the internal heat exchanger 2 112, and the internal heat exchanger 2 112 is connected with the intermediate heat exchanger 114; the heat exchanger A103 outside the automobile is sequentially connected with a first throttling element 104, a flash generator 105 and an air supplementing electromagnetic two-way valve 106, the flash generator 105 is further connected with the heat exchanger 1 inside the automobile and an intermediate heat exchanger 114 through the throttling element respectively, a first electromagnetic two-way valve 108 is arranged between the throttling element and the heat exchanger 1 inside the automobile, the heat exchanger 1 inside the automobile is connected with a vapor-liquid separator 110, the intermediate heat exchanger 114 can be connected to the vapor-liquid separator 110 through a third electromagnetic two-way valve 113, and in addition, the vapor-liquid separator 110 is connected with the heat exchanger A103 outside the automobile through a second electromagnetic two-way valve 111.
Battery cooling liquid circulation: the circulating water pump 201 sequentially forms a circulating loop with the first coolant system electromagnetic three-way valve 202, the battery pack 203, the second coolant system electromagnetic three-way valve 204, the off-vehicle heat exchanger B205, the coolant system expansion water tank 206 and the circulating water pump 201, wherein the first coolant system electromagnetic three-way valve 202 is further sequentially connected with the intermediate heat exchanger 114 and the battery pack 203.
Motor and electronic control coolant circulation: the motor electric control circulating water pump 301 is sequentially connected with the whole vehicle controller 302, the whole vehicle driving motor 303, the outside heat exchanger C304 and the motor electric control expansion water tank 305 to form a circulating loop.
Fig. 2 is a cycle chart of an air conditioning cooling mode and a battery cooling (when the heat load is large) system, mainly used when the outdoor heat load is large in summer, the battery 203 is insufficient to meet the cooling requirement by only passing through the outer heat exchanger B205, and the extra heat needs to be transferred to the refrigerant cycle by the intermediate heat exchanger 114.
The refrigerant cycle is: the refrigerant is compressed into high-temperature high-pressure steam through the compressor 101, enters the external heat exchanger A103 for condensation through the electromagnetic three-way valve 102 (A-B is conducted), then enters the flash evaporator 105 after being subjected to primary throttling through the first throttling element 104, one part of the refrigerant enters the compressor 101 through the air supplementing electromagnetic two-way valve 106 for air supplementing, the other part of the refrigerant enters the evaporation side, the first electromagnetic two-way valve 108 and the third electromagnetic two-way valve 113 are simultaneously opened, the evaporator-internal heat exchanger 1 and the intermediate heat exchanger 114 are in parallel connection in the refrigeration cycle, the other part of the refrigerant passing through the flash evaporator 105 simultaneously passes through the second throttling element 107 and the third throttling element 115 (the throttling element is used for flow distribution), then is evaporated in the internal heat exchanger 1 and the intermediate heat exchanger 114, then is converged together and returns to the vapor-liquid separator 110, the second electromagnetic two-way valve 111 is closed, and finally returns to the compressor 101 to complete the refrigeration cycle.
The battery pack cooling liquid circulation is: this cycle brings the heat generated by the battery pack to the off-board heat exchanger B205 and the intermediate heat exchanger 114, ensuring that the battery is maintained at the optimum operating temperature. The cooling liquid enters the intermediate heat exchanger 114 through the cooling liquid system circulating water pump 201 and the first cooling liquid system electromagnetic three-way valve 202 (G-H is conducted), the refrigerant at the low temperature circulates at the other side in the intermediate heat exchanger 114, the intermediate heat exchanger 114 transfers the heat of the cooling liquid to the refrigerant side, the cooling liquid is cooled to reach the optimal temperature, and the refrigerant absorbs the heat to evaporate. The coolant then enters the battery 203 to remove heat, and selectively passes through the outside heat exchanger-the off-board heat exchanger B205 in the second coolant system electromagnetic three-way valve 204 (depending on the comparison of the battery outlet coolant temperature and the outside ring temperature, if the coolant temperature is higher, D-F is on, the coolant passes through the off-board heat exchanger B205, otherwise D-E is on, and does not pass through the off-board heat exchanger B205, and then the coolant enters the coolant system expansion tank 206, and finally returns to the coolant system circulating water pump 201, completing the cycle).
The motor and the electric control cooling liquid circulate as follows: the circulation brings heat emitted by the electric control and motor to the external heat exchanger C304, and the cooling liquid sequentially passes through the electric motor control circulating water pump 301, the whole vehicle controller 302, the whole vehicle driving motor 303, the external heat exchanger C304, the electric motor control expansion water tank 305 and the electric motor control circulating water pump 301 to complete circulation.
Preferably, three heat exchangers outside the vehicle: the external heat exchanger a103, the external heat exchanger B205, the external heat exchanger C304 are located upstream, middle, downstream of the air flow, respectively, or the external heat exchanger a103 is located upstream, and the external heat exchanger B205 and the external heat exchanger C304 are located downstream side by side, which is mainly determined according to the operating temperature thereof. The heat exchanger arrangement is the relative position, from the front to the back, of the external heat exchanger A103 is at the forefront, and the external heat exchanger B205 and the external heat exchanger C304 are arranged in sequence from the front to the back, but the external heat exchanger B205 and the external heat exchanger C304 are not necessarily arranged in series behind the external heat exchanger A103, and the two heat exchangers can be arranged in parallel behind the external heat exchanger A103, and of course, the size of the two heat exchangers can be smaller if the two heat exchangers are connected in parallel.
Fig. 3 is a cycle chart of an air conditioning cooling mode and a battery cooling (when a heat load is small) system, and the difference between the scheme of fig. 2 is that: when the vehicle runs slowly or stops, the heat of the battery pack is not high, the cooling liquid does not circulate through the intermediate heat exchanger 114, and the heat dissipation requirement of the battery pack can be met only by dissipating the heat of the external heat exchanger B205.
The refrigerant cycle is: otherwise, as in fig. 2, the third electromagnetic two-way valve 113 is closed, and the refrigerant passing through the flash evaporator 105 passes through the secondary throttle 107, enters the in-vehicle evaporator 1 109, then enters the vapor-liquid separator 110, and finally returns to the compressor 101.
The battery pack cooling liquid circulation is: the first cooling liquid system electromagnetic three-way valve 202 (G-I is connected), the second cooling liquid system electromagnetic three-way valve 204 (D-F is connected), and the cooling liquid sequentially passes through the cooling liquid system circulating water pump 201, the first cooling liquid system electromagnetic three-way valve 202, the battery pack 203, the second cooling liquid system electromagnetic three-way valve 204, the off-vehicle heat exchanger B205, the cooling liquid system expansion water tank 206 and the cooling liquid system circulating water pump 201.
The motor and the electrically controlled coolant circulation are the same as in the fig. 2 solution.
At this time, all three loops are independent, and one loop can be independently operated.
Fig. 4 is a cycle diagram of an air conditioning and heating mode and a battery heating system, which is mainly used when the battery pack 203 itself is insufficient to maintain its optimal operating temperature in winter, the heat of the refrigerant needs to be transferred to the coolant circulation through the intermediate heat exchanger 114.
The refrigerant cycle is: the refrigerant is compressed into high-temperature high-pressure steam through the compressor 101, the high-temperature high-pressure steam enters the heat exchanger 2 in the vehicle through the electromagnetic three-way valve 102 (A-C is conducted) to supply heat to the interior of the vehicle, the third electromagnetic two-way valve 113 and the first electromagnetic two-way valve 108 are closed, then enter the intermediate heat exchanger 114 to exchange heat with a cooling liquid system, then enter the flash evaporator 105 through the third throttling element 115, the air supplementing enters the compressor 101 through the air supplementing electromagnetic two-way valve 106, the other part of the refrigerant is subjected to secondary throttling through the first throttling element 104, then is evaporated through the outer side heat exchanger A103, the second electromagnetic two-way valve 111 is opened, and then finally returns to the compressor 101 through the vapor-liquid separator 110. In this process, the in-vehicle heat exchanger 2 112 and the intermediate heat exchanger 114 are in a series relationship.
The battery pack cooling liquid circulation is: the first cooling liquid system electromagnetic three-way valve 202 (G-H is connected), the second cooling liquid system electromagnetic three-way valve 204 (D-E is connected), and the cooling liquid sequentially passes through the cooling liquid system circulating water pump 201, the first cooling liquid system electromagnetic three-way valve 202, the intermediate heat exchanger 114, the battery pack 203, the cooling liquid system electromagnetic three-way valve 204, the cooling liquid system expansion water tank 206 and the cooling liquid system circulating water pump 201.
The motor and the electrically controlled coolant circulation are the same as in the fig. 2 solution.
Fig. 5 is a cycle chart of an air conditioning and heating mode and a battery cooling system, which is mainly used for high-speed operation of a vehicle or quick battery charging in spring and autumn or similar conditions, and air conditioning and heating are needed in the vehicle, and the battery pack 203 needs to be cooled.
The refrigerant cycle is: exactly the same as the scheme of fig. 4;
the battery pack cooling liquid circulation is: exactly the same as the scheme of fig. 3.
The motor and the electrically controlled coolant circulation are the same as in the fig. 2 solution.
Fig. 6 is a cycle diagram of an air conditioning dehumidification mode system, which focuses on implementing an in-vehicle dehumidification mode by circulating a refrigerant, the refrigerant is compressed into high-temperature and high-pressure steam by a compressor 101, the high-temperature and high-pressure steam enters an in-vehicle heat exchanger 2 112 to supply heat to the interior of a vehicle through an electromagnetic three-way valve 102 (a-C is conducted), a third electromagnetic two-way valve 113 and a second electromagnetic two-way valve 111 are closed, then enter an intermediate heat exchanger 114, then pass through a third throttling element 115 and a second throttling element 107, the first electromagnetic two-way valve 108 is opened, the throttled refrigerant enters an in-vehicle evaporator 1 109 to dehumidify the air, and then returns to the compressor 101 through a vapor-liquid separator 110. The air in the HVAC is cooled and dehumidified by the in-vehicle evaporator 109 and then heated by the in-vehicle heat exchanger 112, thereby completing the dehumidification process of the in-vehicle air.
In this process, the battery pack coolant circulates: cooling or heating of the battery pack may be accomplished according to the cycle in fig. 4 (battery heating) and fig. 5 (battery cooling).
In this process, the motor and the electronically controlled coolant circulation scheme is the same as that of fig. 2.
As shown in fig. 7, alternative 1 for thermal management (alternative to motor, electronically controlled cooling cycle); the system is different from the scheme of fig. 1 in that the heat recovery of the motor and the electric control is realized, and an auxiliary PTC electric heater 306, a motor electric control electromagnetic two-way valve 308 and a warm air core 307 are added. If there is a need for dual temperature zones in the vehicle, the air mixing is required by the rotation of the HVAC internal damper 116, and a stable heat source must be provided in the warm air core 307, and the auxiliary PTC electric heater 306 can be turned on to temporarily provide heat to the warm air core 307 when the vehicle is not started or the motor is not started in the initial stage, and the auxiliary PTC electric heater 306 can be turned off to directly utilize the motor heat if the motor is heated sufficiently for a while during the running of the vehicle. The motor electric control electromagnetic two-way valve 308 is in a closed state by default, the switch of the motor electric control electromagnetic two-way valve can be judged according to the temperature of the cooling liquid before electric control, if the temperature of the cooling liquid exceeds a certain set value, the heat dissipation of the warm air core 307 in the vehicle is proved to be insufficient, at the moment, the motor electric control electromagnetic two-way valve 308 is controlled to be opened, and the outside heat exchanger C304 and the warm air core 307 are connected in parallel for heat dissipation; if the temperature of the cooling liquid before entering the electric control is not high, the motor electric control electromagnetic two-way valve 308 can be continuously closed for heat recovery.
As shown in fig. 8, alternative 2 for thermal management; the system differs from the scheme of fig. 1 in that the original PTC electric heating 117 is replaced by the HVAC internal heat exchanger 120 connected in series on the refrigerant exhaust side (the PTC electric heating 117 in the HVAC of fig. 1 is replaced by the heat pump exhaust heat), and the compressed exhaust air passes through the HVAC internal heat exchanger 120 no matter the air conditioner is in the cooling, heating or dehumidifying mode, so that a constant heat source is ensured, and the air conditioner with double temperature areas in the vehicle is realized by mixing air. And the exhaust heat is utilized to replace PTC, so that the electric quantity of the whole vehicle can be saved.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The integrated battery, motor and electric control integrated heat management system based on the heat pump air conditioner is characterized by comprising a refrigerant cycle, a battery cooling liquid cycle and a motor electric control cooling liquid cycle, wherein an intermediate heat exchanger is used as a medium of the refrigerant cycle and the battery cooling liquid cycle, and heat or cold of the refrigerant cycle is transferred into the battery cooling liquid system to realize the coupling operation of a battery pack and the heat pump air conditioner; the inner side evaporator and the intermediate heat exchanger in the refrigerant cycle are controlled in parallel during air conditioning refrigeration, and the inner side condenser and the intermediate heat exchanger in the refrigerant cycle are controlled in series during air conditioning heating;
the refrigerant cycle: the compressor is respectively connected with an electromagnetic three-way valve, a vapor-liquid separator and an air supplementing electromagnetic two-way valve, the electromagnetic three-way valve is connected with an external heat exchanger A and a second internal heat exchanger, and the second internal heat exchanger is connected to the intermediate heat exchanger; the external heat exchanger A is sequentially connected with a first throttling element, a flash generator and the air supplementing electromagnetic two-way valve, and the flash generator is sequentially connected with a second throttling element, the first electromagnetic two-way valve, the first internal heat exchanger and the vapor-liquid separator; the flash generator is also sequentially connected with a third throttling element and the intermediate heat exchanger, the intermediate heat exchanger can be connected to the vapor-liquid separator through a third electromagnetic two-way valve, and in addition, the vapor-liquid separator is connected with the off-vehicle heat exchanger A through a second electromagnetic two-way valve; PTC electric heating is arranged at the sides of the first vehicle interior heat exchanger and the second vehicle interior heat exchanger;
the battery cooling liquid circulates: the battery cooling liquid circulating water pump sequentially forms a circulating loop by a first cooling liquid system electromagnetic three-way valve, a battery pack, a second cooling liquid system electromagnetic three-way valve, an off-vehicle heat exchanger B and a cooling liquid system expansion water tank, wherein the first cooling liquid system electromagnetic three-way valve is also sequentially connected with the intermediate heat exchanger and the battery pack;
the motor is electrically controlled to circulate cooling liquid: the motor electric control circulating water pump is sequentially connected with the whole vehicle controller, the whole vehicle driving motor, the outside heat exchanger C and the motor electric control expansion water tank to form a circulating loop.
2. An integrated battery, motor, electrically controlled integrated thermal management system based on a heat pump air conditioner as set forth in claim 1 wherein said first and second in-vehicle heat exchangers are side-in-series HVAC internal heat exchangers that replace PTC electrical heating, the HVAC internal heat exchangers utilizing heat pump air conditioner exhaust heat to replace PTC.
3. The integrated battery, motor and electric control integrated heat management system based on heat pump air conditioner as set forth in claim 1, wherein said motor is electrically controlled to circulate cooling fluid: the auxiliary PTC electric heating, the motor electric control electromagnetic two-way valve and the warm air core are added, so that the motor electric control heat recovery is realized; if the heat dissipation of the warm air core is insufficient, the external heat exchanger C and the warm air core are connected in parallel for heat dissipation; if the temperature of the cooling liquid before entering the motor electric control is not high, the warm air core directly carries out heat recovery.
4. The comprehensive heat management method for the integrated battery, motor and electric control comprehensive heat management system based on the heat pump air conditioner is characterized by being capable of realizing air conditioner refrigeration, battery cooling, air conditioner heating, battery heating and air conditioner dehumidification modes.
5. The integrated thermal management method of claim 4, wherein the air conditioning refrigeration + battery cooling mode: when the outdoor heat load is large in summer, the battery pack is insufficient to meet the cooling requirement by the external heat exchanger B, and at the moment, the redundant heat is required to be transferred into the refrigerant circulation by the intermediate heat exchanger, and the first internal heat exchanger and the intermediate heat exchanger are arranged in parallel in the refrigerant circulation to jointly complete the refrigerant circulation;
the battery pack cooling liquid circulation brings heat generated by the battery pack to the external heat exchanger B and the intermediate heat exchanger, and the cooling liquid enters the battery pack to take away the heat, so that the heat selectively passes through the external heat exchanger B in the electromagnetic three-way valve of the second cooling liquid system: and according to the comparison between the temperature of the cooling liquid at the outlet of the battery pack and the temperature of the air passing through the external heat exchanger A, if the temperature of the cooling liquid is higher, the cooling liquid passes through the external heat exchanger B, otherwise, the cooling liquid directly enters an expansion water tank of the cooling liquid system without passing through the external heat exchanger B and returns to a circulating water pump of the cooling liquid system, so that the circulation is completed.
6. The integrated thermal management method of claim 5, wherein the air conditioning refrigeration + battery cooling mode: or under the condition that the battery pack generates heat and has low heat load when the vehicle runs slowly or stops, the cooling liquid of the battery pack circulates without passing through the intermediate heat exchanger, and the heat dissipation requirement of the battery pack can be met only by the heat dissipation of the external heat exchanger B of the vehicle; only the first in-vehicle heat exchanger is needed to complete the evaporation heat exchange in the refrigerant cycle.
7. The integrated thermal management method of claim 4, wherein the air conditioning heating+battery heating mode: when the battery pack is insufficient to maintain the working temperature in winter, the heat of the refrigerant is required to be transferred to the battery pack cooling liquid circulation through the intermediate heat exchanger, and the second in-vehicle heat exchanger and the intermediate heat exchanger are arranged in series to jointly complete the refrigerant circulation;
the battery pack cooling liquid circulation is: the cooling liquid sequentially passes through a cooling liquid system circulating water pump, a first cooling liquid system electromagnetic three-way valve, an intermediate heat exchanger, a battery pack, a second cooling liquid system electromagnetic three-way valve, a cooling liquid system expansion water tank and a cooling liquid system circulating water pump.
8. The integrated thermal management method of claim 4, wherein the air conditioning heating + battery cooling mode: when the air conditioner is used for high-speed running of a vehicle or quick battery charging in spring and autumn, and the battery pack is required to be cooled under the condition that the air conditioner is required to be used for heating in the vehicle, the second in-vehicle heat exchanger and the intermediate heat exchanger are arranged in series to jointly complete refrigerant circulation; the cooling liquid of the battery pack circulates without passing through the intermediate heat exchanger, and the heat dissipation requirement of the battery pack can be met only by the heat dissipation of the heat exchanger B outside the vehicle.
9. The integrated thermal management method of claim 4, wherein the air conditioning dehumidification mode is a refrigerant cycle completing air conditioning dehumidification: the second heat exchanger in the vehicle, the intermediate heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger in the vehicle are sequentially connected in series, so that dehumidification of air in the vehicle is completed.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811277351.1A CN109228824B (en) | 2018-10-30 | 2018-10-30 | Integrated battery, motor and electric control integrated heat management system based on heat pump air conditioner and method thereof |
| PCT/CN2019/104930 WO2020088106A1 (en) | 2018-10-30 | 2019-09-09 | Comprehensive thermal management system for integrated battery, motor, and electrical control unit based on heat pump air conditioner and method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811277351.1A CN109228824B (en) | 2018-10-30 | 2018-10-30 | Integrated battery, motor and electric control integrated heat management system based on heat pump air conditioner and method thereof |
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| CN109228824A CN109228824A (en) | 2019-01-18 |
| CN109228824B true CN109228824B (en) | 2023-10-31 |
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| DE102020100428A1 (en) * | 2019-02-06 | 2020-08-06 | Hanon Systems | Air conditioning and battery cooling arrangement with high cooling capacity and passive battery cooling and method for operating an air conditioning and battery cooling arrangement |
| DE102019107191A1 (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2020-09-24 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Heating system for an electric or hybrid vehicle, electric or hybrid vehicle, method for operating a heating system |
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| CN111923694B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2022-08-19 | 华为数字能源技术有限公司 | Thermal management system and electric vehicle |
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| CN112268392A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-01-26 | 扬州兆邦能源科技有限公司 | Combined efficient heat management heat exchanger |
| CN113199923B (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2022-05-10 | 广州小鹏汽车科技有限公司 | Thermal management system, control method and vehicle |
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| CN113432339A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-09-24 | 同济大学 | Multi-heat-source heat pump type electric automobile heat management system based on phase change heat storage |
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| CN113400893B (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2023-01-03 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Thermal management system, method and device for automobile |
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