CN109222952A - A kind of laser speckle perfusion weighted imaging method - Google Patents
A kind of laser speckle perfusion weighted imaging method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000010412 perfusion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000008081 blood perfusion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 210000003743 erythrocyte Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- MCSXGCZMEPXKIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-4-[(4-methyl-2-nitrophenyl)diazenyl]-N-(3-nitrophenyl)naphthalene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound Cc1ccc(N=Nc2c(O)c(cc3ccccc23)C(=O)Nc2cccc(c2)[N+]([O-])=O)c(c1)[N+]([O-])=O MCSXGCZMEPXKIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005311 autocorrelation function Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000004089 microcirculation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001145 finger joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000021384 green leafy vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013139 quantization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
- A61B5/026—Measuring blood flow
- A61B5/0261—Measuring blood flow using optical means, e.g. infrared light
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of laser speckle perfusion weighted imaging methods, comprising the following steps: 1) obtain each pixel of original laser image contrasts Value Data；2) it is pre-processed and is converted to blood perfusion amount to contrasting Value Data；3) with the different corresponding blood perfusion amounts of color mark different pixels point.Compared with prior art, the present invention fast, the prominent erythrocyte of calculating speeds such as has the advantages that largely to move faster region, practicability and generalization high for poly- sum aggregate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to laser speckle images to handle analysis field, more particularly, to a kind of laser speckle perfusion weighted imaging
Method.
Background technique
Laser speckle blood current imaging technology is a kind of safety, and non-contact blood flow detection technology is widely used in body surface
Microcirculation monitoring, sport injury prevention, the fields such as blood vessel state evaluation.The processing analysis of laser speckle image is main free at present
Between contrast analysis (Laser Speckle Spatial Contrast Analysis, LSSCA) and time contrasts analysis (Laser
Speckle Temporal Contrast Analysis, LSTCA), such as: " a kind of laser speckle blood current imaging and analyzing method "
(Chinese invention patent CN101485565), " a kind of laser speckle blood stream imaging processing system and method " (Chinese invention patent
CN102357033), " a kind of laser speckle blood flow imaging contrast analytical method " (Chinese invention patent CN102429650) etc., all
It is to be contrasted by calculating come in the sequence time-varying speckle image of the still image or consecutive variations that reflect single frames, each region
The relative value of blood flow velocity.But since the variation of the blood perfusion amount of skin surface is smaller, caused speckle contrasts value variation
Amount is also smaller, causes to reflect that the effective information of blood flow variation is smaller in traditional laser speckle blood-stream image, mass data range
It is occupied by static background.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide a kind of laser speckle blood flows
Perfusion Imaging method.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of laser speckle perfusion weighted imaging method, comprising the following steps:
1) obtain each pixel of original laser image contrasts Value Data；
2) it is pre-processed and is converted to blood perfusion amount to contrasting Value Data；
3) with the different corresponding blood perfusion amounts of color mark different pixels point.
The step 1) specifically includes the following steps:
11) using laser speckle blood current imaging device acquisition original laser figure f (x, y), picture size m*n；
12) analytic approach is contrasted using space and calculates that f (x, y) is corresponding contrasts value matrix C (x, y), contrast value matrix C (x,
Y) size be (m-w+1) * (n-w+1), wherein w for used sliding window window size.
In the step 12), analytic approach is contrasted in space specifically:
Using the sliding window of a w*w, the ratio between the standard deviation and mean value of all pixels gray value in sliding window are obtained, is obtained
The speckle contrast of central point in the forms, and by speckle contrast assignment in the corresponding pixel of the central point, when sliding window is sliding
It when crossing entire image, amounts to and carries out (m-w+1) * (n-w+1) secondary calculating, and value composition is contrasted at obtained all centers and contrasts value
Matrix C (x, y).
In the step 2), the change type of ratio C and blood perfusion amount K is served as a contrast are as follows:
Wherein, T is the time for exposure of CCD camera, τcFor the time constant of electric field auto-correlation function, β is optical system phase
The dry factor (fixed value that optical system determines).
In the step 2), the dynamic range for serving as a contrast ratio C is [0.05-0.86], and measuring accuracy is 4 after decimal point,
The dynamic range of blood perfusion amount K is [0-500], and measuring accuracy is to retain integer part.
The step 3) specifically includes the following steps:
31) it constructs the lining ratio C of three decimals of a reservation and retains the retrieval table of integer blood perfusion amount K, and use
The method of linear interpolation, which to contrast each of value matrix, contrasts value, and corresponding blood perfusion is indexed in retrieval table
Magnitude；
32) according to retrieval table will contrast it is all in value matrix C (x, y) contrast the corresponding blood perfusion value of value, be recorded in big
In the small matrix P (x, y) for (m-w+1) * (n-w+1), and matrix P (x, y) is subjected to round processing, obtains size
For the matrix P ' (x, y) of (m-w+1) * (n-w+1)；
33) according to blood perfusion amount K maximum in matrix P ' (x, y)max, the range for defining shown color-bar CB is
[0, CBmax], wherein CBmax=[Kmax/ 3], [] is round operation, and the three primary colors of color-bar CB are RGB,
Blood perfusion amount is mapped as to different color ranks, and divides display level according to brightness to each color rank；
34) matrix P ' (x, y) is transformed into the color matrix with brightness degree according to step 33), completed using pseudo- color
The mode of chromatic graph states blood perfusion amount, and the more deep more partially red region of color illustrates that blood perfusion amount is bigger, corresponding erythrocyte
Assemble more, movement velocity is faster.
In the step 33), blood perfusion amount is mapped as different color ranks by following equation:
Show blood perfusion amount
In the step 33), divide display level according to brightness to each color rank, specifically:
As blood perfusion amount K0When positioned at the color rank of green, green point is CB altogethermax/ 4 grades, it is corresponding bright
Spend grade ngExpression formula are as follows:
As blood perfusion amount K0When positioned at red color rank, red point is CB altogethermax/ 2 grades, it is corresponding bright
Spend the expression formula of grade n are as follows:
As blood perfusion amount K0When > CBmax, then most deep red is collectively expressed as.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages that
Laser speckle perfusion weighted imaging method proposed by the present invention contrasts value analysis method based on traditional Space Speckle,
By the way of the quantization blood perfusion of color grading brightness classification, erythrocyte is big in the test serum that can give prominence to the key points
Amount aggregation, moves faster region, and the problem of computational accuracy deficiency, is calculated using Fast Interpolation when compensating for tradition lining ratio Analysis
Method skill improves calculating speed, and the blood perfusion amount of different zones is indicated with different color ranks, and human eye is utilized
Visual characteristic be exaggerated the slight change between different quantized values, have practicability and generalization.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is inventive algorithm schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is actual imaging effect figure.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment
The example that the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, the concrete mode for the Larger Dynamic range perfusion weighted imaging that the present invention describes are as follows:
Step 1: shooting original laser speckle image using matched laser speckle blood current imaging instrument, shooting position is
Human body the back of the hand under stationary state.The resolution ratio of the image is.It is every with matrix f (x, y) the storage image of (1040*1392) size
The gray value of one location of pixels.
Step 2: the ratio between the standard deviation and mean value of all pixels gray value in window are calculated using the sliding window of a 5*5,
Obtain the speckle contrast C of central point in the forms, and by C assignment in the corresponding pixel of the central point, when sliding window slip over it is whole
When width image f (x, y), (1036*1388) secondary similar calculating is carried out altogether, and obtained all centers contrast value and constitute (1036*
1388) value matrix C (x, y) is contrasted in the space of size.
Step 3: according to the conversion regime of formula 1, in advance with 1/C2As the initial value of Newton iteration, lining ratio C is calculated
With the corresponding relationship of blood perfusion amount K, and concordance list is established.
In experiment, the dynamic range of C value is smaller, and range is at [0.05-0.86], it is therefore desirable to be metered into after decimal point 4
To improve the contrast between different pixels.And K is worth dynamic range larger, range only retains whole between [0-500]
Number, the difference that can be also effectively reflected between different pixels.
Table 1 illustrates the partial content of concordance list
Table 1 contrasts value table (part) corresponding with blood perfusion amount
According to the searching algorithm of definition, if contrasting an Elements C in value matrix0=0.1297, retrieval table is consulted, C is less than0
Maximum value be 0.1291, be greater than C0Minimum value be 0.1302, then corresponding blood perfusion amount be 58.5454, K after round numbers0
It is 59.
In the above described manner, retrieval obtains contrasting the corresponding blood perfusion moment matrix P (x, y) of value matrix C (x, y), and size is same
Sample is (1036*1388).
Step 4: by P (x, y) carry out round processing, obtain size be (1036*1388) matrix P ' (x,
y)。
Step 5: taking out maximum blood perfusion amount K in P ' (x, y)max=145, define the model of shown color-bar CB
Enclose is [0, CBmax], wherein CBmax=[Kmax/ 3]=48.Colored three primary colors are RGB respectively, by blood perfusion amount according to
The mode of formula 2 is mapped as different color ranks.
Show blood perfusion amount
After distributing color, then a color component is divided into several grades according to brightness, on each color grade
Color corresponding to K value is assigned, by taking green as an example, in present case, green can be divided into 12 grades, as 12≤K0When < 24, K0
Corresponding n grades of greens, wherein n is calculated by formula 3.
N=[K0- 12] (formula 3)
If K0=20, then it is exactly to indicate this pixel with the 8th grade of green.
P ' (x, y) is transformed into a color matrix in the method, that is, completes and states blood with the mode of pseudocolour picture
The process of purling fluence, color is deeper, and more partially red region illustrates that blood perfusion amount is bigger, gets over to corresponding erythrocyte aggregation
More, movement velocity is faster.
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is using the obtained perfusion weighted imaging figure of the present invention, shooting is hand under normal circumstances
Situation is carried on the back, at finger-joint, finger tip color is deeper, meets the faster physiology reality of the two position blood flow velocities, illustrates this
Method has practicability.
The present invention uses the blood perfusion amount K value of Larger Dynamic range as quantitative criteria, to do to microcirculation in human body situation
Objective assessment out will not bring subjective judgement into.By it was verified that blood perfusion amount is in computational accuracy, numberical range etc. is square
Face, which is better than, traditional contrasts value quantitative criteria.
The invention avoids operations each time will carry out a large amount of duplicate Newton iteration processes, can be realized pseudocolour picture
Real-time display, meet the requirement of practical application, and describe and Larger Dynamic range quantized value is presented using Pseudo-color Technique
Technology is counted within the scope of showing different data using three kinds of RGB different color features using the vision difference of human body
Value can pull open the difference between different data range, obtain more intuitive display.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of laser speckle perfusion weighted imaging method, which comprises the following steps:
1) obtain each pixel of original laser image contrasts Value Data；
2) it is pre-processed and is converted to blood perfusion amount to contrasting Value Data；
3) with the different corresponding blood perfusion amounts of color mark different pixels point.
2. a kind of laser speckle perfusion weighted imaging method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 1)
Specifically includes the following steps:
11) using laser speckle blood current imaging device acquisition original laser figure f (x, y), picture size m*n；
12) analytic approach is contrasted using space and calculates that f (x, y) is corresponding contrasts value matrix C (x, y), contrast value matrix C's (x, y)
Size be (m-w+1) * (n-w+1), wherein w for used sliding window window size.
3. a kind of laser speckle perfusion weighted imaging method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the step
12) in, analytic approach is contrasted in space specifically:
Using the sliding window of a w*w, the ratio between the standard deviation and mean value of all pixels gray value in sliding window are obtained, the window is obtained
The speckle contrast of internal central point, and by speckle contrast assignment in the corresponding pixel of the central point, when sliding window slip over it is whole
It when width image, amounts to and carries out (m-w+1) * (n-w+1) secondary calculating, and value composition is contrasted at obtained all centers and contrasts value matrix
C(x,y)。
4. a kind of laser speckle perfusion weighted imaging method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 2)
In, serve as a contrast the change type of ratio C and blood perfusion amount K are as follows:
Wherein, T is the time for exposure of CCD camera, τcFor the time constant of electric field auto-correlation function, β be optical system it is relevant because
Son.
5. a kind of laser speckle perfusion weighted imaging method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the step 2)
In, the dynamic range for serving as a contrast ratio C is [0.05-0.86], and measuring accuracy is the dynamic range of blood perfusion amount K 4 after decimal point
For [0-500], measuring accuracy is to retain integer part.
6. a kind of laser speckle perfusion weighted imaging method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the step 3)
Specifically includes the following steps:
31) it constructs the lining ratio C of three decimals of a reservation and retains the retrieval table of integer blood perfusion amount K, and using linear
The method of interpolation, which to contrast each of value matrix, contrasts value, and corresponding blood perfusion amount is indexed in retrieval table
Value；
32) according to retrieval table will contrast it is all in value matrix C (x, y) contrast the corresponding blood perfusion value of value, being recorded in size is
(m-w+1) in the matrix P (x, y) of * (n-w+1), and matrix P (x, y) is subjected to round processing, obtaining size is
(m-w+1) the matrix P ' (x, y) of * (n-w+1)；
33) according to blood perfusion amount K maximum in matrix P ' (x, y)max, the range for defining shown color-bar CB be [0,
CBmax], wherein CBmax=[Kmax/ 3], [] is round operation, and the three primary colors of color-bar CB are RGB, by blood
Purling fluence is mapped as different color ranks, and divides display level according to brightness to each color rank；
34) matrix P ' (x, y) is transformed into the color matrix with brightness degree according to step 33), completes to use pseudocolour picture
Mode state blood perfusion amount, the more deep more partially red region of color illustrates that blood perfusion amount is bigger, corresponding erythrocyte aggregation
Ground is more, and movement velocity is faster.
7. a kind of laser speckle perfusion weighted imaging method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the step
33) in, blood perfusion amount is mapped as different color ranks by following equation:
8. a kind of laser speckle perfusion weighted imaging method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the step
33) in, divide display level according to brightness to each color rank, specifically:
As blood perfusion amount K0When positioned at the color rank of green, green point is CB altogethermax/ 4 grades, corresponding brightness degree
ngExpression formula are as follows:
As blood perfusion amount K0When positioned at red color rank, red point is CB altogethermax/ 2 grades, corresponding brightness degree
nrExpression formula are as follows:
As blood perfusion amount K0When > CBmax, then most deep red is collectively expressed as.
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| CN110507305A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-29 | 北京大学 | Contrast the measuring blood flow rate method of waveform conduction time difference based on laser speckle |
| CN111429457A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-07-17 | 中国人民解放军总医院 | Intelligent evaluation method, device, equipment and medium for brightness of local area of image |
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Application publication date: 20190118 |