CN109191428A - Full-reference image quality evaluating method based on masking textural characteristics - Google Patents
Full-reference image quality evaluating method based on masking textural characteristics Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Full-reference image quality evaluating method disclosed by the invention based on masking textural characteristics belongs to image procossing and image quality evaluation technical field, color space conversion is carried out to reference and distorted image first, secondly reference picture and distorted image gradient amplitude and gradient direction feature are extracted and calculates image gradient information similitude, then textural characteristics similitude and color difference are calculated, and its mean value and standard deviation are counted respectively, constitute a 6-D feature vector, regression model is established come fusion feature vector and subjectivity MOS value according to random forest, and is trained；The 6-D feature vector for finally extracting testing image, is input in trained regression model, completes Objective image quality evaluation.Evaluation method disclosed by the invention uses three kinds of different similarity features, establishes regression model using random forest, realizes that full-reference image quality carries out high-precision and objectively evaluates, can keep higher consistency with human-eye visual characteristic.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to image procossing and image quality evaluation technical fields, are related to a kind of based on the complete of masking textural characteristics
Reference image quality evaluation method.
Background technique
With the arriving of big data era, more and more images are shared on network.Digital picture is obtained as people
It wins the confidence breath, carries out the important carrier of communication exchange, people's lives mode is just being altered in steps.With the substantially increasing of data scale
It is long, huge challenge is also brought, image may all occur to a certain degree during acquisition, storage, transmission and processing
Distortion.Therefore, how effectively to handle, transmit image, accurately picture quality is evaluated, has become and urgently studies
The problem of.
In recent years, since full-reference image quality evaluation algorithm and related device are widely used in all kinds of image procossing systems
Carry out Optimal Parameters in system, therefore, full-reference image quality evaluation has become a hot topic of research.Current most of existing full references
It is principle that type image quality evaluating method, which is all using based on human visual system (human visual systems, HVS),
Frame, W.Zhou et al. propose a kind of image evaluation method: firstly, extracting the brightness of reference picture and corresponding distorted image respectively
Three indexs such as information, contrast information and structural information；Secondly, calculate three indexs similitude, obtain brightness similitude,
Contrast similitude and structural similarity；Finally, three similarity features of average weighted, obtain the mass fraction of distorted image,
Under background premised on this theory, visual signature weight is assigned according to picture material.In addition, there are also methods in sky
A global characteristics are extracted to whole image in domain and realize quality evaluation, but this method cannot be used to evaluate color image.
Image structure information is described using frequency domain character in current some researchs, is further improved image quality evaluation mould
Type, still, the image quality evaluating method for being mostly based on characteristic similarity calculating cannot precisely reflect human eye vision masking effect
It answers, have ignored human eye vision is influenced by complicated factors such as physiology and psychology, lower so as to cause evaluation result precision.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of full-reference image quality evaluating methods based on masking textural characteristics, solve
Existing evaluation method cannot precisely reflect human eye vision masking effect, have ignored human eye vision by physiology and psychology etc. it is complicated because
The problem of element influences, the present invention are calculated to establish model by reference to the characteristic similarity of image and distorted image, be realized accurate
Distorted image quality evaluation.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the full-reference image quality evaluating method based on masking textural characteristics,
Specific operation process includes the following steps:
Step 1. by database reference picture and distorted image be transformed into Lab color space by RGB color,
Separate the colouring information of image with luminance information；
The Lab color space that step 2. is obtained according to step 1 extracts reference picture and distorted image in the channel L respectively
Gradient amplitude and gradient direction feature, and calculate gradient amplitude similitude and gradient direction similitude；
For step 3. after step 1, the Laws texture successively extracted in reference picture and distorted image in the channel L is special
Sign, and the texture paging mean value and standard deviation of statistical-reference image and distorted image；
The Lab color space that step 4. is obtained according to step 1 calculates reference picture and distorted image in L, and a, b tri- logical
The color difference in road, and count the mean value and standard deviation of color difference；
After the completion of step 5. step 2, step 3 and step 4, the gradient amplitude similitude that will acquire by random forest, ladder
Degree directional similarity, texture paging mean value and standard deviation and the fusion of the mean value and standard deviation of characteristic similarity color difference are returning
In model, and subjective assessment score MOS value is also entered into regression model and is trained, trained model is used directly to essence
Really predict the quality of image to be evaluated.
Other features of the invention also reside in,
Detailed process is as follows for step 1:
According to formula 1-3 to the reference picture and distorted image progress color space conversion in database, by RGB color sky
Between be transformed into Lab color space:
Wherein, R, G and B respectively indicate the triple channel of color image, and X, Y and Z respectively indicate the tristimulus values of color, X0=
0.9505, Y0=1.000, Z0=1.0890 be D65Tristimulus values under lighting condition, L*Lightness after indicating color space conversion
Channel, a*And b*Chrominance channel after respectively indicating color space conversion；RGB color passes through formula 1, formula 2 and formula 3
Lab color space is obtained after calculating, the image size after color space conversion and the image size phase before color space conversion
Together, the channel luminance information L and chrominance information a, the b channel separation of image are realized.
Detailed process is as follows for step 2:
Step 2.1 using the Prewitt operator with 3*3 window level and vertical two components respectively to reference picture and
Distorted image carries out convolution algorithm, carries out the extraction of gradient amplitude and gradient direction feature:
Wherein, for piece image f (x), x is the coordinate of pixel in image, to method such as 4 institute of formula of image convolution
Show:
In formula, Gx(x) horizontal gradient range value, G are indicatedy(x) vertical gradient range value is indicated；
Step 2.2 is through calculating separately the ladder of reference picture and distorted image according to formula 5 and formula 6 after the completion of step 2.1
Range value GM (x) and gradient direction value θ (x) are spent, circular is as follows:
Step 2.3 is through calculating separately the ladder of reference picture and distorted image according to formula 7 and formula 8 after the completion of step 2.2
Degree amplitude similitudeWith gradient direction similitude Sor(x), circular is as follows:
M in formula 7, n respectively indicate the width and height of image, and x indicates the position of pixel, Ir(x) and Id(x) it respectively indicates
Reference picture and distorted image；In formula 8, θrAnd θdRespectively indicate the gradient direction of reference picture and distorted image, C1=1.
Detailed process is as follows for step 3:
Step 3.1 texture feature extraction is to carry out convolution algorithm to image using four two dimension Laws filters, wherein four
A two dimension Laws filter is as shown in Equation 9:
It is the coordinate of pixel in image for piece image f (x), x, image is made with four templates in formula 9 respectively
Convolution algorithm is simultaneously maximized, and concrete form is as shown in formula 10:
Te=max (f (x) * i), i=(a), (b), (c), (d) (10)
Step 3.2 calculates the texture paging of reference picture and distorted image, specific calculation after step 3.1
It is as follows:
In formula 11, terAnd tedRespectively indicate the textural characteristics of reference picture and distorted image, C2=100；
Step 3.3 counts the mean value of convolution results after step 3.2And standard deviationSpecific statistical form
It is as follows:；
In formula 12,Indicate texture paging mean value,Indicate texture paging standard deviation, n indicates pixel
The sum of point.
Detailed process is as follows for step 4:
The Lab color space that step 4.1 is obtained according to step 1 calculates separately reference picture and distorted image in L, a, b tri-
Value of chromatism Δ E under a channel, as shown in formula 13:
In formula 13,Respectively indicate triple channel under Lab color space
Value, wherein subscript r and subscript d respectively represent reference picture and distorted image；
The mean value of step 4.2 statistics color differenceAnd standard deviationAs shown in formula 14 and formula 15:
In formula, m, n respectively indicate the width and height of chromaticity difference diagram, the position of two-dimensional surface where (i, j) indicates pixel.
Detailed process is as follows for step 5:
Step 5.1 is by six similarity features of acquisitionSor,WithWith
The subjective average mark MOS value of distorted image in database, they are input to jointly random forest foundation regression model into
Row training, and the quantity ntree=500, several sections of point pre-selection variable number mtry=2 of decision tree in model are set；
Step 5.2 is using trained regression model, by one or more distortion map to be detected and corresponding ginseng
It examines image and extracts similarity feature according to step 2, step 3 and step 4, then similarity feature is input to trained random gloomy
In woods regression model, the forecast quality score exported completes the evaluation to distorted image quality.
The invention has the advantages that the full-reference image quality evaluating method based on masking textural characteristics is large-scale public
Extraction three kinds of different similarity features of image on database are opened, and the mean value and the standard deviation that count these similarity features are mutual
For additional notes image information, solve the problems, such as that traditional characteristic is low with human eye subjective perception consistency；It can be according to random gloomy
Woods (RF) establishes the mean value and variance that regression model merges each similarity feature, and in conjunction with subjective scores MOS value carry out study and
Prediction, improves the robustness of model, to increase widespread popularity；In use, image quality estimation can be increased substantially
Precision, and there is high consistency with human visual system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the full-reference image quality evaluating method frame diagram of the invention based on masking textural characteristics.
Specific embodiment
The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Full-reference image quality evaluating method based on masking textural characteristics of the invention, as shown in Figure 1, can be by its point
For two large divisions, be respectively as follows: the prediction of foundation and the image quality evaluation of RF model: RF model establishes part, process object
It is the reference picture and distorted image in image data base, extracts the mean value and variance of three kinds of similarity features in the present invention,
Subjective MOS value in combined data library, establishes regression model using random forest RF；
The gradient amplitude similitude of the predicted portions of image quality evaluation, calculated distortion image and corresponding reference picture,
Gradient direction similitude, texture paging mean value, texture paging standard deviation, color difference typical value and standards of chromatic aberration are poor, by these three
Similarity feature fashions into a 6-D feature vector, and is input to RF regression model as input value, thus to distortion map
The quality of picture is predicted that picture quality is evaluated in completion.
Specific operation process includes the following steps:
Step 1. by database reference picture and distorted image be transformed into Lab color space by RGB color,
Separate the colouring information of image with luminance information:
According to formula 1-3 to the reference picture and distorted image progress color space conversion in database, by RGB color sky
Between be transformed into Lab color space:
Wherein, R, G and B respectively indicate the triple channel of color image, and X, Y and Z respectively indicate the tristimulus values of color, X0=
0.9505, Y0=1.000, Z0=1.0890 be D65Tristimulus values under lighting condition, L*Lightness after indicating color space conversion
Channel, a*And b*Chrominance channel after respectively indicating color space conversion；RGB color passes through formula 1, formula 2 and formula 3
Lab color space is obtained after calculating, the image size after color space conversion and the image size phase before color space conversion
Together, the channel luminance information L and chrominance information a, the b channel separation of image are realized；
The Lab color space that step 2. is obtained according to step 1 extracts reference picture and distorted image in the channel L respectively
Gradient amplitude and gradient direction feature, and calculate gradient amplitude similitude and gradient direction similitude:
Step 2.1 using the Prewitt operator with 3*3 window level and vertical two components respectively to reference picture and
Distorted image carries out convolution algorithm, carries out the extraction of gradient amplitude and gradient direction feature:
Wherein, for piece image f (x), x is the coordinate of pixel in image, to method such as 4 institute of formula of image convolution
Show:
In formula, Gx(x) horizontal gradient range value, G are indicatedy(x) vertical gradient range value is indicated；
Step 2.2 is through calculating separately the ladder of reference picture and distorted image according to formula 5 and formula 6 after the completion of step 2.1
Range value GM (x) and gradient direction value θ (x) are spent, circular is as follows:
Step 2.3, through after the completion of step 2.2, reference picture and distorted image are calculated separately according to formula 7 and formula 8
Gradient amplitude similitudeWith gradient direction similitude Sor(x), circular is as follows:
M in formula 7, n respectively indicate the width and height of image, and x indicates the position of pixel, Ir(x) and Id(x) it respectively indicates
Reference picture and distorted image；In formula 8, θrAnd θdRespectively indicate the gradient direction of reference picture and distorted image, C1=1, it uses
In stable formula 8, the phenomenon that avoid denominator from occurring be zero.
For step 3. after step 1, the Laws texture successively extracted in reference picture and distorted image in the channel L is special
Sign, and the texture paging mean value and standard deviation of statistical-reference image and distorted image:
Step 3.1 texture feature extraction is to carry out convolution algorithm to image using four two dimension Laws filters and take maximum
Value, wherein four two dimension Laws filters are as shown in Equation 9:
It is the coordinate of pixel in image for piece image f (x), x, image is made with four templates in formula 9 respectively
Convolution algorithm is simultaneously maximized, and concrete form is as shown in formula 10:
Te=max (f (x) * i), i=(a), (b), (c), (d) (10)
Step 3.2 calculates the texture paging of reference picture and distorted image, specific calculation after step 3.1
It is as follows:
In formula 11, terAnd tedRespectively indicate the textural characteristics of reference picture and distorted image, C2=100, for stablizing
The phenomenon that formula 11, to avoid denominator from occurring be zero；
Step 3.3 counts the mean value of convolution results after step 3.2And standard deviationSpecific statistical form is such as
Shown in lower:
In formula 12,Indicate texture paging mean value, σ SmteIndicate texture paging standard deviation, n indicates pixel
Sum.
The Lab color space that step 4. is obtained according to step 1 calculates reference picture and distorted image in L, and a, b tri- logical
The color difference in road, and count the mean value and standard deviation of color difference；
The Lab color space that step 4.1 is obtained according to step 1 calculates separately reference picture and distorted image in L, a, b tri-
Value of chromatism Δ E under a channel, as shown in formula 13:
In formula 13,Respectively indicate triple channel under Lab color space
Value, wherein subscript r and subscript d respectively represent reference picture and distorted image；
The mean value of step 4.2 statistics color differenceAnd standard deviationAs shown in formula 14 and formula 15:
In formula 14 and formula 15, m, n respectively indicate the width and height of chromaticity difference diagram, and two dimension where (i, j) indicates pixel is flat
The position in face；
After the completion of step 5. step 2, step 3 and step 4, the gradient amplitude similitude that will acquire by random forest, ladder
Degree directional similarity, texture paging mean value and standard deviation and the fusion of the mean value and standard deviation of characteristic similarity color difference are returning
In model, and subjective assessment score MOS value is also entered into regression model and is trained, trained model is used directly to essence
Really predict the quality of image to be evaluated:
Step 5.1 is by six similarity features of acquisitionSor,WithSum number
According to the subjective average mark MOS value of distorted image in library, the regression model that they are input to random forest foundation jointly is carried out
Training, and the quantity ntree=500, several sections of point pre-selection variable number mtry=2 of decision tree in model are set；
Step 5.2 is using trained regression model, by one or more distortion map to be detected and corresponding ginseng
It examines image and extracts similarity feature according to step 2, step 3 and step 4, then similarity feature is input to trained random gloomy
In woods regression model, the forecast quality score exported completes the evaluation to distorted image quality.
Full-reference image quality evaluating method based on masking textural characteristics of the invention, is first carried out in database
Reference and distorted image carry out color space conversion；Secondly the airspace gradient and frequency for extracting reference picture and distorted image are executed
Domain phase property calculates global max architecture characteristic similarity；Then it is similar with spatial frequency features to execute calculating frequency domain texture
Property, airspace color characteristic similitude, and a 6-D feature vector is constituted in conjunction with global max architecture characteristic similarity；It connects down
To be trained by random forest RF binding characteristic vector sum MOS value to establish regression model；It finally executes and extracts to mapping
It is pre- to carry out high-precision to testing image quality as the input value of random forest RF regression model for the 6-D feature vector of picture
It surveys, to evaluate picture quality.
Full-reference image quality evaluating method based on masking textural characteristics of the invention, takes full advantage of and regards with human eye
The mean value and variance for feeling three kinds of consistent similarity features of characteristic, can be according to the reference picture and distortion map in database
Picture establishes random forest RF regression model fusion similarity feature, and is trained and predicts, thus high-precision forecast image matter
Amount evaluation keeps higher consistency with eye recognition.
Claims (6)
1. the full-reference image quality evaluating method based on masking textural characteristics, which is characterized in that specific operation process includes
Following steps:
Step 1. by database reference picture and distorted image be transformed into Lab color space by RGB color, make figure
The colouring information of picture is separated with luminance information；
The Lab color space that step 2. is obtained according to step 1 extracts reference picture and distorted image in the gradient in the channel L respectively
Amplitude and gradient direction feature, and calculate gradient amplitude similitude and gradient direction similitude；
Step 3. successively extracts the Laws textural characteristics in reference picture and distorted image in the channel L after step 1, and
The texture paging mean value and standard deviation of statistical-reference image and distorted image；
The Lab color space that step 4. is obtained according to step 1, calculates reference picture and distorted image in L, tri- channels a, b
Color difference, and count the mean value and standard deviation of color difference；
After the completion of step 5. step 2, step 3 and step 4, the gradient amplitude similitude that will acquire by random forest, gradient side
To similitude, texture paging mean value and standard deviation and the fusion of the mean value and standard deviation of characteristic similarity color difference in regression model
In, and subjective assessment score MOS value is also entered into regression model and is trained, trained model is used directly to accurate pre-
Survey the quality of image to be evaluated.
2. the full-reference image quality evaluating method as described in claim 1 based on masking textural characteristics, which is characterized in that
Detailed process is as follows for the step 1:
According to formula 1-3 to reference picture and distorted image progress color space conversion in database, turned by RGB color
Change to Lab color space:
Wherein, R, G and B respectively indicate the triple channel of color image, and X, Y and Z respectively indicate the tristimulus values of color, X0=
0.9505, Y0=1.000, Z0=1.0890 be D65Tristimulus values under lighting condition, L*Lightness after indicating color space conversion
Channel, a*And b*Chrominance channel after respectively indicating color space conversion；RGB color passes through formula 1, formula 2 and formula 3
Lab color space is obtained after calculating, the image size after color space conversion and the image size phase before color space conversion
Together, the channel luminance information L and chrominance information a, the b channel separation of image are realized.
3. the full-reference image quality evaluating method as described in claim 1 based on masking textural characteristics, which is characterized in that
Detailed process is as follows for the step 2:
Step 2.1 is using the Prewitt operator with 3*3 window level and vertical two components respectively to reference picture and distortion
Image carries out convolution algorithm, carries out the extraction of gradient amplitude and gradient direction feature:
It wherein, is the coordinate of pixel in image for piece image f (x), x, as shown in formula 4 to the method for image convolution:
In formula, Gx(x) horizontal gradient range value, G are indicatedy(x) vertical gradient range value is indicated；
Step 2.2 is through calculating separately the gradient width of reference picture and distorted image according to formula 5 and formula 6 after the completion of step 2.1
Angle value GM (x) and gradient direction value θ (x), circular are as follows:
Step 2.3 is through calculating separately the gradient width of reference picture and distorted image according to formula 7 and formula 8 after the completion of step 2.2
Spend similitudeWith gradient direction similitude Sor(x), circular is as follows:
M in formula 7, n respectively indicate the width and height of image, and x indicates the position of pixel, Ir(x) and Id(x) reference is respectively indicated
Image and distorted image；In formula 8, θrAnd θdRespectively indicate the gradient direction of reference picture and distorted image, C1=1.
4. the full-reference image quality evaluating method as described in claim 1 based on masking textural characteristics, which is characterized in that
Detailed process is as follows for the step 3:
Step 3.1 texture feature extraction is to carry out convolution algorithm to image using four two dimension Laws filters, wherein four two
It is as shown in Equation 9 to tie up Laws filter:
For piece image f (x), x is the coordinate of pixel in image, and image is made convolution with four templates in formula 9 respectively
Operation is simultaneously maximized, and concrete form is as shown in formula 10:
Te=max (f (x) * i), i=(a), (b), (c), (d) (10)
Step 3.2 calculates the texture paging of reference picture and distorted image after step 3.1, and specific calculation is as follows:
In formula 11, terAnd tedRespectively indicate the textural characteristics of reference picture and distorted image, C2=100；
Step 3.3 counts the mean value of convolution results after step 3.2And standard deviationSpecific statistical form is as follows
It is shown:；
In formula 12,Indicate texture paging mean value,Indicate texture paging standard deviation, n indicates the total of pixel
Number.
5. the full-reference image quality evaluating method as described in claim 1 based on masking textural characteristics, which is characterized in that
Detailed process is as follows for the step 4:
The Lab color space that step 4.1 is obtained according to step 1 calculates separately reference picture and distorted image in L, and a, b tri- logical
Value of chromatism Δ E under road, as shown in formula 13:
In formula 13,The value of triple channel under Lab color space is respectively indicated,
Middle subscript r and subscript d respectively represent reference picture and distorted image；
The mean value of step 4.2 statistics color differenceAnd standard deviationAs shown in formula 14 and formula 15:
In formula, m, n respectively indicate the width and height of chromaticity difference diagram, the position of two-dimensional surface where (i, j) indicates pixel.
6. the full-reference image quality evaluating method as described in claim 1 based on masking textural characteristics, which is characterized in that
Detailed process is as follows for the step 5:
Step 5.1 is by six similarity features of acquisitionSor,WithAnd database
The subjective average mark MOS value of middle distorted image, the regression model that they are input to random forest foundation jointly are trained,
And the quantity ntree=500, several sections of point pre-selection variable number mtry=2 of decision tree in model are set；
Step 5.2 is using trained regression model, by one or more distortion map to be detected and corresponding with reference to figure
As being input to trained random forest time according to step 2, step 3 and step 4 extraction similarity feature, then by similarity feature
Return in model, the forecast quality score exported, completes the evaluation to distorted image quality.
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