CN109224644A - Axial-flow type dust-extraction unit and method - Google Patents

Axial-flow type dust-extraction unit and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109224644A
CN109224644A CN201811146000.7A CN201811146000A CN109224644A CN 109224644 A CN109224644 A CN 109224644A CN 201811146000 A CN201811146000 A CN 201811146000A CN 109224644 A CN109224644 A CN 109224644A
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Prior art keywords
dust
bar
storage chamber
dust storage
extraction unit
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CN201811146000.7A
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CN109224644B (en
Inventor
毛衍钦
蒲文灏
韩东
李晗
杨宁
郭亚飞
王林浩
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D45/00Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/12Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/14Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces generated by rotating vanes, discs, drums or brushes

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of axial-flow type dust-extraction unit and methods, belong to gas solid separation field.Novel axial flow type dust-extraction unit adds ripple bend pipe, first vane piece, dust storage chamber and angle demodulator in input end;Outlet end is provided with exhaust pipe and dust storage chamber;Dust storage chamber ash discharging hole adds non-return valve.Dust-contained airflow occurs tentatively to play rotation after first vane piece, and in ripple pipe bent position since inertial separation goes out the bulky grains such as sandstone, stalk, into after cyclone separation, fine solid particle is separated under strong centrifugal action.Sandstone, stalk and the dust isolated flow through dust storage chamber, non-return valve, separator are flowed out, to realize silo dedusting.Invention increases the inertial separation abilities of pipe bent position, and the separation of air-flow and grain dust can be realized in the case where paying lesser energy loss, conventional separating apparatus problem poor for applicability is made up, improves the separative efficiency of silo dust.

Description

Axial-flow type dust-extraction unit and method
Technical field
The invention belongs to gas solid separation field, it is related to a kind of axial-flow type dust-extraction unit and method.
Background technique
In grain system, inside grain conveying equipment, inside grain warehouse body and the enclosure spaces such as basement, it is easy aggregation A large amount of dust.The aggregation of dust is easy to the generation to cause an explosion accident, and therefore, it is necessary to remove the dust assembled in silo in time The generation prevented accident.Stringent cleaning is not carried out before most of conveying grain into storehouse, all too many levels of processing fall off out sand, Chad and stalk etc., so, grain dust has the characteristics that multicomponent, particle size distribution range are wide, easily assemble.In short, Grain Powder The separation of dirt is an extremely difficult thing.
Existing dust separation method, which generallys use, to be separated by filtration and two methods of cyclonic separation.In general, being separated by filtration skill Art is difficult to efficiently separate the grain dust in gas to the more demanding of filtering material.To thin when filtering material hole is larger The treatment effect of micro dust is bad.When filtering material hole is smaller, flow resistance is larger, and strainer is easy blocking, needs periodically more Change filtering material.Cyclone separation method realizes separation by the centrifugal force of air-flow, is broadly divided into reverse-flow and two class of axial-flow type.It is inverse Flow-type separator has the advantages that separative efficiency is high.Patent CN201310403556.0 discloses a kind of for coal-fired plant boiler The pulverized-coal collector of bin system, but that there are flow resistances is big, energy consumption is high, volume is big, takes up a large area for similar device The shortcomings that.The advantage that turbo separator has flow resistance small, small in size.Patent CN201210539888.7 discloses one kind Blade-carrying dust-extraction unit, but all in the presence of being difficult to, induced draft is fully rotatable similar device, the process range of partial size is narrow, separation The shortcomings that low efficiency.The above problem, which is all limited, brings difficulty to grain dust separation.
Therefore, for the work characteristics of grain system, reasonable gas-solid separating device is designed, for solving grain dust Rendezvous problem reduces dust explosion hidden danger, and grain system safe operation is maintained to be of great significance.
Summary of the invention
The invention solves technology be to provide the axis that a kind of flow resistance is small, separative efficiency is high, partial size process range is wide The application method of streaming cyclone separator and the separator.The present invention provides a kind of novel cyclone separation methods, existing to overcome The problem of with the presence of separator.Separative efficiency can be effectively improved in the case where not increasing occupied area using the present invention, subtract Small separator pressure loss, reduces the energy consumption and use cost of separator.
A kind of axial-flow type dust-extraction unit, it is characterised in that: including ripple bend pipe, straight tube, exhaust pipe;Wherein ripple bend pipe First end installs primary blades, and the second end of ripple bend pipe is connected with the first end of straight tube, and deflection cone, water conservancy diversion are installed among straight tube Cone is equipped with whirlwind blades;The exhaust pipe protrudes into straight tube from the second end of straight tube;(second end end is outside exhaust pipe for straight tube The part of side seals;Above-mentioned ripple bend pipe bent intermediate protruding parts install the first dust storage chamber, the first dust storage chamber and bellows phase Connection, the first gas collection indoor location separation baffles;The outlet of first dust storage chamber is also equipped with non-return valve;The outer wall of above-mentioned exhaust pipe (space surrounded between inner wall is the second dust storage chamber, and the outlet of the second dust storage chamber is also equipped with non-return valve with straight tube.
The dust removal method of the axial-flow type dust-extraction unit, it is characterised in that including following procedure: dust-contained airflow passes through this Gas solid separation process twice occurs when dust-extraction unit.Primary blades induced draft rise rotation, the bulky grains such as chad, stalk due to by Centrifugal force it is larger, be gradually thrown to from wall surface from air-flow, dust-contained airflow moves to ripple pipe bent position, and the bulky grains such as chad are by The separation baffles capture of one dust storage chamber installation, due to the effect of gravity, striking the particle in separation baffles, to be deposited to dust discharge logical Road flows through the first dust storage chamber, is discharged from non-return valve, and fine particle is since followability preferably fails to be sufficiently separated at this time, and the First separation process terminates.Air-flow containing fine dusts flows subsequently through straight tube, and whirlwind blades and deflection cone make air-flow Accelerate and generate biggish tangential velocity effect, the intensity of centrifugal force field greatly increases, and the tiny grains of sand and grain are got rid of To outer wall, the second dust storage chamber surrounded between the outer wall of exhaust pipe and the inner wall of straight tube is discharged to dust collection, and from non-return valve, Clean gas is discharged from exhaust pipe, and second of separation process terminates.First time separation process separates the bulky grains such as stone sand Out, second of separation process makes fine particle be separated, and dust removal process complementation twice combines, to the sky of grain system Gas is sufficiently filtered, and then obtains clean, clean air.
The separative efficiency of conventional separating apparatus is limited by grain diameter, is imitated for single particle size with stronger separation Rate, separative efficiency reduces when particle for separating other partial sizes;And often occurs channelling back-mixing in use process.The present invention By addition ripple bend pipe and primary blades, different-grain diameter is taken full advantage of with the difference of particle air-flow follow-up capability, is increased Separator reduces the design requirement of whirlwind blades, the ripple bend pipe of front to the separating capacity of gravel, stalk and bulky grain It is used to handle large-size particles with primary blades, guarantees that whirlwind blades there can be higher separative efficiency to the particle of small particle ?.The present invention installs non-return valve additional in the ash discharging hole of the first dust storage chamber and the second dust storage chamber, guarantees the one-way flow of air-flow, prevents The air-flow occurred when work is flow backwards, and channelling back-mixing occurs after preventing particle from flowing out separator and again returns in separator.This Device improves separator to the trapping ability of particle, enhances air-flow to the separation energy of the large dust particles such as stalk, sandstone The shortcomings that power reduces the design difficulty of whirlwind blades, compensates for the narrow application range of conventional separating apparatus.
The axial-flow type dust-extraction unit, it is characterised in that: above-mentioned ripple bend pipe is also equipped with camber adjusters.
Above-mentioned camber adjusters are made of the first bar, the second bar, third bar, and a column card slot is provided on above-mentioned first bar, A sliding slot is provided on second bar;The first end of first bar is connected with the first end of ripple bend pipe, the second end of the first bar and The first end of second bar is hinged, and the second end of the second bar is connected with the first dust storage chamber;In the first end of third bar and the first bar Card slot cooperation, the second end of third bar matched with the sliding slot of the second bar by adjusting slider.
The present apparatus and the axial-flow type particle separator that silo dedusting can be can be applied to, in addition to for filtering grain-production In dust, it may also be used for bulky grain and tiny in dusty gas is realized in the dedusting in building materials, chemical industry, boiler, metallurgy, mine etc. The common separation of particle.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the principle of the present invention figure;
Fig. 2 is outline drawing of the invention;
Fig. 3 is other views of the invention, and figure a) shows that inner cyclone, figure b) are top view, and figure c) is main view, figure It d) is bottom view;
Fig. 4 is ripple bend pipe and angle demodulator installation diagram of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the non-return valve that the present invention uses;
Fig. 6 is the angle demodulator that the present invention uses.
Figure label title: 1. whirlwind blades, 2. deflection cones, 3. ripple bend pipes, 4. first dust storage chambers, 5. separate gear Plate, 6. primary blades, 7. second dust storage chambers, 8. exhaust pipes, 9. non-return valves, 10. angle demodulators, wherein the first bar of 10-1., The second bar of 10-2., 10-3. third bar, 10-4 adjusting slider, 10-5 fastening bolt, 11. straight tubes.
Specific implementation method
In order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand technical solution of the present invention, 1-6 is to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawing It is described in further detail.
The invention mainly comprises ripple bend pipe 3, primary blades 6, dust storage chamber 4, non-return valve 9 and angle demodulator 10, angles Degree adjusts angle 10 for changing the bending angle of ripple bend pipe 3, adjusts the intensity of inertial separation, setting in the first dust storage chamber 4 Capture the separation baffles 5 of the chad, stalk separated.Air-flow is after bend pipe isolates bulky grain, into centrifugal separating area, Strong centrifugal force is generated at whirlwind blades 1 and deflection cone 2, so that fine solid particle is separated, the subtle powder separated Dirt is discharged at the second dust storage chamber (7), final to realize grain system dust removing effects.The above is only implementation model of the invention Example, it is noted that those of ordinary skill in the art, made on the basis of not departing from the technology of the present invention principle Improvement and deformation still falls within protection scope of the present invention.
As shown, separator import ripple bend pipe is made of corrugated stainless steel tubing or leather hose, in order to change The angle of entrance region and cyclone separation adjusts the inertial separation intensity of pipe bent position.The second end and the second bar of third bar 10-3 The sliding slot tie point of 10-2 is connected by screw bolts, in the card slot middle position of the first bar 10-1 and the centre of the second bar 10-2 sliding slot Position indicates center groove, and the fastening bolt of hinge joint is tightened when adjusting angle, guarantees that the hinge joint is fixed, unscrews adjusting Fastening bolt in sliding block 10-4 sliding slot, when the second bar 10-2 and third bar 10-3 hinge joint are located in the second bar 10-2 sliding slot When heart position, curved angle mobile adjusting slider 10-4: adjusting slider 10-4 and the first bar 10-1 are needed according to ripple bend pipe The center groove of card slot is aligned, then the angle of the first bar 10-1 and the second bar 10-2 are right angle;Adjusting slider 10-4 is from the first bar When the central location of 10-1 card slot is moved toward the first bar 10-1 and the second bar 10-2 hinged joint, the first bar 10-1 and the second bar 10-2 Angle be obtuse angle;When left end of the adjusting slider 10-4 from the central location of the first bar 10-1 card slot toward 10-1 is mobile, the first bar The angle of 10-1 and the second bar 10-2 are acute angle.It in actual use, can also be by the center of adjusting slider 10-4 and the first bar 10-1 Groove alignment, the fastening bolt of mobile second bar 10-2 and third bar 10-3: when fastening bolt is located at the center of the second bar 10-2 When at scribe line position, the angle of the first bar 10-1 and the second bar 10-2 are right angle;Fastening bolt is from center groove toward the first bar 10- For 1 prescription to when sliding, the angle of the first bar 10-1 and the second bar 10-2 are obtuse angle, and fastening bolt is from center groove toward sliding slot outside When mobile, the angle of the first bar 10-1 and the second bar 10-2 are acute angle.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of axial-flow type dust-extraction unit, it is characterised in that:
Including ripple bend pipe (3), straight tube (11), exhaust pipe (8);
Wherein the first end of ripple bend pipe (3) installs primary blades (6), and the of the second end of ripple bend pipe (3) and straight tube (11) One end is connected, and installs deflection cone (2) among straight tube, and deflection cone (2) is equipped with whirlwind blades (1);The exhaust pipe (8) is from straight The second end of pipe (11) protrudes into straight tube (11);Part sealing of straight tube (11) the second end end on the outside of exhaust pipe (8);
Above-mentioned ripple bend pipe (3) bent intermediate protruding parts install the first dust storage chamber (4), the first dust storage chamber (4) and bellows (3) It is connected, the first gas collection indoor location separation baffles (5);The outlet of first dust storage chamber (4) is also equipped with non-return valve;
The space surrounded between the outer wall of above-mentioned exhaust pipe (8) and the inner wall of straight tube (11) is the second dust storage chamber (7), the second dust The outlet of room (7) is also equipped with non-return valve.
2. axial-flow type dust-extraction unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: above-mentioned ripple bend pipe (3) is also equipped with curved It spends adjuster (10).
3. axial-flow type dust-extraction unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Above-mentioned camber adjusters (10) are made of the first bar (10-1), the second bar (10-2), third bar (10-3), above-mentioned first bar It is provided with a column card slot on (10-1), a sliding slot is provided on the second bar (10-2);
The first end of first bar is connected with the first end of ripple bend pipe (3), the second end of the first bar (10-1) and the second bar (10- 2) first end is hinged, and the second end of the second bar (10-2) is connected with the first dust storage chamber (4);
The first end of third bar (10-3) and the card slot on the first bar (10-1) cooperate, the second end and second of third bar (10-3) The sliding slot of bar (10-2) overregulates sliding block (10-4) and matches.
4. the dust removal method of axial-flow type dust-extraction unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that including following procedure:
When passing through this dust-extraction unit gas solid separation process twice occurs for dust-contained airflow;Primary blades (6) induced draft plays rotation, stone The bulky grains such as gravel, stalk are gradually thrown to from wall surface from air-flow, dust-contained airflow moves to ripple since the centrifugal force being subject to is larger At bend pipe (3), the separation baffles (5) that the bulky grains such as chad are installed by the first dust storage chamber (4) are captured, and flow through the first dust storage chamber (4), It is discharged from non-return valve (9), fine particle is since followability preferably fails to be sufficiently separated at this time, first time separation process knot Beam;Air-flow containing fine dusts flows subsequently through straight tube (11), and whirlwind blades (1) and deflection cone (2) accelerate air-flow And biggish tangential velocity effect is generated, the intensity of centrifugal force field greatly increases, and the tiny grains of sand and grain are thrown to outside Wall, the second dust storage chamber (7) surrounded between the outer wall of exhaust pipe (8) and the inner wall of straight tube (11) is to dust collection, and from check Valve (9) discharge, clean gas are discharged from exhaust pipe (8), and second of separation process terminates;First time separation process makes stone sand etc. Bulky grain is separated, and second of separation process makes fine particle be separated, and dust removal process complementation twice combines, right The air of grain system is sufficiently filtered, and then obtains clean, clean air.
CN201811146000.7A 2018-09-29 2018-09-29 Axial flow type dust removing device and method Active CN109224644B (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111213481A (en) * 2020-01-16 2020-06-02 上海工程技术大学 Wind power structure type dust removal system of wheat combine harvester
CN112682175A (en) * 2020-12-22 2021-04-20 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0三研究所 Air inlet filtering system and filtering method for irreversible dust-removing gas turbine

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CN103055664A (en) * 2013-01-22 2013-04-24 中国船舶重工集团公司第七�三研究所 Marine square box type elbow dehydrating device
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CN203123700U (en) * 2013-01-25 2013-08-14 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 Mist separator with wing type water baffle
CN203400626U (en) * 2013-07-31 2014-01-22 北京博朗环境工程技术股份有限公司 Circulating fluidized bed reactor with low-resistance single-tube internal circulation, and function of simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification for smoke
CN104741253A (en) * 2015-04-14 2015-07-01 北京康孚科技股份有限公司 Direct current guide vane type cyclone dust collector
CN105007793A (en) * 2013-03-13 2015-10-28 松下知识产权经营株式会社 Dust-catching device and air cleaning device using same
CN209188320U (en) * 2018-09-29 2019-08-02 南京航空航天大学 Axial-flow type dust-extraction unit

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CN103055664A (en) * 2013-01-22 2013-04-24 中国船舶重工集团公司第七�三研究所 Marine square box type elbow dehydrating device
CN203123700U (en) * 2013-01-25 2013-08-14 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 Mist separator with wing type water baffle
CN105007793A (en) * 2013-03-13 2015-10-28 松下知识产权经营株式会社 Dust-catching device and air cleaning device using same
CN203400626U (en) * 2013-07-31 2014-01-22 北京博朗环境工程技术股份有限公司 Circulating fluidized bed reactor with low-resistance single-tube internal circulation, and function of simultaneous desulfurization and denitrification for smoke
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111213481A (en) * 2020-01-16 2020-06-02 上海工程技术大学 Wind power structure type dust removal system of wheat combine harvester
CN112682175A (en) * 2020-12-22 2021-04-20 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0三研究所 Air inlet filtering system and filtering method for irreversible dust-removing gas turbine

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