Flue flow equalizer device and design method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of low-temperature flue gas flow equalization in the thermal power generation industry, and particularly relates to a flue flow equalizer device and a design method thereof, namely a flue flow equalizer at an inlet variable cross-section flue of flue gas treatment equipment at the downstream of a desulfurization tower.
Background
9 months in 2014, national development and improvement committee, energy agency and environmental department jointly release coal and electricity energy conservation and emission reduction upgrading and improvement action plan (2014-2020), and the most severe standard in history is put forward for emission in the thermal power industry in China, namely 6% O2Under the condition, the smoke dust emission concentration is not higher than 10mg/Nm3. The national coal-fired power plants start ultra-low emission reconstruction, and the performance of the flue gas treatment equipment is comprehensively improved.
The mainstream technical route adopted by the flue gas treatment system of the coal-fired power plant in China is as follows: SCR (selective catalytic reduction) -ESP (electrostatic precipitator) -WFGD (wet desulfurization tower) -WESP (wet electrostatic precipitator)/WPTA (wet phase change coalescer). The concentration of the dust in the smoke at the WFGD outlet is generally difficult to meet the final emission requirement, and the low-dust smoke needs to be further purified by relying on WESP or WPTA, so that the guarantee of the working performance of the WESP or WPTA has important significance for guaranteeing the long-term stable standard of the smoke emission of a coal-fired power plant.
The flue between the WFGD outlet and the WESP or WPTA inlet is usually provided with a section of variable cross-section flue, and when the flue gas passes through the variable cross-section flue, the flow velocity distribution of the flue gas in the flue is not uniform under the condition of no flow equalizing device, so that the retention time of the flue gas in the WESP and the WPTA is influenced, and the working performance of the WEPS and the WPTA is reduced. Generally, the flow velocity of the central area of the flue is high, the flow velocity of the flue gas close to the wall surface of the flue is low, and the phenomenon of uneven distribution of the flow velocity of the flue gas is more obvious at the position of the variable cross section of the flue. Therefore, the development of the flue flow equalizer device and the design method under the high-humidity flue gas condition have very important significance.
At present, most of flue gas flow equalizing devices under the condition of high-humidity flue gas at the downstream of a desulfurizing tower are based on the principle of physical rectification, and the flow rates of the flue gas at different positions of the cross section of a flue are close to each other by installing resistance pieces in the flue in different forms. The devices are mostly made of metal materials, the flue gas humidity at the downstream of the desulfurizing tower is saturated, the corrosion resistance of the metal resistance part is uncertain, the corrosion prevention treatment cost is high, and meanwhile, the metal resistance part is troublesome to install and is inconvenient to overhaul and maintain.
Patent document CN 101476736a discloses a sharp turn flue flow equalizing device. The vertical flue is virtually divided into a front half part and a rear half part by utilizing a plurality of groups of guide vane grids, so that the longitudinal depth required for achieving a flow equalizing state after the flue gas turns sharply is reduced. The device equipment is simple, construction convenience, is applicable to the place that the flue gas flow direction has obvious change, can't play better flue gas effect of flow equalizing to the straight flue of variable cross section.
Patent document with granted publication number CN 204799414U discloses a flue gas uniform distribution device. The device forms a set of flue gas rectifying device through the rectifying grating, the support ring and the support beam, is used for flue gas flow equalization of a WESP inlet variable cross-section flue, adopts PP material to manufacture the rectifying grating, and can play a good anti-corrosion effect, but the method does not provide a general design method aiming at the structural parameters of the rectifying grating under different flue structural conditions, and has poor universality in practical engineering application occasions.
Patent document No. CN 205208586U discloses a variable cross-section flue flow equalizing plate. The method realizes the flue gas flow equalization of the variable cross-section flue by installing the splayed flow equalizing plate on the variable cross-section flue, the device is simple, the flow equalizing plate is made of steel plates, the flow equalizing plate cannot adapt to high-humidity flue gas at the downstream of a desulfurizing tower, the corrosion risk exists, meanwhile, a general design method is not provided, and the method has great limitation in the popularization and use process.
Accordingly, there is a need for improvements in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an efficient flue flow equalizer device and a design method.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a flue flow equalizer device which comprises: comprises a flow equalizer arranged in a variable cross-section flue;
the flow equalizer is provided with a rectangular array consisting of flow equalizing holes, and the diameters of the flow equalizing holes on the flow equalizer are sequentially increased from the center position to the edge position of the flow equalizer.
As an improvement of the flue flow equalizer device of the invention:
the flow equalizing holes are uniformly distributed in the center of the flow equalizer, and one of the flow equalizing holes is positioned in the center of the flow equalizer.
The invention also provides a design method of the flue flow equalizer device, which comprises the following steps:
1) setting geometric structure parameters of the variable cross-section flue;
2) according to the symmetry of the variable cross-section flue, an ICEM software is utilized to construct a three-dimensional flue 1/4 simplified model;
3) artificially setting the initial limiting requirement of the flow equalizer, including setting the pressure drop delta P of the flue gas passing through the flow equalizer0And the flow area S of the given current equalizertFlow area StThe area of the added current equalizing holes of all the given current equalizers is obtained;
4) manually adjusting the structural parameters of the equalizing holes of the actual flow equalizer, wherein the structural parameters of the equalizing holes comprise the transverse spacing and the longitudinal spacing of a rectangular array formed by the equalizing holes and the diameter of the equalizing holes;
5) judging whether the flow area S of the actual current equalizer meets the flow area S of the given current equalizertThe requirements of (1): s is not less than St(ii) a If the requirement is not met, returning to the step 4); if the requirement is met, executing the step 6);
the flow area S of the actual current equalizer is the area obtained by adding the current equalizing holes of all the actual current equalizers;
6) constructing a 1/4 flow equalizer simplified model in a three-dimensional flue 1/4 simplified model by using ICEM software;
7) introducing a three-dimensional flue 1/4 simplified model and a 1/4 flow equalizer simplified model into software fluent19.0, calculating a flue gas flow field under the condition of selected parameters in a variable cross-section flue, and judging whether the flue pressure drop delta P meets the pressure drop delta P when flue gas passes through the flow equalizer or not0The requirements of (1): Δ P ≦ Δ P0(ii) a If the requirement is not met, returning to the step 4), and adjusting the structural parameters of the flow equalizing hole again; if the requirement is met, executing the step 8);
8) judging whether the standard deviation sigma of the flue gas flow velocity of the section of the rear flue of the flow equalizer meets the requirement:
wherein:
v
ithe flow rate of flue gas at the outlet of the ith flow equalizing hole is the same from near to far in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction from the center of the flow equalizer;
the average flow velocity of the flue gas passing through the flow equalizer; n is the total number of the flow equalizing holes from the center to the edge of the flow equalizer on the same straight line;
if the requirement is not met, returning to the step 4), and adjusting the structural parameters of the flow equalizing hole; if the requirements are met, the calculation is finished, d1、d2、d3……dn;x2、x3……xnThe design parameters of the structure of the current equalizer are met.
The technical advantages of the flue flow equalizer device and the design method are as follows:
the invention provides a design method for optimizing structural parameters of a variable cross-section flue gas flow equalizer, which adopts a three-dimensional simplified model of a flue and utilizes CAD fluid simulation software to calculate and optimize the structural parameters of the variable cross-section flue gas flow equalizer;
furthermore, the invention adopts a three-dimensional flue simplified model, thereby greatly reducing the number of grids of the three-dimensional flue model, shortening the time consumed by CAD fluid simulation and accelerating the overall design speed;
furthermore, the flow equalizer disclosed by the invention is made of a fluoroplastic material, has excellent material properties such as corrosion resistance and ash resistance, improves the running stability of the flow equalizer, and reduces the running and maintenance cost.
Drawings
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional variable cross-section flue;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a variable cross-section flue interface of the flue current equalizer apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the current equalizer of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a portion of the structure of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the design method of the flue flow equalizer of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1 a flue gas equalizer apparatus, as shown in fig. 1-5, comprises an equalizer 3 disposed in a variable cross-section flue,
The variable cross-section flue comprises a variable cross-section flue inlet section 1, a variable cross-section flue amplifying section 2 and a variable cross-section flue outlet section 4 which are sequentially connected, and the diameter of the variable cross-section flue inlet section 1 is smaller than that of the variable cross-section flue outlet section 4.
When the flow equalizer 3 is not arranged in the variable cross-section flue, the flue gas flow velocity distribution of the inlet section 1 of the variable cross-section flue is uniform, and after passing through the variable cross-section flue amplification section 2, the flue gas flow velocity distribution is greatly changed, so that the flue gas flow velocity distribution in the outlet section 4 of the variable cross-section flue is uneven, the flue gas flow velocity at the center of the flue is high, and the flue gas flow velocity close to the flue to avoid the position is low.
According to the invention, flue gas passes through the flow equalizer 3 at the joint of the variable cross-section flue amplification section 2 and the variable cross-section flue outlet section 4, and the flow velocity of the flue gas on the cross section of the variable cross-section flue outlet section 4 is uniformly distributed after the flue gas is rectified by the flow equalizer 3.
The shape of the flow equalizer 3 is matched with the shape of the cross section of the flue at the installation position, namely the periphery of the flow equalizer 3 is contacted with the inner side wall of the variable cross section flue, and the flow equalizer 3 is made of fluoroplastic materials. The flow equalizer 3 is provided with a rectangular array consisting of a plurality of flow equalizing holes 5 (the flow equalizing holes 5 are uniformly distributed in the center of the flow equalizer 3, one flow equalizing hole 5 is positioned in the center of the flow equalizer 3), the flow equalizing holes 5 are communicated with the inner cavity of the variable cross-section flue outlet section 4 and the inner cavity of the variable cross-section flue amplifying section 2, and the flue gas can only pass through the flow equalizer 3 from the flow equalizing holes 5.
The diameters of the flow equalizing holes 5 in the flow equalizing device 3 are sequentially increased from the center position to the edge position of the flow equalizing device 3, so that the uniform flow of the flue gas passing through the flow equalizing holes 5 can be ensured.
When the invention is used, the design method of the structure of the current equalizer 3 is shown in figure 5, and comprises the following steps:
d1、d2、d3……dnthe diameters x of the flow equalizing holes 5 with different sizes are arranged along the line from the center position to the edge position of the flow equalizer 32、x3……xnThe distance from the center of the flow equalizing hole 5 with different sizes to the center of the flow equalizer 3.
When the flue flow equalizer device is used, the design method of the structure of the flow equalizer 3 is shown in figure 5, and comprises the following steps:
the parameters in the variable cross-section flue are manually set (no change is caused after selection).
1) Preliminarily determining geometric structure parameters of the variable cross-section flue, wherein the geometric structure parameters of the variable cross-section flue comprise geometric structure sizes of a variable cross-section flue inlet section 1, a variable cross-section flue amplifying section 2 and a variable cross-section flue outlet section 4;
2) and constructing a three-dimensional flue 1/4 simplified model according to the symmetry of the variable cross-section flue: the full size flue was constructed using ICEM software. The construction 1/4 of the simplified model can reduce the calculation amount of the computer to the maximum extent and accelerate the calculation speed on the premise of ensuring the precision of the simulation result.
3) Artificially giving the initial limiting requirement of the flow equalizer 3, including setting the pressure drop delta of the flue gas passing through the flow equalizer 3P0And the flow area S of the given current equalizer 3t(flow area S)tThe area of all the flow equalizing holes 5 of a given flow equalizer 3 after addition);
4) manually adjusting the structural parameters of the flow equalizing holes 5 of the actual flow equalizer 3, wherein the structural parameters of the flow equalizing holes 5 comprise the transverse spacing and the longitudinal spacing of a rectangular array formed by the flow equalizing holes 5 and the diameter of the flow equalizing holes 5;
the diameters of the flow equalizing holes 5 from the center position of a given flow equalizer 3 to the edge position along the transverse direction or the vertical direction are adjusted to d1、d2、d3……dn(the diameter of the flow equalizing hole 5 at the center of the flow equalizer 3 is given as d1) (ii) a The distance from the center position of a given flow equalizer 3 to the center of the flow equalizing hole 5 at the edge position along the transverse direction or the vertical direction is adjusted to be x2、x3……xn(the distance between the flow equalizing hole 5 at the center of the flow equalizer 3 and the adjacent flow equalizing hole 5 is x2);
5) Judging whether the flow area S of the actual current equalizer 3 (the flow area S is the area obtained by adding the equalizing holes 5 of all the actual current equalizers 3) meets the flow area S of the given current equalizer 3t:S≥St(ii) a If the requirement is not met, returning to the step 4), manually adjusting the structural parameters of the actual flow equalizing holes 3 again, thereby adjusting the number and the diameter of the flow equalizing holes 5 on the flow equalizer 3 and changing the flow area S of the actual flow equalizer 3; if the requirements are met, step 6) is executed.
6) Establishing a 1/4 flow equalizer 3 simplified model in a three-dimensional flue 1/4 simplified model by using ICEM software, and simulating a flue provided with an actual flow equalizer 3;
7) introducing a three-dimensional flue 1/4 simplified model and a 1/4 flow equalizer simplified model into commercial software fluent19.0, calculating a flue gas flow field under the condition of selected parameters in a manually-arranged variable cross-section flue, and judging whether the flue pressure drop delta P meets the pressure drop delta P when the flue gas passes through the flow equalizer 3 or not0:ΔP≤ΔP0(ii) a If the requirement is not met, returning to the step 4), and adjusting the structural parameters of the flow equalizing hole 3 again; if the requirement is met, executing the step 8);
8) judging whether the standard deviation sigma of the flue gas flow velocity of the section of the rear flue of the flow equalizer 3 meets the requirement: sigma/v is less than or equal to 0.05;
wherein:
v
ithe flow rate of the flue gas at the outlet of the ith flow equalizing hole 5 (the same ith
flow equalizing hole 5 from the center of the
flow equalizer 3 to the far side from the center in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction) in fig. 4 is shown, and n is the total number of the
flow equalizing holes 5 from the center to the edge of the
flow equalizer 3 on the same straight line.
If the requirement is not met, returning to the step 4), and adjusting the structural parameters of the flow equalizing hole 3; if the requirements are met, the calculation is finished, d1、d2、d3……dn;x2、x3……xnThe design parameters of the structure of the current equalizer are met.
The current equalizer obtained by the design method has the advantages of light weight, good current equalizing effect and long service life. Compared with the traditional metal flow equalizer, the service life of the fluoroplastic flow equalizer is 40 years on average and is 10 times longer than that of the metal flow equalizer; the mass of the fluoroplastic flow equalizer is light and is less than 1/20 of that of a metal flow equalizer; by adopting the structure of the flow equalizing hole 3, the standard deviation of the flue gas flow velocity after the flow equalizer is less than 5 percent.
The commercial computing software used in the invention is a fluent19.0 series, compared with low-version fluent software, the version has advantages in multiphase flow simulation and polyhedral mesh division functions, and can generate meshes with better quality and accelerate model computing speed; meanwhile, the smoke contains three phases of gas, liquid and solid, and the fluent19.0 has the advantage of multiphase flow simulation, so that the calculation accuracy of the method can be further improved. Imem is a professional CFD preprocessing software, comprises a geometric interface of mainstream design software such as CAD, SolidWorks, Pro/ENGINEER and the like, and can improve the quality of a structured grid and the preprocessing speed of a model by using a topological partitioning technology.
Finally, it is also noted that the above-mentioned lists merely illustrate a few specific embodiments of the invention. It is obvious that the invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but that many variations are possible. All modifications which can be derived or suggested by a person skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention are to be considered within the scope of the invention.