CN109223836B - Cordyceps globisporus extract and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cordyceps globisporus extract and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109223836B CN109223836B CN201811203102.8A CN201811203102A CN109223836B CN 109223836 B CN109223836 B CN 109223836B CN 201811203102 A CN201811203102 A CN 201811203102A CN 109223836 B CN109223836 B CN 109223836B
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- extract
- cordyceps
- cordyceps militaris
- globisporus
- ethyl acetate
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
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- 241001264174 Cordyceps militaris Species 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000001007 puffing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/06—Fungi, e.g. yeasts
- A61K36/062—Ascomycota
- A61K36/066—Clavicipitaceae
- A61K36/068—Cordyceps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/04—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for ulcers, gastritis or reflux esophagitis, e.g. antacids, inhibitors of acid secretion, mucosal protectants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
- A61K2236/333—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using mixed solvents, e.g. 70% EtOH
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/39—Complex extraction schemes, e.g. fractionation or repeated extraction steps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/50—Methods involving additional extraction steps
- A61K2236/51—Concentration or drying of the extract, e.g. Lyophilisation, freeze-drying or spray-drying
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a cordyceps militaris extract and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) drying the raw material of the cordyceps militaris until the water content is 15-20%, and then carrying out vacuum low-temperature puffing treatment; (2) adding an ethanol solution into the cordyceps militaris raw material subjected to vacuum low-temperature puffing treatment, heating and extracting, and concentrating and drying the extracted liquid to obtain an ethanol total extract; dispersing the ethanol total extract in water, sequentially extracting with petroleum ether and ethyl acetate, volatilizing the solvent from each extractive solution to obtain petroleum ether extract and ethyl acetate extract, and mixing the petroleum ether extract and the ethyl acetate extract to obtain the Cordyceps militaris extract. The extract of the cordyceps militaris prepared by the invention can be used as a proton pump inhibitor and used for preparing medicines for treating gastric ulcer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of extraction of effective components, and particularly relates to a cordyceps militaris extract and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The Cordyceps globisporus (Cordyceps basisana) was discovered in Anhui by the entomogenous fungi research center of agricultural university of Anhui in 2000, and is reported for the first time in the world. The anamorph of the coccidiodes globisporus is the most widely and important entomogenous fungus in the world, namely beauveria globisporus. The wild Cordyceps globisporus is obtained by infecting beauveria bassiana with a host, and belongs to the generational generation of the beauveria bassiana.
The active ingredients of the cordyceps sinensis serving as a medicinal fungus are always concerned about by people, the research on the active ingredients of the cordyceps sinensis is mainly focused on the cordyceps sinensis and cordyceps militaris at present, and few reports are reported about the research on the active ingredients of the sporotrichum cordyceps sinensis.
Gastric ulcer is a common disease of the digestive system and is easy to recur. With the accelerated pace of modern life, mental stress and working pressure increase, the incidence of gastric ulcer tends to rise, endangering the physical and mental health of people. At present, most of anti-ulcer western medicines clinically applied are mainly ranitidine, omeprazole and other medicines, and although the western medicines have obvious recent curative effect, adverse reactions and toxic and side effects appear after the medicines are taken. Therefore, the development of novel anti-ulcer drugs with high efficiency and low toxicity is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the prior art, the invention aims to provide a cordyceps militaris extract and a preparation method thereof. The extract of the cordyceps militaris prepared by the invention can be used as a proton pump inhibitor and used for preparing medicines for treating gastric ulcer.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the first aspect of the invention provides a preparation method of a cordyceps militaris extract, which comprises the following steps:
(1) drying the raw material of the cordyceps militaris until the water content is 15-20%, and then carrying out vacuum low-temperature puffing treatment;
(2) adding an ethanol solution into the cordyceps militaris raw material subjected to vacuum low-temperature puffing treatment, heating and extracting, and concentrating and drying the extracted liquid to obtain an ethanol total extract; dispersing the ethanol total extract in water, sequentially extracting with petroleum ether and ethyl acetate, volatilizing the solvent from each extractive solution to obtain petroleum ether extract and ethyl acetate extract, and mixing the petroleum ether extract and the ethyl acetate extract to obtain the Cordyceps militaris extract.
Preferably, in the step (1), the raw material of the cordyceps militaris comprises: cordyceps globisporus, Cordyceps globisporus fruiting body or Cordyceps globisporus mycelium.
Preferably, in the step (1), the vacuum low-temperature puffing treatment conditions are as follows: the puffing temperature is 40-50 ℃; the times of vacuum pumping and discharging are 8-10 times, and the expansion time is 1-2 hours. Vacuum low temperature bulking is to place the sample in the overhead tank, through heating and pressurization, makes sample internal pressure and external pressure balanced, then reduces the pressure suddenly and puts the vacuum, makes inside moisture of material vaporize suddenly, the flash distillation makes sample cell bulking, can make the inside cell tissue clearance of sample become the increase through the evacuation of relapse, puts vacuum treatment, and the permeability becomes good, changes in and draws the solvent and contact to the extraction rate of active ingredient has been improved. And the processing temperature of the vacuum low-temperature puffing is low, the time is short, and the effective substances in the raw materials are basically not damaged.
The research of the invention finds that the cordyceps militaris with low water content lacks flexibility and is fragile in a pressurizing process in the vacuum low-temperature puffing treatment process; and the puffing effect of the cordyceps sphaerica is influenced when the water content is too high. Multiple tests show that the swelling effect is ideal when the water content of the raw material of the cordyceps globisporus is 15-20%.
Preferably, in the step (2), the volume concentration of the ethanol solution is 70-80%.
Preferably, in step (2), the temperature is controlled at 60-70 deg.C during heating extraction, and the extraction is performed for 2-4 times, each time for 1-2 h.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cordyceps militaris extract prepared by the above method.
In a third aspect of the invention, the application of the cordyceps militaris extract as a proton pump inhibitor is provided.
In the fourth aspect of the invention, the application of the cordyceps militaris extract in preparing a medicament for treating gastric ulcer is provided.
In the fourth aspect of the invention, the invention provides a medicament for treating gastric ulcer, which is prepared from the cordyceps globisporus extract and pharmaceutically acceptable auxiliary materials.
The pharmaceutically acceptable excipients can be widely used in various excipients known in the art, including diluents, binders, wetting agents, disintegrants, lubricants, glidants. The diluent can be starch, dextrin, sucrose, glucose, lactose, mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol, microcrystalline cellulose, calcium sulfate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, calcium carbonate, etc.; the humectant can be water, ethanol, isopropanol, etc.; the binder can be starch slurry, dextrin, syrup, Mel, glucose solution, microcrystalline cellulose, acacia slurry, gelatin slurry, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, ethyl cellulose, acrylic resin, carbomer, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene dipropyl alcohol, etc.; the disintegrant may be dry starch, microcrystalline cellulose, low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose, crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone, crosslinked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl starch, sodium bicarbonate, citric acid, calcium carbonate, polyoxyethylene sorbitol fatty acid ester, and sodium dodecyl sulfate; the lubricant and glidant may be talc, silicon dioxide, stearate, tartaric acid, liquid paraffin, polyethylene glycol, and the like.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention unexpectedly discovers that the extract of the raw material of the cordyceps militaris extracted by a special method can be used as a proton pump inhibitor, is used for preparing the medicine for treating gastric ulcer and has wide application prospect. Meanwhile, the preparation method of the cordyceps militaris extract is simple and is suitable for industrial production.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
In order to make the technical solutions of the present application more clearly understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
The test materials used in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention, which were not specifically described, were conventional in the art and commercially available.
The sporophore material of the sporophore used in the embodiment of the invention and the comparative example is the sporophore of the sporophore, which is harvested in the same production place and at the same time, and the content of the active ingredients of the sporophore does not have obvious difference.
Example 1:
(1) the sporocarp of the sporocarp is used as a raw material, the raw material is dried until the water content is 18 percent, and then the vacuum low-temperature puffing treatment is carried out, wherein the conditions of the vacuum low-temperature puffing treatment are as follows: the puffing temperature is 45 ℃; the times of vacuum pumping and discharging are 8 times, and the expansion time is 1.5 hours.
(2) Adding 75% ethanol solution into the Cordyceps militaris subjected to vacuum low-temperature puffing, extracting at 65 deg.C for 1.5 hr for 3 times, wherein the amount of ethanol solution added in each extraction is 6 times of the weight of the Cordyceps militaris subjected to vacuum low-temperature puffing, and concentrating and drying the extracted liquid to obtain total ethanol extract; dispersing the ethanol total extract in a small amount of water, sequentially extracting with petroleum ether and ethyl acetate (the amount of the petroleum ether and the ethyl acetate is 4 times of the weight of the ethanol total extract), volatilizing the solvent from each extract to respectively obtain a petroleum ether part extract and an ethyl acetate part extract, and mixing the petroleum ether part extract and the ethyl acetate part extract to obtain the cordyceps globisporus extract.
Example 2:
(1) the sporocarp of the sporocarp is used as a raw material, the raw material is dried until the water content is 15%, and then vacuum low-temperature puffing treatment is carried out, wherein the conditions of the vacuum low-temperature puffing treatment are as follows: the puffing temperature is 40 ℃; the times of vacuum pumping and discharging are 10 times, and the expansion time is 2 hours.
(2) Adding 70% ethanol solution into the Cordyceps militaris subjected to vacuum low-temperature puffing, extracting at 60 deg.C for 2h for 4 times, wherein the amount of ethanol solution added in each extraction is 6 times of the weight of the Cordyceps militaris subjected to vacuum low-temperature puffing, and concentrating and drying the extracted liquid to obtain total ethanol extract; dispersing the ethanol total extract in a small amount of water, sequentially extracting with petroleum ether and ethyl acetate (the amount of the petroleum ether and the ethyl acetate is 4 times of the weight of the ethanol total extract), volatilizing the solvent from each extract to respectively obtain a petroleum ether part extract and an ethyl acetate part extract, and mixing the petroleum ether part extract and the ethyl acetate part extract to obtain the cordyceps globisporus extract.
Example 3:
(1) the sporocarp of the cordyceps militaris is used as a raw material, the raw material is dried until the water content is 20%, and then vacuum low-temperature puffing treatment is carried out, wherein the conditions of the vacuum low-temperature puffing treatment are as follows: the puffing temperature is 50 ℃; the times of vacuum pumping and discharging are 8 times, and the expansion time is 1 hour.
(2) Adding an ethanol solution with the volume concentration of 80% into the cordyceps militaris raw material subjected to vacuum low-temperature puffing treatment, extracting for 2 times at 70 ℃, extracting for 1 hour each time, wherein the adding amount of the ethanol solution extracted each time is 6 times of the weight of the cordyceps militaris raw material subjected to vacuum low-temperature puffing treatment, and concentrating and drying the extracted liquid to obtain an ethanol total extract; dispersing the ethanol total extract in a small amount of water, sequentially extracting with petroleum ether and ethyl acetate (the amount of the petroleum ether and the ethyl acetate is 4 times of the weight of the ethanol total extract), volatilizing the solvent from each extract to respectively obtain a petroleum ether part extract and an ethyl acetate part extract, and mixing the petroleum ether part extract and the ethyl acetate part extract to obtain the cordyceps globisporus extract.
Comparative example 1:
taking sporocarp of the cordyceps militaris as a raw material, adding 8 times of ethanol solution with volume concentration of 75% by weight for ultrasonic extraction, wherein the ultrasonic extraction conditions are as follows: the temperature is 65 ℃, the time is 60min, the power is 100W, and the extract is concentrated, dried and crushed to obtain the cordyceps globularis extract A.
Comparative example 2:
taking sporophore of Cordyceps sporophore as raw material, adding 8 times weight of 75% ethanol solution, reflux extracting for 3 times (2, 1, 0.5 hours respectively for 3 times), concentrating and drying the extract to obtain extract, dissolving the extract in a small amount of water, extracting with 4 times weight of petroleum ether, and volatilizing solvent from the extract to obtain Cordyceps sporophore extract B.
Comparative example 3:
taking sporophore of Cordyceps sporophore as raw material, adding 8 times weight of 75% ethanol solution, reflux extracting for 3 times (2, 1, 0.5 hours respectively for 3 times), concentrating and drying the extract to obtain extract, dissolving the extract in a small amount of water, extracting with 4 times weight of ethyl acetate, and volatilizing solvent from the extract to obtain Cordyceps sporophore extract C.
Test example 1: different Cordyceps globisporus extracts for stomach H+/K+Influence of ATPase Activity
1. The test method comprises the following steps:
H+/K+-ATPase activity assay: diluting the purified pig gastric mucosa vesicle with buffer solution, and adding into the diluted pig gastric mucosa vesicleThe Cordyceps globisporus extracts prepared in example 1 and comparative examples 1-3 were added in an amount of 5mg/L, incubated in 37 deg.C water bath for 20min after dosing, incubated for 30min after adding 20mg/kg ATP, stopped by adding 10% TCA, and centrifuged at 6000rpm for 10 min. Taking quantitative supernatant, and determining H by using phosphorus determination kit at 660nm+/K+-the content of inorganic phosphorus released by the enzymatic hydrolysis of ATP. And (4) calculating the enzyme activity.
2. And (3) test results:
the test results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1: different Cordyceps globisporus extracts for pig stomach H+/K+Influence of ATPase Activity
The results show that the prepared cordyceps militaris extract can treat pig stomach H+/K+The ATP enzyme activity has stronger inhibition effect.
Test example 2: protection effect of different cordyceps sphaerica extracts on gastric ulcer of rat caused by pylorus ligation
1. The test method comprises the following steps:
male rats fasted for 48 hours were randomly divided into 5 groups. Ether anesthesia pylorus downward ligation, wherein the Cordyceps militaris extract prepared in example 1 and comparative examples 1-3 is administered to duodenum at 250 mg/kg; the control rats were given physiological saline. Animals were sacrificed 20 hours after surgery, the stomach was removed, and the number of anterior gastric ulcers was counted. Results the significance of differences was tested using One-way ANOVA.
2. And (3) test results:
the test results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2: protection effect of different cordyceps sphaerica extracts on gastric ulcer of rat caused by pylorus ligation
Group of | Ulcer reduction ratio (%) |
Example 1 | 89 |
Comparative example 1 | 21 |
Comparative example 2 | 37 |
Comparative example 3 | 42 |
The result shows that the cordyceps militaris extract prepared by the method has good protection effect on the pylorus ligation ulcer model.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (4)
1. The extraction method of the cordyceps militaris extract for preparing the proton pump inhibitor medicine is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) drying the raw material of the cordyceps militaris until the water content is 15-20%, and then carrying out vacuum low-temperature puffing treatment under the following conditions: the puffing temperature is 40-50 ℃; the times of vacuum pumping and discharging are 8-10 times, and the expansion time is 1-2 hours;
(2) adding 70-80 vol% ethanol solution into the vacuum low-temperature puffed Cordyceps raw material, heating and extracting at 60-70 deg.C for 1-2 hr for 2-4 times, concentrating the extracted liquid, and drying to obtain total ethanol extract; dispersing the ethanol total extract in water, sequentially extracting with petroleum ether and ethyl acetate, volatilizing the solvent from each extractive solution to obtain petroleum ether extract and ethyl acetate extract, and mixing the petroleum ether extract and the ethyl acetate extract to obtain the Cordyceps militaris extract.
2. The extract of Cordyceps globisporus used for preparing proton pump inhibitor drug according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the Cordyceps globisporus raw material is Cordyceps globisporus or Cordyceps globisporus fruiting body.
3. The extract of cordyceps sphaerica for use in the preparation of a proton pump inhibitor drug according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the proton pump inhibitor drug comprises a drug for the treatment of gastric ulcer.
4. A proton pump inhibitor drug for treating gastric ulcer, which is characterized by being prepared from the cordyceps militaris extract as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3 and pharmaceutically acceptable auxiliary materials.
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宛玉祥等.雪峰虫草乙酸乙酯及石油醚部位的GC-MS分析.《湖南中医药大学学报》.2017,第37卷(第11期),第1209-1213页. * |
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